Qog ntawm hypothalamus: cov tsos mob ntawm cov txiv neej thiab poj niam, kev kho mob

Cov txheej txheem:

Qog ntawm hypothalamus: cov tsos mob ntawm cov txiv neej thiab poj niam, kev kho mob
Qog ntawm hypothalamus: cov tsos mob ntawm cov txiv neej thiab poj niam, kev kho mob

Video: Qog ntawm hypothalamus: cov tsos mob ntawm cov txiv neej thiab poj niam, kev kho mob

Video: Qog ntawm hypothalamus: cov tsos mob ntawm cov txiv neej thiab poj niam, kev kho mob
Video: Ntiab dab tawm ntawm ib tug pogniam hmoob nyob Thaib teb. Casting out demons in Jesus name. 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
Anonim

Ib qho neoplasm uas tshwm sim hauv hypothalamus hu ua hamartoma hauv hom lus kho mob. Qhov no yog ib tug benign qog uas tsis tshua muaj heev. Kev kho mob ntawm hypothalamic hamartoma yog nqa tawm tsuas yog hauv cov chaw kho mob txawv teb chaws loj, tab sis tsis yog hauv txhua lub tebchaws. Txog rau tam sim no, txoj kev zoo ntawm kev cuam tshuam kev phais twb tau tsim nyob rau hauv Russia, tab sis txhawm rau pib siv lawv hauv kev xyaum, cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb yog xav tau. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm cov kws kho mob uas tsim nyog, thiab cov neeg mob nyob rau lub sijhawm tom qab phais yuav tsum tau muab kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb. Hauv qab no yog cov ua rau ntawm cov qog ntawm hypothalamus, cov tsos mob, kev kho mob thiab prognosis.

Cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob hypothalamic
Cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob hypothalamic

Lub ntsiab lus ntawm lub hlwb no

Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm hypothalamus yog los tswj cov txheej txheem neuroendocrine hauv lub cev. Yog nws ua tsis tau, nwsyuav cuam tshuam kev ua haujlwm ntawm txhua lub tshuab.

Lub hypothalamus nyob hauv qab ntawm lub hlwb. Txawm hais tias nws qhov me me (tsis loj dua li almond), nws cov qauv yog qhov nyuaj heev. Nws muaj nuclei thiab ob peb cheeb tsam. Cov tom kawg tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv cov chaw nyob sib ze ntawm lub hlwb, uas ua rau thaj tsam ntawm hypothalamus plam. Txhua tus tub ntxhais yog lub luag haujlwm rau nws txoj haujlwm tshwj xeeb.

Lub hypothalamus tswj qhov tsis tu ncua ntawm ib puag ncig sab hauv, thiab tseem tswj hwm kev ua haujlwm ntawm txhua lub cev thiab lub cev thaum raug rau sab nraud stimuli. Kev ua haujlwm ntawm thaj chaw no ncaj qha nyob ntawm seb tus cwj pwm twg yog tsim los ntawm tus neeg hauv qhov xwm txheej, nws lub peev xwm muaj zog npaum li cas kom muaj sia nyob hauv cov xwm txheej tsis zoo, seb nws puas tuaj yeem tsim cov xeeb ntxwv.

Kev cuam tshuam hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub tuam tsev tseem ceeb no ua rau pom ntau yam pathologies. Yog tias tus cwj pwm tsis tsim nyog tshwm sim (qhov no yog thawj cov tsos mob ntawm cov qog ntawm hypothalamus thiab nws lwm yam kab mob), koj yuav tsum hu rau tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb.

hypothalamic qog
hypothalamic qog

Caus of hamartoma

Raws li txoj cai, ib qho benign neoplasm tau pom los ntawm lub sijhawm thaum kuaj X-ray. Cov pab pawg muaj kev pheej hmoo suav nrog cov neeg hnub nyoog 30 txog 40 xyoo, thaum nyob rau hauv cov poj niam cov kab mob tau kuaj pom tsawg dua li cov txiv neej.

Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb ntawm hypothalamic hamartoma yog:

  1. Kev mob ntawm cov kab mob hauv lub tsev menyuam txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg thiab kabmob. Hauv qhov no, cov tsos mob ntawm cov qog hypothalamic tshwm sim sai tom qab yug me nyuam.
  2. Ib qho txheej txheem inflammatory uas ua rau tsim thiab loj hlob ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg hloov.
  3. raug mob taub hau.
  4. kab mob sib kis, qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov ua rau lub cev tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv.
  5. Hereditary predisposition rau kev loj hlob ntawm ib tug benign neoplasm.
  6. Gene mutations uas yuav tsum tsis txhob tshwm sim thaum lub neej ib txwm.
  7. Ib puag ncig tsis zoo: haus luam yeeb, hluav taws xob ultraviolet, raug rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, thiab lwm yam.

Txhua yam ntawm cov saum toj no ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov qog hypothalamic.

Cov tsos mob ntawm cov qog hypothalamic hauv cov poj niam
Cov tsos mob ntawm cov qog hypothalamic hauv cov poj niam

Symptoms

Qee zaum, cov kab mob tuaj yeem ua mus yam tsis muaj cov cim qhia. Rau qee tus, lawv tuaj yeem tshwm sim tam sim ntawd thiab muaj qhov tshwm sim hnyav, tsawg dua - lawv tshwm sim tom qab ntev. Nws nyob ntawm qhov mob hnyav thiab tus yam ntxwv ntawm lub cev.

Cov tsos mob tseem ceeb ntawm cov qog hypothalamic yog:

  1. Epileptic haum luag. Cov tsos mob no tau tshaj tawm hauv cov menyuam yaus thiab pom muaj nyob hauv txhua tus menyuam thib peb.
  2. muscle cramps.
  3. Kev qaug dab peg. Hauv qab no hauv daim duab yog cov tsos mob ntawm cov qog ntawm hypothalamus hauv cov poj niam thiab cov txiv neej, uas tshwm sim los ntawm qhov tsis nco qab tam sim ntawd thiab luv luv.
  4. Kev puas hlwb. Raws li txoj cai, cov teeb meem no tshwm sim los ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm tus cwj pwm, nco lapses, inattention, nyob tsis tswm. Tsis tas li ntawd, mob phemamenable rau tej kev cob qhia. Hauv cov poj niam laus thiab cov txiv neej, cov tsos mob ntawm cov qog hypothalamic tsis tau hais tawm raws li cov menyuam yaus.
  5. Psycho-emotional disorders (kev nyuaj siab, kev tswj tsis tau ntawm kev ua phem, thiab lwm yam).
  6. Cov tsos mob ntawm cov kab mob endocrine.

Ib yam ntawm cov tsos mob saum toj no ntawm cov qog ntawm lub hypothalamus ntawm ob tus poj niam thiab txiv neej yog lub tswb ceeb toom qhia qhov xav tau rau ntau yam kev ntsuas.

Cov tsos mob ntawm cov qog hypothalamic hauv cov txiv neej
Cov tsos mob ntawm cov qog hypothalamic hauv cov txiv neej

Cov tsos mob ntawm cov menyuam yaus

Lub luag haujlwm loj tshaj plaws rau kev txheeb xyuas kev ua txhaum cai yog nyob ntawm cov niam txiv, txij li cov txheej txheem pathological provokes ncua kev loj hlob ntawm lub hlwb thiab lub cev, uas tsis yog tsuas yog cuam tshuam rau kev noj qab haus huv, tab sis kuj nrog kev puas tsuaj ntawm kev sib raug zoo..

Cov tsos mob tseem ceeb ntawm cov qog hypothalamic hauv cov menyuam yaus yog:

