Delirium - yog dab tsi? Etiology ntawm delirium. Kev kho mob thiab qhov tshwm sim

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Delirium - yog dab tsi? Etiology ntawm delirium. Kev kho mob thiab qhov tshwm sim
Delirium - yog dab tsi? Etiology ntawm delirium. Kev kho mob thiab qhov tshwm sim

Video: Delirium - yog dab tsi? Etiology ntawm delirium. Kev kho mob thiab qhov tshwm sim

Video: Delirium - yog dab tsi? Etiology ntawm delirium. Kev kho mob thiab qhov tshwm sim
Video: taus xob hwj huaj hmong Animation 3d daim part 4 2024, Kaum ib hlis
Anonim

Delirium - yog dab tsi? Kev tshawb fawb muaj nws tus kheej txhais - nws yog ib tug exogenous psychosis, uas muaj ib tug luv luv tus cwj pwm. Feem ntau nws kav los ntawm ob peb teev mus rau ob peb hnub. Keeb kwm tej zaum yuav yog:

  • kab mob;
  • kev npam;
  • vascular;
  • mob.
delirium yog dab tsi
delirium yog dab tsi

Etiology ntawm delirium thiab nws cov kab mob

Delirium (nws yog dab tsi, koj tuaj yeem kawm los ntawm kab lus) feem ntau txhim kho thaum:

  • dej cawv (muaj lub npe "delicious tremens");
  • kev quav tshuaj (narcotic delirium);
  • kab mob kis mob hnyav (nrog kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb hauv lub cev kub);
  • intoxications (nrog rau cov tshuaj);
  • senile dementia;
  • kab mob ntawm cov hlab plawv (siab, mob stroke, qaug dab peg);
  • mob hlwb raug mob lossis ntshav poob hnyav;
  • phais (delirium contributes rau kev ntxhov siab, insomnia, kub taub hau).

Cov neeg mob uas twb tau raug mob zoo ib yam, nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej zoo sib xws, zoo li rov ua qhov xwm txheej.

Cov tsos mob ntawm kev xav tsis zoo

Raws li txoj cai, qhov pib ntawm xws lixeev los nyob rau hauv daim ntawv mob. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias delirium tshwm sim, qee cov tsos mob yuav qhia tau tias nws pib. Lawv hu ua prodromes. Cov no suav nrog:

  • kev txhawj xeeb tsis ncaj ncees;
  • alarm;
  • xav ntshai;
  • nce rhiab heev rau lub teeb lossis suab;
  • tus neeg mob tsis meej pem, tsis meej pem.

Thaum cov tsos mob tshwm sim, peb tuaj yeem hais tias lub xeev ntawm kev xav tau los. Ib tug neeg hauv lub xeev no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam kev npau suav thiab kev muaj tiag vim yog kev ua txhaum ntawm lub caij nyoog ntawm kev pw tsaug zog thiab wakefulness. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov neeg mob yog indistinguishable npau suav thiab tiag tiag hallucinations. Nco ntsoov txo qis, tsis cuam tshuam qhov stimuli tuaj yeem hloov tau yooj yim. Tsis tas li ntawd, lwm cov txheej txheem xav tau qeeb qeeb. Ib tug neeg yuav tsis nco qab txog dab tsi tshwm sim rau nws thaum lub sij hawm delirium, los yog pom tias nws yog npau suav vim nco ntsoov tsuas yog nyias nyias.

delirium
delirium

Kev kuaj kab mob

Muaj qee yam uas pab kuaj mob delirium:

  1. Kev mob siab rau, tus neeg mob tsis tuaj yeem mloog zoo rau ib qho kev kawm. Piv txwv li, tus neeg zoo li no yuav tsum rov qab nug ntau zaus kom hnov cov lus teb rau nws.
  2. Kev tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm kev xav, uas tau hais tawm hauv qhov tseeb tias tus neeg mob delirium dhia ntawm ib qho mus rau lwm qhov lossis hais cov lus tsis nkag siab rau cov neeg nyob ib puag ncig.
  3. Txog qib kev nco qab (yooj yim nyob twj ywm thaum nruab hnub), kev nkag siabkev ua txhaum cai (tsis muaj peev xwm ntawm kev paub, kev tsis pom kev lossis kev xav tsis zoo, kev npau suav muaj yeeb yuj uas tus neeg mob pom tias yog qhov tseeb), kev ua txhaum ntawm kev pw tsaug zog thiab pw tsaug zog, kev nce hauv psychomotor kev ua si lossis, qhov sib txawv, nws txo qis, nco tsis zoo. Cov qauv no yuav tsis muaj nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, tab sis tsuas yog ib qho ntawm lawv xwb.
  4. Kev txhim kho ntawm lub xeev delirium hauv lub sijhawm luv tshaj plaws. Feem ntau nws tsis pub dhau ob peb hnub.
  5. Lub sijhawm tsis txaus ntseeg.
kev kho delirium
kev kho delirium

