Kab mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij yog ib yam kab mob uas nws cov cim qhia pom rau lwm tus. Tus neeg sawv cev ntawm tus kab mob yog Koch's bacillus - qhov no yog cov kab mob uas tiv taus dej cawv, alkalis thiab acids. Tus kab mob no nyob qib 5 nyob rau hauv ntau zaus tom qab tuberculosis ntawm lwm yam kabmob. Feem ntau, nws tsis tuaj yeem kuaj xyuas qhov tseeb tam sim ntawd, tus kab mob no tshwm sim hauv cov ntaub ntawv qhuav thiab quaj, uas tuaj yeem txiav txim siab los ntawm cov tsos mob tshwj xeeb.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau txhua tus neeg kom paub tias thawj cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob zoo li cas, uas yuav pab txheeb xyuas tus kab mob thaum ntxov. Cov duab ntawm daim tawv nqaij tuberculosis yuav pab kom nkag siab zoo txog qhov teeb meem. Kev kuaj mob raws sij hawm yog lub caij nyoog kom rov zoo thiab ua neej nyob puv npo.
Cas thiab txoj hauv kev kis tus kabmob
Pathology pib tsim tom qab cov kab mob Mycobacterium lossis Koch's bacillus nkag mus rau hauv lub cev thiab pib loj hlob, kis mus rau txhua lub cev. Cov kab mob uas ua rau tus kab mob no tiv taus qhov cuam tshuam ntawm ib puag ncig sab nraud, qhov kub thiab txias, thiab khaws nws cov haujlwm tseem ceeb rau lub sijhawm ntev hauv ib puag ncig uas muaj qhov kub thiab txias.
Koch lub wand tsis suavTus kab mob kis tau zoo heev. Txawm hais tias ib tug neeg tuaj cuag tus neeg mob, nws tsis tsim nyog tias nws kuj mob. Tus neeg mob uas muaj kab mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij lossis lwm yam kabmob feem ntau tsis xav tau kev kho mob hauv tsev kho mob nrog daim ntawv tsis muaj zog thiab tsis txwv rau nws kev txav, nws muaj kev sib raug zoo. Hauv cov tsev neeg uas muaj tus neeg mob uas muaj kab mob ntsws, nws raug nquahu kom tsis tsuas yog saib xyuas nws txoj kev noj qab haus huv, tab sis kuj yog kev nyiam huv ntawm txhua tus tswv cuab. Nws tseem yog ib qho tsim nyog rau txhua tus kom tsis tu ncua xyuas lub cev cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau kev kuaj Mantoux txhawm rau txhawm rau kuaj pom muaj tus kab mob hauv lub cev sai li sai tau.
Txoj kev tseem ceeb ntawm kev kis kab mob yog txoj hauv kev hauv huab cua los ntawm txoj kev ua pa. Txoj kev hauv tsev thiab transplacental tuaj yeem muaj tsawg dua. Cov kab mob nkag mus rau hauv txoj hlab ua pa, tom qab ntawd nkag mus rau hauv bronchial mucosa, alveoli thiab kis thoob plaws lub cev nrog cov hlab ntsha.
Rau tib neeg lub cev, Koch's bacillus yog cov kab mob txawv teb chaws. Feem ntau, thaum nws nkag mus rau hauv, lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tua cov kab mob, tiv thaiv nws los ntawm kev sib npaug. Tus kab mob tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv ob kis:
- yog tias lub cev tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv, muaj kev cuam tshuam hauv kev tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, lub xeev ntawm kev tiv thaiv kab mob, lub cev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv tsis muaj zog los ntawm lwm yam pathologies;
- yog tias qhov kev sib cuag nrog cov kab mob ntev, tas li thiab cov cab kuj ntawm cov kab mob nyob rau theem ntawm daim ntawv qhib thiab tsis tau txais kev kho mob tsim nyog.
Muaj ntau yam uas ua rau txo qis hauv kev tiv thaiv thiab ua rau muaj kev loj hlob ntawm daim tawv nqaij tuberculosis:
- haus luam yeeb- qhov no yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas provokes kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob ntawm lub bronchi thiab ntsws, thiab lawv, nyob rau hauv lem, tsis muaj zog rau tib neeg lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob;
- haus cawv ntau dhau;
- noj tshuaj;
- predisposition rau cov kab mob ua pa vim kev tsis sib haum xeeb hauv cov qauv, muaj mob ntau zaus hauv keeb kwm, muaj cov txheej txheem inflammatory hauv cov kab mob ua pa ntawm cov kab mob ntev;
- mob ntev thiab mob foci hauv lwm lub cev;
- kab mob ntawm endocrine system;
- mob ntshav qab zib mellitus;
- tsis muaj cov vitamins hauv lub cev, tsis muaj zaub mov noj;
- Neurotic Disorders, Kev nyuaj siab, kev nyuaj siab;
- bearing period;
- kev tsis sib haum xeeb thiab kev nyob.
Kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm ntau yam ua rau muaj qhov ua rau txo qis hauv kev tiv thaiv, thiab yog li kis tau tus kab mob tubercle bacillus.
Kev cais ntawm daim tawv nqaij tuberculosis
Muaj ntau hom kab mob. Lawv txawv ntawm ib leeg ntawm cov tsos mob thiab chav kawm. Tus kab mob muaj cov qauv hauv qab no:
- Ylupus erythematosus;
- daim tawv nqaij kab mob;
- warty;
- papulonecrotic;
- Bazin's indurative erythema;
- mob miliary;
- lichenoid;
- miliary-ulcerative.
Ntxiv rau, cov kws tshaj lij qhia:
- Pib tuberculosis ntawm daim tawv nqaij sai sai tom qab nkag mus ntawm cov kab mob pathogenic microorganisms. Daim ntawv thib ob tsim tom qabexacerbation ntawm thawj qhov txhab.
- Tus kab mob miliary mob tshwm sim nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov pob liab liab ntawm daim tawv nqaij nrog pob me me, nodules thiab me ntsis.
- Collicative yog tsim nyob rau hauv lub thickness ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab subcutaneous rog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm mobile, sib npaug thiab ntom nodes.
- Tuberculosis lupus suav hais tias yog hom kab mob hnyav tshaj plaws ntawm daim tawv nqaij, cov duab qhia qhov no, uas cov tubercles tshwm hauv cov tawv nqaij tuab. Lawv tawg thiab tsim rwj thiab caws pliav.
- Warty yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev tsim cov xim liab-liab thiab maj mam loj hlob, sib koom ua ke papules nrog foci ntawm ntxhib keratinization, thiab lawv tshwm sim ntau zaus rau ntawm qhov chaw extensor ntawm ceg ceg.
- Scrofuloderma tshwm raws li cov kab nrib pleb hauv daim tawv nqaij dhau festering lymph nodes cuam tshuam los ntawm tus kab mob.
- Papulonecrotic tshwm li ntom, daj ntseg liab papules ntawm extensor nto ntawm ob txhais ceg thiab caj npab.
- Indurative qhia nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ntom, sib npaug, tsis mob, subcutaneous nodes uas muaj ib tug bluish tint, feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv qis ceg.
- Miliary disseminated lupus ntawm lub ntsej muag yog tsim los ntawm cov mos mos nodules nrog reddish-xim av tint ntawm lub ntsej muag.
Symptomatics
thawj cov cim qhia ntawm daim tawv nqaij tuberculosis yog qhov nyuaj rau nco. Kev swb ntawm daim tawv nqaij muaj ntau hom, uas txawv nyob ntawm theem, daim ntawv thiab hom.
Cov foob pob liab liab tshwm rau ntawm lub cev thiab lub ntsej muag, uas tuaj yeem hnov qab yooj yim -lipomas. Yog tias koj tsis mus ntsib kws kho mob raws sij hawm thiab tsis pib kho, ces lawv loj tuaj sai sai
- Cov mob tuaj yeem qhuav tawm thiab caws pliav nyob hauv lawv qhov chaw. Qee lub sij hawm lawv rupture thiab tsim ib tug quaj mob uas tsis kho. Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob hnyav tuaj yeem ua rau mob qog noj ntshav thiab tuag.
- Muaj lwm txoj hauv kev rau kev txhim kho tus kabmob, thaum cov pob me me tshwm sim uas ua rau tsis xis nyob thiab mob rau tus neeg mob. Sij hawm dhau mus, lawv txuas mus rau hauv ib lub pob loj loj nrog cov qauv ntom ntom.
- Yog tias koj tsis pib kho, daim tawv nqaij yuav xiav. Lub pob caus ua mos thiab tawg tawm. Purulent paug tshwm. Tom qab lub qhov txhab zoo lawm, ib qho caws pliav tseem nyob ntawm daim tawv nqaij.
- Warty tuberculosis ntawm daim tawv nqaij yog tshwm sim los ntawm cov pob liab liab ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Lawv tsis ua rau mob, tab sis ua rau kev loj hlob sai ntawm warts, tom qab kho, ntau qhov caws pliav tshwm.
Cov tsos mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij kab mob tshwm sim raws li hauv qab no:
- Tshuaj pob khaus.
- Fever.
- High lub cev kub hloov mus ua txias.
- Qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev ua xua vim qhov txo qis hauv kev tiv thaiv.
- Tshwj xeeb ntawm daim tawv nqaij rhiab heev thiab tsis xis nyob.
- Nyob.
Feem ntau ntawm cov tsos mob thiab cov tsos mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij tuberculosis yog txuam nrog cov tsos ntawm cov ntsaws ruaj ruaj nyob rau hauv daim tawv nqaij. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev txhim kho ntawm tus kab mob, koj yuav tsum sab laj nrog kws kho mob tam sim ntawd, kuaj xyuas, lees paub qhov kev kuaj mob thiab pib.kev kho mob complex. Cov theem pib ntawm tus kab mob no kho tau, txawm tias nws yuav siv zog thiab siv sijhawm.
Txoj kev kuaj mob
Nrog kev pab los ntawm kev xeem Mantoux, koj tuaj yeem ntsuas seb tus neeg mob lub cev puas siab rau tuberculin. Txhawm rau kom paub meej qhov kev kuaj mob, tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem pom zoo rau chav kuaj thiab ntsuas kev tshawb fawb:
- tshuaj xyuas kab mob ntawm cov paug tawm los ntawm cov kab mob uas cuam tshuam rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij;
- daim nqaij biopsy nrog ntxiv histology;
- Mantoux test;
- tshawb nrhiav los txiav txim siab seb tus kab mob puas cuam tshuam rau cov kab mob hauv nruab nrog cev: bacteriological kuaj cov zis, quav, hnoos qeev, x-rays ntawm lub ntsws, ultrasound ntawm lub zais zis, ob lub raum thiab lwm yam kabmob;
- kev sim kho.
Kev kuaj kab mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij yuav tso cai tsis yog tsuas yog kuaj xyuas kom raug, tab sis kuj txiav txim siab seb tus kab mob tau cuam tshuam rau lub cev li cas. Thaum kuaj pom pathology ua ntej, qhov kev kho tau zoo dua.
Kev kho mob
Muaj ntau ntau yam kev kho mob rau daim tawv nqaij tuberculosis. Txhua tus ntawm lawv raug pom zoo rau qee hom kab mob. Tsis txhob hnov qab tias kev noj tshuaj rau tus kheej tsuas tuaj yeem ua rau tus neeg mob hnyav dua. Yog tias koj siv cov tshuaj ib txwm siv, ces tsuas yog ua ke nrog cov tshuaj ib txwm muaj thiab tom qab pom zoo nrog tus kws kho mob.
Txoj cai thawj zaug thiab theem pib ntawm kev kho mob yog nyob rau hauv kev saib xyuas ze ntawm tus kws tshaj lij. Kev kho dav dav tuaj yeem siv sijhawm li ntawm 9 lub hlis mus rau ib thiab ib nrab xyoo. Kev kho mob tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob peb theem:
- Txog li 4 cov tshuaj tau sau tseg, uas coj los ntawm ob mus rauplaub lub hlis.
- Yog tsis muaj tshuaj kho mob, kev kho mob yuav tsis ua haujlwm.
- Tom qab ib ntus, cov tshuaj txo qis rau ob, thaum lawv hloov lwm tus. Cov kab ke no tsis tso cai rau cov kab mob uas tsim kev puas tsuaj los tiv thaiv cov tshuaj nquag uas tsim cov tshuaj.
- Ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm kev kho mob yog txhawm rau txhim kho lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob thiab txhim kho cov xwm txheej ntawm lub cev. Txhawm rau ua tiav lub hom phiaj no, nws raug nquahu kom noj cov vitamin complexes, cov khoom noj tshwj xeeb uas muaj protein ntau thiab vitamin C. Tus kws kho mob kuj pom zoo kom haus dej kom zoo. Txhawm rau kom muaj dej sib npaug hauv lub cev.
Ntau zaus, tus kws kho mob tau sau tshuaj electrophoresis rau tus neeg mob siv tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. Hom kev kho no muab cov txiaj ntsig siab tshaj plaws. Muaj tsawg zaus, tus kws kho mob yuav pom zoo rau kev phais.
tshuaj tseem ceeb rau kev kho mob:
- tshuaj tua kab mob tshwj xeeb "Rifampicin" + "Isoniazid", ntxiv rau lawv tuaj yeem sau tshuaj "Pyrazinamidone";
- nyob rau theem thib ob, tus kws kho mob tau sau cov tshuaj ntawm cov txiaj ntsig nruab nrab: "Etambulon", "PASK", "Streptomycin";
- Cov kab mob yog nplawm nrog Isoniazid hmoov.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias kev npaj ntawm qhov ncauj yuav tsum tau noj txhua hnub, tsis tas yuav poob ib koob. Nws tsuas yog tsim nyog tsis txhob noj cov tshuaj ib zaug, nws tuaj yeem hloov mus rau hauv kev tiv thaiv ntawm mycobacteria, hauv qhov norooj plaub yuav nyuaj kho.
kev kho neeg zoo
Ua ntej siv cov kev kho mob ib txwm muaj, koj yuav tsum sab laj nrog koj tus kws kho mob, vim hais tias etiology ntawm daim tawv nqaij kab mob yog qhov nyuaj thiab cov tshuaj pleev yooj yim yuav tsis pab. Tsuas yog tus kws kho mob yuav qhia tias cov zaub mov twg yuav ua tau zoo tshaj plaws.
tshuaj ntsuab pab ntxiv dag zog rau lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, saturate lub cev nrog cov protein, vitamins thiab minerals. Cov tshuaj hauv tsev tuaj yeem pab txo cov kev mob tshwm sim los ntawm cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb. Ntawm cov pov thawj thiab kev kho tau zoo, cov zaub mov hauv qab no tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv:
- tshuaj ntsuab xws li knotweed, lilac, plantain, coltsfoot, licorice cag tuaj yeem noj hauv qhov ncauj li infusions;
- decoctions nrog qhuav thiab tshiab berries, xws li lingonberries, quinces, strawberries, pab txhawb kev tiv thaiv;
- infusions nrog spruce thiab Pine koob yuav pab tshem tawm cov nyhuv inflammatory;
- tsis txhob hnov qab noj aloe kua txiv nrog zib mu, sib tov sib npaug;
- kom saturate lub cev nrog cov protein, nws yog qhov zoo dua los haus koumiss, yog tias ua tau;
- txhawm rau txo qhov tshwm sim ntawm exudation, koj tuaj yeem siv cov tshuaj pleev rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij kab mob nrog calendula, arnica, qus rosemary, siv lawv ob zaug ib hnub.
Ua ke nrog lwm cov tshuaj, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo uas muaj vitamin yuav tsum tau noj: txiv apples, liab thiab dub currants, roob tshauv, qus sawv, viburnum, hiav txwv buckthorn, blueberries, thiab lwm yam.
Ancient Eastern tshuaj rau qhov mob hnyavpom zoo kom siv ntau yam tshuaj ntsuab.
khoom noj khoom haus
Tus kab mob no kis tau zoo heev, yog li nws tseem ceeb heev los tiv thaiv lwm tus los ntawm kev kis kab mob. Puas yog tuberculosis kis los ntawm daim tawv nqaij? Yog, nws kis tau, tab sis tsuas yog muaj khawb, abrasions thiab tawg ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntawm tus neeg noj qab haus huv, yog li tus neeg mob yuav tsum tiv thaiv lwm tus, tsis txhob tiv tauj cov tawv nqaij ntawm cov neeg noj qab haus huv.
Yuav kom rov zoo sai dua, koj yuav tsum hloov koj cov zaub mov los ntawm thawj hnub, ntxiv cov protein ntau li ntau tau rau kev noj haus. Cov zaub mov yuav tsum muaj xws li: nqaij, ntses, khoom noj siv mis, mis nyuj, qhob cij tag nrho.
Nco ntsoov ua raws li cov lus pom zoo:
- zaub mov yuav tsum muaj calorie ntau ntau, tab sis tsis txhob noj ntau dhau;
- Nco ntsoov siv cov roj zaub tshiab, butter thiab zaub roj, tab sis nyob rau hauv qhov tsim nyog;
- noj zaub thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo kom ntau li ntau tau;
- txo qis kev noj muffins, qab zib, khoom qab zib;
- haus ntau npaum li tshuaj ntsuab tshuaj yej, qis qab zib compotes, dej ntxhia li sai tau.
Tsis kam haus cawv tag, lawv, nrog rau cov tshuaj muaj zog, tuaj yeem ua rau tus neeg mob tuag.
Tuberculosis ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntawm cov menyuam yaus
Cov kab mob uas ua rau muaj kab mob txaus ntshai ua rau muaj teeb meem rau cov neeg laus thiab menyuam yaus. rwj, purulent tawm, papules ua rau tus menyuam raug kev txom nyem. Kev siv cov tshuaj muaj zog ua rau lawv tsis xav pom, ua xua, cuam tshuam hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm sab hauv.lub cev. Yog li ntawd, kev kho mob yuav tsum tau saib xyuas nruj ntawm tus kws kho mob thiab kev hloov kho tas li. Kev saib xyuas neeg mob kom raug rau daim tawv nqaij tuberculosis hauv cov menyuam yaus yog qhov tseem ceeb. Feem ntau, tus kws kho mob pom zoo kom noj cov tshuaj no:
- "Rifampicin";
- "Streptomycin";
- "Ftivazid";
- "Metazid";
- "Tubazid".
Tshuaj khomob yog muab tsawg kawg yog 6 lub hlis. Qhov ntau npaum li cas, qhov zaus ntawm kev noj tshuaj yog xaiv ib tus zuj zus rau txhua tus menyuam raws li nws lub cev qhov hnyav thiab muaj contraindications.
Nco ntsoov pom zoo cov vitamins B hauv daim ntawv txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm lub paj hlwb, convulsions, tsis nco qab. Koj tuaj yeem tiv thaiv daim siab nrog kev pab los ntawm hepatoprotectors, thiab ntxiv dag zog rau lub cev koj yuav xav tau ntau cov vitamins.
Kev nyuaj siab
Tus kab mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij zoo li cas tuaj yeem pom hauv daim duab, tag nrho cov qhov txhab no coj kev txom nyem ntau rau tus neeg mob. Tus kab mob no yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev rov ua dua tshiab. Yog li ntawd, cov neeg mob uas muaj mob, tau hais kom mus ntsib kws kho mob txhua lub hlis rau ntau xyoo.
Tom qab kev kho mob, cov caws pliav feem ntau nyob hauv qhov chaw ntawm qhov txhab, uas nyuaj rau kho. Txhawm rau tshem tawm tag nrho lawv, koj yuav tsum tau mus rau cov txheej txheem laser kom zoo nkauj.
ntsuas kev tiv thaiv
Ua raws li kev soj ntsuam cov lus pom zoo rau cov kab mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij ua rau tus neeg mob tshem tau tus kab mob hnyav thiab ua neej nyob mus ntxiv. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias tus neeg mob ua raws li cov lus qhia ntawm kev tiv thaivkev ntsuas los tiv thaiv tus kab mob rov qab:
- Cov menyuam yaus yuav tsum tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv BCG;
- sim zam kev sib cuag nrog cov neeg tawm tsam uas tuaj yeem kis tus neeg;
- ua kom lub cev tsis muaj zog, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tom qab txias;
- ntxuav koj txhais tes kom zoo, tshwj xeeb ntawm cov ntiv tes;
- tsawg tshee tshee;
- eat right;
- noj cov vitamins nyob rau lub caij nplooj zeeg thiab caij nplooj ntoos hlav;
- tsis txhob ua dhau lub cev lub hlwb thiab lub cev;
- tsis suav nrog tus neeg mob, tshwj xeeb yog lub sijhawm thaum muaj cov kab mob tso tawm.
Tsis txhob tso tseg thaum kuaj mob hnyav. Tus kab mob tuaj yeem kho tau, tab sis koj yuav tsum tau siv zog thiab ua raws li tag nrho cov lus pom zoo ntawm tus kws kho mob. Tuberculosis ntawm daim tawv nqaij yog ib yam kab mob sib kis, yog li txhua tus neeg hauv tsev neeg uas tau ntsib nrog tus neeg mob yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas los ntawm kws kho mob tsis tu ncua, tswj kev nyiam huv thiab tsis txhob sib ze nrog tus neeg mob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias muaj kev txiav, khawb thiab lwm yam tawv nqaij. kev puas tsuaj rau lub cev.
Kab mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij yog ib yam kab mob nyuaj thiab mob hnyav, tab sis nrog kev kho mob raws sij hawm muaj txoj hauv kev kom rov zoo tag nrho.
