Gastritis yog ib qho mob ntawm lub plab mucosa, nrog rau kev ua txhaum ntawm ntau lub luag haujlwm. Daim ntawv mob ntev ntawm tus kab mob no muaj ntau heev thiab yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev kawm ntev. Ntau tshaj 50% ntawm cov pejxeem raug kev txom nyem los ntawm qhov teeb meem no.
Ua ntej txiav txim siab seb yuav kho mob gastritis ntev npaum li cas, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nkag siab tias dab tsi ua rau nws loj hlob, cov tsos mob thiab dab tsi raws nraim tus kab mob no.
Tus kab mob
mob plab raws li ICD 10 (K 29.3) yog qhov mob mus ntev ntawm cov mucosa uas tshwm sim los ntawm kev cuam tshuam ntawm tshuaj lom neeg, kab mob thiab kev siv tshuab. Tus kab mob no yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm qhov tseeb tias muaj kev hloov pauv loj hauv cov kab mob plab hnyuv, vim tias cov txheej txheem zom zaub mov raug cuam tshuam.
Nrog rau kev txhim kho tom qab ntawm qhov mob, tsim cov kab mob thiab yaig yog provoked. Yog li ntawd nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub yuav ua li cas kho tus kab mob kom zoo kom tsis txhob muaj kab mob hnyav dua, xws li mob plab lossis mob plab.
Cov neeg muaj tus kab mob no paub zoo tias nws ua rau muaj tus mob dab tsi. Yog tias koj muaj kev tsis xis nyob hauv lub plab, koj yuav tsum hu rau tus kws kho mob gastroenterologist tam sim rau kev kuaj mob thiab kev kho mob tom ntej.
Yuav ua li cas yog hom
mob plab raws li ICD 10 tau muab faib ua ntau hom. Daim ntawv ntawm tus kabmob muaj tus lej K 29.3, atrophic - K 29.4. Tsis tas li ntawd, lwm hom kab mob gastritis yog qhov txawv, txawm li cas los xij, lawv txhua tus hais txog kev mob plab nrog kev ua txhaum ntawm lub plab zom mov, nrog rau kev puas tsuaj ntawm mucosa. Nws tshwm sim nrog cov tsos mob tsis txaus, txawm li cas los xij, kev rov ua dua tuaj yeem tshwm sim ib ntus. Muaj ntau ntau hom kab mob no, tab sis nws tsim nyog sau cia tias tsis muaj cov ntsiab lus tshwj xeeb ntawm kev faib tawm. Tshwj xeeb, peb tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv ntawm cov kab mob xws li:
- atrophic;
- superficial;
- atrophic hyperplastic;
- hypertrophic.
Cov kab mob gastritis uas tshwm sim thaum ntxov yog kuaj pom los ntawm kev noj zaub mov. Thaum lub sij hawm exacerbation, muaj kev nthuav dav ntawm thaj chaw infiltrate, necrosis ntawm epithelium, thiab tsim cov erosions.
Thaum ib daim ntawv atrophic ntawm gastritis tshwm sim, cov mucosal hlwb yog malnourished, uas ua rau atrophy ntawm lub plab thiab lub puab txheej. Qee lub sij hawm cov hlwb tuaj yeem tuag tag, yog li ntawd, tam sim ntawd tom qab kuaj pom, txoj kev kho mob yuav tsum tau nqa tawm los tiv thaivqhov tshwm sim ntawm cov teeb meem.
Antral gastritis yog hais txog hom superficial thiab lub ntsiab ua rau nws tshwm sim yog kab mob Helicobacter pylori. Inflamation yog localized nyob rau hauv lub antrum thiab ua rau ib tug deterioration nyob rau hauv lub digestion txheej txheem.
Erosive gastritis yog nrog los ntawm kev tsim erosions ntawm qhov chaw ntawm mucosa. Kev haus dej haus cawv, cov kab mob, nrog rau kev noj qee yam tshuaj ua rau nws tshwm sim. Nws tuaj yeem ua rau mob plab los ntshav, yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nrhiav kev pab kho mob raws sij hawm.
Reflux gastritis tshwm sim thaum cov kua tsib nkag mus rau hauv plab. Qhov no tshwm sim thaum cov leeg tsis muaj zog, thiab ua rau cov kua tsib nyob ntev ntev ua rau mob.
gastritis nrog qis acidity tshwm sim tsuas yog rau cov neeg laus thiab cov neeg laus. Kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob tuaj yeem tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev, nws tag nrho yog nyob ntawm tus yam ntxwv ntawm tib neeg lub cev. Muaj ob peb theem ntawm kev mob plab, tshwj xeeb, xws li:
- antral;
- polypous;
- focal.