  1. Ntau dhau ntxov, cov tsos mob tuaj yeem tshwm sim thaum muaj hnub nyoog ob xyoos: qhov pib ntawm cov plaub hau loj hlob hauv pliaj thiab caj npab, kev loj hlob sai ntawm cov qog mammary hauv cov ntxhais thiab cov scrotum hauv cov tub. Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob hypothalamic no tsuas yog cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob xwb.
  2. Kev tswj tus kheej tsis txaus ntseeg, nyob tsis tswm, tsis pom kev ntawm cov ntaub ntawv kawm, kev nco tsis zoo, tsis quav ntsej.
  3. Psycho-emotional disorders. Tus me nyuam tuaj yeem txhim kho: kev xav tsis zoo, kev puas hlwb, kev nyuaj siab, kev xav hloov, kev ua phem.
  4. qaug dab peg, ib qho tseem ceebuas yog suav tias yog uncontrolled luag, uas yog ib tug harbinger ntawm lub tom ntej nres. Tej zaum lawv yuav tshwm sim ntau zaus hauv ib hnub.
  5. Convulsions, thaum lub sijhawm nws tsis tuaj yeem ua ib qho kev txav, thiab kev tswj tus kheej poob. Tom qab qhov kev tawm tsam xaus, txhua yam uas tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm nws tsis nco qab lawm.

Thaum cov qog ntawm hypothalamus hauv cov menyuam yaus tuaj yeem pom tsuas yog ib qho ntawm cov cim saum toj no. Txhua tus tuaj yeem muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov hnyav.

qog ntawm hypothalamus cov tsos mob hauv cov poj niam yees duab
qog ntawm hypothalamus cov tsos mob hauv cov poj niam yees duab

Diagnosis

Thaum ceeb toom tshwm sim, koj yuav tsum hu rau tus kws kho mob hlwb tam sim ntawd. Thaum lub sij hawm kev ntsuam xyuas, nws ntsuam xyuas cov kev mob, xyuas cov reflexes thiab kev ua hauj lwm ntawm lub vestibular apparatus, thiab kuj txiav txim seb lub degree ntawm rhiab heev ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Nws mam li xa tus neeg mob mus kuaj.

Txoj kev tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau kev kuaj mob hamartoma yog MRI. Tsis tas li ntawd, CT scan yuav ua tau. Qhov no yog qhov tsim nyog txhawm rau txhawm rau tshem tawm mob qog noj ntshav. Hauv cov poj niam thiab cov txiv neej, cov tsos mob ntawm cov qog malignant ntawm hypothalamus zoo ib yam li cov ntawm hamartoma. Nws yog ib nqi sau cia hais tias ib tug neoplasm degenerates mus rau hauv mob qog noj ntshav tsuas yog nyob rau hauv cov neeg mob cais.

Dhau li ntawm qhov no, kev kuaj mob kom meej yog tsim nyog txhawm rau txhawm rau tshem tawm cov qog ntawm hypothalamus thiab pituitary caj pas hauv cov txiv neej thiab poj niam. Cov tsos mob zoo ib yam li hamartoma, thiab qhov xwm txheej no tshwm sim ntau zaus, vim yog kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov chaw haujlwm no. Raws li txoj cai, cov qog pituitary kuj yog benign.

Cov neeg mob uas mob ntshav qab zib hom 2 yog ntxiv rau kev tshuaj electroencephalography, los ntawm kev paub tsis meej - kuaj mob neuropsychological.

Kev kuaj mob hauv chaw kuaj mob tsis muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov neeg laus. Growth Hormone tests tsuas yog muab rau cov menyuam yaus kom paub meej lossis txiav txim tawm thaum ntxov ntxov.

kev kho mob

Tshuaj thiab kev saib xyuas kev kho mob tas li tsuas yog siv tau yog tias hypothalamic hamartoma me me thiab qhov kev kho mob tshwm sim me me lossis tsis tuaj.

Nrog kev pab ntawm cov tshuaj, koj tuaj yeem tso tseg cov txheej txheem ntawm kev puberty thaum ntxov thiab kho cov tshuaj hormonal li qub. Yog hais tias tus neeg mob muaj mob qaug dab peg, cov tshuaj yuav tsuas pab tau ib lub sij hawm luv luv, tab sis yuav tsis tshem tawm tus kab mob nws tus kheej, vim nws muaj ib tug txawv qhov tshwm sim.

Kev kho phais yog qhia rau cov tsos mob hnyav, tsis hais qhov loj ntawm cov qog.

Cov tsos mob ntawm cov qog hypothalamic hauv cov menyuam yaus
Cov tsos mob ntawm cov qog hypothalamic hauv cov menyuam yaus

Radiosurgical method

Kev ua haujlwm yog ua los ntawm cov khoom siv MRI. Txog niaj hnub no, txoj kev no yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws. Nws yog qhov kis tau me me, tsis mob thiab yuav tsum tsis muaj kev npaj.

