Atherosclerosis ntawm ob txhais ceg yog ib qho mob hnyav ntawm cov hlab ntsha loj ntawm qhov xwm txheej, uas tshwm sim los ntawm kev ua txhaum ntawm lipid metabolism.
Yam dab tsi ua rau nws txoj kev loj hlob? Qhov laj thawj feem ntau yog dab tsi? Cov tsos mob dab tsi qhia tias muaj tus kab mob no? Thiab yuav kho li cas? Hnub no peb mus tham hluas nkauj.
Yog vim li cas
Atherosclerosis ntawm ob txhais ceg yog tshwm sim nyob rau hauv kev ua txhaum ntawm kev tso ntshav los ntawm cov hlab ntsha thiab tshwm sim ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg trophism. Raws li txoj cai, tus kab mob cuam tshuam rau cov hlab ntsha loj ntawm lub hauv siab thiab lub plab kab noj hniav. Thiab qhov no ua rau kev hloov pauv pathological hauv femoral, tibial thiab popliteal hlab ntsha. Hauv lawv, qhov kev tshem tawm tau txo qis ntau li 50-55%, thiab qee zaum ntau dua.
Raws li txoj cai, cov neeg muaj mob aortic aneurysm, kab mob plawv, lossis cov neeg uas muaj kev puas tsuaj rau cov hlab ntsha ntawm sab qis thiab lub hlwb.
Ntawm no yog qee yam paub uas ua rau muaj tus kabmob no:
- Nicotine tsim txom. Cov tshuaj no ua rau spasms ntawm cov hlab ntsha, thiab yog li tiv thaiv cov ntshav los ntawm cov hlab ntsha. Qhov tshwm sim yog atherosclerosis lossis thrombophlebitis.
- Ntau tshaj.
- Kev tsim txom cov khoom noj rog. Qhov no yog fraught nrog nce qib roj cholesterol.
- ntshav qab zib mellitus, arterial hypertension, txo qis cov thyroid hormones, thiab lwm yam.
- Kev ntxhov siab ntev, kev nyuaj siab, kev ntxhov siab ntau dhau-kev ntxhov siab.
- Heredity.
- ntshav siab.
- Nyob zoo ib tsoom phooj ywg.
- Txo lub cev muaj zog.
Nws tseem yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias atherosclerosis ntawm cov hlab ntsha ntawm ob txhais ceg feem ntau cuam tshuam rau txiv neej.
theem thiab cov tsos mob
Atherosclerosis ntawm qis qis ntawm ob txhais ceg tsim nyob rau hauv plaub theem:
- Thawj. Cov tsos mob: qaug zog hauv cov nyuj, hnov qab lub cev ua haujlwm ntev. Cov kab mob trophic kuj tshwm sim - qhov kev xav ntawm qhov txias ntawm ob txhais ceg thiab chilliness.
- Second. Cov tsos mob: mob thiab mob hauv ob txhais ceg, tshwm sim tom qab 150-200 meters. Kev xav zoo ib yam li qhov tshwm sim ntawm angina pectoris. Tsis tas li ntawd, ib tug neeg pom muaj zog ntawm cov plaub hau nyob rau hauv daim tawv nqaij ntawm qis extremities, tev tawm, tawm hws ntau thiab incomprehensible dawb me ntsis. Thaum lub sij hawm dhau mus, qhov mob yuav tshwm sim. Kev taug kev ib txwm hloov nrog lameness.
- Thib peb. Tus neeg mob tau ntsib nrog ischemia formidable "so". Txawm tias tag nrho so hauv cov leeg tsis tuaj yeem muab tag nrho cov as-ham thiab oxygen. Tom qab taug kev 5-10 meters, ib tug neeg hnov zoo tib yam mobUa ntej ntawm qhov deb ntawm 200 m. Cov tsos mob hauv qab no tshwm sim: kev ua txhaum ntawm lub cev muaj zog thiab kev hnov mob impulses, loog loog, qhov kub thiab txias ntawm daim tawv nqaij rhiab heev, kev xav ntawm "goosebumps", foliation ntawm cov rau tes. Tsis tas li ntawd nres kho abrasions thiab tawg. Qee qhov chaw ntawm ko taw siv xim tooj liab.