Tsis tas li ntawd, tej zaum yuav muaj cov kab mob uas ib txwm tso tawm. Hom kab mob gastritis no feem ntau pom hauv cov menyuam yaus thiab cov hluas. Yog tias tsis kho raws sijhawm, qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kab mob.
Kev tshwm sim
Qhov ua rau mob gastritis ntev rau cov neeg laus thiab menyuam yaus tau muab faib ua endogenous thiab exogenous. Ntawm cov laj thawj tseem ceeb, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau hais txog xws li:
- noj tsis raws sijhawm;
- overeating or starving;
- noj zaub mov tsis raug;
- tsim txom ntsim, rog, haus luam yeeb;
- kub lossis dej txias;
- kas fes;
- dej;
- noj khoom tsis zoo.
Kev haus luam yeeb ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij, vim nicotine provokes lub thickening ntawm phab ntsa ntawm lub plab, nrog rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm neoplasms. Txawm hais tias ib koob tshuaj ntawm "Aspirin" feem ntau tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm petechial hemorrhages thiab microerosions. Kev siv qee yam tshuaj mus ntev tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev mob plab ntev.
Cov xwm txheej endogenous tuaj yeem ua rau qhov pib ntawm tus kab mob, tshwj xeeb, xws li:
- ntshav qab zib;
- raum tsis ua haujlwm;
- yam khoom muaj nqis;
- ua xua;
- kab mob plawv.
Dystrophic hloov nyob rau hauv lub plab mucosa tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov kab mob ua pa. Txawm hais tias qhov ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev kho mob gastritis nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm kom tsis txhob muaj teeb meem.
Cov tsos mob tseem ceeb
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev kom paub cov tsos mob tseem ceeb ntawm tus kab mob gastritis ntev kom koj thiaj li paub txog tus kab mob no raws sij hawm thiab kho nws. Txawm hais tias nws qhov tshwm sim, nws yog qhov txaus ntshai heev, vim tias yog tias koj tsis ua tib zoo saib cov cim qhia ntawm tus kab mob lossis sim kho nws tus kheej, ces qhov tshwm sim tuaj yeem tshwm sim.nyuaj heev.
Nws tsuas yog tsis yooj yim sua kom kho tus kab mob kom tiav, yog li ntawd, rov tshwm sim ib ntus. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ua kev kho mob tsis yog tsuas yog txhawm rau tshem tawm cov tsos mob uas twb muaj lawm, tab sis kuj txhawm rau txo qhov mob. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev kom nkag siab tias dab tsi yog cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob gastritis ntev thaum lub sij hawm tshem tawm thiab thaum lub sij hawm exacerbation.
Nws tuaj yeem xav tias yuav kis tus kab mob thaum lub sijhawm tshem tawm los ntawm cov cim xws li:
- hnyav tom qab noj;
- mob plab;
- poob qab los;
Cov tsos mob me me thiab feem ntau tus neeg mob tsis ua tib zoo mloog lossis sim ua kom qhov mob ntawm nws tus kheej poob. Yog tias qhov mob tsis tau ua rau tus cwj pwm dav, ces cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob tshwm sim ib ntus thiab tej zaum yuav cuam tshuam nrog kev noj zaub mov. Yog hais tias tus naj npawb ntawm relapses nce, ces peb yuav tham txog exacerbation ntawm mob gastritis.
Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, cov cim qhia lawv tus kheej nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev sib txawv thiab feem ntau nyob ntawm seb hom kab mob, nws theem, thiab tus mob ntawm lub mucosa. Nws tsuas tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas los ntawm cov tsos mob dav dav, tshwj xeeb xws li:
- mob sab thiab hauv plab;
- kub hnyiab hauv txoj hlab pas;
- nausea;
- ntua;
- cua txias.
Tsis tas li ntawd, ua pa tsis zoo tuaj yeem ua qhov pom tseeb ntawm kev ua txhaum ntawm lub cev. Ntau tus neeg nco ntsoov tias tus mob no tsuas yog pom thaum lub sijhawm tshaib plab xwb.
Nrog acidity tsawg hauv plabme ntsis hydrochloric acid yog tsim. Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov no, nws tsis yooj yim sua kom zom tag nrho cov zaub mov uas poob rau hauv ib pob hauv qab ntawm lub plab thiab pib rot. Qhov no ua rau cov tsos mob xws li:
- lwj saj thiab tsw tsw phem;
- kev tshaib plab;
- nausea;
- bloating;
- xav tawv tawv hauv plab;
- mob plab;
- ntuav hauv qhov nyuaj.
Nyob zoo ib tsoom phooj ywg;
Nrog nce acidity, ntau lawm ntawm hydrochloric acid yog pom. Nws tsis tsuas yog pab zom zaub mov, tab sis kuj ua rau khaus ntawm lub plab mucosa. Qhov no yog qhov txaus ntshai tshwj xeeb thaum lub sijhawm muaj kev tshaib kev nqhis. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, muaj mob hnyav, ib qho tsis kaj siab qaub saj nyob rau hauv lub qhov ncauj thiab belching, kub hauv plab.
Diagnostics
Thaum cov tsos mob txaus ntshai tshwm sim, kev kuaj mob dav dav ntawm tus kab mob gastritis yog qhov tseem ceeb heev, uas yuav pab txiav txim seb tus kab mob txaus ntshai thiab ua tiav kev kho mob. Txhawm rau paub txog cov txheej txheem pathological, tus kws kho mob ua qhov kev ntsuam xyuas sab nraud ntawm tus neeg mob, palpation, kev txiav txim siab ntawm acid-forming functions.
Kev tshawb fawb thiab ntsuas ntsuas tseem ceeb, suav nrog:
- kuaj zis thiab ntshav;
- kev kawm kua txiv plab;
- kuaj hluav taws xob;
- gastroscopy;
- kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov qauv ntawm cov hlwb epithelial.
Ntxiv rau, kev tshawb fawb ntxiv yuav tsum tsis suav nrog kev xaukab mob uas muaj cov tsos mob zoo sib xws.
Kev kho mob
Yuav ua li cas kho mob gastritis ntev yuav pab txiav txim siab tsuas yog tus kws kho mob tuaj koom. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog kom tsis txhob muaj kev loj hlob ntawm cov txheej txheem pathological. Kev kho mob yog txhawm rau tshem tawm cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob los ntawm:
- siv tshuaj;
- tshuaj kho neeg thiab cov tswv yim;
- ua raws li kev noj haus tshwj xeeb.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum muaj lub sijhawm noj mov, nrog rau kev tawm dag zog thiab lub neej nquag. Qee zaum tus neeg mob tau txais kev kho mob spa thiab kho lub cev. Kev cuam tshuam kev phais tsis tau ua tiav, txij li cov txheej txheem kho tau zoo nrog tus kab mob no.
kev kho mob
Tshuaj kho mob gastritis nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub yog xaiv ib tus zuj zus. Tshwj xeeb, thaum muaj tus kab mob uas tsis tshua muaj acidity, tus kws kho mob yuav sau cov tshuaj xws li Panzinorm lossis Pepsidil. Cov tshuaj no ua rau kom muaj cov hydrochloric acid hauv plab.
Nrog rau qhov ncauj qhov ntswg nrog cov kua qaub siab, cov tshuaj xws li Ajiflux lossis Maalox tau sau tseg. Tsis tas li ntawd, receptor blockers raug sau tseg, xws li Gastromax, inhibitors - Omez.
Thaum kuaj pom tus kab mob Helicobacter, qhia txog kev kho tshuaj tua kab mob, uas muaj nyob rau hauv kev tswj hwm ib txhij ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob, nrog rau cov tshuaj tua kab mob. Ib qho cuab yeej zoo heev rauKev kho mob ntawm tus kab mob yog cov tshuaj "De-nol". Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev kho mob implies siv cov tshuaj uas normalize lub plab zom mov. Cov nyiaj no suav nrog: "Motilium", "Domperidone-stoma".
Txoj hauv kev ntawm kev kho neeg
Kev kho mob ntawm cov kab mob gastritis ntev yog siv los kho cov kab mob nrog cov acidity ib txwm muaj. Rau kev kho mob, ntau yam decoctions ntawm tshuaj ntsuab tshuaj ntsuab yog siv. Koj tuaj yeem ua nws los ntawm kev noj 1 tsp. chamomile thiab yarrow paj. Tom qab ntawd ncuav 250 ml ntawm boiling dej tshaj lub resulting sib tov thiab tawm mus rau infuse ib hmos. Thaum sawv ntxov, lim cov khoom tiav thiab noj 3 zaug hauv ib hnub ua ntej noj mov.
Nrog kev pab los ntawm pej xeem cov tshuaj, mob gastritis nrog qis acidity yuav kho tau. Ua li no, koj muaj peev xwm npaj ib tug decoction ntawm ib tug sib tov ntawm wormwood, mint, chamomile, St. John lub wort thiab cumin txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Tag nrho cov tshuaj ntsuab yuav tsum tau noj nyob rau hauv sib npaug proportions. Muab tag nrho cov no tso rau hauv ib lub tais tob, ncuav boiling dej tshaj nws, thiab ces tawm mus rau infuse rau 12 teev. Lim cov khoom tiav thiab noj 0.5 tbsp. ua ntej noj. Cov kev kho mob zoo li no tuaj yeem siv los ntawm thawj cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob.
Khoom noj khoom haus
Ib yam yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej rau kev kho mob yog ua raws li kev noj zaub mov kom mob plab, uas yuav ua rau kom rov zoo dua. Nutritionists pom zoo kom ua raws li kev noj zaub mov kom raug thaum lub sij hawm rov qab los thiab thaum tshem tawm. Nws yuav muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau haus mashed zaub soups,boiled los yog steamed nqaij, lean ntses, thiab crackers.
Kev noj zaub mov rau cov kab mob gastritis ntev txwv tsis pub noj cov zaub mov uas tsis tuaj yeem noj tau ua txhaum txoj kev zom zaub mov, nrog rau cov kab mob ntawm lub plab thiab cov hnyuv. Cov no suav nrog cov kua zaub nplua nuj, cov nqaij haus luam yeeb, pastries tshiab, qe kib, ntsim thiab qab ntsev.
prophylaxis
Thaum tus kab mob kis mus, nws tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum ua raws li cov lus pom zoo tshwj xeeb. Cov kab mob gastritis ntev heev, uas yog vim li cas nws thiaj li tsim nyog ua cov kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv, uas suav nrog:
- kev noj qab haus huv;
- txiav luam yeeb thiab cawv;
- kev huv huv ntawm qhov ncauj;
- kho kab mob ntawm lub plab zom mov.
Thaum mob plab hnyuv loj tshwm sim rau cov neeg laus uas muaj acidity tsawg, yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas txhua xyoo. Koj yuav tsum noj zaub mov me me 5-6 zaug hauv ib hnub. Hauv qhov no, koj yuav tsum zom zaub mov kom zoo.
Cov tais diav yuav tsum nyob rau hauv daim ntawv sov, thiab tseem tsis suav nrog cov khoom noj khoom haus niaj hnub uas ua rau khaus ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob, nws raug nquahu rau cov neeg uas muaj acidity tsawg kom noj zaub mov xws li:
- zaub thiab zaub kua zaub;
- nqaij npua;
- omelette;
- porridge.
Yog tus neeg muaj acidity siab, ces koj tuaj yeem noj zaub mov xws li:
- zaub siav raukhub niam txiv;
- nqaij thiab ntses;
- mashed zaub soups;
- porridge;
- omelette;
- txiv hmab txiv ntoo qab zib thiab berries.
Ntxiv rau, nws yuav tsum tau saib xyuas qhov mob tshwm sim hauv plab hauv lub sijhawm thiab thaum cov tsos mob tshwm sim, tam sim ntawd sab laj tus kws kho mob uas yuav pab txiav txim seb tus kab mob thiab xaiv txoj kev kho mob li cas.
Kev rov qab los ntawm tus kab mob
Nrog rau qhov exacerbation ntawm gastritis ntev, cov tsos mob feem ntau nyob ntawm seb hom kab mob. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev noj haus thiab kev ua neej ntawm tus neeg mob yog qhov tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb. Yog tias koj ua raws li kev noj zaub mov tshwj xeeb, tom qab ntawd gastritis tshwm sim hauv daim ntawv me me, tsis ua rau muaj kev tsis xis nyob ntau. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias muaj mob gastritis ntev tus neeg mob haus cawv, tsis ua raws li kev noj haus ib txwm muaj, ces qhov exacerbation yuav tshwm sim sai sai.
Tus mob no tuaj yeem kho tau hauv tsev, txawm li cas los xij, nruj me ntsis raws li tus kws kho mob saib xyuas. Nyob rau hauv tshwj xeeb tshaj yog mob hnyav, nrog exacerbation ntawm mob gastritis, yuav tsum tau mus pw hauv tsev kho mob, vim hais tias xws li ib tug mob yuav ua rau tuag taus. Ntawm cov cim tseem ceeb ntawm kev rov qab los, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom pom xws li:
- mob hauv lub hnub ci plexus;
- tawg quav;
- xeev siab thiab ntuav;
- kev tsis txaus siab;
- nce salivation.
x
Thaum muaj qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov kab mob erosive gastritis tshwm sim, ntxiv rau cov tsos mob, ntuav nrog cov ntshav impurities kuj pom. Tsis tas li ntawd, ib tug yam ntxwvtej zaum yuav muaj cov quav dub. Los ntshav plab kuj ua tau.
