Cov neeg laus feem ntau muaj cov kab mob xws li mob caj dab ntawm lub hauv caug pob qij txha. Qhov no yog kab mob inflammatory uas muaj ntau yam ua rau. Lub hauv caug pob qij txha kuj loj. Kev mob tshwm sim tuaj yeem tshwm sim tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm rheumatism, gout thiab ntau lwm yam mob.
Kev kho tsis raug tuaj yeem ua rau poob ntawm kev ua haujlwm thiab tsis muaj zog ntawm lub hauv caug. Lub sijhawm ntev ntawm tus kab mob feem ntau ua rau muaj kev tsis taus. Kev kho mob yuav tsum ua kom tiav, nrog rau kev ua raws li txhua tus kws kho mob cov lus pom zoo.
Tus yam ntxwv ntawm tus kab mob
Kev txhim kho ntawm kev mob caj dab ntawm lub hauv caug pob qij txha feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog cov yam tsis muaj kab mob. Nws qhov txawv ntawm arthrosis nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb hais tias nws yog raws li o ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg, thiab tsis yog lawv kev puas tsuaj. Thaum mob caj dab tshwm sim, cov qauv nyob sab nraud thiab sab hauv cov leeg koom nrog hauv cov txheej txheem no.
Qhov tshwm sim ntau tshaj plaws tshwm sim rau cov neeg muaj hnub nyoog qis dua 30 xyoo. Txawm li cas los xij, cov ntaub so ntswg puas tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauvcov hluas. Ib lossis ob pob qij txha tuaj yeem koom nrog hauv cov txheej txheem pathological. Kev mob caj dab tuaj yeem mob hnyav lossis mob ntev.
Qhov mob tseem ceeb yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev raug mob lossis nkag mus rau hauv cov kab noj hniav ntawm cov kab mob. Daim ntawv thib ob tshwm sim los ntawm lwm yam kab mob thiab kab mob hauv lub cev. Tus kab mob no nrog rau qhov mob, mob, o.
hom tsiaj
Muaj ntau ntau hom mob hauv caug mob caj dab (kev kho mob hauv qab no), tab sis feem ntau hom yog:
- osteoarthritis;
- post-traumatic;
- reactive;
- rheumatoid;
- gouty;
- hnub;
- juvenile.
Arthrosis-kev mob caj dab ntawm lub hauv caug pob qij txha tsim tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm kev mob, thiab tib lub sijhawm, cov cim qhia ntawm cov txheej txheem sib kis hauv cov ntaub so ntswg, nrog rau kev hloov pauv dystrophic hauv cov leeg thiab pob txha, kuj tseem tuaj yeem tshwm sim. Daim ntawv tom qab raug mob tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev raug mob yav dhau los. Qhov no cuam tshuam qhov kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov pob txha mos articular. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, cov ntaub so ntswg mob tshwm sim.
Daim ntawv reactive ntawm chav kawm ntawm tus kab mob tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev kis kab mob los ntawm cov hnyuv. Rheumatoid mob caj dab ntawm lub hauv caug pob qij txha tshwm sim los ntawm cov kab mob autoimmune. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yuav yog ib qho teeb meem tom qab ib qho kev hloov angina yav dhau los. Qee zaum, daim ntawv rheumatoid hauv cov menyuam yaus yog tsim tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawmua xua los yog thyroid tsis ua haujlwm. Qhov xwm txheej tseem ceeb nyob hauv kev swb ntawm cov leeg nqaij.
Daim ntawv gouty yog tsim los ntawm kev tso cov ntsev, uas tshwm sim thaum muaj teeb meem metabolic. Qhov ua rau ntawm daim ntawv muaj hnub nyoog yog cov neeg kho tshuab hnav ntawm cov pob txha mos. Ib qho kev tshwm sim zoo sib xws tau pom hauv cov neeg laus. Cov menyuam yaus mob caj dab feem ntau tshwm sim hauv cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 8 xyoo. Nyob ntawm seb hom kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg, cov ntaub ntawv no tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv xws li:
- dry;
- serous;
- purulent;
- serous hemorrhagic.
Nyob ntawm seb hom arthrosis ntawm lub hauv caug pob qij txha, tej zaum yuav muaj ntau yam tsos mob. Tias yog vim li cas nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub txog qhov mob ntawm lub sijhawm thiab kho nws.
theem kev txhim kho
Muaj 3 degree ntawm kev mob caj dab ntawm lub hauv caug pob qij txha, tus yam ntxwv ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg puas. Nyob rau theem pib ntawm qhov kev tsis sib haum xeeb, qhov mob thiab qhov tsis xis nyob yog undulating thiab feem ntau cuam tshuam tus neeg mob thaum sawv ntxov lossis thaum huab cua hloov. Cov duab qhia pom cov pob txha nyias nyias, tuab ntawm cov leeg nqaij, nrog rau me ntsis nqaim ntawm qhov sib koom ua ke.