Txoj kev kuaj mob

Delirium yog qhov tshwm sim sai thiab sai sai ntawm cov tsos mob, uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm kuaj tau tus kab mob hauv tsev. Cov xwm txheej yog cov kev hloov hauv qhov hnyav ntawm ib qho kev mob tshwm sim txhua hnub. Kev paub tseeb txog qhov muaj mob taub hau lossis ib yam kab mob ntawm lub cev lossis kab mob sib kis, nrog rau kev haus dej cawv lossis kev quav yeeb tshuaj yuav pab txhim kho kev kuaj mob.

Delirium (nws yog dab tsi, piav qhia ua ntej) yog hais txog cov kab mob uas tuaj yeem kho tau. Yog tias qhov laj thawj uas ua rau nws raug kuaj pom nyob rau lub sijhawm, tom qab ntawd kev kho tsis tu ncua tuaj yeem muab cov txiaj ntsig zoo. Qee qhov xwm txheej, tus kab mob no ploj mus ntawm nws tus kheej, tab sis koj yuav tsum tsis txhob cia qhov xwm txheej no coj nws mus, vim tias muaj teeb meem tshwm sim.

Txoj cai rau kev kho mob ntawm delirium

Yog tias kuaj pom tus mob delirium, kev kho mob yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm kws kho mob yam tsis tau ua tsis tiav. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev kho mob yog los txiav txim qhov ua rau ntawm qhov tshwm sim. Tom qab ntawd, kev sau cov kev txheeb xyuas thiab lawv cov kev kuaj mob sab nraud yog nqa tawm. Raws liCov txiaj ntsig tau txais, tus kws kho mob sau ntawv kho mob lossis phais kho.

Ntxiv rau kev tshem tawm qhov ua rau delirium, piv txwv li, kev kho mob ntawm cawv, kev ntsuas raug coj los txo cov kab mob, nrog rau kev tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob muaj teeb meem. Ua li no, cov neeg mob tau txais kev txhawb nqa los ntawm kev noj zaub mov, nrog rau qhov sib npaug ntawm cov electrolytes hauv cov kua dej.

Ntxiv rau qhov ua rau delirium, kev xaiv ntawm kev kho mob yog cuam tshuam los ntawm ib puag ncig uas cov tsos mob tshwm sim, hnub nyoog ntawm tus neeg mob thiab nws lub paj hlwb. Thaum lub sij hawm rov qab los, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev los muab tus neeg mob nrog kev nyob zoo.

Piv txwv li, kev kho dej cawv delirium yog raws li hauv qab no:

  • txais tos ntawm "Sibazon" thiab "Sodium oxybutyrate";
  • rebalancing electrolytes;
  • ua pa thiab lub ntsws ua haujlwm tsis zoo (siv cov tshuaj "Mannit");
  • rov kho lub siab thiab lub raum;
  • txo lossis tshem tawm hyperthermia;
  • kev kho mob ntawm comorbidities.

Rau cov neeg mob uas ntshai lossis txhoj puab heev, cov tshuaj sedative tau muab tshuaj (qhov twg thiab lawv qhov ntau npaum li cas yog txiav txim los ntawm tus kws kho mob tuaj koom).

cawv delirium thiab nws cov yam ntxwv

Nyob rau hauv cawv, nrog rau lwm yam kev phem ntawm tus neeg mob, tej zaum yuav muaj cawv delirium, los yog, nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus, delirium tremens.

cawv delirium cov tsos mob
cawv delirium cov tsos mob

Cawv delirium (cov tsos mob zoo ib yam li lwm yam hauv keeb kwm) yog ib qho kev puas siab puas ntsws nyob rau hauvcawv ntawm cawv. Cov mob no yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev ntxhov siab ntawm kev nco qab, kev xav tsis zoo, kev tsis sib haum xeeb hauv qhov chaw thiab lub sijhawm, delirium, tsis paub ntshai thiab kev ua phem, nrog rau kev mob siab heev.

