DPT tshuaj tiv thaiv yog ib txoj hauv kev niaj hnub thiab txhim khu kev qha los tiv thaiv ntau yam kab mob txaus ntshai. Kev txhaj tshuaj yog ua kom tus menyuam tsis txhob muaj kab mob diphtheria, hnoos hawb pob, tetanus. Nws yog paub los ntawm keeb kwm ntawm cov tshuaj hais tias thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem, txhua tus menyuam thib tsib tau mob diphtheria, nyob rau hauv ib nrab ntawm cov teeb meem provoked ib tug tuag tshwm sim. Tetanus tua 85% ntawm cov neeg mob. Tam sim no, cov tib neeg hauv lub tebchaws uas tsis tau them los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv thoob ntiaj teb tseem raug kev txom nyem los ntawm cov kab mob no, uas ua rau yuav luag ib feem peb ntawm ib lab tus tib neeg tuag txhua xyoo. Tsis tas li ntawd, ua ntej qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv DPT hauv arsenal ntawm kws kho mob, hnoos hawb pob tau nqa mus txog 95% ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv lub ntiaj teb. Tus kab mob no txaus ntshai tshwj xeeb rau cov menyuam yaus thiab tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem thiab tuag.
Kuv puas xav tau qhov no?
Txoj kev tsim tshuaj tiv thaiv DTP tau pab tiv thaiv tus kabmob kis thoob ntiaj teb. Cov kab mob sib kis, uas nws txuag tau, tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim nyob rau xyoo tas los no tshaj li kaum xyoo dhau los. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, muaj qhov tsis txaus ntseeg, raws li ntau tus ntseeg, qhov xwm txheej: tag nrho cov kev txav ntawm cov neeg tawm tsam raug tsim tawm tsamkev siv tshuaj tiv thaiv. Cov niam txiv ntseeg hais tias kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv tsuas yog ua rau tus menyuam raug mob xwb, thiab cov kev pheej hmoo cuam tshuam nrog nws tsis tsim nyog rau lub tswm ciab, vim tias cov kab mob uas cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yuav tsum tiv thaiv twb tau swb lawm. Hmoov tsis zoo, tej yam tsis yooj yim li ib tus xav ntseeg.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv DTP yog ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv adsorbed uas tso cai rau koj los tiv thaiv tus menyuam ib txhij los ntawm peb kab mob txaus ntshai ib zaug. Nws yog tsim los tiv thaiv ob qho tib si pathologies thiab qhov tshwm sim, cov teeb meem uas lawv tuaj yeem ua tau. Tam sim no, kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv tau ua tiav hauv ntau lub tebchaws ntawm peb lub ntiaj teb. Cov khoom tseem ceeb - tetanus toxoids, purified diphtheria toxoids, inactivated pertussis elements.
Nyob hauv peb lub tebchaws, kev txhaj tshuaj DTP (cov tshuaj tiv thaiv) yog ob hom: tsim los ntawm cov tuam txhab tshuaj hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws. Ob txoj kev xaiv tau dav siv. Cov qub yog pheej yig dua thiab yooj yim dua, tab sis cov khoom txawv teb chaws zoo li muaj kev ntseeg siab rau ntau yam.
Nws ua haujlwm li cas?
Lub tswv yim tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv DTP: cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ua rau tus menyuam lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, ua rau muaj lus teb tshwj xeeb. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, yog tias tus me nyuam ntsib cov kab mob sib kis, lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob yuav tam sim ntawd paub txog qhov muaj kev phom sij thiab rhuav tshem nws ua ntej kev kis mob hnyav. Yuav luag tam sim ntawd tom qab kev qhia txog kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm co toxins rau hauv lub cev, cov ntsiab lus ntawm microbes pib ua haujlwm zoo ib yam li cov xwm txheej rau kev txhim kho tus kab mob, uas txhais tau hais tias cov khoom tiv thaiv, phagocytes, tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, interferons tau qhib. Raws li kev soj ntsuam mus sij hawm ntev tau pom, xws licov nyhuv tso cai rau koj kom tau txais kev tiv thaiv ruaj khov, txhim khu kev qha, yog li yav tom ntej tus menyuam yuav tsis ntshai kis kab mob.
Thaum xaiv qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv DTP zoo tshaj plaws, muaj ob hom tseem ceeb los txiav txim siab:
- cellless form;
- cellular.
thawj qhov kev xaiv suav nrog kev hnoos hawb pob hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas tau dhau los ua kev huv huv, nrog rau cov kab mob tetanus toxoids, diphtheria. Tag nrho cov molecules no yuav yog qhov chaw ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, uas txhais tau hais tias thaum ntsib nrog tus kab mob pertussis, cov kev cuam tshuam sab yuav tsawg heev. Thaum xaiv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv DTP twg zoo dua los ntawm pawg no, koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo saib ntawm Pentaxim thiab Infanrix kev npaj.
Cellular - cov no yog DTP variants uas muaj cov kab mob pertussis tuag, toxoids (diphtheria, tetanus). Feem ntau, daim ntawv no provokes phiv ntau dua, thiab lawv qhov hnyav yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj thaum xaiv cov kev xaiv tau piav qhia saum toj no.
Txhua yam muaj nws lub sijhawm
Txawm hais tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv Lavxias lossis cov tshuaj tiv thaiv DPT (Pentaxim lossis Infanrix) raug siv, cov txheej txheem yuav siv tau tsuas yog ua tiav raws li lub sijhawm teem tseg. Nws tau tsim los ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb uas txheeb xyuas cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov lus teb ntawm lub cev ntawm cov menyuam yaus rau cov kab mob.
thawj txhaj yog muab thaum muaj hnub nyoog peb hlis. Xws li lub sijhawm ntxov yog piav qhia los ntawm qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm kev cia siab ntawm menyuam yaus kev tiv thaiv ntawm niam txiv onanism: thawj 60 hnub txij thaum yug los, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob kis los ntawm leej niam muaj nyob hauv tus menyuam lub cev, tab sis tom qab lub sijhawm no kev tiv thaiv ploj mus.
Kev txhaj tshuaj thawj zaug tuaj yeem ua tauua los ntawm kev xaiv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv Lavxias DTP, tab sis koj tuaj yeem nres ntawm cov ntawv xa tawm. Txawm li cas los xij yog txiav txim siab, cov niam txiv yuav tsum paub txog qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm tus menyuam lub cev rau cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg. Qhov nruab nrab, cov tshuaj hauv tsev feem ntau ua rau cov lus teb tsis zoo.
thawj zaug siv tshuaj tiv thaiv DTP yog qhia thaum muaj hnub nyoog txog plaub xyoos, suav nrog. Yog tias lub sijhawm no tseem tsis tau txhaj tshuaj, tus menyuam tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv Td.
Txoj kev kawm
Yog tias cov tshuaj tau siv raws sijhawm, theem tom ntej - raws li nws mus txog 4, 5 lub hlis (qhia txog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv DTP tau qhia 45 hnub tom qab pib txhaj tshuaj). Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv los ntawm kev tiv thaiv kab mob yog txhim kho. Txhawm rau txo qhov tsis zoo, nws tsim nyog siv cov tshuaj tib yam uas tau siv thawj zaug. Cov kws kho mob saib xyuas: yog tias thawj qhov kev txhaj tshuaj ua rau muaj qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv atypically, ib qho kev sib xyaw uas tsis suav nrog cov hnoos hawb pob yog siv rau kev txhaj tshuaj thib ob.
theem thib peb ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj yog thaum muaj hnub nyoog rau lub hlis. Raws li kev kho mob qhia, txawm tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv DPT zoo nyob rau theem no feem ntau ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo rau tus menyuam lub cev.
kauj ruam kawg yog thaum muaj hnub nyoog ib nrab. Qhov kev txhaj tshuaj no tau yooj yim zam los ntawm cov menyuam yaus feem ntau, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hnyav yog qhov tsawg heev.
txhawm rau tswj kev tiv thaiv kab mob, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau txhaj tshuaj rau hauv lub cev ib ntus. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv txawv teb chaws thiab hauv tsev tuaj yeem siv tau. DTP tshwm sim thaum muaj hnub nyoog rau rau thiab kaum tsib. Koj yuav tsum nco ntsoov:tsuas yog ua raws li tag nrho cov lus qhia ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom thiab tus kws kho mob, nrog rau lub sijhawm, yog tus yuam sij rau kev ua haujlwm tau zoo.
Npaj theem
Yuav kom tsis txhob ntsib teeb meem ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv DTP, nws tsim nyog los npaj tus menyuam ua ntej txhaj tshuaj. Tshwj xeeb, koj tuaj yeem txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsis haum tshuaj yog tias koj tsis siv cov vitamin D ob peb hnub ua ntej kev txhaj tshuaj, tam sim ntawd ua ntej qhov kev tshwm sim, tus me nyuam tau txais cov tshuaj tsis haum tshuaj (antihistamines), nrog rau calcium gluconate. Tshuaj txuas ntxiv rau plaub hnub tom qab txhaj tshuaj.
Txhua yam tshuaj tiv thaiv DTP yog siv - Fabkis, Belgian, hauv tsev - nws tuaj yeem ua rau kub siab. Txhawm rau txo qhov mob ntawm tus menyuam, ob peb teev tom qab kev tswj hwm ntawm cov tshuaj, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kub taub hau yog siv.
koob tshuaj txhua yam tshuaj siv los npaj txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm yuav tsum raug xaiv los ntawm tus kws kho mob, tsom mus rau tus menyuam tus mob, tus yam ntxwv ntawm tus kheej, thiab qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm lub cev cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
Tshuaj tiv thaiv nuances
Cov lus qhia rau kev siv tshuaj tiv thaiv DPT (txhua qhov chaw tsim khoom) qhia tias ib koob tshuaj yog 0.5 ml. Ua ntej pib txheej txheem, lub ampoule yog rhuab mus rau qhov kub ntawm tib neeg lub cev, ces sib tov kom txog thaum cov khoom ua homogeneous.
Yog tias tsis tuaj yeem txhaj tshuaj thib ob raws sijhawm, cov tshuaj yuav tsum tau txhaj sai li sai tau thaum tus menyuam tus mob tso cai. Cov txheej txheem tswj nws tus kheej yuav tsum tau ua raws li cov qauv ntawm kev huv, huv, asepsis,tshuaj tua kab mob. Yog tias lub ampoule tau qhib, tab sis rau qee qhov laj thawj nws tsis tuaj yeem siv cov tshuaj, nws yuav tsum tau muab pov tseg. Kev khaws cia ntawm cov khoom nyob rau hauv ib qho qhib ampoule yog nruj me ntsis txwv tsis pub.
Yog tus menyuam twb tau hnoos hawb pob lawm, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv DPT tsis haum rau nws. Hloov chaw, siv tshuaj ADS.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb ua raws li cov cai ntawm kev siv thiab ceev faj thaum xaiv cov tshuaj. Rau kev txhaj tshuaj, cov tshuaj tsis siv yog tias lub txee lub neej ntawm cov khoom tau tas sij hawm, kev ncaj ncees ntawm ampoule tawg, lossis cov khoom raug khaws cia hauv qhov tsis raug, txawv ntawm cov neeg tsim khoom pom zoo. Tsis txhob siv DTP yog tias cov tshuaj tau ntim rau hauv cov ampoules tsis muaj cim lossis cov ntsiab lus sab hauv tau txais ib qho ntxoov ntxoo, cov nag lossis daus tau tshwm sim uas tsis yaj thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm tau piav qhia saum toj no.
subtleties ntawm daim ntawv thov
Tam sim tom qab txhaj tshuaj, qhov tseeb no tau sau tseg rau hauv daim ntawv tshwj xeeb. Tus kws saib xyuas neeg mob lub luag haujlwm nkag mus rau hnub tim txheej txheem, qhia txog qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv DTP, cov chaw tsim khoom ntawm cov tshuaj, hnub tas sij hawm, koob, tus naj npawb ntawm cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb siv.
Kev txhaj tshuaj yuav tsum tau ua rau cov leeg nqaij. Nrog rau kev tswj xyuas kom raug, cov khoom sib txuas tau sai sai, thiab cov lus teb los ntawm kev tiv thaiv kab mob yog tsim kom raug. Ua ntej qhov kev taw qhia ntawm cov muaj pes tsawg leeg, thaj tsam ntawm daim tawv nqaij uas nws tau npaj los ua ib qho kev txhaj tshuaj yog tshuaj tua kab mob nrog cawv. Thaum muaj hnub nyoog qis dua rau lub hlis, koob tshuaj DTP yuav tsum tau txhaj tshuaj raws li cov lus qhia hauv cov leeg pob txha. Rau cov menyuam yaus, qhov pom zoo rau lwm qhov chaw ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj yog cov leeg brachial deltoid.
Yog ua tauKev taw qhia ntawm cov tshuaj rau hauv cov leeg nqaij gluteal yuav tsum zam. Muaj kev pheej hmoo siab ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau cov hlab ntsha sciatic, txawm tias qhov xwm txheej tau ua los ntawm tus kws saib xyuas neeg mob.
Txhaj tshuaj tiav: dab tsi ntxiv?
Tom qab txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv DTP, cov menyuam yaus raug tso tseg ib nrab teev ntawm thaj chaw kho mob. Yog tias kev siv tshuaj ua rau muaj kev tsis haum tshuaj hnyav, cov kws kho mob yuav muaj peev xwm muab kev pabcuam tsim nyog rau tus menyuam. Tom qab ntawd, cov niam txiv thiab tus menyuam raug tso tawm. Ib zaug nyob hauv tsev, yuav tsum tau muab tshuaj rau tus menyuam kom kub taub hau. Cov tshuaj uas muaj paracetamol raug pom zoo. Syrups yog haum rau cov me nyuam me, tab sis tswm ciab siv tau. Tsis tas yuav tos kom qhov kub thiab txias - cov tshuaj siv ib teev lossis ob zaug tom qab kev qhia txog tshuaj tiv thaiv. Tsis ntev ua ntej yuav pw tsaug zog, koj tuaj yeem muab nyiaj rau menyuam yaus uas nres cov txheej txheem inflammatory (lawv tuaj yeem ua rau raug mob los ntawm kev qhia txog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv DPT). Cov npe nrov tshaj plaws:
- Nurofen.
- "Nimesulide".
Yog tias tshuaj tiv thaiv ua rau kub taub hau, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog kom tsis txhob taug kev ib ntus. Nyob rau hnub ntawm kev tswj hwm ntawm cov tshuaj, zaws, cov txheej txheem dej yuav tsum raug zam. Cov niam txiv yuav tsum tswj tus mob, tus cwj pwm ntawm tus menyuam, xyuas qhov kub thiab txias.
rov txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv
Txij li cov kab mob uas DTP tiv thaiv yog qhov txaus ntshai tsis yog rau cov menyuam yaus xwb, tab sis kuj rau cov neeg laus, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau rov los txhaj tshuaj ib ntus. Qhov no yuav tso cai rau koj los tswj cov concentration ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hauv cov hlab ntsha. Raws li tuaj yeem pom los ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas, cov kws kho mob pom zoo kom txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv DTPtsuas yog rau cov menyuam yaus xwb, tab sis ADS-M yuav tsum ua txhua xyoo caum txij li hnub nyoog 24 xyoos. Qhov no yog vim qhov hnoos hawb pob muaj kev nyab xeeb rau tus neeg laus noj qab nyob zoo.
Los ntawm kev txiav txim siab tsis quav ntsej txog kev txhaj tshuaj tom ntej, yog li tus neeg ua rau nws tus kheej muaj kev pheej hmoo kis tus kab mob. Txawm li cas los xij, txawm tias koj yuav tsum tau nrog cov kab mob, tus kab mob yuav kis mus rau hauv daim ntawv me me yog tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv DTP tau xa yav dhau los. Kev tshuaj xyuas tau lees paub: ua raws li lub sijhawm pom zoo los ntawm cov kws kho mob tshwj xeeb tso cai rau koj los tiv thaiv teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv tseem ceeb, raug nqi ntshav me me.
Qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo: yuav npaj li cas?
Hom tshuaj tiv thaiv DPT - reactogenic. Cov pab pawg no suav nrog cov tshuaj, txij li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv luv luv tau pom nyob hauv cuaj ntawm kaum tus menyuam yaus uas tau txais cov tshuaj. Cov teebmeem yog hauv zos, tab sis tej zaum yuav muaj cov lus teb. Feem ntau, cov txiaj ntsig tsis zoo tau pom nyob rau thawj peb hnub tom qab kev qhia txog cov tshuaj rau hauv cov leeg nqaij.
Yog tias qhov kev tawm tsam tsis zoo tshwm sim tom qab lub sijhawm no, qhov laj thawj tsis yog tshuaj tiv thaiv DTP, tab sis qee qhov lwm yam. Qhov twg, tus kws kho mob yuav hais tau - koj yuav tau teem sijhawm thiab qhia tus menyuam mob.
Ib txwm, txaus qhov cuam tshuam tsis zoo ntawm kev tswj hwm tshuaj tiv thaiv:
- heat;
- mob hauv qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj;
- kev ua txhaum ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub caj dab uas tau txhaj tshuaj.
Tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj, ua npaws tuaj yeem kav ntev txog peb hnub. Yuav luag txhua tus neeg uas tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv qhov tshwm sim ntawm lub cev,Yog li, cov kws kho mob pom zoo kom pom qhov tshwm sim ua ntej thiab khaws cov tshuaj uas muaj paracetamol. Lawv raug muab rau hauv ib teev lossis ob zaug tom qab kev qhia txog DTP. Yog tias qhov kub tau nce mus txog 38 degrees, tab sis tsis ntau, tswm ciab los ntawm cov cua sov tuaj yeem siv ua ntej mus pw. Yog tias qhov ntsuas no dhau lawm, cov tshuaj syrups tshwj xeeb yuav pab tau, uas nres cov txheej txheem inflammatory uas cov tshuaj tiv thaiv DTP tuaj yeem ua rau. Cov npe ntawm cov tshuaj nrov tau hais los saum toj no. Feem ntau siv rau "Nurofen".
Qhov tshwm sim thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tshem tawm
Yog tias qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj yog mob, o, liab ntawm daim tawv nqaij, nws tsim nyog siv cov cawv compress. Qhov no yuav txo qhov tsis xis nyob thiab yuav tsis ua mob lossis txo qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov tshuaj.
Kev ua txhaum ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub limb vim yog cov leeg nqaij me me. Vim li no, cov tshuaj yog qhov tsis zoo absorbed (piv nrog cov txheej txheem tshwm sim hauv lub cev ntawm tus neeg laus). Yog li ntawd, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv DTP tuaj yeem ua rau ib ntus ntuav, mob taug kev. Txhawm rau txo qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los so cov chaw cuam tshuam nrog cov phuam sov, maj mam zaws ceg.
Tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj, tus menyuam yuav tsis muaj zog, yws tias nws lub taub hau mob. Muaj peev xwm ua txhaum ntawm lub rooj zaum, pw tsaug zog. Qee cov menyuam yaus ua npaws, chim siab thiab ntxhov siab heev. Rau qee qhov, nws tuaj yeem tiv thaiv qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo los ntawm lub plab zom mov yog tias koj tsis pub tus menyuam noj ib thiab ib nrab teev ua ntej kev qhia txog cov muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab tib lub sijhawm tom qab cov txheej txheem. Yog tias pom cov quav xoob,tus menyuam tau txais kev nyab xeeb sorbents pom zoo siv thaum muaj hnub nyoog sib tw. Feem ntau lawv tuaj yeem siv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob lossis "Smecta", tab sis koj tuaj yeem siv "Enterosgel".
Qee tus menyuam poob qab los, tsis kam noj, thiab lwm tus neeg hnoos. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no feem ntau piav qhia los ntawm lub caij ntawm hnoos hawb pob, ua ke nrog lwm yam tshuaj. hnoos nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv ob peb hnub (mus txog plaub) tom qab kev qhia txog cov khoom. Yog tias qhov tshwm sim thab koj ntev dua, nws tsim nyog qhia tus menyuam rau tus kws kho mob. Tej zaum tus kab mob tsis cuam tshuam txog kev txhaj tshuaj.
Thaum kawg, kev tsis haum tshuaj tuaj yeem ua tau, suav nrog pob pob. Cov tawv nqaij tshwm sim ploj tom qab ob peb hnub. Yog tias qhov chaw kho mob khaus khaus heev, tuaj yeem siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob.
Tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab tshuaj tiv thaiv
Txhua qhov kev xaiv teb feem ntau muab faib ua peb pawg:
- tsis muaj zog;
- medium;
- hnyav.
Hauv thawj kis, tus menyuam tsis xis nyob, qhov kub nce mus rau qib subfebrile. Nrog rau qhov nruab nrab cov lus teb, lub xeev ntawm kev noj qab haus huv yog pronouncedly phem, tab sis qhov kub tsis siab tshaj 38 degrees. Tus menyuam tsis coj zoo li qub. Qhov teeb meem nyuaj tshaj plaws yog qhov kev teb hnyav rau kev txhaj tshuaj. Tus me nyuam tsis noj, tsis xis nyob, thiab kub nce mus rau 39 degrees. Yog tias qhov kub siab tshaj 40 degrees thiab siab dua, DTP tsis siv yav tom ntej, ATP raug xaiv hloov.
Cov kws kho mob nco ntsoov tias tom qab txhaj tshuaj tom ntej, qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau cov tshuaj feem ntau yog me ntsis tsis muaj zog ntawm lub cev tag nrho, tab sis hauv zosmanifestations ntawm lub sij hawm mus rau lub sij hawm yuav cuam tshuam ntau. Kev txhaj tshuaj thib peb ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo tshaj plaws, tab sis qhov thib plaub yog qhov yooj yim rau zam.
Kev nyuaj siab
DTP paub tias ua rau muaj mob hnyav rau menyuam yaus. Hauv qhov xwm txheej zoo li no, xav tau kev pab sai los ntawm tus kws kho mob uas tsim nyog. Nws tau tsim muaj kev ntseeg siab los ntawm kev soj ntsuam tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tuaj yeem ua rau:
- dermatitis;
- angioedema;
- qis siab;
- tsis muaj ntshav txaus rau lub cev tseem ceeb;
- anaphylactic shock;
- convulsions tsis kub taub hau (qhia kev puas tsuaj rau lub paj hlwb).
Koj tuaj yeem pom qhov txo qis yog tias daim tawv nqaij tig daj ntseg, caj dab txias, thiab tus menyuam tsis muaj zog.
Tej yam tshwm sim qhia tias mob encephalitis. Kev txheeb cais qhia tias qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm qhov tshwm sim yog ib qho ntawm 300,000 tus neeg mob. Kev tshwm sim:
- quaj tsis tu ncua (txog 4 teev);
- tsim ntawm pob ntawm qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj (qhov loj me - ntau dua 8 cm inch);
- kub txog 40 degrees thiab siab dua, tsis txo los ntawm cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb.
Ib nrab ntawm ib lab txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hauv lub hlwb, txha caj qaum.
Tsis pub dhau
Daim ntawv teev cov contraindications paub txog DTP. Kev tsis saib xyuas lawv tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev loj hlob ntawm cov lus teb hnyav ntawm lub cev, yog li nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account tsim kev txwv. Cov neeg tsim khoom yuav tsum tshaj tawm cov npe ntawm contraindications hauv cov lus qhia rau kev siv.kev siv tshuaj. Nws yuav tsum tau nyeem los ntawm niam txiv thiab tus kws saib xyuas neeg mob saib xyuas tus txheej txheem.
Nws tsis tuaj yeem muab kev txhaj tshuaj nrog cov yam ntxwv hauv qab no ntawm tus menyuam tus mob:
- tuberculosis;
- pronounced immunodeficiency;
- mob hnyav CNS;
- teeb meem ntshav txhaws;
- yav dhau los kev ua xua rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv;
- keeb kwm convulsive;
- kab mob siab (txhua daim ntawv);
- hypersensitivity rau ib qho ntawm cov tshuaj siv los tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
Koj tsis tuaj yeem ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv DTP yog tias, thaum lub sijhawm tswj hwm zaum kawg, cov khoom xyaw ua rau kub taub hau txog 40 degrees lossis ntau dua lossis ua rau muaj pob loj ntawm qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj (8 cm inch lossis ntau dua).
Txhua yam ntawm cov npe contraindications yog qhov tseeb, yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account yam tsis muaj kev poob, thiab kev tshem tawm, yog tias muaj, yog rau lub neej.
Cov txheeb ze contraindications yog ua tau, uas cov txheej txheem rau kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv yog hloov los ntawm ob mus rau peb lub lis piam. Cov no suav nrog:
- mob kis kab mob;
- heat;
- mob hnyav zuj zus;
- cim kev lom;
- mob epigastric, quav quav;
- kev tshaib plab;
- muaj zog ntxhov siab.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis tau muab yog tias tus menyuam yaus mob hniav.
Type of drug
Feem ntau, cov txheej txheem npaj yog ua los ntawm kev siv tshuaj hauv tsev. Nws yog pheej yig dua, nws muaj nyob rau hauv txhua lub nroog hauv peb lub teb chaws, thiab tus nqikuj qis. Txawm li cas los xij, cov niam txiv muaj cai xaiv: koj tuaj yeem yuav cov tshuaj tuaj yeem. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv DTP yog muag hauv cov npe hauv qab no:
- ADS.
- DPT.
- Pentaxim.
- Infanrix.
Txhua qhov kev sau muaj nws tus kheej tshwj xeeb. Nws ntseeg tau tias cov khoom lag luam tuaj txawv teb tau yooj yim dua los ntawm lub cev thiab tsis tshua muaj kev phom sij.
DTP
Lub hauv paus ntawm cov tshuaj no tsis muaj tsawg tshaj li ib puas billion tus hnoos hawb pob nyob rau hauv daim ntawv inactivated. Diphtheria toxoid muaj nyob rau hauv tus nqi ntawm 15 flocculating units, thiab tetanus yog peb zaug tsawg dua. Cov chaw tsim khoom tau nthuav tawm cov khoom siv sib xyaw ua ke rau hauv cov khoom - merthiolate.
DTP tam sim no tsis tau muag hauv khw muag tshuaj, yog li cov khoom sib xyaw tsis tuaj yeem yuav dawb. Cov tshuaj yog tsim los ntawm ib tug kws tshuaj nyob rau hauv tsev. DTP muaj nyob rau hauv ampoules uas muaj kev ncua ntawm ib tug dawb, me ntsis greyish xim. Cov tshuaj yog npaj los txhaj rau hauv cov leeg. Cov chaw tsim khoom kos xim rau qhov tseeb tias ib txwm muaj huab cua nag los tsim, uas yaj tag nrho cov huab hwm coj thaum shaken.
Infanrix
Cov tshuaj kuj muaj raws li kev ncua kev txhaj tshuaj rau tus menyuam cov leeg. Cov tshuaj tau tsim los ntawm lub tuam txhab tshuaj Belgian thiab tau ntim rau hauv cov ampoules pov tseg. Txhua lub thawv muaj 0.5 ml ntawm cov tshuaj. Infarix yog tsim nyog rau ob qho tib si thawj zaug thiab tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. Cov chaw tsim khoom qhia txog qhov tshwm sim tsis zooKhoom siv:
- fever (hauv peb hnub);
- o, liab ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntawm qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj;
- kua muag;
- pab siab;
- mob ntawm lub cev ENT;
- kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev ua haujlwm, tsis xis nyob hauv cov ceg uas tau txhaj tshuaj;
- ua xua.
Tsawg kawg ib qho ntawm cov kev mob tshwm sim no tshwm sim nyob rau cuaj ntawm kaum tus menyuam yaus tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv thawj zaug.
Txhawm rau txo tus me nyuam tus mob, tsis ntev tom qab txhaj tshuaj, muab tshuaj ua npaws thiab tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. Yog tias qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj yog o thiab o, compresses pab.
Nws txwv tsis pub siv cov khoom sib xyaw yog tias:
- kub nce;
- kuaj pom kab mob;
- muaj lus hais txog kev mob hnyav hauv keeb kwm kho mob;
- txiav hniav.
Tsis ntev los no, ob peb cov tshuaj sib xyaw ua ke tau tsim los ua ke uas muab kev tiv thaiv plaub lossis ntau hom kab mob. Nrov yog "Infanrix IPV", "Infanrix Hexa". Thawj tso cai rau koj los tiv thaiv tsis tau tsuas yog cov kab mob uas DTP txuag los ntawm, tab sis kuj polio, thiab qhov thib ob kuj tiv thaiv Haemophilus influenzae, kab mob siab B.
Pentaxim
No analogue ntawm Lavxias DTP tshuaj tiv thaiv yog tsim los ntawm Fabkis lub tuam txhab tshuaj. Ntxiv rau cov kab mob tetanus, diphtheria toxoids thiab cov kab mob hnoos hawb pob, cov tshuaj muaj hemagglutinin, peb hom kab mob polio (cov kab mob tuag taus). Cov khoom zoo li kev ncua ntawm huab dawbntxoov ntxoo. Lub pob muaj ob lub koob txhaj tshuaj nrog cov tshuaj no thiab cov tshuaj hemophilic, uas tetanus toxoid sib xyaw. Ua ntej tus txheej txheem, tus nais maum tshuaj xyuas cov lus qhia rau cov khoom, sib tov tag nrho cov tshuaj, ua raws li cov chaw tsim tshuaj paus cov lus qhia, thiab qhia txog cov muaj pes tsawg leeg rau tus me nyuam.
Zoo li lwm yam kev xaiv tshuaj tiv thaiv DPT, Pentaxim tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qhov tsis zoo xws li:
- liab ntawm daim tawv nqaij, o, induration ntawm qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj;
- ua npaws ntev txog peb hnub;
- kua muag;
- chim siab;
- ua xua;
- thaum txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm ceg - luv luv lameness;
- poob qab los.
Los ntawm kev txheeb cais nws paub tias qhov kev cuam tshuam loj heev ntawm keeb kwm ntawm kev siv cov tshuaj Fabkis txoj tshwm sim tsis tshua muaj. Tag nrho cov kev phiv uas nws ua tau yooj yim tshem tawm los ntawm antihistamines, antipyretics. Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob ua kom tsis zoo, koj yuav tsum siv sijhawm ob peb hnub hauv tsev, zam cov txheej txheem dej.
ADS
Rau cov menyuam muaj hnub nyoog plaub xyoos thiab cov neeg laus, nws raug nquahu kom siv qhov kev tso tawm tshwj xeeb no. Nws muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tetanus thiab diphtheria, tab sis tsis muaj hnoos hawb pob, txij li thaum muaj hnub nyoog plaub xyoos feem ntau twb tiv thaiv kab mob. Kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv yuav tsum muaj zog thiab ua kom ntev lub peev xwm ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tiv thaiv nws tus kheej tiv thaiv cov kab mob uas ua rau tetanus, kab mob diphtheria. Kev txhaj tshuaj yog muab rau thaum muaj hnub nyoog 7 thiab 15 xyoos, tom qab ntawd lawv rov ua dua ntawm kaum xyoo.tag nrho lub neej. Nws paub los ntawm kev siv tshuaj kho mob tias qhov kev mob tshwm sim tsis zoo ntawm cov tshuaj yog me ntsis reddening ntawm daim tawv nqaij nyob rau hauv qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj, tab sis qhov tshwm sim hnyav dua tsis tshwm sim. ADS tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo heev.