Nyob rau theem thib ob, kev hloov pauv pathological tau nthuav tawm ntau dua, thiab tseem muaj qhov mob thiab o ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg. Kev txav mus los ntawm txhais ceg yog txwv. Daim duab qhia txog kev ziab ntawm pob txha mos, yaig thiab nqaim ntawm lumen.
Thaum theem thib peb tshwm sim, muaj cov leeg nqaij mob hnyav, pob txha deformity, kev loj hlob sai ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg, nrog rau kev loj hlob.osteophytes. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj cov deposition ntsev nyob rau hauv cov pob qij txha. Cov ntaub so ntswg pob txha raug puas tsuaj heev. Yog tias tsis kho raws sij hawm, ces tus kab mob yuav mus ntev.
Kev tshwm sim
Kev mob caj dab ntawm lub hauv caug pob qij txha tuaj yeem txhim kho raws li tus kab mob ywj pheej lossis hauv cov kab mob sib kis. Muaj ntau ntau yam laj thawj uas vim li cas pathology tuaj yeem tshwm sim, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog, muaj ntau yam kab mob hauv lub cev ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam rau kev mob caj dab thib ob. Piv txwv li, lawv suav nrog xws li:
- psoriasis;
- kab mob siab;
- Ylupus erythematosus;
- Reiter's disease.
Kev loj hlob thiab kev kawm ntawm tus mob caj dab yog cuam tshuam los ntawm yam xws li:
- kis kab mob;
- ua xua;
- hypercooling ntawm lub cev;
- kev puas tsuaj.
Kab mob feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog kev raug mob. Ua rau tuaj yeem ua pob, tshuab. Qee zaum cov tsos mob ntawm lub hauv caug mob caj dab tshwm sim tom qab phais. Kev puas tsuaj tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev ua xua. Qhov no tshwm sim tom qab kev tswj hwm cov ntshav qab zib thiab tshuaj tiv thaiv, nrog rau kev noj qee yam tshuaj.
Cov tsos mob tseem ceeb
Cov tsos mob ntawm lub hauv caug mob caj dab tuaj yeem sib txawv. Tshwj xeeb, cov no suav nrog:
- pain;
- kub nce;
- reddening ntawm daim tawv nqaij;
- puffiness;
- kev nyuaj siab.
Cov no tsuas yog qee qhov cim qhia ntawm qhov mob. Nrog rau daim ntawv purulent, cov tsos mob ntawm mob caj dab thiab arthrosisLub hauv caug pob qij txha zoo sib xws thiab suav nrog:
- tsis muaj zog;
- mob leeg;
- fever;
- malaise.
Ntawm cov cim qhia ntxiv yog tawm hws, nruj ntawm kev txav, kev xav hnyav ntawm ob txhais ceg. Hauv tshwj xeeb yog qhov nyuaj thiab tsis saib xyuas, periarticular phlegmon tuaj yeem tsim, uas ua rau muaj kev phom sij txaus ntshai heev. Feem ntau muaj abscesses. Thaum tsis muaj kev kho mob raws sijhawm, kev xiam oob khab tuaj yeem tshwm sim, thiab tus kab mob no mus ntev.
Rheumatoid mob caj dab, uas yog kab mob sib txuas nrog cov kab mob sib koom ua ke, muaj ntau heev. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws tuaj yeem ua rau ankylosis. Lub hauv paus ntawm tus kab mob no tseem tsis tau tsim kom tiav. Xws li pathology muaj qee yam nta, tshwj xeeb, xws li:
- tsis kho nrog tshuaj tua kab mob;
- sib txawv ntawm qhov tshwm sim hnyav;
- tsis muaj caij nyoog;
- tshwm sim los ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav o thiab ua npaws.
Qhov hnyav ntawm cov paib feem ntau nyob ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm pathology. Cov cim tseem ceeb yog: qhov tawv nqaij tsis pub dhau 30 feeb, pob qij txha o, kub taub hau, mob.
Cov xim ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntawm lub hauv caug tsis hloov. Extra-articular manifestations muaj xws li tsim ntawm subcutaneous nodules, poob phaus, tsis muaj zog, o ntawm daim siab loj. Nyob rau theem pibCov pob qij txha me raug cuam tshuam.
Knee pob qij txha tuaj yeem cuam tshuam los ntawm psoriasis. Nrog rau cov pob qij txha, kev puas tsuaj rau cov rau tes thiab daim tawv nqaij raug pom. Kev kho mob nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yog tsom rau kev tshem tawm cov kab mob hauv qab. Qee zaum, mob caj dab lupus tuaj yeem tshwm sim. Nws txawv ntawm qhov tsis muaj qhov pom tseeb ntawm qhov mob. Qhov kub thiab ntxoov ntxoo ntawm daim tawv nqaij tsis hloov hlo li. o thiab mob tsis tuaj. Cov kev hloov pauv raug kuaj pom thaum kuaj ntsuas ntsuas. Los ntshav, kev puas tsuaj rau hauv nruab nrog cev, thiab plaub hau poob yuav tshwm sim.
Diagnostics
Yog tias koj muaj mob thiab o ntawm thaj tsam ntawm lub hauv caug pob qij txha, koj yuav tsum tau hu rau tus kws kho mob, kws kho mob orthopedist lossis kws phais. Txhawm rau kom paub tseeb tias mob arthrosis lossis mob caj dab ntawm lub hauv caug sib koom, tus kws kho mob tau sau ntau qhov kev tshawb fawb, uas yog:
- suav ntshav tag;
- tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob;
- ntshav biochemistry;
- kuaj tawv nqaij;
- Mantoux test;
- kuaj xyuas cov kua dej synovial.
Yog xav tias muaj kab mob tso zis, yuav tsum tau kuaj zis. Tsis tas li ntawd, ultrasound, tomography, x-rays yuav tsum tau. Tsuas yog nrog kev ntsuam xyuas dav dav tuaj yeem txiav txim siab yuav kho mob hauv caug mob caj dab li cas txhawm rau tiv thaiv qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov teeb meem txaus ntshai.
Txoj kev kho mob
Kev kho mob arthrosis thiab mob caj dab ntawm lub hauv caug pob qij txha yog ua nrog kev pab ntawm cov tshuajtshuaj, pej xeem txoj kev, kev kho mob ce, raws li zoo raws li physiotherapy. Rau kev kho mob, tshuaj xws li:
- tshuaj tua kab mob;
- tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob;
- Yglucocorticoids;
- cytostatics.
Kev xaiv tshuaj feem ntau nyob ntawm qhov ua rau tus kab mob. Yog hais tias qhov mob yog vim kab mob gonorrhea, ces siv cov tshuaj tua kab mob feem ntau. Yuav tsum tau immobilization ntawm qhov cuam tshuam kev sib koom ua ke thiab siv cov cua sov qhuav. Kev tawm dag zog yuav tsum tau kho kom rov ua haujlwm sib koom ua ke.
Kev kho mob rheumatoid mob caj dab ntawm lub hauv caug muaj nws tus yam ntxwv. Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev kho mob suav nrog kev siv tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, cytostatics, glucocorticoids. Thaum lub sij hawm tshem tawm, massage yog qhia. Txhawm rau kom rov zoo sai, nws yog qhov tsim nyog yuav tsum ua raws li kev noj zaub mov kom raug.
kev kho mob
Kev kho mob caj dab yog ua los ntawm kev siv tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, uas suav nrog cov tshuaj hormonal thiab ascorbic acid. Yog hais tias tus kab mob no provoked los ntawm ib tug kis tau tus mob, ces tshuaj tua kab mob. Cov tshuaj tseem ceeb hauv pab pawg no yog penicillins. Nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm qhov mob hnyav, kev siv cov tshuaj uas tsis yog-steroidal anti-inflammatory tshuaj yog qhia, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog, xws li Diclofenac, Voltaren, Nurofen, Ortofen, Retard.
Kev siv sab nraud, tus kws kho mob tau sau tshuaj pleev, tshuaj pleev, thiabkuj muaj ntau yam compresses tsom ntawm kev tshem tawm qhov mob, txo qhov o, normalizing ntshav ncig hauv lub hauv caug. Feem ntau, cov tshuaj xws li Fastum Gel thiab Bystrumgel raug tshuaj. Hauv tshwj xeeb yog mob hnyav, kev siv tshuaj txhaj rau kev mob caj dab, tshwj xeeb yog tshuaj loog, yuav tsum tau siv. Feem ntau, kev txhaj tshuaj yog muab rau hauv qhov sib koom ua ke. Hauv qhov no, cov tshuaj uas muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab cov tshuaj hormones raug siv.
Ntseeg haiv neeg
Yuav ua li cas kho mob caj dab ntawm lub hauv caug sib koom hauv tsev - ntau tus neeg mob uas muaj tus kab mob no txaus siab. Kev kho mob nrog pej xeem txoj kev tsis mob thiab ua tau zoo heev.
Feem ntau txhais tau tias yog compresses ua los ntawm rhuab flax, nrog rau cov nplooj nplooj nrog zib mu. Koj tuaj yeem siv tshuaj txhuam thiab tshuaj pleev los ntawm cawv tincture ntawm qhuav cinquefoil. Thaum lub caij ntuj sov, nws raug nquahu kom siv burdock thiab coltsfoot nplooj thaum hmo ntuj.
Koj tuaj yeem noj hauv ib lub decoction ntawm oats. Cov tshuaj no pab tshem tawm cov tshuaj lom thiab siv feem ntau rau kev mob caj dab.
Kev kho mob caj dab ntawm lub hauv caug sib koom ua ke hauv tsev koom nrog kev tawm dag zog lub cev. Gymnastics suav nrog ua ib qho kev tawm dag zog yooj yim. Lawv yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo ua tib zoo, tsis suav nrog kev thauj khoom ntau dhau thiab txav nrawm, nrog rau qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev ncab. Ua ntej nqa tawm ib txheej ntawm ce, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau ua ib lub teeb kneading massage. Txawm li cas los xij, ua ntej siv ib qho twgtxhais tau tias thiab txoj hauv kev, koj yuav tsum sab laj nrog koj tus kws kho mob kom tsis txhob ua rau muaj kev noj qab nyob zoo.
physiotherapy techniques
Kev kho lub cev yog siv dav, nrog rau cov txheej txheem kho vajtse, tshwj xeeb, xws li:
- laser kho;
- plasmapheresis;
- massage;
- Yhydrotherapy;
- cryotherapy.
Physiotherapy pab tshem tawm qhov mob thiab mob hauv pob qij txha. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tswv yim zoo li no normalizes ntshav ncig, thiab tseem tiv thaiv cov leeg nqaij atrophy. Tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem sau ntawv immobilization ntawm txhais ceg los ntawm kev siv lub splint. Cov tswv yim zoo li no yuav tsum tau siv los ua ib qho ntxiv rau cov kev kho mob tseem ceeb, tab sis tsis muaj qhov yuav tsum tau hloov cov tshuaj.
Surgery
Hauv cov xwm txheej hnyav tshwj xeeb, kev cuam tshuam kev phais raug qhia. Tshwj xeeb, txoj hauv kev xws li:
- kab noj hniav kab noj hniav;
- Arthroplasty;
- arthroscopy;
- necrectomy;
- synovectomy.
Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, tshem tawm cov kua dej ntau dhau, tshem tawm cov ntsev ntsev, kev txiav tawm ntawm lub hnab synovial tuaj yeem ua tau. Txoj kev kho yog xaiv tshwj xeeb los ntawm tus kws kho mob uas tuaj koom, nyob ntawm qhov muaj qhia tau thiab theem ntawm tus kab mob.
Khoom noj khoom haus
khoom noj kom raug muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov pob txha thiab pob txha mos thiab pob qij txha. Nws raug nquahu kom noj cov zaub mov kom ntau li ntau tau uas muaj nyob hauv lawvmuaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov vitamins C, A, B thiab E. Muaj txiaj ntsig zoo yuav yog:
- porridge;
- fish;
- fruit;
- zaub;
- siab;
- fermented mis nyuj khoom;
- nplooj ntsuab.
Koj yuav tsum tsis txhob haus cawv, tshuaj yej, kas fes, qab ntsev, haus luam yeeb. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom txo koj cov ntsev kom tsawg. Yuav kom tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo dua, koj yuav tsum tau txais kev kho mob nyuaj kom koj tuaj yeem ua kom koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv tag nrho.
prophylaxis
Qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm kev kho tshuaj tsis yog ib txwm siab txaus, uas yog vim li cas nws yooj yim dua los tiv thaiv qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov mob. Txhawm rau txo qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev mob caj dab, koj yuav tsum ua raws li cov cai xws li:
- khoom noj zoo;
- sports;
- haus dej ntau;
- txiav cawv thiab haus luam yeeb;
- zam kev raug mob;
- kho cov kab mob uas twb muaj lawm raws sijhawm.
Kev noj zaub mov tseem ceeb. Kev noj zaub mov kom raug yuav zam qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov kab mob hauv plab hnyuv, nrog rau gouty o ntawm kab noj hniav. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev mob caj dab, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ua txoj kev kho mob.
Kev ntsuas tseem ceeb ntawm kev tiv thaiv yog txhawm rau txhim kho kev tiv thaiv. Qhov no yuav tiv thaiv kev sib kis ntawm cov kab mob thiab qhov mob ntawm lub hauv caug pob qij txha.
Muaj Teeb Meem
Kev mob caj dab ntawm lub hauv caug yog qhov txaus ntshai heev vim nws tuaj yeem tig musdaim ntawv mob. Relapses ntawm o tsis tsuas yog txo qhov zoo ntawm lub neej, tab sis kuj ua rau kis tau tus kab mob mus rau lwm pab pawg neeg ntawm pob qij txha. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau mob polyarthritis.
Thaum tsis muaj kev kho mob zoo, kev tsis taus thiab txawm tias tus neeg mob tuag yuav tshwm sim.