Tus mob no, raws li txoj cai, tshwm sim ob hnub tom qab tus neeg mob tsis haus cawv. Qee zaum, nws kuj tau pom thaum lub sijhawm haus nws tus kheej. Thawj qhov kev tawm tsam ntawm cawv delirium yuav tshwm sim tom qab lub sijhawm ntev txaus ntawm haus. Txhua qhov kev tawm tsam tom ntej tsis tas yuav tsum haus dej kom ntev.

Yuav ua li cas thiaj paub txog kev ntxhov siab?

Delirium syndrome yog qhov yooj yim rau kev paub, vim muaj qee yam cim:

  1. Tus neeg mob tsis txhob haus cawv tom qab haus cawv vim tias nws qias neeg.
  2. Hnub yav tsaus ntuj muaj kev hloov pauv, thiab dheev heev. Lub sijhawm no, tus neeg mob yuav zoo siab heev thiab nyob tsis tswm, sib tham tsis tu ncua, nrhiav tsis tau qhov chaw rau nws tus kheej.
  3. Ntxhais caj ceg nce.
  4. Tau pw tsaug zog. Nws ua tsis xis nyob thiab lub sij hawm luv luv, feem ntau tus neeg mob pom kev npau suav phem. Tom qab ntawd, insomnia kiag li tuaj yeem tshwm sim, uas ua rau muaj kev ntshai, kev ntxhov siab thiab kev ntxhov siab.
  5. Kev tsis pom kev tshwm sim, ob qho tib si mloog thiab pom. Tus neeg mob yuav pib hnov ntau lub suab uas hem nws. Cov duab pom uas tshwm sim yog qhov txaus ntshai heev. Qhov ntsuas ntawm cov kev hnov lus no tau nce ntxiv txhua hnub.

Tus mob no ntawm tus neeg haus cawv tuaj yeem kav ntev txog ob pebhnub.

delirium cov tsos mob
delirium cov tsos mob

Delirium cawv cov tsos mob

Cov tsos mob tseem ceeb ntawm kev haus dej cawv delirium yog:

  1. Visual hallucinations. Feem ntau, kev tawm tsam pib thaum yav tsaus ntuj thiab nce nrawm txaus. Ib tug neeg pib pom qhov kev xav ntawm cov duab, coj cov duab ntxoov ntxoo los ntawm cov khoom rau monsters. Hallucinations nyob ntawm qhov kev ntshai ntawm tus neeg mob. Qee qhov xwm txheej, cov kev xav tsis thoob no tsis pom los ntawm tus neeg raws li qhov tseeb, tab sis zoo ib yam li saib yeeb yaj kiab.
  2. Auditory hallucinations. Lawv tsis tshwm sim nyob rau hauv kev sib cais, tab sis, raws li ib tug txoj cai, nyob rau hauv ua ke nrog nrog rau qhov muag pom, thiab tag nrho cov txuas nrog lawv los ntawm lub ntsiab. Tus neeg mob yuav hnov ntau yam rustlings, qw, tsis tseeb thov kev pab lossis ceeb toom. Nws zoo nkaus li nws muaj ib yam dab tsi phem heev tshwm sim nyob ib puag ncig, nws xav pab, tab sis nws yog neeg tuag taus ntshai ua. Qee lub sij hawm nws tuaj yeem ua rau kev sib tham nrog cov neeg xav txog kev sib tham.
  3. Tactile hallucinations. Kev txav mus los thiab lub ntsej muag ntawm tus neeg uas haus dej cawv delirium yog tag nrho raws li lub zeem muag uas haunt nws. Tus neeg mob pib thawb tawm ntawm cov dab uas nws pom, txhuam lawv tawm, nkaum, nkaum hauv kaum. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus neeg zoo li no pom tseeb tias nws raug tom, raug ntaus, lossis lwm yam raug mob. Nyob rau lub sijhawm zoo li no, nws ua rau muaj kev phom sij loj rau lwm tus, vim tias nws tuaj yeem txeeb tau ib yam thiab xav tias yuav pib cawm ib tug neeg. Lwm qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo tuaj yeem yog kev tua tus kheej, uas yog kev sim kom deb ntawm cov suab uas tus neeg mob hnov hauv nws tus kheej.
  4. Kev tsis sib haum xeeb thaumsijhawm thiab qhov chaw. Lub xeev ntawm delirium yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev taw qhia yuam kev hauv qhov chaw thiab hauv lub sijhawm. Tus neeg mob yuav tsis paub tias nws nyob qhov twg, tsis paub txog nws cov txheeb ze, kev taw qhia hauv lub sijhawm kuj tseem muaj kev cuam tshuam. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tuaj yeem muab nws lub xeem, lub npe lossis lwm yam ntaub ntawv yam tsis muaj teeb meem.
delirium syndrome
delirium syndrome