- Plaub. Nyob rau theem no, qhov mob hauv ob txhais ceg nrog atherosclerosis ua tsis tau. Cov ntaub so ntswg loj necrosis tau pom, feem ntau ntub lossis qhuav gangrene tshwm sim. Sepsis, cachexia, intoxication tshwm.
thawj tus tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob no yog chilliness nyob rau hauv ob txhais taw thiab ntiv tes, nrog rau kev rhiab heev rau qhov txias, ua rau muaj kev xav hnav thom khwm sov. Cov hlab ntsha hauv ko taw kuj yuav ploj mus.
Diagnosis
txhawm rau txheeb xyuas tus kab mob no, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua qhov kev kuaj mob dav dav, uas suav nrog:
- Kev txheeb xyuas cov tsos mob tshwj xeeb.
- Kev txheeb xyuas cov xwm txheej txaus ntshai uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj tus kabmob.
- Kev Tshawb Fawb.
- Instrumental diagnostics.
Ua ntej qhov no, kev kuaj palpation ntawm qis qis yog ua tiav. Thaum lub sij hawm kev ntsuam xyuas, kev saib xyuas rau qhov txo qis hauv cov plaub hau, ua kom tsis muaj zog ntawm cov mem tes, atrophy ntawm cov leeg nqaij, ua kom qeeb ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm cov ntsia hlau daim hlau thiab lawv cov thickening.
Kuj ib yam tsos mob yog blanching ntawm ko taw thaum lifting thiab khoov ko taw, uas tig liab sharply thaum nws rov qab mus rau qhov qub chaw.
Lwm tus kws kho mob-tus kws kho mob angiologist yuav tsum txiav txim siab qhov ntsuas pob taws-brachial los ntawm kev ntsuas thiab sib piv systolic siab hauv ob qho tib si.
Tus kws kho mob, tau ua txhua yam kev ntsuas tsim nyog, tuaj yeem kuaj pom tus kab mob txawm tias muaj kev kawm asymptomatic. Los ntawm kev tshawb fawb hauv chav kuaj ua:
- Tag nrho cov cholesterol test.
- Kawm qib ntawm triglycerides.
- Kev txiav txim siab ntawm qib "tsis zoo" thiab "zoo" cov roj (LDL thiab HDL).
- Atherogenic index tsom xam.
- Kawm txog c-reactive protein, qib creatinine thiab lub raum pom tus nqi.
Instrumental txoj kev siv los lees paub qhov kev kuaj mob. Raws li txoj cai, cov no yog ultrasound, MRI, radiopaque angiography thiab ultrasound kuaj ntawm lub thickness ntawm lub puab txheej ntawm phab ntsa vascular.
Kev tshwm sim thiab teeb meem
Atherosclerosis ntawm ob txhais ceg yog ib yam kab mob uas koj yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo saib thaum nws tshwm sim thawj zaug. Tsis muaj qhov xwm txheej yuav tsum tsis quav ntsej cov tsos mob. Txwv tsis pub, trophic rwj ntawm sab ceg lossis ko taw yuav tshwm sim. Qhov no yog fraught nrog irreversible poob ntawm limb functions. Thiab cov kab mob uas tsis kho tau ntev yuav ua rau mob malignant (hloov mus rau hauv kev tsim malignant).
Cov teeb meem Necrotic kuj tshwm sim, gangrene yuav pib loj hlob sai. Yog tias tsis ntsuas qhov tsim nyog, kev tuag tshwm sim.
Kev ua haujlwm
Atherosclerosis ntawm cov hlab ntsha ntawm ob txhais ceg hauv thawj theem yog amenable rau kev kho tshuaj. Tab sis yog tias tus kab mob no nyuaj, ces phaiskev cuam tshuam.
Cov hlab ntsha txhaws tuaj yeem kho tau los ntawm kev ua haujlwm tsis muaj ntshav. Muaj raws li angioplasty. Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm no, lub zais pa tshwj xeeb yog txhaj rau hauv cov hlab ntsha, npog nrog tshuaj, uas yog absorbed sai sai rau hauv cov hlab ntsha. Cov kab mob yog tshem tawm, thiab txoj kab uas hla ntawm lub tubular kab mob yog normalized. Cov ntshav pib ntws mus rau txhua qhov chaw ntawm sab qis.
Txoj haujlwm no muaj ntau yam zoo. Txhawm rau nkag mus rau lub zais pa, koj xav tau ib qho me me. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev siv tshuaj loog tsis tas yuav tsum tau, qhov tshuaj loog hauv zos txaus. Kev ua haujlwm yog nqa tawm sai, thiab tus neeg mob pib taug kev hnub tom ntej. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev koom nrog tus kabmob yog xoom.
Nrog obliterating atherosclerosis ntawm ob txhais ceg, koj tuaj yeem hais tau zoo los ntawm kev phais bypass. Los ntawm kev txhim kho ib qho intravascular prosthesis, nws yog qhov ua tau tiag tiag los tiv thaiv kev tsim cov plaques thiab qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo. Tab sis rau qhov kev ua haujlwm no, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau ua ib qho kev phais nyob rau sab sauv ntawm tus ncej puab.
Kuj shunting pab kom tshem tau cov blockages hauv thaj chaw loj. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, ntau-storey shunts tau ua, ua rau nws muaj peev xwm hloov chaw noj qab haus huv nrog prostheses.
Txawm li cas los xij, txoj haujlwm no tsis tshwm sim rau txhua tus. Koj tsis tuaj yeem ua nws yog tias muaj ntshav siab, edematous syndrome, angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, thiab lwm yam.
Tsis tas li ntawd, kev ua haujlwm shunting thiab lwm yam haujlwm tsis muaj nuj nqis yog tias tus neeg mob tau poob lub cev muaj zog. Hauv qhov no, lawv txiav txim siab tsuas yog txoj cai uas tuaj yeem cawm tib neeg txoj sia - txhawm rau txiav ceg.
Bile acid sequestrants
Tshuaj ntawm pab pawg no tau muab rau kev kho mobceg atherosclerosis. Lawv pab tiv nrog kev nce qib hauv cov roj cholesterol. Sequestrants adsorb bile acids hauv plab. Yog li, lub siab poob lawv. Thiab vim li ntawd, nws pib tsim cov kua qaub los ntawm cov roj cholesterol. Vim li ntawd, nws cov nyiaj hauv lub cev txo qis.
Txhawm rau txo cov tsos mob ntawm atherosclerosis ntawm ob txhais ceg, nrog rau txhawm rau txhim kho tus neeg mob tus mob, tus kws kho mob yuav sau cov tshuaj hauv qab no:
- Colestipol (Colestid).
- Quantalan.
- Questran.
- YCholestyramine.
Ib tshuaj tshwj xeeb tsuas yog tom qab kuaj. Vim tias muaj contraindications thiab tej zaum yuav muaj kev phiv. Ntawm lawv: los ntshav los ntawm txoj hnyuv, daim tawv nqaij ua pob, dyspepsia, kub siab, pancreatitis, raws plab, xeev siab, ntuav, thiab lwm yam.
Nyob zoo Statins
Hauv kev kho mob atherosclerosis ntawm ob txhais ceg, tshuaj ntawm pab pawg no kuj tau noj. Los ntawm kev siv lawv, koj tuaj yeem txo cov synthesis ntawm cov cholesterol los ntawm lub siab. Cov no yog cov tshuaj siv tau zoo heev uas tau muab rau cov neeg uas raug kev kub ntxhov, ntshav qab zib, kab mob plawv thiab angina pectoris.
Tab sis statins muaj ntau yam kev phiv. Tus kws kho mob ua ntej muab tshuaj rau hauv pab pawg no hnyav tag nrho cov kev pheej hmoo, thiab tseem ntsuas cov txiaj ntsig zoo. Cov kev kho hauv qab no tuaj yeem raug sau:
- Y "Simvastatin". Txo cov roj cholesterol los ntawm 38%.
- Y "Pravastatin". Txo LDL concentration los ntawm 54%. Tus nqi ntawm kev nqis tes ua thiab kev ua haujlwm nce ntxiv raws li koob tshuaj tau nce.
- Mecavor. Zoo sib xws hauv kev ua thiab muaj pes tsawg leeg rau cov tshuaj yav dhau los.
- Choletar. Txo cov qib ntawm tag nrho cov roj cholesterol hauv cov ntshav, nrog rau LDL. Nws kuj ua rau kom cov lipoproteins ntau ntom ntom. Tshem tawm qhov mob, txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov ntshav txhaws thiab stabilizes cov plaques uas twb muaj lawm hauv lub lumen.
Cov kev mob tshwm sim muaj xws li flatulence, pancreatitis, kab mob siab, mob pob txha pob txha, pw tsaug zog, anemia, ua xua, txo hwj chim, los ntshav thiab myopathy.
Fibrates
Thaum kho atherosclerosis ntawm cov ntiv taw, koj yuav tsum tau noj tshuaj ntawm pab pawg no. Fibrates pab txo qhov tsim cov rog hauv lub cev. Lawv ua tau zoo, tab sis kuj ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov pob zeb hauv lub gallstone thiab, feem ntau, tsis zoo rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm daim siab.
Tsuas muaj ob txoj kev nrov ntawm pawg no:
- "Clofibrate". Blocks cov roj cholesterol biosynthesis thiab txhawb nws txoj kev tawg. Nws thins cov ntshav thiab tiv thaiv platelets los ntawm kev ua ke. Cov kev mob tshwm sim muaj xws li ntuav thiab raws plab, cov leeg tsis muaj zog, cov kua tsib stasis, thiab txo cov ntshav qab zib.
- "Bezafibrat". Zoo ib yam li cov tshuaj yav dhau los. Nws raug sau tseg kom txo cov roj cholesterol thiab lipoproteins hauv cov ntshav.
Ntawm cov tshuaj tsis muaj tshuaj lom thiab tsis muaj teeb meem ntau dua, Gemfibrozil thiab Fenofibrate tau sau tseg. Cov tshuaj no muaj cov npe luv luv ntawm cov kev mob tshwm sim thiab contraindications.
Nicotinic Acid Y
Qhov noCov tshuaj kuj tseem siv los txo cov tsos mob ntawm atherosclerosis ntawm ob txhais ceg thiab kho qhov mob no. Ntawm no yog cov khoom ntawm nicotinic acid:
- Vasodilation.
- Txo LDL cov ntsiab lus. Ib koob tshuaj txhua hnub txo cov roj cholesterol li 10% thiab triglycerides ntau npaum li 28%.
- Normalization ntawm ntshav siab.
- Kev sib cais ntawm cov ntshav txhaws tsim hauv cov hlab ntsha.
Nicotinic acid muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj ampoules, ntsiav tshuaj thiab hmoov. Cov koob tshuaj yog txiav txim los ntawm tus kws kho mob, tab sis, raws li txoj cai, 3-5 grams tauj ib hnub yog txaus. Kev txais tos pib nrog me me (0.1 g peb zaug hauv ib hnub), thiab tom qab ntawd coj mus rau qhov siab tshaj plaws los ntawm kev ntxiv txhua 5 hnub, 0.1 g ib qho kev txais tos.
Thoob plaws hauv kev kho mob atherosclerosis ntawm cov hlab ntsha ntawm ob txhais ceg nrog nicotinic acid, tus neeg mob yuav tsum tau saib xyuas kev kho mob. Vim tias cov tshuaj no cuam tshuam rau daim siab thiab ntshav qabzib, thiab yog li ntawd tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qhov tsis zoo.
Kev noj haus
Txhawm rau tshem tawm cov tsos mob ntawm atherosclerosis ntawm cov hlab ntsha ntawm ob txhais ceg, nrog rau txhawm rau txhim kho cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev kho tshuaj, koj yuav tsum ua raws li kev noj zaub mov kom raug. Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev noj haus yog kom normalize metabolism, txhim kho cov ntshav ncig thiab txo qhov hnyav.
Nov yog yam koj yuav tsum tau tshem tawm ntawm koj cov zaub mov:
- khoom los ntawm cov khoom qab zib thiab puff pastry.
- Any fast food.
- nceb, ntses thiab nqaij broths.
- Ciav rog.
- nqaij npuas, os, lub hlwb, lub raum, mob siab.
- nqaij haus luam yeeb, cov kaus poom,sausages.
- Ntses (fatty, smoked, s alted) and caviar.