Txoj kev siv hluav taws xob ntawm kev cuam tshuam yog ua raws li hauv qab no: lub nqaj yog qhia ntawm tus neeg mob lub taub hau, uas pib hloov nws txoj haujlwm tas li. Cov txheej txheem no yog tswj los ntawm MRI cov cuab yeej. Qhov no yog tsim nyog rau lub qogkoob tshuaj hluav taws xob zoo, thiab cov ntaub so ntswg ib puag ncig tsis cuam tshuam.

Cov nyhuv tom qab kev kho mob tsis tuaj sai, nws yuav siv li ob peb lub hlis. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, qhov ntim ntawm hamartoma txo qis los ntawm 80-90%, thiab nws tsis ua rau cov kab mob hypothalamus. Vim li no, kev tawm tsam ploj lossis cuam tshuam tsis tshua muaj, lub xeev psychoemotional normalizes, kev paub tsis meej rov qab.

craniotomy

Hnub no, kev ua haujlwm zoo li no tsuas yog ua rau qee qhov tsis tshua muaj, thaum nkag mus rau cov qog yog qhov nyuaj li sai tau. Txoj kev yog heev complex. Tom qab qhib lub pob txha taub hau, cov qog yog excised. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev pheej hmoo ntawm txhua yam teeb meem (xws li kev tuag) yog siab heev.

Stereotactic thermal ablation

Txoj kev no suav nrog cua sov lub hamartoma rau 60 degrees. Vim li no, nws lub peev xwm los ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab ploj mus.

Yog tias txoj kev kho tau ua raws sijhawm, qhov tshwm sim tuaj sai. Cov txheej txheem siv MR thermography, uas yog kev lees paub ntawm kev nyab xeeb rau cov ntaub so ntswg noj qab haus huv, uas yog, tsuas yog cov qog ua kom sov.

Endoscopic method

Nws suav nrog kev tso ib lub catheter me me rau hauv pob txha taub hau. Los ntawm lub raj, tus kws phais tau ntxig qhov endoscope rau hauv qhov thib peb ventricle thiab rov kho lub hamartoma.

Nov yog txoj kev phais tshiab uas siv rau cov neeg mob uas muaj qog me me. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov teeb meem loj yog tsawg dua li nrog craniotomy.

qog ntawm pituitary thiab hypothalamuscov tsos mob ntawm cov poj niam
qog ntawm pituitary thiab hypothalamuscov tsos mob ntawm cov poj niam

Kev Tiv Thaiv

Feem ntau, cov qog ntawm lub hypothalamus yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov teeb meem tshwm sim thaum lub sij hawm kev loj hlob ntawm fetal.

Txhawm rau txo qhov txaus ntshai ntawm lawv qhov tsos, tus niam uas xav tau yuav tsum ua raws li cov lus pom zoo hauv qab no:

  • Tsis txhob nkag mus rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntxhov siab.
  • Tsis txhob noj tshuaj yam tsis tau kws kho mob tso cai.
  • Kho kho cov kab mob kis tau raws sijhawm.

Tom qab tus me nyuam yug los, kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev raug mob taub hau yuav tsum txo qis. Yog tias kuaj pom muaj kab mob, nws yuav tsum tau hu rau kws kho mob thiab kho kom raws sijhawm.

In xaus

Hamartoma ntawm hypothalamus yog ib qho qog nqaij hlav uas tsis tshua muaj neeg. Raws li txoj cai, qhov no yog congenital pathology, cov tsos mob tshwm sim thaum ntxov. Cov kev kuaj mob hauv chaw kuaj mob tsuas yog qhia rau menyuam yaus xwb, cov neeg laus raug tshuaj MRI thiab CT. Conservative kev kho mob coj tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv tsis muaj cov tsos mob hnyav thiab ib tug me me qog loj. Hauv lwm qhov xwm txheej, kev cuam tshuam kev phais yog qhia. Nws tuaj yeem ua tau ntau txoj hauv kev, qhov ua tau zoo ntawm qhov siab heev.

Pom zoo: