Yog tias ib qho ntawm cov kabmob lossis cov kab ke ntawm tib neeg lub cev ua tsis tau lossis txawm tias muaj kev cuam tshuam tsawg, qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv hauv cov ntshav. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias nws cov morphological, protein, electrolyte thiab roj muaj pes tsawg leeg tuaj yeem hloov pauv. Cov xwm txheej zoo li no feem ntau hu ua pathophysiology ntawm ntshav.
Cov xwm txheej zoo li no tshwm sim thaum lub paj hlwb, lub raum, lub ntsws, cov qog endocrine thiab lwm yam kabmob cuam tshuam. Hauv qhov no, cov ntshav tso tseg tsis ua nws lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb. Piv txwv li, muaj teeb meem nrog lub ntsws, ua pa ua haujlwm, uas yog, kev thauj mus los ntawm oxygen, cuam tshuam. Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev xa cov as-ham, cov tshuaj hormones thiab lwm yam khoom tseem ceeb rau tag nrho cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm lub cev kuj nyuaj. Yog li, kev hloov pauv hauv cov ntshav pathophysiology kuj tseem cuam tshuam rau kev tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm, txij li kev tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yuav nyuaj.
cov ntaub ntawv dav dav
Ntau yam txheej txheem tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv cov ntshav uas ua txhaum nws txoj haujlwm thiab lwm yam haujlwm. Yog hais tias ib tug neeg raug kev txom nyem los ntawm ib qho kev pathology, qhov no ua rau kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov qe ntshav. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv cov xwm txheej tsis tshua muaj, kev hloov pauv ntawm cov kua dej tseem ceeb yog qhov txiaj ntsig zoo rau tus neeg. Hauv qhov no, nws yog hais txogrejuvenation ntawm cov ntshav thiab pathophysiology, uas zoo cuam tshuam rau ib tug neeg. Txawm li cas los xij, ntau zaus nrog hnub nyoog lossis nyob rau hauv qhov cuam tshuam ntawm lwm yam, qhov no cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv.
Ntshav nws tus kheej muaj cov ntsiab lus nyuaj: cov qe ntshav liab, qe ntshav dawb, platelets thiab ntshav. Tag nrho cov khoom no yog inextricably txuas nrog ib leeg. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias txhua yam txheej txheem pathological nyob rau hauv lub circulatory system tsis tuaj yeem yog hom cais nruj me ntsis.
Yog tias peb tham txog cov haujlwm ua haujlwm ntawm cov hlab ntshav, ces, raws li txoj cai, nws ua haujlwm sib raug zoo. Qee lub sij hawm cov teeb meem theem nrab tshwm sim, uas yog lub cev teb rau qee yam txheej txheem pathological uas tshwm sim hauv lwm lub cev thiab lub cev. Piv txwv li, thaum muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob los yog kev kis kab mob, lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tau qhib. Yog li, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv pib tsim tawm hauv cov ntshav. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev ua kom cov hlab ntsha tuaj yeem tshwm sim nrog kev txo qis, txo qis ntawm cov pa oxygen hauv qhov chaw, thiab vim muaj ntau yam.
Qee cov tshuaj tuaj yeem muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau lub cev. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub system yog suppressed thiab lwm yam pathological txheej txheem tshwm sim. Nws tseem tsim nyog xav txog tias cov qe ntshav tuaj yeem raug rau ntau hom kab mob pathogenic. Lawv tuaj yeem raug tua los ntawm cov kab mob, kab mob, tshuaj lom neeg. Qhov no ua rau tsis yog tsuas yog ua rau kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov hlwb, tab sis kuj ua rau kev ua txhaum ntawm lawv txoj haujlwm hauv kev txhim kho cov txheej txheem antigenic.
Feem ntau tsis zoo ua rau hloov pauv (pathophysiology ntawm cov ntshav dawb lossis liab)yog cov tshuaj autoimmune hauv tib neeg lub cev. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub xeev ntawm cov khoom no cuam tshuam los ntawm qhov tseeb tias ib tus neeg muaj ntshav tsis txaus. Qhov no tuaj yeem hloov tag nrho cov ntim ntawm cov kua dej. Qee lub sij hawm muaj kev hloov pauv hauv lub cev physicochemical ntawm cov ntshav, cov kab mob pathophysiology hloov. Feem ntau, qhov no muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau tib neeg tus mob. Nws yog tsim nyog xav txog qhov feem ntau ntawm cov kev hloov hauv cov ntshav muaj pes tsawg leeg. Nws kuj tseem yuav pab tau kom paub tias nws cuam tshuam rau tus neeg li cas.
Hloov tag nrho cov ntshav ntim
Yog tias koj kawm cov ntawv nyeem ntawm cov ntshav pathophysiology (Shiffman F. J. lossis lwm tus kws sau ntawv), koj tuaj yeem paub ntau qhov tseeb. Piv txwv li, tib neeg lub cev muaj li 6-8% ntawm cov kua dej tseem ceeb. Yog tias peb tham txog qhov feem pua ntawm cov qe ntshav liab, tom qab ntawd, raws li tag nrho cov ntshav plasma, qhov ntsuas no hu ua hematocrit. Raws li txoj cai, nws tus nqi yog 36-48%. Cov ntaub ntawv no tau ua tib zoo kawm thaum txiav txim siab kuaj ntshav thiab pathophysiology. Yuav kom tau txais cov ntaub ntawv raug ntau dua, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau centrifuge nyob rau hauv ib qho tshwj xeeb capillary. Thaum qhov sib piv ntawm erythrocytes thiab ntshav hloov pauv, kev hloov pauv pathological tshwm sim, uas ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim loj. Nws tsim nyog xav txog cov hom kev hloov pauv hauv cov ntshav muaj pes tsawg leeg.
YHypervolemia
Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, peb tab tom tham txog pathophysiology ntawm cov ntshav, uas yog ib qho tseem ceeb nce nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov kua. Muaj ntau hom kab mob no:
- Ib yam yooj yim. Hauv qhov no, cov cellplasma pib nce proportionally. Qhov no pathology yuav yog ib ntus. Feem ntau qhov no tshwm sim tom qab txhaj ntshav thiab thaum lub cev muaj zog heev. Hauv qhov no, cov ntaub so ntswg tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv lub txaj vascular.
- Hypervolemia, kuaj aligocetemic. Hauv qhov no, qhov nce ntawm tag nrho cov ntshav ntim kuj tau sau tseg, txawm li cas los xij, vim nws cov kua dej. Hauv qhov no, qhov txo qis hauv hematocrit tau pom. Ib qho xwm txheej zoo sib xws tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm cov kab mob, nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm o thiab tom qab ib tug neeg tau txais ib tug txheej txheem nyob rau hauv uas nws tau txhaj nrog saline. Qhov no tsis yog ib txoj kev nyab xeeb raws li nws yuav zoo li thaum xub thawj siab ib muag. Nws yog ib nqi sau cia hais tias yog hais tias ib tug tsiaj yog txhaj nrog ib tug ntau ntawm saline, nws muaj peev xwm txawm ua rau tuag. Nws tsis muaj qhov cuam tshuam rau tib neeg lub cev, tab sis nws cuam tshuam rau cov txheej txheem ntawm cov ntshav. Qhov no ua rau stagnation hauv lub voj voog me me. Tsis tas li ntawd, xws li kev txhim kho ntawm hypoglycemia tuaj yeem ua rau mob ntshav qab zib, cachexia thiab lwm yam pathologies uas muaj qhov txo qis ntawm cov qe ntshav liab. Nrog xws li pathophysiology ntawm cov ntshav liab, tsis muaj kev phom sij ntawm kev tuag, tab sis tus mob yuav tsum tau tswj xyuas.
- Polycetymic. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, ib tug tseem ceeb nce nyob rau hauv cov ntshav yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv tus nqi ntawm erythrocytes. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, xws li pathophysiology ntawm cov ntshav liab yog compensatory nyob rau hauv cov xwm. Piv txwv li, cov teeb meem zoo sib xws tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv cov neeg nyob hauv toj siab lossis hauv cov neeg muaj mob plawv. Tsuas yogYog li ntawd, xws li pathologies tuaj yeem ua rau tus kab mob malignant ntawm tib neeg cov hlab ntshav. Raws li txoj cai, thaum tus kab mob no tshwm sim, qhov ntim ntawm cov ntshav tuaj yeem tshaj li 2 zaug. Qhov no yog vim qhov tseem ceeb ntawm erythrocytes. Hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tshawb fawb, kev tsom xam dav dav ntawm pathophysiology ntawm cov ntshav qhia tau tias muaj zog hematocrit. Hauv kev xyaum kho mob, ntau qhov kev sim tau ua rau tsiaj. Thaum lub sij hawm cov kev ntsuam xyuas, nws muaj peev xwm tsim tau hais tias nrog ib tug nce nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov ntshav ntim los ntawm 100%, tsis muaj cov tsos mob loj pathological. Yog tias cov kua dej tseem ceeb tau nce 150% lossis ntau dua, qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam loj heev, vim tias cov hlab ntsha overstretched. Qhov no ua rau poob rau hauv lawv lub suab. Tsis tas li ntawd, nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, lub permeability ntawm phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha txo qis. Qhov no ua rau cov kua dej tuab, uas ua rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov hlab plawv nyuaj heev.
Hypovolemia
Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, peb tab tom tham txog pathophysiology ntawm cov ntshav, uas yog txo nws cov ntim tag nrho. Yog hais tias peb tham txog hypovolemia, ces nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no kuj muaj 3 theem ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm no pathology:
- Yooj yim. Hauv qhov no, plasma thiab cellular ntsiab txo qis proportionally. Raws li nyob rau hauv thawj qhov kev piav qhia, nrog ib tug yooj yim degree ntawm hypovolemia, qhov tshwm sim tuaj yeem yog lub sijhawm luv luv. Yog li, kev hloov pauv hauv cov ntshav yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev poob siab. Qhov no yog vim lub fact tias ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm cov kua dej tsis koom nyob rau hauv lub circulating txheej txheem. Thaum kuaj xyuas cov txiaj ntsig hematocrit,pauv.
- Aligocetemic hypovolemia. Hauv qhov no, cov ntshav txo qis vim cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov qe ntshav liab. Qhov no tshwm sim tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm kev poob ntshav hnyav. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias cov ntshav tsawg dua nkag mus rau hauv lub txaj vascular thiab xa mus rau cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm lub cev. Nrog rau kev hloov pauv hauv pathophysiology ntawm cov ntshav liab, cov txiaj ntsig hematocrit tau qis dua.
- Y Polycethymic hypovolemia. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, qhov kev hloov ntawm cov ntshav ntim yog vim tsis muaj kua. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, erythrocytes tseem nyob li qub. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv dhau los ua ntau dua vim cov kua dej thickening. Ib qho xwm txheej zoo sib xws tuaj yeem tshwm sim tom qab lub cev qhuav dej, piv txwv li, yog tias ib tus neeg mob raws plab lossis ntuav hnyav, kub dhau thiab tawm hws hnyav, thiab tom qab kub hnyiab.
Bleeding
Yog tias cov hlab ntsha raug mob vim raug mob sab nraud, qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj tus kabmob no. Los ntshav tuaj yeem yog sab nraud lossis sab hauv. Yog tias peb tham txog qeb kawg, ces qhov no tuaj yeem tshwm sim, piv txwv li, vim yog mob plab thaum muaj los ntshav hauv plab. Kuj tseem muaj lwm yam ntawm cov ntshav pathophysiology.
Yog tias peb tham txog cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb uas ua rau cov ntshav poob, ces qhov no nws tsim nyog pom tias muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm cov dej ntws tawm. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau hypoxemia thiab hypoxia hauv lub cev thiab qee cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm tib neeg lub cev. Yog hais tias peb tham txog thawj pathology, ces nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no ib tug adaptive cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab kev hloov pauv pathological tshwm sim. Hauv qhov thib obHauv qhov no, muaj ntau yam cim qhia txog kev hloov pauv hauv qhov system ua haujlwm. Qhov no ua rau:
- pab nyiaj rau ntshav siab;
- -Repistribution ntawm vascular suab;
- tso ntshav tso;
- tachycardia;
- nrawm nrawm;
- them nyiaj ua pa luv thiab ntau yam tsos mob.
Yog tias ntshav poob tau raug cais raws li qhov tsis ua rau tuag taus, ces tus mob pathological ib ntus yuav tshwm sim rau qhov no. Raws li txoj cai, nws yog hu ua anemia. Yog tias cov ntshav poob ntau dua, ces qhov no decompensation tshwm sim. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias qhov no pathology ntawm lub pathophysiology ntawm cov ntshav ua rau lub fact tias tib neeg lub cev raug kev txom nyem los ntawm oxygen tshaib plab, uas nyob rau hauv lem yuav ua rau tuag.
Txoj kev ntshav poob
Txhawm rau them cov ntshav poob, koj yuav tsum ua ntej sib npaug ntshav siab. Yog tias nws nyob ntawm 70mmHg thiab tseem poob qis, nws tuaj yeem ua rau tawg. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias yuav muaj kev ua txhaum loj ntawm cov ntshav muab rau hauv nruab nrab paj hlwb. Qhov no yuav cuam tshuam tsis tau tsuas yog lub plawv, tab sis kuj rau lwm yam kabmob. Vim li no, kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub plawv yuav phem dua. Tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau los no, kev xa cov pa oxygen mus rau cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm lub cev yuav ua rau tsis zoo, cov txheej txheem metabolic yuav cuam tshuam.
Nws tseem tsim nyog xav txog tias cov hlwb hlwb raug kev txom nyem ntau dua los ntawm qhov tsis muaj oxygen. Nyob rau thawj theem, transcendental inhibition ntawm lub cortex tshwm sim. Maj mam, inhibition ntawm lub hauv paus thiab cov chaw tseem ceeb tsim, mus rauuas muaj xws li ua pa thiab vasomotor. Nws yog tsim nyog sau cia tias kev tuag los ntawm cov ntshav poob tshwm sim tsis yog vim tsis muaj cov kua dej tseem ceeb, tab sis tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm kev tuag tes tuag taw ntawm lub hauv paus chaw. Qhov no yog qhov ua rau mob plawv.
Txoj kev poob ntshav
Hauv qhov no, txhua yam nyob ntawm qhov ntim ntawm cov kua thiab lub sijhawm uas tib neeg lub cev poob nws. Qhov no yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas txiav txim siab tus neeg mob tus mob. Yog tias tus neeg mob ib zaug poob 1/3 lossis txawm tias 1/4 ntawm tag nrho cov ntshav ncig, ces qhov no tuaj yeem hem nws lub neej. Qhov no yog vim muaj kev poob qis hauv siab thiab kev txhim kho ntawm hypoxia. Yog tias ib tug neeg ib txhij poob 50% ntawm cov ntshav, ces qhov xwm txheej no raug suav hais tias tuag taus.
Thaum cov kua tau tawm ntawm tib neeg lub cev maj mam, piv txwv li, hauv ob peb hnub, qhov no tsis tas yuav tham txog kev tuag. Qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb tias cov txheej txheem them nyiaj muaj sijhawm los pib ua haujlwm thiab tsim cov hlwb tshiab. Qhov no sib npaug ntshav siab, yog li tshem tawm txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm hypoxia.
Txawm li cas los xij, hauv qhov no muaj qee yam kev phom sij, vim txhua yam nyob ntawm seb lub cev ua haujlwm sai npaum li cas rau ntshav poob thiab ua haujlwm them nyiaj. Nws yog tsim nyog sau cia tias nrog kev saib xyuas zoo tshaj plaws nws yog qhov tsim nyog los tswj cov me nyuam mos thiab cov me nyuam mos. Lawv suav hais tias yog qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws rau kev poob ntshav. Yog hais tias tus me nyuam poob txawm tias ib qho me me ntawm cov kua dej, qhov no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub paj hlwb thiab cov hlab plawv. Tsuas yogTsis tas li ntawd, nce rhiab heev rau pathologies ntawm cov ntshav system thiab pathophysiology ntawm ntau hom yog pom nyob rau hauv cov neeg uas nyob rau hauv ib tug sib sib zog nqus tshuaj loog, thiab nrog hypothermia. Yog li ntawd, koj yuav tsum ceev faj. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los xyuas nrog tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb txog txhua yam kev pheej hmoo tshwm sim thaum lub sij hawm phais.
Pathophysiology ntawm cov ntshav coagulation system
Nyob rau hauv lub xeev ib txwm, cov ntsuas no yog tswj los ntawm neuroendocrine mechanisms. Yog tias ib tug neeg raug kev txom nyem los ntawm qee yam kab mob, cov txheej txheem ntawm kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm coagulation yam tuaj yeem cuam tshuam, thiab lawv qeeb. Qhov no ua rau los ntshav. Yog hais tias kev soj ntsuam ntawm cov ntshav pathophysiology qhia tau hais tias muaj kev ceev ntawm cov kua dej khov, ces thrombosis yuav tshwm sim.
Thaum qeeb cov txheej txheem no, nws tsim nyog ua tib zoo saib rau ob peb lub cim uas cuam tshuam rau kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob no. Qhov no tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm qhov tsis muaj ntau yam coagulation yog tias kev ua haujlwm ntawm ntuj procoagulants, plasma thiab lamellar Cheebtsam cuam tshuam. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov no tshwm sim nrog ntau tshaj ntawm heparin.
Yog ib tug neeg raug kev txom nyem los ntshav, yog li no, nws yuav muaj kev los ntshav ntev thiab txawm tias los ntshav sab hauv.
Thrombocytopenia
Thaum tus kab mob no tshwm sim, ib tug neeg muaj los ntshav hnyav, uas nyuaj heev. Tsis tas li ntawd, lwm txoj haujlwm ntshav hauv pathophysiology tuaj yeem raug cuam tshuam. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum xyuam xim rau cov tsos mob uas ua rau muaj kev txhawj xeeb. Piv txwv li, yog tiasNws yog ib qho nyuaj rau ib tug neeg kom tsis txhob los ntshav, txawm tias tom qab txiav me tshaj plaws. Koj kuj yuav tsum xyuam xim rau:
- cov pos hniav;
- nrawm bruis;
- pob me me ntawm ib hom tshwj xeeb ntawm lub cev (feem ntau feem ntau tshwm sim ntawm ob txhais ceg);
- kev coj khaub ncaws ntev rau poj niam;
- ntshav suav nrog hauv quav thiab zis.
Tus neeg nws tus kheej yuav hnov zoo li qub. Txawm li cas los xij, tom qab kuaj ntshav, pathophysiology tau pom meej. Thrombocytopenia yog qhov txaus ntshai vim tias nws tuaj yeem ua rau los ntshav sab hauv ntawm tib neeg lub cev. Qhov phem tshaj plaws yog lub hlwb hemorrhage. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav tsum nkag siab tias, zoo li txhua yam pathology, tus kab mob no tuaj yeem tshwm sim yam tsis muaj laj thawj.
Feem ntau, kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob no ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau dhau ntawm platelets hauv cov ntshav. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv qhov kev faib tawm tuaj yeem ua rau lub xeev no. Vim li no, muaj qhov txo qis hauv cov concentration ntawm platelets hauv cov ntshav.
Cov yam tseem ceeb uas yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev txhim kho cov kab mob no tuaj yeem suav nrog kev puas tsuaj ntau dhau ntawm platelets. Nws yuav tsum tau to taub hais tias nrog ib tug loj heev daim ntawv ntawm no pathology, ib tug hemorrhagic stroke yuav tshwm sim. Yog li ntawd, txawm tias cov tsos mob me tshaj plaws tshwm sim, koj yuav tsum hu rau tus kws kho mob tam sim ntawd. Nws yog tsim nyog kawm cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv lub pathophysiology ntawm cov ntshav. Schiffman F. J. piav qhia txog cov txheej txheem no hauv qee qhov nthuav dav.
Hemostasis
Cov kab mob no tseem tuaj yeem ua rau muaj mob hnyav rau tib neeg. Muaj ob peb theem hauv kev txhim kho hemostasis:
- 1 theem. Nyob rau theem no, phaj thrombus tsim tshwm sim. Qhov no txhais tau tias muaj cov kab mob uas ua rau hemophilia. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev hloov pauv hauv lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tuaj yeem pom, cov ntshav txhaws tau cuam tshuam. Ib tug neeg tuaj yeem tsim cov tshuaj immunoglobulins, uas, raws li txoj cai, tshwm sim hauv tib neeg lub cev nrog kev txhim kho rheumatism thiab lwm yam kab mob.
- 2 theem. Thaum lub sij hawm no, thrombin tsim, uas provokes mob thiab pathologies nyob rau hauv daim siab. Qhov no ua rau txo qis hauv kev sib xyaw ntawm ntau yam khoom. Jaundice, resection ntawm cov hnyuv me, dysbacteriosis thiab lwm yam kab mob kuj tuaj yeem ua rau muaj tus mob no. Feem ntau avitaminosis tuaj rau lub teeb. Nws tseem tsim nyog xav txog tias cov vitamin K ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau kev tsim cov plasma yam tseem ceeb uas ua rau cov ntshav txhaws. Yog hais tias ib tug neeg muaj kab mob raum, cov khoom no pib tawm sai heev nrog rau cov zis. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev kho tshuaj siv tshuaj tua kab mob tuaj yeem ua rau theem ob ntawm hemostasis. Qhov no provokes tsim inhibitors ntawm plasma yam. Tsis tas li ntawd, hemostasis tsim tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm anaphylactic shock thiab insulin ntau dhau. Hauv qhov no, kev tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv coagulant hauv cov ntshav tseem cuam tshuam.
- 3 theem. Fibrin yog tsim nyob rau theem no. Qhov no tshwm sim tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm cov txheej txheem pathological uas tshwm sim hauv daim siab. Qhov no ua rautxo qis hauv fibrinogen synthesis. Tsis tas li ntawd, theem 3 tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev mob caj dab. Kev puas tsuaj ntawm tus neeg mob qee zaum raug pom vim yog kev phais mob, kub hnyiab heev, tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm kev poob siab, lom nrog cov tshuaj lom neeg. Pathology tsim tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm kev ua txhaum ntawm qhov zoo thiab qhov ntim ntawm cov platelets tsim los ntawm lub cev, nrog rau kev siv qee yam tshuaj, nrog rau cov ntshav txhaws tau tshwm sim.
Koj yuav tsum nyeem ntau ntxiv hauv phau ntawv ntawm cov ntshav pathophysiology (Schiffman), uas tuaj yeem yuav ntawm tus nqi pheej yig.
RBC osmotic resistance
Qhov ntsuas no qhia txog kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov khoom uas tiv thaiv qhov txo qis ntawm cov ntsev hauv cov ntshav ntshav. Lawv ncaj qha nyob ntawm seb qhov loj hlob ntawm erythrocytes uas nyob rau hauv cov hlab ntsha.
Nrog rau kev nce osmotic tsis kam ntawm erythrocytes, adsorption ntawm cov roj cholesterol thiab lwm yam khoom uas cuam tshuam cov protein metabolism ntawm lub cell nto tshwm sim. Obstructive jaundice, ntau yam malignant qog, atherosclerosis thiab lwm yam pathologies tuaj yeem ua rau qhov no.
Tsis tas li, qhov nce hauv WEM tuaj yeem tshwm sim thaum cov hlwb tsis paub tab tshwm sim. Feem ntau qhov no tshwm sim vim kev poob ntshav hnyav. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov zoo sib xws pathology tau pom nyob rau hauv cov neeg nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev laus, tiv thaiv keeb kwm ntawm heredity thiab nrog rau lwm yam cim.
Hauv pathophysiology (cov ntshav dawb pathology), kab mob ntawm pawg no feem ntau pom. Leukocytosis yog ib qho tshwm sim ib ntus uas tuaj yeem ua taucuam tshuam rau tus neeg noj qab haus huv yog tias rov faib cov kua dej tshwm sim hauv lub txaj vascular. Piv txwv li, nrog rau cov leeg muaj zog ua hauj lwm, ib tug pathology ntawm myogenic hom tsim. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov pathophysiology ntawm cov ntshav dawb hloov thaum lub sij hawm digestive.
Yog tias leukocytosis kav ntev dua, feem ntau nws yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev kis kab mob hauv tib neeg lub cev, kev cuam tshuam ntawm endocrine system, cuam tshuam nrog kev tswj hwm hormonal.
Thaum cov kab mob no tshwm sim, cov zis ntawm leukocytes uas nkag mus rau hauv cov ntshav yog nrawm. Qhov no tej zaum yuav yog vim muaj cov co toxins, cov khoom ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg puas. Qhov ntim ntawm leukopoetins tuaj yeem nce ntxiv thaum cov txheej txheem inflammatory tshwm sim, tiv thaiv keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob sib kis los yog cov ntshav poob. Raws li txoj cai, qhov concentration ntawm cov tshuaj yog pom nyob rau hauv lub raum. Txhawm rau tsim kom muaj qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov kab mob no, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau sim thiab qhia meej txog cov leukocytes hauv tib neeg cov ntshav.
Pathophysiology ntawm impaired ntshav lipid thauj
Hauv qhov no peb tab tom tham txog kev txhim kho ntawm hyperlipoproteinemia. Muaj kev ua txhaum ntawm kev thauj mus los ntawm lipids hauv tib neeg lub cev. Thauj hyperlipemia tuaj yeem tsim tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm qhov tseeb tias glycogen depletion tshwm sim hauv daim siab. Yog vim li cas rau qhov no tej zaum yuav yog kev loj hlob ntawm ntshav qab zib los yog kev tshaib kev nqhis. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov no ua rau kev tsim ntawm adrenaline, thyroxine thiab lwm yam khoom. Yog tias cov ntaub so ntswg adipose accumulates sab nraum cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm tib lub npe, qhov no ua rau infiltration. Nrog rau cov txheej txheem ib txhij ntawm protoplasm ntawm cov hlwb, dystrophy tshwm sim. RauQhov no tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev txo qis hauv enzymes ntawm pawg oxidative thiab hydrolytic.
Tus mob no yuav tshwm sim los ntawm lub siab lipogenesis. Tsis tas li ntawd, pathology tsim tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm kev muaj zog ntawm cov txheej txheem oxidative hauv lub cev. Tsis tas li ntawd, ib qho mob ua rau muaj mob thaum lipolysis ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg adipose nce.
Yog tias cov tsos mob ntxhov siab tshwm sim, koj yuav tsum nrhiav kev qhia ntawm tus kws tshaj lij. Tsuas yog tom qab ua tiav tag nrho cov kev ntsuam xyuas tsim nyog, tus kws kho mob yuav tuaj yeem kuaj xyuas qhov tseeb thiab sau cov kev kho mob zoo tshaj plaws lossis kev tiv thaiv (nrog rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov kab mob ib ntus).
