Cov neeg niaj hnub no feem ntau coj txoj kev ua neej nyob tsis muaj zog. Tus neeg nruab nrab feem ntau siv lawv lub sijhawm nyob rau pem hauv ntej ntawm lub computer lossis TV. Yog li ntawd, cov leeg thiab ligaments ntawm musculoskeletal system tsis muaj zog. Dislocation ntawm pob taws vim yog loads ntau dhau yog ib qho ntawm feem ntau raug mob. Nws yog tsim nyog sau cia tias feem ntau raug mob ntawm hom no muaj nyob rau hauv cov neeg ncaws pob. Cov kev ua si hauv qab no yog suav tias yog qhov txaus ntshai tshwj xeeb: kis las, khiav, caij ski, thiab lwm yam. Muaj kev thauj khoom siab ntawm ko taw, uas tuaj yeem ua rau tawg. Pob taws pob taws tuaj yeem tshwm sim rau txhua tus. Tom qab tag nrho, nws tsuas yog txaus los nqis tes ntawm koj ko taw tsis raug, piv txwv li, vim txoj kev tsis sib xws. Traumatologists nco ntsoov tias kev tsis saib xyuas yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev puas tsuaj.
Terminology
Ua ntej, xav txog cov qauv ntawm kev sib koom ua ke los ntawm qhov kev xav ntawm lub cev. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tam sim ntawd hais tias nws yog heev complex. Lub pob taws muaj qhov me me thiab loj tibia, nrog rau cov talus, npog nrog cov ntaub so ntswg. Hyaline pob txha mos nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no ua raws li ib tug shock absorber. Nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm kev txavKev sib txhuam tshwm sim, uas cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau lub zog ntawm kev sib koom tes. Txawm li cas los xij, cov kua dej synovial tam sim no softens cov txheej txheem vim nws qhov sib xws.
Lub zog ntawm pob taws yog los ntawm cov leeg thiab ligaments uas nyob ib puag ncig nws. Yog hais tias ib tug neeg poob lub suab thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm lub cev tsis muaj zog pib, cov leeg tsis tuaj yeem pab tau txhua txoj kev, thiab kev sib koom ua ke, tig mus, ua rau tsis yooj yim. Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev cuam tshuam ntawm lwm yam ntxiv, kev hloov pauv tshwm sim, uas hauv cov tshuaj hu ua pob taws dislocation. Feem ntau, qhov kev raug mob no yog nrog los ntawm cov teeb meem nrog ligaments: rupture los yog sprain.
Dab tsi ua rau raug mob?
Qhov tseeb, muaj ntau yam ua rau qhov kev puas tsuaj no. Koj yuav tsum nkag siab tias qhov kev tsis sib haum xeeb tshwm sim nrog kev txav ntawm sab ceg, rub ceg hauv lossis tawm, nrawm nrawm nrog cov ntiv tes rau hauv pem teb, thiab lwm yam tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau them nyiaj rau qhov sib koom tes, vim qhov no tuaj yeem tshwm sim. rau leej twg. Koj yuav tsum tau taug kev hauv txoj kev lossis sab hauv tsev kom zoo, saib xyuas qhov xwm txheej ib puag ncig thiab tsis txhob khiav mus ntev. Yog tias qhov sib koom ua ke tseem puas lawm, ces rooj plaub yuav tsis xaus nrog qhov dislocation. Feem ntau hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, pom muaj pob txha.
Cia peb xav txog ntau qhov xwm txheej ntawm kev tsis sib haum xeeb, pob taws pob taws:
- taug kev tsis tu ncua, khiav ntawm dej khov lossis tsis sib xws;
- poj niam yuav tsum ceev faj thaum hnav pob taws, vim tias feem ntau cov kws kho mob kho qhov raug mob vim kev poob;
- mobexercise;
- ntaus khoom hnyav, dhia nrog qhov tsis zoo.
Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb tseem nyob hauv lub cev, tab sis kev puas tsuaj tuaj yeem tshwm sim vim lwm yam. Muaj ib pab pawg ntawm cov kab mob, kev loj hlob ntawm cov uas muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau lub zog ntawm ligaments thiab cov ntaub so ntswg ceev. Oncology, tuberculosis, rog rog, ntshav qab zib, o ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm pob taws raug mob.
Kev mob hnyav
Yuav ua li cas nrog pob taws pob taws? Ua ntej tshaj plaws, koj yuav tsum hu rau tus kws kho mob kom sai li sai tau. Tus kws kho mob thawj zaug yuav tsum txiav txim siab qhov kev puas tsuaj loj, thiab tom qab ntawd muab kev kho mob.
Hauv tshuaj, tam sim no muaj peb theem kev puas tsuaj:
- First degree dislocation. Nws yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev ntxhov siab ntawm ib qho me me ntawm cov fibers, qhov mob yog hnov thaum sim ua ib kauj ruam los yog lean ntawm ko taw. Txawm li cas los xij, kev txav mus los tau khaws cia tag nrho, txawm tias qhov o ntawm qhov sib koom ua ke. Yog tias koj muaj hom kev puas tsuaj no, feem ntau nws yuav ploj mus ntawm nws tus kheej tom qab ob peb hnub.
- Second degree dislocation. Yuav luag ib nrab ntawm kev sib txuas lus fibers tau tawg, uas ua rau muaj teeb meem loj hauv kev txav mus los. Muaj qhov o uas nthuav mus rau sab ceg.
- Thib peb ntawm kev txav chaw. Muaj tag nrho rupture ntawm ligament, txav los ua tsis yooj yim sua vim mob thiab o loj heev. Lub tom kawg twb npog tag nrho ko taw, ob sab nraub qaum thiab los ntawm qhov cog.
Cov tsos mob ntawm pob taws pob taws
Nyob ntawm qhov mob hnyav, tej yam tshwm sim tshwm sim. Ntawm chav kawm, nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm lub thib peb degree, tag nrho cov tsos mob yog ntau pronounced thiab xav xav. Qhov thib ob theem ntawm qhov txhab yog tshwm sim los ntawm qhov nruab nrab qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov paib, thiab thawj - los ntawm kev ua txhaum me me.
Nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias lub tshuab ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov tawg ntawm pob taws yog cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau cov khoom ntawm kev puas tsuaj hauv keeb kwm. Nws yog raws li kev faib tawm tsis raug thaum taug kev thiab khiav. Qee zaum, hom kev raug mob no yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev sib tsoo ncaj qha rau pob taws.
Yog li, cov tsos mob hauv qab no ntawm pob taws tawg yog qhov txawv:
- mob siab. Muaj teeb meem tam sim ntawd tom qab raug mob, qhov mob tau hais tawm hauv thaj tsam ntawm pob taws raug mob, muaj qhov kub hnyiab. Kev sim txav pob taws tsuas yog ua rau mob ntxiv, palpation kuj tsis txaus siab rau tus neeg mob.
- Puffiness. Cov ceg o yuav luag tam sim ntawd tom qab dislocation, raws li cov hlab ntsha periarticular rupture thiab cov ntaub ntawv hematoma. Lub edema kis tau sai heev. Yog qhov raug mob hnyav, ces qhov mob npog tag nrho ko taw.
- Hloov pob taws. Sab nraud deformation yog ib qho kev ntseeg siab tshaj plaws. Nws zoo li curvature ntawm qhov qis ntawm ko taw vim yog khoov rau sab. Ntseeg kuv, qhov no nyuaj rau kev tsis meej pem nrog lwm cov kev raug mob.
Diagnosis
Ua ntej tham txog yuav ua li cas kho pob qij txha dislocation, nws yuav tsum nkag siab txog cov txheej txheem kuaj mob. Muaj kev paubtus kws tshaj lij tuaj yeem txiav txim siab qhov kev puas tsuaj los ntawm cov tsos mob qhia. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev ntsuam xyuas pom los ntawm ib tus kws tshaj lij yuav pab kom paub meej tias qhov kev xav tias raug mob, vim tias ko taw yuav nyob hauv txoj haujlwm tsim nyog. Feem ntau nws arches rov qab los yog sab nraud, qee zaum muaj qhov txuas ntxiv los yog sab hauv. Ib qho ntawm cov cim qhia ntawm qhov dislocation yuav yog ib qho nias hauv qhov sib koom ua ke tom qab raug mob. Tag nrho cov xwm txheej no feem ntau tsis txaus los txiav txim siab qhov kev kuaj mob kom raug. Feem ntau, yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas kom ntxaws ntxiv.
Yog tias peb tham txog txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev kuaj mob, nws tsis tuaj yeem ua tsis tau ib qho kev kuaj X-ray. Dislocation ntawm pob taws zoo kawg nkaus pom hauv daim duab txawm tias qhov muag liab qab. Tus kws kho mob uas tsim nyog yuav siv tau txoj kev no los txiav txim siab qhov kev puas tsuaj ntawm ligaments thiab lwm yam kev raug mob, piv txwv li, ib qho nqaij tawv nqaij. Tsis tas li ntawd feem ntau lawv siv suav tomography, uas yuav tshem tawm tag nrho cov lus nug txog qhov muaj qhov dislocation.
Kev pab ib zaug
Qhov kev raug mob no yog ib qho ntawm cov uas xav tau kev saib xyuas tam sim. Yog tias koj lossis ib tus neeg nyob ze koj muaj qhov dislocation, koj yuav tsum tau ua tam sim ntawd. Kev tsis ua haujlwm thiab tos lub tsheb thauj neeg mob tuaj txog yog qhov tsis tsim nyog ntawm no, vim tias tsis yog tus neeg mob ntxiv lawm, tab sis kuj tseem muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov teeb meem nyob ntawm kev saib xyuas xwm txheej ceev.
Nws tsim nyog sau cia tias kev pabcuam thawj zaug tsis nyuaj, koj tsis tas yuav muaj kev paub tshwj xeeb thiab kev txawj ntse. Txhua tus uas tsis muaj kev cob qhia tuaj yeem ua raws li cov kauj ruam yooj yim no:
- qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog los xyuas kom meej qhov tsis muaj kev txav ntawm cov ceg raug mob, thiab rau qhov no koj yuav tsum tau muab tus neeg mob tso rau hauv thiab tso cov menyuam los yog lwm yam khoom nyob rau hauv qis qis;
- koj yuav tsum tau kho qhov mob, rau qhov no koj yuav tsum tso dej khov rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm qhov raug mob lossis noj tshuaj kho mob;
- tam sim no koj yuav tsum ua qhov zoo tshaj plaws kom xa tus neeg mob mus rau qhov chaw kho mob, qhov twg tus kws kho mob yuav txiav txim siab qhov hnyav thiab sau ntawv kho kom zoo.
Drug therapy
Nws tsim nyog sau cia tias qhov kev kho pob taws pob taws no tsis yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws, tab sis raws li kev ntxiv nws yog qhov tsim nyog heev. Feem ntau, tus kws kho mob sau cov tshuaj uas tsis yog-steroidal anti-inflammatory. Yog tias cov tshuaj no twb tsis muaj txiaj ntsig, cov kws tshaj lij tau sau cov tshuaj muaj zog, xws li tramadol. Cov tshuaj tsuas yog siv yog tias mob hnyav heev thiab tus neeg raug mob mus pw hauv tsev kho mob.
Yog tias tus neeg mob muaj qhov subluxation los yog lub ligament me me, cov kev kho mob hauv zos tuaj yeem muab faib nrog. Ntawm no peb tab tom tham txog tshuaj pleev rau dislocation ntawm pob taws. Qhov nrov tshaj plaws thiab tib lub sijhawm zoo yog "Nise-gel" thiab "Voltaren Emulgel". Cov tshuaj no muaj cov tshuaj uas tsis yog-steroidal anti-inflammatory.
kev kho mob
Kev kho mob yuav tsum tau ua hauv kaum ob teev tom qab raug mob. Nws yuav tsum tau hais tias qhov kev txo qis sai dua thiab qhov kev pab tsim nyog tau muab, qhov yooj yim dua rau tus neeg mob rov qab kho dua yav tom ntej. Ntawm tus kheejkho pob taws yog nruj me ntsis txwv tsis pub, vim hais tias ntawm no koj tsis tuaj yeem ua yuam kev. Tsuas yog tus kws tshaj lij uas muaj peev xwm ua tau kom raug, kom tom qab ntawd tsis muaj cov pob txha thiab cov khoom tawg thaum lub sij hawm tawg.
Tom qab tus kws kho mob kho qhov tsis sib xws, tus neeg raug tsim txom yuav tsum tau nyob hauv tsev kho mob ib ntus kom txog thaum qhov o tuaj. Tom qab ntawd lub plaster cam khwb cia yuav tsum tau siv thiab tus neeg mob yuav tsum hnav nws rau peb lub lis piam. Tom qab ntawd, ob txhais ceg yog tsau nrog splint rau ob lub hlis kom tsis txhob muaj kev txav tsis tsim nyog. Yog tias tsim nyog, qhov tshem tawm tau raug kho rau ob peb lub lis piam ntxiv. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus neeg mob yuav tsum tau kho pob taws pob taws hauv tsev los ntawm kev kho mob thiab tiv thaiv kev tawm dag zog. Gymnastics yuav tsum tau ua txhua hnub, thiab cov tshuaj pleev kom sov zoo yuav pab txo cov tsos mob.
Kev kho lub cev thiab zaws yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev rov zoo hauv lub sijhawm luv luv. Tus kws kho mob feem ntau sau tshuaj electrophoresis, da dej paraffin thiab da dej sov. Tag nrho cov no ua ke tuaj yeem muab cov txiaj ntsig zoo heev hauv lub sijhawm luv luv.
Rehab
Kev kho pob taws pob taws hauv tsev los kom muaj peev xwm rov zoo tom qab raug mob. Nws yog tsim nyog sau cia tias cov tshuaj zoo tshaj plaws yog lub sijhawm thiab kev ua siab ntev. Yog tias peb tham txog kev puas tsuaj rau pob taws (thaum kev pab tau muab raws sijhawm thiab muaj peev xwm), ces koj tsis tuaj yeem muab lub nra rau ob lossis peb lub hlis. Tom qab ib hlis, cov kws kho mob feem ntau tso cai rau koj taug kev ntawm cov ntoo. Cov kws tshaj lij pom zoo kom hnav khau tshwj xeeb rau ib xyoos tom qab raug mob.
Txhawm rau txo lub sijhawm rov qab los, koj yuav tsum tau koom nrog kev kho lub cev tsis tu ncua. Kev nyiam yuav tsum tau muab rau cov kev tawm dag zog xws li taug kev, caij tsheb kauj vab, gymnastics dej, dov khoom cylindrical.
tshuaj ntsuab
Kev kho mob ntawm pob qij txha hauv tsev yog ua tau nrog kev pab los ntawm pej xeem cov tshuaj. Cov zaub mov hauv qab no yog qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws:
- compresses ntawm celandine thiab calendula paj tuaj yeem siv rau qhov chaw mob, qhov no yuav txo qhov mob thiab o;
- ib qho kev xaiv zoo yuav yog txhawm rau txhawm rau qhov chaw raug mob nrog kev sib xyaw ntawm turpentine, ammonia thiab xab npum ntxhua khaub ncaws;
- relieves cov tsos mob kuj so soaked nyob rau hauv vinegar thiab ntsev, lawv yuav tsum tau siv rau cov pob qij txha raug mob.
Nws yuav tsum tau qhia tam sim ntawd tias lwm txoj kev kho mob tsuas yog pab txo cov tsos mob, thiab nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los siv lawv los ua kev kho ntxiv, uas yog, nrog rau cov kev cai ib txwm muaj. Qhov raug mob yuav tsum tau kho nyob rau hauv kev saib xyuas. Tsuas yog txoj kev kho kom zoo, uas tus kws kho mob muaj peev xwm sau tau, yuav pab ua kom muaj kev ua haujlwm zoo. Nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau overestimate qhov tseem ceeb ntawm lub sij hawm rehabilitation, yog li tsis txhob las mees cov lus qhia ntawm ib tug kws kho mob nyob rau hauv no hais txog.
Kev Tiv Thaiv
Yuav kom tsis txhob txhawj xeeb txog kev kho pob taws pob taws hauv tsev lossis hauv tsev kho mob, koj tsis tas yuav tso cai raug mob. Tau kawg, kev puas tsuaj tuaj yeem tshwm sim rau txhua tus tsis hais txog kev ua raws li kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv. Thiab tseem, yog tias koj mob siab rau koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv ntau dua, qhov kev pheej hmoo tau txaiskev raug mob raug txo kom tsawg.
Cov cai tiv thaiv yooj yim:
- tsuas yog hnav khau uas xis thiab xis rau koj txhais taw;
- ib txwm ua raws li cov cai tswj kev nyab xeeb thaum ua haujlwm;
- ntawm qhov chaw nplua, txav kom zoo thiab ua tib zoo;
- kev tawm dag zog yuav tsum tau ua nrog cov ntaub qhwv elastic lossis ntaub qhwv, qhov no yuav txo qis kev raug mob;
- ua kom koj cov leeg nqaij leeg, tsuas yog tsis txhob ua dhau;
- yog tias koj pob taws thab koj, tsis txhob mus ntsib kws kho mob, vim tias qhov tshwm sim tuaj yeem ua rau tu siab tshaj plaws.
pob taws pob taws yog ib qho mob hnyav heev uas tsis yooj yim kho. Tab sis yog tias kev pabcuam thawj zaug tau ua tau zoo, kev kho mob tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo thiab tag nrho cov cai ntawm kev kho kom rov zoo li qub tau ua raws, tus neeg mob tuaj yeem suav nrog kev rov zoo sai. Tsis ntev ib tug neeg tuaj yeem rov qab mus rau lawv txoj kev ua neej li qub, thiab qhov no yog lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm tus neeg raug tsim txom.
Yog tias tus kws kho mob pom pob qij txha tawg, qhov xwm txheej hnyav heev. Tom qab ntawd tsis muaj teeb meem koj yuav tsum tsis kam lees thiab koj yuav tsum hu rau tus kws kho mob sai li sai tau. Txwv tsis pub, cov teeb meem yuav tshwm sim, thiab tom qab ntawd qhov kev tshwm sim yuav poob siab tag nrho. Ntawm cov feem ntau pathologies nyob rau hauv fractures yog mob caj dab, arthrosis, ib nrab los yog tag nrho cov nqaij atrophy, o ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg mos, caws pliav, thiab lwm yam. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev kom muab cov kev pab zoo tshaj plaws thiab qhia.tus neeg mob rau tus kws kho mob.