- -nceb, spinach, sorrel, radish, radish.
- Cov khoom nrog cream, ice cream, chocolate.
- Cocoa, kas fes, tshuaj yej.
- Sugar.
- Grapes thiab raisins.
- Y Qe yolks, semolina thiab mov grits.
- pasta.
- Cawv thiab haus luam yeeb.
Tab sis koj tuaj yeem noj dab tsi nrog atherosclerosis ntawm ob txhais ceg:
- YNtsuab peas, qos yaj ywm, zaub qhwv, taub dag, zucchini, carrots, eggplant, beets, dib, txiv lws suav.
- Green.
- Vinaigrettes thiab zaub xam lav seasoned nrog zaub roj.
- Seaweed (txhua hnub).
- nqaij npua qis, nqaij hnyuv ntxwm, cheese unleavened.
- Rye, grain, peeled, soy and wheat bread.
- Crushed porridge ua los ntawm barley, millet, oatmeal thiab buckwheat.
- Raw berries thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Koj tuaj yeem ua jellies thiab compotes tawm ntawm lawv.
- Mis thiab lws suav kua zaub (ntawm cov zaub tsis muaj zog).
- Nplej bran thiab rosehip broth (txhua hnub).
- qej tshiab.
Nws raug pom zoo ua zaub mov los ntawm steaming lossis los ntawm boiling. Tsis tas li, qee cov khoom tuaj yeem ci. Tab sis txhua yam rog, kib, tsim kev puas tsuaj yuav tsum tau tso tseg.
Huab cua
Qhov tshwm sim ntawm atherosclerosis ntawm cov hlab ntsha ntawm ob txhais ceg yog nyob ntawm ntau yam. Qhov hnyav ntawm cov tsos mob, heredity, dynamics ntawm tus kab mob kev loj hlob,hnub nyoog thiab kev noj qab haus huv. Kev ua raws li cov lus pom zoo kho mob thiab kev kho mob muaj peev xwm kuj tseem ceeb.
Koj tuaj yeem kho tau tag nrho yog tias kuaj pom atherosclerosis ntawm cov ceg tawv (ceg) ntawm thawj theem. Thiab tom qab ntawd, hauv tus neeg mob uas muaj keeb kwm tsis yooj yim.
Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, nrog rau kev kho mob thiab tus neeg mob txoj kev pab hauv cov txheej txheem kho, tus kab mob yuav raug tswj xyuas. Ib tug neeg yuav zam kev xiam oob khab, tiv thaiv kev txhim kho ntawm cov teeb meem, thiab tseem khaws cov haujlwm ntawm lub caj dab.
Kev Tiv Thaiv
Yuav kom tsis txhob ntsib tus kab mob tsis zoo no, koj yuav tsum ua raws li kev ua neej tsim nyog. Nov yog qee cov lus qhia tiv thaiv:
- Yuav tsum tsis txhob haus luam yeeb.
- Ua lub neej nquag, muab koj tus kheej nrog yam tsawg kawg ntawm lub cev ua si.
- Ntau zaus taug kev hauv huab cua ntshiab, mus ua luam dej, gymnastics. Qhov no yuav pab txhawb koj cov metabolism thiab hlawv cov calories ntau dhau ua ntej lawv hloov mus ua cov kab mob sclerotic.
- Tsis txhob rhuav koj lub sijhawm noj tshuaj yog tias koj muaj ntshav qab zib lossis ntshav siab.
- Eat a balanced diet.
- Ua kom koj cov zaub mov muaj cov vitamins, antioxidants, minerals, cog fibers thiab polyunsaturated fatty acids.
- Txhim khoom qab zib thiab khoom noj khoom haus tsawg.
Thiab, tau kawg, nws tsim nyog muaj kev kuaj dav dav tsawg kawg ib xyoos ib zaug. Yog li koj tuaj yeem ua kom paub tseeb tias koj muaj zogkev noj qab haus huv, lossis thaum ntxov, asymptomatic theem, kuaj pom tus kab mob thiab pib kho nws. Qhov no yuav siv sij hawm tsawg dua, ntxhov siab thiab nyiaj txiag, thiab tseem yuav pab kom tsis txhob muaj teeb meem.