Raws li txoj cai, yog tias tus neeg mob muaj qhov tsis txaus ntseeg tiag tiag, cov tsos mob tshwm sim thaum yav tsaus ntuj. Thaum nruab hnub, tus mob yuav zoo dua me ntsis, tab sis koj tseem yuav tsum tsis txhob tsis kam kho.

Muaj qee lub sijhawm thaum tus neeg mob cov tsos mob ntawm delirium yuav luag ploj mus. Tus mob no hu ua qhov lucid gap. Lub sijhawm no, tus neeg mob tuaj yeem hais tau yooj yim txog txhua qhov kev xav uas nws muaj.

Muaj feem cuam tshuam

Yog tias tsis kho, delirium (nws yog dab tsi, qhia thaum pib ntawm tsab xov xwm), nws tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem, tshwj xeeb yog kev hloov pauv ntawm lub cev:

  • kub nce, qee zaum nce mus txog 40 degrees;
  • ntshav siab, lub plawv dhia tsis xwm yeem;
  • dehydration;
  • nce hauv acidity;
  • nyuaj hauv kev txav;
  • tremor;
  • chim nrog hloov tawm hws, qee zaum tsis hnov tsw ntawm ko taw tsis huv;
  • daim siab;
  • paleness ntawm daim tawv nqaij los yog, conversely, nws redness.

Yog tias kev kho delirium tsis pib raws sijhawm, cov kev hloov pauv no tsis tuaj yeem zam tau. Nrog rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov teeb meem no, peb tuaj yeem tham txog qhov kev hloov pauv tsis tau ntawm cov txheej txheem.

delirium thiab nwsyam ntxwv
delirium thiab nwsyam ntxwv

Ntau zaus, qhov ua rau tuag ntawm cawv delirium yog comorbidities, xws li mob ntsws (xws li mob ntsws loj hauv 30% ntawm cov neeg mob), cardiomyopathy (lub plawv tsis ua hauj lwm), mob pancreatitis (ib qho ntawm feem ntau comorbidities ntawm cawv delirium.), mob raum tsis ua haujlwm, cerebral edema, rhabdomyolysis (skeletal leeg necrosis).

Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Ua Phem

Yuav kom tiv thaiv koj tus kheej los ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm delirium ntawm ntau lub hauv paus chiv keeb, koj yuav tsum tau ua kev tiv thaiv. Nws suav nrog cov haujlwm hauv qab no:

  • tuav lub neej noj qab nyob zoo, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog kev kho mob cawv thiab quav yeeb tshuaj;
  • kho raws sijhawm thiab raug ntawm ntau yam kab mob neurological thiab somatic kom tsis txhob muaj teeb meem tshwm sim;
  • nco ntsoov siv cov tshuaj, tsis kam noj tshuaj rau tus kheej, tshwj xeeb yog tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab, tshuaj tsaug zog, tranquilizers;
  • kev saib xyuas tom qab phais mob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov neeg laus.

Tus kws kho mob twg pab tau?

Yog tias koj xav tias kev txhim kho ntawm delirium hauv koj tsev neeg lossis phooj ywg, hu rau tus kws kho mob hlwb lossis tus kws kho mob narcologist. Tom qab ntawd nws yuav ua tau kom tsis txhob muaj qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo.

Pom zoo: