Raws li kev txheeb cais, cov xwm txheej ntawm oncology thiab cov txheej txheem dysplastic hauv thaj tsam hauv siab tau sau tseg txhua xyoo hauv ntiaj teb. Hauv thawj qhov chaw raws li WHO yog sternum mob qog noj ntshav hauv cov poj niam. Tus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg tuag los ntawm cov kab mob no yog siab heev. Qhov no yog vim qhov kev tshawb pom lig ntawm kev mob qog noj ntshav. Raws li kws kho mob, kev tuag tuaj yeem zam tau yog tias kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas ntawm cov pej xeem (kev tshuaj xyuas tiv thaiv) tau ua ntau thiab tsis tu ncua.
Kev pov thawj kev pheej hmoo
Qhov kev xav txog kev loj hlob ntawm lub mis oncology yog raws li kev xav thiab kev coj ua ntawm ntau yam hauv nws txoj kev loj hlob. Cov no suav nrog:
- poj niam hnub nyoog - 50-55 xyoo. Cov kws tshaj lij Asmeskas tau pom tias pawg neeg no muaj feem yuav muaj tus kabmob no ntau dua;
- raug hluav taws xob nthwv dej tom qab tau txais kev kho hluav taws xob (hauv sternum) lossis nyob hauv thaj chaw muaj kev phom sij;
- rog dhau (obesity);
- genetic mutation;
- tsev neeg keeb kwm - cov neeg txheeb ze twb mob cancer mis;
-lig menopause, tom qab hnub nyoog 55;
- pib tshwm sim ntxov ntxov (thaum ntxov tshaj 12 xyoos);
- HRT (hormone replacement therapy) tom qab menopause;
- pawg pheej hmoo suav nrog cov poj niam uas yug thawj zaug tom qab hnub nyoog 35;
- haus cawv;
- comorbidities: ntshav qab zib mellitus, hypothyroidism, kub siab.
Ib qho ntawm cov kab mob txaus ntshai tshaj plaws uas kws kho mob xav txog fibrocystic mastopathy. Mob qog noj ntshav hauv cov poj niam tuaj yeem kuaj pom thaum ntxov ntawm nws txoj kev loj hlob nrog kev pab ntawm mammography, MRI thiab ultrasound. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev tshuaj xyuas tus kheej tsis tu ncua yuav pab txhawm rau txheeb xyuas cov kab mob pathological thaum ntxov thiab tiv thaiv metastases.
Tumor types
Muaj ntau hom mob qog noj ntshav mis: diffuse thiab nodular. Daim ntawv thib ob tau kuaj pom tau yooj yim dua los ntawm qhov pom ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm daim duab kho mob. Cov cim qhia feem ntau suav nrog cov kev hloov pauv hauv qab no: cov pob nodular uas yuav hloov, thim rov qab, thiab shrivel.
Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv diffuse, muaj qhov nce hauv qhov kub thiab txias yam tsis muaj laj thawj, o, thickening, redness ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab ib tug pronounced vascular network nyob ib ncig ntawm lub areola ntawm lub txiv mis. Yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo kuaj xyuas thiab saib xyuas kev kuaj mob qog noj ntshav hauv cov poj niam.
Symptoms of cancer mis
Txhua cov cim qhia hauv qab no tsis yog ib txwm qhia tias muaj cov txheej txheem dysplastic. Hauv lwm cov kab mob, cov tsos mob no kuj yog yam ntxwv (o ntawm cov tav, Paget's cancer). Txhua qhov kev hloov pauv yuav tsum txhawb kom koj uakev kuaj tag nrho. Kev thov rov hais dua raws sijhawm rau tus kws kho mob oncologist-mammologist yuav tiv thaiv qhov tshwm sim loj. Koj yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob yog:
- ntawm palpation, muaj qhov hloov chaw ntawm qhov chaw (ua txhaum ntawm lub hauv siab contour);
- nrhiav pom cov duab pob nrog fuzzy contours nyob ze ntawm lub txiv mis lossis armpits;
- hloov ntawm cov qauv ntawm daim tawv nqaij, o thiab cov nyhuv ntawm "txiv qaub tev";
- thaum kuaj los ntawm kws kho mob, nruj ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg subcutaneous yog txiav txim siab;
- txiv mis retraction;
- tev, khaus thiab liab ntawm lub txiv mis;
- o ntawm lub caj pas mammary;
- qhov tsim ntawm qhov txhab (qhia txog theem siab);
- kos npe ntawm deformation;
- cov qog ntshav o.
Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej nyuaj, tus kws kho mob siv cov kev kuaj mob ntxiv kom nkag siab txog theem ntawm mob qog noj ntshav hauv cov poj niam: MRI, biopsy, thermography thiab ultrasound.
Yuav kho li cas?
Cov qog nqaij hlav ntawm lub sternum feem ntau raug cuam tshuam los ntawm kev phais. Ntau yam nyob ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov qog, qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev kuaj mob histological, qib ntawm kev loj hlob thiab qhov loj me. Thaum teeb tsa qhov kev ceeb toom ceeb toom nrog cov metastases, tus kws kho mob tshem tawm cov qog nqaij hlav hauv cov poj niam.
Kev ua haujlwm yog tsom rau kev txiav tawm ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav cancer hauv txheej txheej ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg tsim lossis tshem tawm cov qog mammary. Tab sis ua ntej cov kauj ruam nyuaj no, tus kws kho mob yuav sim txhua txoj hauv kev los rhuav tshem cov qog nqaij hlav cancer. Chemotherapy tau muabhormonal thiab radiation therapy.
Thawj, thib ob thiab thib peb theem ntawm oncology tsuas yog raug kev phais mob los tiv thaiv kev rov tshwm sim dua. Daim ntawv thib plaub yog qhov txaus ntshai tshaj plaws, tsis haum rau kev ntsuas kev kho mob. Nco ntsoov, mob qog noj ntshav hauv cov poj niam tseem yog qhov teeb meem feem ntau thiab tsis tau kawm. Nws tsis muaj raws nraim tib yam etiological puag.
