Cyst ntawm zes qe menyuam - cov tsos mob, ua tau, kev kuaj mob thiab kev kho mob nta

Cov txheej txheem:

Cyst ntawm zes qe menyuam - cov tsos mob, ua tau, kev kuaj mob thiab kev kho mob nta
Cyst ntawm zes qe menyuam - cov tsos mob, ua tau, kev kuaj mob thiab kev kho mob nta

Video: Cyst ntawm zes qe menyuam - cov tsos mob, ua tau, kev kuaj mob thiab kev kho mob nta

Video: Cyst ntawm zes qe menyuam - cov tsos mob, ua tau, kev kuaj mob thiab kev kho mob nta
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Lo lus "ovarian cyst" yog hais txog ib qho neoplasm ntawm qhov zoo, tsim ncaj qha rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm lub cev. Nws yog ib kab noj uas muaj kua. Qee zaum, cyst ntawm zes qe menyuam tsis ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau kev noj qab haus huv, nws ploj mus ntawm nws tus kheej yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam. Yog tias nws tsis ploj mus, tus kws kho mob kos ib qho kev kho mob rau tus kheej, uas yuav suav nrog ob qho tib si kev saib xyuas thiab kev phais.

Kev txhim kho mechanism

Lub zes qe menyuam yog poj niam ua ke lub cev. Nws lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog ua kom muaj menyuam yaus thiab ua haujlwm hormonal. Sab xis los yog sab laug zes qe menyuam tawm txhua hli qe tsis loj dua ib lub walnut. Cov txheej txheem no yog qhov pib ntawm kev coj khaub ncaws tshiab.

Txhua lub qe yog nyob rau hauv cov follicles. Cov txheej txheem ntawm maturation ntawm qhov kawg tshwm sim kom txog rau thaum lub tsev menyuamnpaj rau fertilization. Follicular kev loj hlob yog muab los ntawm poj niam txiv neej cov tshuaj hormones - estrogen. Lub voj voog no rov ua dua txhua hli. Raws li txoj cai, raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm nws tiav, lub qe tseem unfertilized. Hauv qhov no, cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tawm ntawm lub tsev menyuam pib, uas yog, kev coj khaub ncaws pib.

Muaj qee cov hlwv me me hauv txhua lub zes qe menyuam. Thaum lub sij hawm ovulation, ib los yog ob follicles tawg. Tus so tseem loj hlob, tab sis dhau sij hawm lawv qhov loj me me. Tom qab ob peb lub voj voog, cov hlwv ploj ntawm lawv tus kheej yam tsis muaj kev kho mob. Nws kuj tshwm sim tias cov follicles khaws cov kua hauv lawv tus kheej, nce hauv qhov loj. Hauv qhov no, peb tab tom tham txog pathology.

cyst ntawm lub zes qe menyuam
cyst ntawm lub zes qe menyuam

Type of neoplasms

Yog tias cov hauv paus hniav uas khaws cov kua dej ntau dhau lub sijhawm txo qhov loj ntawm nws tus kheej thiab ploj mus ntawm nws tus kheej, nws yog ib txwm hais txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm zes qe menyuam. Cov txheej txheem no yog physiological thiab tsis ua phem rau kev noj qab haus huv. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov teeb meem (xws li torsion), cov poj niam uas muaj lub zes qe menyuam ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua raug qhia kom muaj kev kuaj ultrasound tsis tu ncua. Kev kho mob zoo li no tsis tshua muaj tshuaj.

