teeb meem hniav tuaj yeem ua rau muaj lwm yam kab mob, uas tuaj yeem loj heev. Tias yog vim li cas txhua yam kev puas tsuaj, suav nrog carious, yuav tsum raug tshem tawm sai li sai tau. Ua li no, tus kws kho hniav yuav tsum ua tib zoo kho cov kab noj hniav nrog cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb, peroxide, cawv, thiab tej zaum yuav tsim nyog tshem tawm cov hlab ntsha (pulp). Tom qab cov manipulations, tus kws kho mob muab ib tug filling, hom uas nyob ntawm qhov teeb meem nrog cov hniav, raws li zoo raws li lub peev xwm ntawm nyiaj txiag ntawm tus neeg mob. Qhov pheej yig tshaj thiab pheej yig tshaj yog cov hlau filling.
Cov khoom siv dab tsi?
Lwm lub npe rau cov hlau txhaws yog amalgam txhaws. Qhov no yog vim cov khoom siv los txhim kho lawv. Kev kho hniav hlau yog ib qho hlau ntawm mercury nrog ntau yam hlau (nyiaj lossis tooj liab).
Silver amalgam yog ib qho hlau uas, ntxiv rau cov nyiaj, suav nrog:
- tin (slows down the curing process);
- tooj liab (ua kom lub zog ntawm cov hlau thiab ua kom muaj kev sib cuag ntawm qhov txhaws nrog cov phab ntsa ntawm cov hniav);
- zinc;
- mercury.
Cov hlau kawg yog xav tau kom tau txais cov yas sib tov, uas yuav tawv sai heev tom qab kev teeb tsa.
tooj liab amalgam muaj tib yam muaj pes tsawg leeg, tab sis qhov piv ntawm cov khoom sib txawv kiag li. Hauv particular, qhov no siv rau cov proportions ntawm nyiaj thiab tooj liab. Hauv qhov no, cov tooj liab ntau dua, thiab tsuas yog ib feem me me ntawm cov tin thiab nyiaj.
txiaj ntsig
Ua ntej tshaj plaws, nws yog cov khoom siv hlau uas pheej yig tshaj plaws, uas txhais tau hais tias yuav luag txhua tus tuaj yeem them taus kom muaj cov hniav noj qab haus huv. Tsis tas li ntawd, lwm yam zoo ntawm cov khoom no sawv tawm:
- hardness thiab durability, uas lav kev siv lub sij hawm ntev ntawm kev sau, nws tsis tas yuav hloov pauv ib ntus, uas yuav txuag koj lub sijhawm thiab nyiaj txiag;
- yooj yim siv;
- impervious rau ya raws, yog li cov tshuaj yej lovers yuav tsis raug puas.
Kuj, nws yog nyiaj amalgam uas tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev rov tshwm sim ntawm caries.
Flaws
Ntau tus neeg mob tshuaj xyuas qhia tias cov khoom siv hlau kuj muaj qhov tsis zoo, uas yog qhov loj dua thiab tseem ceeb dua. Qhov kev xav no yog qhia los ntawm kws kho hniav. Yog vim li cas nyob rau hauv ntau lub teb chaws lawv tsis tau siv lawm, thiab nyob rau hauv Russia koj yuav tsis pom cov kws tshwj xeeb uas pom zoo muab xws li ib tug filling, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov chaw kho mob them.
Qhov tsis zoo tseem ceeb yog, raws li cov neeg mob thiab cov kws tshaj lij:
- phemstickiness;
- siab thermal conductivity (qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau mob hniav thaum sib cuag nrog zaub mov kub);
- hloov xim ntawm cov hniav, ntxiv rau, qhov txhaws nws tus kheej yog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov xim ntawm cov enamel (uas yog vim li cas lawv feem ntau muab tso rau ntawm cov hniav zom, qhov zoo nkauj ntawm qhov tsis tseem ceeb);
- muaj ib txwm saj ntawm hlau hauv lub qhov ncauj;
- qhov nyuaj ntawm kev txhim kho xws li txhaws, nrog rau lub sijhawm ua kom ntev ntev, uas yuav xav tau tsawg kawg ob teev rau tus kws kho hniav;
- shrinkage ntawm cov khoom, uas yuav ua rau cov hniav chipping, thiab vim li no, yuav tsum tau ntxiv kev cuam tshuam;
- cov khoom ntawm cov hlau muaj xws li mercury, uas cuam tshuam rau lub cev.
Puas cov filling no yuav tsum tau hloov?
Dhau li ntawm qhov no, txawm hais tias cov khoom siv no ruaj khov, nws tseem yuav tsum tau hloov cov ntsaws ruaj ruaj (lawv lub neej kev pabcuam yog 10 xyoo), txawm hais tias txoj cai no tsis quav ntsej los ntawm ntau tus. Muab tag nrho qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov hlau txhaws rau cov hniav, ntau tus kws tshaj lij tsis kam siv hom khoom siv no. Txawm hais tias qee zaum qhov no tau tso cai. Tsis tas li ntawd, ntau tus neeg mob txiav txim siab hloov cov hlau txhaws vim qhov hloov xim ntawm cov hniav nws tus kheej. Nws yuav siv sij hawm qhov tsis zoo saib thiab ua rau lub luag nyav ua rau tsis zoo.
YContraindications
Ntxiv rau qhov tsis xav tau qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo, nws tsim nyog xav txog qhov tseeb tias nws tsis yog ib txwm muaj peev xwm txhim kho cov ntsaws ruaj ruaj,txawm tias tus neeg mob hais rau nws. Cov contraindications yog:
- cov hniav pem hauv ntej;
- muaj lwm yam khoom hlau hauv qhov ncauj, txwv tsis pub qhov tshwm sim ntawm galvanism (galvanic tam sim no) yog ua tau;
- xov tooj cua kho lub puab tsaig lossis tag nrho lub ntsej muag.
Ham mob
Raws li tau hais dhau los, cov khoom siv hlau ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau kev noj qab haus huv, qee qhov ntau dua qhov zoo. Qhov no yog vim muaj cov mercury nyob rau hauv cov hlau, uas, thaum nws nkag mus rau hauv lub cev, tshuaj lom nws, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj ntau tshaj li ib tug filling nyob rau hauv lub qhov ncauj. Cov tsos mob tseem ceeb ntawm qhov tshwm sim yog:
- mob taub hau uas siv tsis tau tshem tawm los ntawm tshuaj;
- kev tsis haum tshuaj (yog tias lawv tsis nyob ntawd ua ntej, lawv tshwm sim, yog tias tus neeg mob tau muaj kev fab tshuaj ua ntej, nws yuav nruj dua);
- kev ua haujlwm thiab cov kabmob hauv lub raum.
Ntxiv rau, nws tseem tsis tau qhia meej tias cov hlau ntsaws ruaj ruaj yuav coj li cas yog tias lawv nkag mus rau thaj tsam ntawm cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, uas muaj ntau heev hauv chav niaj hnub, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias muaj cov khoos phis tawj thiab cov khoom siv hauv tsev.
Nws tseem tsim nyog sau cia tias qhov txhaws no tiv thaiv cov hniav ntawm kev puas tsuaj nkaus xwb thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm. Thaum muab tshem tawm, tus hniav yeej yuav tuag, thiab cov hlab ntsha kuj yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm.
Cov khoom siv li no tau siv dav hauv USSR. Cov neeg tau txais kev tso caithiab tsis tau txuas ntau yam teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv nrog cov hlau txhaws hauv txhua txoj kev. Txawm li cas los xij, kev tshawb fawb thiab kev tshuaj xyuas ntau ua pov thawj muaj qhov tsis zoo rau lub cev.
Cov poj niam cev xeeb tub puas tuaj yeem tau txais hlau txhaws?
Kev puas tsuaj tshwj xeeb yog tshwm sim los ntawm cov hlau ntim rau lub embryo yog tias nws niam tau kho li no ua ntej tus poj niam cev xeeb tub. Qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb tias mercury nyiam nkag mus rau tus menyuam lub cev los ntawm leej niam lub cev.
Hlau foob cov kauj ruam
txheej txheem kev teeb tsa yuav tshwm sim hauv peb theem:
- Tshem tawm thaj chaw muaj kab mob nrog kev xyaum tshwj xeeb. Raws li txoj cai, dentin raug puas tsuaj los ntawm caries, yog li ntawd, txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev kis tus kab mob, nws yuav tsum raug tshem tawm tag nrho lossis ib nrab. Kev siv tshuaj loog yog xaiv tau. Nrog nce rhiab heev ntawm cov hniav enamel, lawv tseem ua tshuaj loog rau hauv cov pos hniav.
- Kev nthuav dav thiab ua tiav ntawm cov kwj dej kho hniav kom rov qab ua dua. Nyob rau theem no, cov hlab ntsha kuj raug tshem tawm, yog tias tsim nyog, yog tias cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm cov hniav raug cuam tshuam hnyav heev. Yog tias qhov no tsis ua tiav, tus neeg mob yuav hnov qhov mob tsis txaus ntseeg. Txoj cai tseem ceeb ntawm theem yog ua raws li cov cai ntawm kev tua kab mob. Yog tias tag nrho cov kab mob pathogenic tsis raug tshem tawm, tom qab ntawd thaum cov kab noj hniav raug kaw nrog qhov txhaws, lawv yuav pib ua kom muaj zog thiab rhuav tshem cov hniav.
- Ncaj nraim. Nws yog nyob rau theem no uas tus kws kho mob ntxig amalgam rau hauv kwj dej. Muaj qee yam kev ceev faj uas yuav tsum tau ua kom tsis txhob poob, txwv tsis pub lub foob yuav deteriorate. Tsis pub dhau ob teev tom qab ziab, nws yog txwv tsis pub noj, haus luam yeeb, haus dej haus, txwv tsis pub kov tus hniav.
Hlau txhaws yog tshwj xeeb (kev tshuaj xyuas paub meej qhov no) nyob rau hauv uas lawv qhuav rau 2-3 teev. Tsis tas li ntawd, hnub tom qab koj yuav tsum tau mus ntsib kws kho hniav dua los txhuam qhov chaw. Qhov no yog tsim nyog nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav tsis ua puas lub qhov ncauj mucosa nrog roughness nyob rau saum npoo ntawm lub foob. Thaum muab tso kom zoo, tus neeg mob tsis hnov mob.
Raws li txoj cai, tus kws kho hniav tawm qhov lav rau nws txoj haujlwm. Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias lub neej kev pab cuam ntawm hlau ntsaws ruaj ruaj yog hais txog 10 xyoo, lub sij hawm warranty tsis pub tshaj ob xyoos. Lub sijhawm no, yog tias muaj kev puas tsuaj ncaj qha rau lub foob nws tus kheej lossis yog tias lub amalgam raug rhuav tshem, kev hloov lub qub foob nrog lub tshiab yog dawb xwb.