Ntxiv mus, muaj cov nram qab no hom neoplasms:

  1. Cyst of the corpus luteum. Nws tshwm sim tom qab ovulation. Lub neoplasm tsuas yog nyob rau ntawm ib lub zes qe menyuam. Hauv qhov no, lub corpus luteum tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kua dej, tsis tshua muaj ntshav.
  2. Hemorrhagic cyst. Nws tsim tshwm sim tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm hemorrhage rau hauv neoplasm.
  3. Dermoid cyst. Nws tuaj yeem ncav cuag 15 cm hauv txoj kab uas hla. Qhov no cyst ntawm zes qe menyuam tuaj yeem sau nrog ntau hom ntaub so ntswg: adipose, txuas, tshee, pob txha mos, pob txha. Feem ntau, nws yog localized nyob rau sab xis. Nws feature yog ib qho kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim txhua yam teeb meem - rupture, torsion, o. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub dermoid cyst ntawm txoj cai zes qe menyuam tuaj yeem hloov mus ua qog nqaij hlav cancer. Raws li kev txheeb cais, qhov teeb meem no tau kuaj pom hauv 3% ntawm cov neeg mob.
  4. YEndometrioid ovarian cyst. Nws tsim los ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm lub puab mucous membrane ntawm lub tsev menyuam. Ib qho neoplasm zoo sib xws feem ntau pom hauv cov poj niam uas muaj endometriosis. Qhov loj ntawm lub cyst tuaj yeem sib txawv ntawm 2 mus rau 20 cm. Nws cov ntsiab lus feem ntau yog sawv cev los ntawm cov seem ntawm cov ntshav secreted thaum cev xeeb tub.
  5. polycystic zes qe menyuam. Lub cev loj tuaj, thiab ntawm nws sab nrauv, ntau qhov me me yog tsim.
  6. YCystic adenoma. Nws yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm qhov loj me, tuaj yeem ncav cuag 30 cm. Nws yog tsim los ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm zes qe menyuam.
  7. Paraovarian cyst. Qhov no yog ib qho neoplasm uas yog tsim los ntawm lub appendage, uas nyob rau saum lub zes qe menyuam. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm nws cov kab noj hniav yog sawv cev los ntawm cov kua pob tshab.
  8. Mucinous cyst. Ib tug loj neoplasm, muab faib ua ob peb chav uas muaj mucus. Ib yam ntawm cov cyst yog nws lub peev xwm los degenerate mus rau hauv cov qog nqaij hlav cancer.

Yog li, tsis yog txhua tus neoplasms tsis muaj mob. Txhawm rau zam kev txhim kho ntawm cov teeb meem loj, nws yog qhov tsim nyogmus ntsib kws kho mob ntawm thawj cov cim ceeb toom.

Cysts ntawm lub zes qe menyuam
Cysts ntawm lub zes qe menyuam

Yog vim li cas

Tam sim no, qhov tseeb ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm zes qe menyuam cysts tsis paub. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tau raug pov thawj tias kev txhim kho ntawm cov txheej txheem pathological tau tshwm sim los ntawm qee yam ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam.

Indirect ua rau tsim ntawm neoplasms yog cov kab mob hauv qab no:

  • Kev cuam tshuam kev phais hauv lub cev ntawm lub cev xeeb tub. Raws li kev txheeb cais, hauv ib feem peb ntawm cov neeg mob tom qab kev xeeb tub, ib qho cyst pom ntawm zes qe menyuam.
  • Cov txheej txheem mob tshwm sim hauv qhov chaw mos. Lawv yog ib qho ntawm cov laj thawj tseem ceeb. Lub zes qe menyuam, raws li txoj cai, yog tsim tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm STDs, mob pathologies, endometriosis, thiab lwm yam.
  • Thawj qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev coj khaub ncaws thaum ntxov (ua ntej 11 xyoos).
  • Cov tshuaj hormones. Vim qhov tshwm sim tsis txaus, lub zes qe menyuam feem ntau kuaj tau thaum cev xeeb tub.
  • Tsis muaj txheej txheem ovulation.
  • kev coj khaub ncaws tsis zoo.
  • Kev tsis muaj menyuam.
  • Ovarian dysfunction.
  • Ntau tshaj.

Tsis tas li ntawd, lub cyst ntawm zes qe menyuam tuaj yeem tsim thaum noj qee yam tshuaj uas npaj rau kev kho mob qog noj ntshav mis.

Ovarian cyst
Ovarian cyst

Symptoms

Ntau tus neeg mob tsis muaj cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob pathological. Hauv qhov no, feem ntau tus kab mob tau kuaj pom thaum lub sijhawm kuaj,muab rau lwm qhov laj thawj. Cov tsos mob ceeb feem ntau tshwm sim thaum lub cyst loj.

Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob yog cov hauv qab no:

  • mob siab. Qhov degree ntawm lawv qhov hnyav ncaj qha nyob ntawm qhov loj ntawm neoplasm. Qhov xwm ntawm qhov mob feem ntau yog npub. Nws yog localized feem ntau nyob rau hauv lub plab mog. Yog hais tias ib tug poj niam muaj cyst ntawm txoj cai zes qe menyuam, qhov mob tsuas yog hnov ntawm no. Nws qhov kev siv zog nce ntxiv nrog kev tawm dag zog lub cev thiab kev sib deev. Qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm qhov mob yog pom nyob rau hauv kev loj hlob ntawm cov teeb meem - rupture los yog torsion ntawm lub cyst. Hauv qhov no, tus poj niam kuj pom: ua npaws, xeev siab thiab ntuav. Qee zaum, tsis muaj qhov mob. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, cov neeg mob yws yws ntawm qhov kev xav ntawm lub plab hauv plab thiab qhov kev xav ntawm hnyav hauv plab.
  • Nquag tso zis, mob thaum tso zis tawm. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov tsos mob no yog los ntawm compression ntawm cov hlab ntsha thiab cov kab mob hauv nruab nrog cev los ntawm cyst. Neoplasm (feem ntau loj) kuj tuaj yeem ua rau cem quav thiab qhov pom ntawm qhov tsis ncaj ncees rau kev ua txhaum ntawm qhov quav. Qhov no yog vim lub siab ntawm lub cyst ntawm thaj chaw uas cov hnyuv qis nyob.
  • Kev coj khaub ncaws tsis xwm yeem. Menstruation yog profuse, lawv nrog los ntawm kev mob hnyav heev. Qhov txaus ntshai nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb hais tias lawv yooj yim tsis meej pem nrog uterine los ntshav, uas kuj ua hauj lwm raws li ib tug kos npe rau ntawm lub xub ntiag ntawm cyst. Nws kuj tshwm sim hais tias nyob rau hauv cov poj niam, ntawm qhov tsis tooj, muajamenorrhea, uas yog, ua tsis tiav ntawm kev coj khaub ncaws.
  • Hirsutism. Lo lus no yog hais txog kev tso tawm ntau dhau ntawm txiv neej cov tshuaj hormones. Tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm tus txheej txheem no, tus poj niam lub suab ua ntxhib, plaub hau pib loj hlob ntawm nws lub cev.
  • nce hauv plab, nws asymmetry. Cov tsos mob no tshwm sim yog tias lub cyst tau mus txog qhov loj. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, muaj qhov nce ntawm lub plab mog.

Tsis tas li ntawd, cov cim hauv qab no tau ceeb toom:

  • lub cev kub;
  • daim tawv nqaij;
  • kiv taub hau;
  • qaug zog;
  • mob plab plab;
  • kev sib txawv ntawm cov ntshav siab nce lossis nqis;
  • nqhis nqhis;
  • poob ceeb thawj yam tsis muaj laj thawj.

Yog tias koj tsis xis nyob, koj yuav tsum sab laj nrog kws kho mob tam sim ntawd lossis hu rau lub tsheb thauj neeg mob.

Mob hauv plab plab
Mob hauv plab plab

Diagnosis

Yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob ntxhov siab, koj yuav tsum tau teem sijhawm nrog tus kws kho mob gynecologist. Tus kws kho mob yuav kuaj thawj zaug, uas suav nrog kev nug thiab tshuaj xyuas tus neeg mob.

Cov kev ntsuam xyuas hauv qab no kuj tseem raug txiav txim kom kuaj pom tseeb:

  • Y Ultrasound (transvaginal). Nrog nws, nws tuaj yeem kuaj pom txhua yam cysts.
  • CT, NMR. Lawv tso cai rau txheeb xyuas cov yam ntxwv ntawm neoplasm, uas yog tsis yooj yim sua thaum lub sij hawm ultrasound.
  • Laparoscopy. Txoj kev tsis yog xwbkuaj mob. Thaum kuaj, nws tseem tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov cyst.
  • kuaj ntshav rau oncomarker SAN-125. Tso cai rau koj kom paub qhov xwm txheej ntawm tus kab mob (benign lossis malignant).
  • Kev kuaj cev xeeb tub. Lub zes qe menyuam thaum cev xeeb tub yuav tsum muaj lwm txoj hauv kev los kho. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tshem tawm lossis paub meej tias muaj kev xeeb tub ectopic. Qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb tias txoj kev loj hlob ntawm pathology yog nrog los ntawm cov tsos mob zoo ib yam li kev tsim cov cyst.

Nws yog qhov tsawg heev rau tus kws kho mob kom muab tshuaj txhuam los ntawm Douglas hnab ris. Qhov no yog qhov chaw nyob rau tom qab fornix ntawm qhov chaw mos. Lub sijhawm teem sijhawm ntawm kev kawm tsuas yog xav tau yog tias ntshav los yog rupture ntawm lub cyst yog xav tau.

kev kho mob zoo

Yog tias nws yog ib qho kev ua haujlwm neoplasm, tsis tas yuav kho. Nws yog txaus mus ntsib kws kho mob ib ntus rau lub hom phiaj ntawm kev tswj thiab kev tiv thaiv. Kev kho ntawm zes qe menyuam yuav tsum tau kho yog tias nws tsis ploj ntawm nws tus kheej.

Cov kws kho mob ib txwm pib sim cawm cov neeg mob los ntawm tus kab mob los ntawm txoj kev khaws cia. Tab sis qee zaum, nws tsis tuaj yeem kho lub zes qe menyuam yam tsis tau phais.

Contraindications rau kev kho tshuaj:

  • hnub nyoog tshaj 45;
  • qog loj loj;
  • tsis tuaj yeem txiav txim siab qhov xwm txheej ntawm nws qhov tshwm sim;
  • xov xwm ntawm oncology.

Kev kho mob ntawm zes qe menyuam txhais tau tias noj cov tshuaj hauv qab no:

  1. Cov tshuaj hormones. Raws li txoj cai, tus kws kho mob sau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv qhov ncauj uas txhawb nqanormalization ntawm kev coj khaub ncaws.
  2. Anti-inflammatory thiab antimicrobial. Lub luag haujlwm ntawm kev noj cov nyiaj no yog txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau kis tus kabmob. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov appendages raug cais tawm.

Cov txheej txheem physiotherapy tau pom tias muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev kho mob pathology. Tab sis lawv yeej ib txwm muab tshuaj rau tib lub sijhawm thaum noj cov tshuaj thiab tsuas yog tias muaj cov kab mob oncology raug cais tawm.

Conservative kev kho mob
Conservative kev kho mob

kev kho mob phais

Kev cuam tshuam kev phais yog qhia thaum txoj kev khaws cia tsis muaj txiaj ntsig. Tam sim no, feem ntau siv laparoscopy kom tshem tawm ntawm zes qe menyuam. Kev ua haujlwm yog qhov tsis txaus ntseeg - txhua qhov kev ua haujlwm tau ua los ntawm kev sib tsoo me me (tsis pub ntau tshaj 1 cm inch) hauv lub plab kab noj hniav. Tus kws phais tau ntxig cov cuab yeej endoscopic rau hauv lawv, thiab tus kws kho mob saib xyuas cov txheej txheem ntawm kev cuam tshuam nrog lub monitor, cov duab uas kis tau los ntawm lub koob yees duab me me.

Tom qab tshem tawm ntawm zes qe menyuam cyst los ntawm txoj kev laparoscopic, cov neeg mob pib ua haujlwm txhua hnub hauv 1-2 hnub. Qee zaum, tus poj niam tuaj yeem tawm hauv tsev kho mob tom qab ob peb teev.

Txawm hais tias tus txheej txheem minimally invasive, qee cov lus qhia yuav tsum tau ua raws li tom qab laparoscopy ntawm lub zes qe menyuam:

  • txo qis kev siv lub cev;
  • ua tib zoo saib xyuas cov txheej txheem tu cev kom tiv thaiv qhov txhab festering;
  • tsis txhob nqa khoom hnyav;
  • tsis txhob sivKhoom noj txom ncauj thiab dej cawv rau 2 lub lis piam.

Yog tias koj muaj mob hnyav, koj yuav tsum sab laj nrog kws kho mob.

Kev tshem tawm cyst
Kev tshem tawm cyst

Kev nyuaj siab

Kev txiav txim los ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas, lub zes qe menyuam, kuaj pom raws sijhawm, tsis tshua muaj kev hem thawj rau kev noj qab haus huv. Nrog rau kev kho mob tsis tu ncua, qhov tshwm sim ntawm neoplasm tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qhov tsis zoo hauv qab no:

  • kab mob oncological. Ntawm qhov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb yog qee hom hlwv uas yooj yim degenerate rau hauv cov qog nqaij hlav.
  • Twisting ceg ntawm neoplasm. Tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm tus mob no, cov txheej txheem ntawm cov ntshav ncig hauv lub cyst yog cuam tshuam, uas ua rau muaj kev loj hlob ntawm necrosis hauv nws cov ntaub so ntswg. Tsis tas li ntawd, peritonitis tshwm sim. Torsion ntawm txhais ceg los ntawm txoj hnyuv loops yuav provoke nws obstruction.
  • Rupture of the cyst. Hauv qhov no, cov tsos mob zoo ib yam li cov kab mob appendicitis. Yog hais tias lub zes qe menyuam tau tawg, peritonitis kuj tuaj yeem tsim. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov ntsiab lus ntawm pathological neoplasm tuaj yeem ua rau ntshav lom, uas ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau lub neej.
  • Kev tsis muaj menyuam. Nws tshwm sim feem ntau thaum tus kab mob tsis quav ntsej.

Yuav kom tiv thaiv tau qhov muaj teeb meem loj, nws yuav tsum tau mus ntsib kws kho mob ntawm thawj cov tsos mob ceeb toom.

Huab cua

Ib tug neoplasm kuaj pom nyob rau lub sijhawm tsis tshua muaj kev hem thawj rau tus poj niam txoj kev noj qab haus huv. Tsis tas li ntawd, piv nrog rau kev phais mob xwm txheej ceev, xaiv kev phaisKev kho mob tsis muaj kev raug mob hnyav rau lub follicular apparatus. Nrog rau lub sijhawm nkag mus rau tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb, qhov kev cia siab tau zoo. Yog tias qhov teeb meem tsis quav ntsej, txhua yam teeb meem tshwm sim sai heev.

Txoj kev laparoscopic
Txoj kev laparoscopic

In xaus

Ib lub zes qe menyuam yog ib qho benign neoplasm tsim los ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm lub cev. Qee zaum, nws ploj ntawm nws tus kheej yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam. Yog tias qhov no tsis tshwm sim, tus kws kho mob kos ib txoj kev kho mob. Yog tias tsis muaj txiaj ntsig, cov lus nug ntawm kev tawm tswv yim ntawm kev cuam tshuam kev phais raug daws.

Pom zoo: