Antidepressants: tshuaj xyuas, cov npe tshuaj yam tsis muaj tshuaj

Cov txheej txheem:

Antidepressants: tshuaj xyuas, cov npe tshuaj yam tsis muaj tshuaj
Antidepressants: tshuaj xyuas, cov npe tshuaj yam tsis muaj tshuaj

Video: Antidepressants: tshuaj xyuas, cov npe tshuaj yam tsis muaj tshuaj

Video: Antidepressants: tshuaj xyuas, cov npe tshuaj yam tsis muaj tshuaj
Video: Naafiri Champion Theme | League of Legends 2024, Kaum ib hlis
Anonim

Nyob hauv ntiaj teb no, muaj coob tus neeg xav tau kev pab cuam txog kev kov yeej kev nyuaj siab. Raws li txoj cai, thaum ntsib teeb meem zoo li no, feem ntau ntawm cov pej xeem Lavxias nyiam mus rau lub tsev muag tshuaj thiab yuav ib pob ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau lawv tus kheej. Yuav ua li cas xaiv qhov zoo thiab koj yuav tsum xyuam xim rau dab tsi?

Antidepressants tshuaj xyuas
Antidepressants tshuaj xyuas

Antidepressants overview

Dab tsi yog tshuaj tiv thaiv kev nyuaj siab? Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, cov no yog cov tshuaj uas pab ib tug neeg nyob rau hauv kev sib ntaus tawm tsam nws lub xeev kev nyuaj siab. Txawm li cas los xij, dhau ntawm qhov no, muaj lwm lub hom phiaj. Lawv kuj pab daws nrog ntau yam tshwm sim ntawm kev xav ntev, kev ntshai, thiab txo qis kev ntxhov siab (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog kev xav). Hauv kev tshuaj xyuas cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab, feem ntau tau hais tias nrog kev pab ntawm cov tshuaj no, tib neeg txoj hauv kev zoo tau coj lawv txoj kev qab los noj mov thiab pw tsaug zog zoo li qub. Nws tau ntev lawm tsis pub leejtwg paub tias feem ntau avidCov neeg haus luam yeeb, tom qab lawv txiav txim siab tawm kev quav tshuaj, mus rau kev pab ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab - raws li lawv, ua li no lawv tuaj yeem daws qhov teeb meem nrog neurosis thiab kev ntxhov siab ntau dhau.

Nyob hauv ntiaj teb no muaj ntau yam tshuaj zoo li no, thiab lawv cov naj npawb loj zuj zus txhua hnub. Yuav kom nkag siab txog lawv thiab xaiv txoj kev kho kom zoo tshaj plaws rau koj tus kheej, koj yuav tsum muaj qee yam kev paub thiab kev txawj ntse hauv kev kho mob thiab kev puas siab puas ntsws. Yog li ntawd, txhawm rau xaiv txoj kev kho tshuaj, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj rau kev tiv tauj tus kws kho mob uas yog tus kws tshaj lij pov thawj hauv daim teb no.

Yog li, cia peb saib seb hom tshuaj twg yog qhov ntau tshaj, qhov twg lawv yuav tsum tau siv. Tsis tas li ntawd, peb tseem yuav xav txog qhov kev tshuaj xyuas txog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab tawm ntawm cov kiv cua ntawm hom tshuaj no.

Yuav ua li cas cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab cuam tshuam rau lub cev

Cov kws kho mob tshwj xeeb hauv kev kho mob hauv ntau qhov chaw tham txog cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua ntawm cov tshuaj uas tau faib ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev nyuaj siab. Ua ntau yam kev sib tham, lawv hais tias lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom yog lawv cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov kab mob neurotransmitter ntawm tib neeg lub hlwb.

Dab tsi yog neurotransmitters? Qhov no yog ib hom kab ke hauv lub cev, uas yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev hloov cov ntaub ntawv thiab ntau yam teeb liab ntawm cov hlwb. Ntawm cov khoom muaj npe nrov ntawm pab pawg no, cov kws tshaj lij hauv kev mob hlwb paub qhov txawv ntawm dopamine, norepinephrine, thiab serotonin. Raws li kev tshawb fawb tau pomcov kws tshawb fawb, nws yog qhov tsis muaj cov khoom no uas ua rau muaj kev nyuaj siab thiab kev nyuaj siab, nrog rau melancholy. Los ntawm lawv qhov kev ua, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev nyuaj siab txhawb kev tsim cov tshuaj no nyob rau hauv ib txwm muaj, vim tias tus neeg lub siab nyob ruaj khov.

Cov kws kho mob tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab hais tias tam sim no, cov tshuaj tsis tau tuaj nrog ib qho tshuaj nrog cov khoom ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab uas yuav muab cov txiaj ntsig xav tau tam sim. Hauv lwm lo lus, tsis muaj dab tsi yuav tshwm sim tam sim ntawd tom qab noj ib ntsiav tshuaj. Tias yog vim li cas tag nrho cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab tau tsim los ua ib feem ntawm ib qho kev kawm, lub sijhawm yuav tsum tau txiav txim los ntawm tus kws kho mob.

Antidepressants tsis muaj npe tshuaj xyuas
Antidepressants tsis muaj npe tshuaj xyuas

Side effects

Zoo li yuav luag txhua cov tshuaj, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab muaj qee yam kev mob tshwm sim uas tuaj yeem tshwm sim rau lawv tus kheej vim yog xaiv cov tshuaj tsis raug. Hauv qhov xwm txheej phem tshaj plaws, lawv tuaj yeem tshwm sim raws li kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo, orthostatic hypotension, thiab cov teebmeem anticholinergic.

Ntxiv rau, tej zaum yuav muaj cov tsos mob me me, tsis zoo ib ntus, pom tias tom qab noj cov tshuaj, koj yuav tsum tau hu rau tus kws kho mob tam sim ntawd uas tau muab cov tshuaj rau lwm qhov kev sab laj. Ntawm cov kev mob tshwm sim, feem ntau muaj xws li raws plab, mob taub hau, mania, ntxhov siab vim, me los yog tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib deev dysfunction, cem quav, tsis qab los noj mov. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev tsaug zog ntau dhau tuaj yeem tshwm sim los yog, hloov pauv,insomnia.

Hauv kev tshuaj xyuas tus neeg mob ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab, qee zaum nws tau hais tias tom qab pib noj cov khoom tsis raug, cov pob liab liab thiab o pib tshwm rau ntawm lawv daim tawv nqaij. Feem ntau lawv tau nrog qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev tsis haum tshuaj.

Tshuaj ntawm hom no, raws li txoj cai, yog contraindicated kiag li rau cov neeg mob uas muaj teeb meem cuam tshuam nrog kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub plawv, siab thiab ob lub raum, thiab qee zaum - lub plab.

Type of antidepressants

Nyob ntawm lub khw muag tshuaj niaj hnub no, koj tuaj yeem pom ntau tus tshuaj tiv thaiv kev nyuaj siab. Cov lus teb rau txhua pawg ntawm lawv yog qhov tshwj xeeb, nyob ntawm qhov spectrum ntawm lawv qhov cuam tshuam.

Cov kws kho mob faib tag nrho cov tshuaj ntawm pab pawg no rau hauv peb pawg dav, nyob ntawm seb lawv tau tsim los ntawm: tricyclic, tshuaj ntsuab thiab classic. Txhua yam ntawm cov no tau muab faib ua pawg, nyob ntawm seb lawv ua haujlwm li cas hauv lub cev: monoamine oxidase inhibitors, nrog rau kev xaiv thiab tsis xaiv. Cia peb xav txog txhua pab pawg sib cais, qhia lub npe ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab (tsis muaj tshuaj kho) thiab tshuaj xyuas txog lawv.

Qhov zoo tshaj plaws antidepressants tshuaj xyuas
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws antidepressants tshuaj xyuas

Classic pab pawg ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev nyuaj siab

Classic antidepressants yog ib tiam tshiab ntawm cov tshuaj uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws hauv kev daws teeb meem cuam tshuam nrog lub hlwb thiab lub siab. Qhov nrov tshaj plaws ntawm lawv suav nrog:

  • "Afobazol",
  • "Citaloram",
  • "Mianserin",
  • "Tianeptine",
  • "Venlafaxine",
  • "Paroxetine".

Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev nyuaj siab "Fluoxetine" kuj tau lees paub tias yog nrov - tshuaj xyuas txog nws hais tias qhov kev kho no yuav pab kom hnov qhov kev txhim kho tom qab thawj ob peb daim ntawv thov, thiab cov kws kho mob hais tias tom qab ib lub lim tiam ntawm kev noj cov tshuaj uas ua rau nws muaj pes tsawg leeg., tus neeg mob muaj qhov ruaj khov ntawm lub siab.

Kev xyaum qhia tau hais tias cov tshuaj ntawm pab pawg no qhia tsawg kawg ntawm kev phiv ntau dua li lwm tus (nrog rau cov tshuaj ntsuab). Qhov no yog dab tsi ua rau lawv tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nrov ntawm cov neeg uas xav coj lawv lub siab lub ntsws rov qab los. Cov nyiaj tau muab faib rau hauv pab pawg no feem ntau yog muab rau cov neeg siv tshuaj hauv tsev muag tshuaj uas xav yuav tshuaj yam tsis muaj kws kho mob sau ntawv.

Kev tshuaj xyuas cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tshiab tiam tshiab kuj tau hais tias lawv tsis muaj tshuaj lom rau lub plawv thiab lwm yam kabmob ntawm cov hlab plawv. Cov kws kho mob hais tias cov tshuaj no zoo heev rau kev kho mob sab nraud.

Tricyclic antidepressants

Tshuaj ntawm pab pawg no tau muab faib ua cov kev xaiv thiab tsis xaiv, nyob ntawm seb lawv qhov kev ua haujlwm thiab txoj kev uas lawv ntes cov neurotransmitters.

Tus naj npawb ntawm cov tshuaj hauv cov pab pawg no suav nrog ntau lub npe:

  • Imipramine,
  • Y"Protlitilin",
  • "Ftorocyzine","
  • Amitriptyline",
  • "Elavil",
  • "Anafranil".

Thiab kuj yog rau cov npe nrov tuaj yeem raug ntaus nqi "Tofranil", uas yog qhov xav tau zoo hauv cov khw muag tshuaj. Tag nrho cov tshuaj no tuaj yeem yuav yam tsis muaj kws kho mob cov tshuaj, tab sis qhov no tsis tau txhais hais tias lawv txhua tus muaj kev nyab xeeb rau tib neeg lub cev. Hauv kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm kev noj tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab ntawm hom no, feem ntau tau hais tias cov neeg mob pib muaj cov tsos mob tshwj xeeb hauv daim ntawv xeev siab, raws plab, mob taub hau, thiab lwm yam. Yog li ntawd, tricyclic pawg tshuaj yuav tsum tau muab los ntawm kws kho mob thiab tsuas yog tom qab kev kuaj mob. tau ua tiav thiab tau txais cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov kev tshuaj ntsuam muab. Yog li, piv txwv li, hauv kev tshuaj xyuas cov tshuaj tiv thaiv "Amitriptyline" feem ntau tau hais tias yog tus neeg laus thiab zoo li tus neeg noj qab haus huv pib noj cov tshuaj ntawm lawv tus kheej, teeb meem nrog lub plawv thiab ua pa pib.

Yog li, cia peb saib ze dua ntawm pawg xaiv thiab tsis xaiv pawg ntawm tricyclic antidepressants. Lawv txhua tus muaj cov tshuaj neurotransmitter rov ua haujlwm, tab sis qhov txawv ntawm lawv yog dab tsi?

Tshiab tiam antidepressants tshuaj xyuas
Tshiab tiam antidepressants tshuaj xyuas

Kev xaiv

Hauv kev tshuaj xyuas cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab ntawm hom no, cov kws tshaj lij feem ntau piav qhia txog qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm lawv cov txiaj ntsig ntawm neurotransmitters. Lub peculiarity ntawm lawv ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv tib neeg lub cev tau muab tso rau hauv lub npe. Hauv qhov no, peb tuaj yeem ua qhov tseeb tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab tso tawm qee yam hauv lub cev: serotonin, norepinephrine thiab dopamine,ua yeeb yam ntawm txhua yam sib cais, xaiv. Txhawm rau txiav txim siab seb qhov twg yuav tsum tau txhawb nqa, nco ntsoov sab laj nrog kws kho mob rau cov lus qhia.

Kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm hom tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab no feem ntau hais tias lawv tsis yooj yim rau kev siv hauv kev xyaum, vim muaj ntau hom tshuaj, tshwj xeeb yog cov tshuaj kho mob lossis mob khaub thuas, tsis tuaj yeem noj thaum siv. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kws kho mob pom zoo tias lawv cov neeg mob, uas tau sau cov tshuaj no, txwv tsis pub noj legumes, ntses ntsev, haus luam yeeb, thiab cheese thiab txiv tsawb. Ntxiv nrog rau cov npe no, muaj ntau yam khoom uas txwv tsis pub noj thaum lub sijhawm no. Yog tias tsis ua raws li cov lus pom zoo, tus neeg mob yuav muaj kev pheej hmoo nthuav tawm lawv cov hlab plawv mus rau txhua yam teeb meem, suav nrog kev mob plawv, mob stroke, lossis ntshav siab.

Ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev nyuaj siab, cov kws kho mob thiab lawv cov neeg mob tau saib xyuas tshwj xeeb rau "Selektra". Nyob rau hauv kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov tshuaj antidepressant "Selektra" nws yog feem ntau sau tseg hais tias nws yog ib tug uas muaj lub siab mos siab muag zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov hlab plawv system ntawm lub cev, raws li zoo raws li nyob rau hauv lwm yam kabmob. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov ntsiab lus uas ua rau nws muaj pes tsawg leeg, thaum noj, muab cov txiaj ntsig zoo.

Moclobemide, Pirlindol, thiab Befol feem ntau txawv ntawm cov tshuaj nrov ntawm pawg no.

Yog tias peb xav txog tshuaj ntawm ib hom kev xaiv, nyob ntawm qhov twgpab pawg ntawm neurotransmitters lawv ua, yog tias tsim nyog, nce cov tshuaj hormone dopamine yuav tsum tau nug ntawm lub tsev muag tshuaj "Bupropion" lossis "Zyban", norepinephrine - "Venlafaxine", "Ixel", "Cymb alta", thiab yog tias tsis txaus. Kev tsim cov serotonin, koj yuav tsum yuav "Fluoxetine", Fluvoxamine, Clomipramine lossis Paxil. Hauv kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm Paxil antidepressant, feem ntau tuaj yeem pom cov lus los ntawm cov neeg mob hais txog qhov tseeb tias cov khoom tsim los ntawm nws cov qauv, txawm hais tias tsis yog sai, tab sis zoo heev, rov zoo siab thiab ua kom nws zoo li qub, ua kom cov khoom tsim nyog "kev zoo siab cov tshuaj hormones. ".

Antidepressant Amitriptyline tshuaj xyuas
Antidepressant Amitriptyline tshuaj xyuas

Tsis xaiv

Pab pawg ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab uas tsis yog xaiv, nkag mus rau hauv tib neeg lub cev, kuj qhia nws qhov kev txiav txim ntawm kev rov ua haujlwm ntawm cov neurotransmitters, tab sis qhov no, tag nrho cov neurons, tsis muaj kev zam, raug cuam tshuam. Hauv kev xyaum, kev siv tshuaj ntawm cov pab pawg no tsis yog feem ntau ua, uas cuam tshuam nrog kev muaj tus lej loj ntawm cov teebmeem tshwm sim los ntawm lawv cov teebmeem ntawm lub cev. Ntawm lawv feem ntau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm lub plawv dhia, insomnia lossis, hloov pauv, tsaug zog ntau dhau, raws plab, ua tsis taus pa, mob taub hau, thiab lwm yam. Txawm li cas los xij, txawm li cas los xij, muaj qee tus naj npawb ntawm adherents ntawm txoj kev kho lub siab phem nrog xws li ib pawg ntawm cov tshuaj. Hauv ntau qhov kev tshuaj xyuas zoo hauv cov npe ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siabNtawm hom tsis xaiv, xws li tshuaj "Iproniazid", "Nialamid", thiab "Isocarboxazid" lossis "Marplan" raug sau tseg. Tag nrho cov ntawm lawv muaj kwv yees li tib yam muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab txawv tsuas yog nyob ntawm tus neeg tsim khoom thiab tus nqi.

Kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab tshiab feem ntau nco ntsoov tias lawv muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua rau cov uas tau muab cais ua cov tshuaj tsis xaiv tricyclic.

Noj tshuaj antidepressants tshuaj xyuas
Noj tshuaj antidepressants tshuaj xyuas

Herbal antidepressants

Txawm tias thaum ub, cov teeb meem ntawm kev xav tau raug daws nrog kev pab los ntawm cov tshuaj ntsuab tshwj xeeb uas loj hlob nyob rau hauv qee qhov latitude ntawm Russia. Ntawm cov nroj tsuag uas muaj peev xwm coj qhov sib npaug ntawm "kev zoo siab cov tshuaj hormones" rov qab mus rau qhov qub, St.

Cov tuam txhab tshuaj niaj hnub no, paub txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov nroj tsuag no, coj qhov no mus rau hauv tus account hauv kev txhim kho thiab tuaj nrog cov tshuaj zoo heev uas tuaj yeem yuav ntawm cov khw muag tshuaj yam tsis muaj tshuaj. Kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev nyuaj siab zoo tshaj plaws ntawm hom no feem ntau hais tias lawv pab tawm tsam kev xav phem, thiab qee qhov yuav luag tam sim.

Ntawm cov kev npaj zoo tshaj plaws ua los ntawm cov tshuaj ntsuab thiab lwm yam nroj tsuag, Novo-Passit, Leuzea extract, nrog rau cov tshuaj ntsuab (hawthorn, valerian, ginseng, lemongrass, thiab lwm yam) sawv tawm hauv txoj kev tshwj xeeb.. Cov lus pom zoo ntawm cov kws kho mob feem ntau hais tias cov nyiaj no yog siv tautsis muaj teeb meem thiab qee zaum cov neeg mob tuaj yeem xaiv lawv tus kheej qhov kev xav tau rau kev kho mob thiab coj lawv lub siab rov qab mus rau qhov qub. Txawm li cas los xij, tib lub sijhawm, lawv ceeb toom tawm tsam kev siv tshuaj ntau dhau - lawv tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phiv tshuaj uas qee zaum yuav tsis muaj teeb meem.

Yuav ua li cas noj tshuaj tiv thaiv kev nyuaj siab kom raug

Nws feem ntau tshwm sim uas tau txiav txim siab rau lub npe ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab (tsis muaj daim ntawv tshuaj) raws li kev tshuaj xyuas sab laug hauv kev tes hauj lwm lossis hauv ntau qhov chaw, cov neeg yuav khoom, tau pom cov tsos mob nyuaj siab hauv lawv tus kheej, nyiam mus rau lub tsev muag tshuaj los yuav cov tshuaj. Yuav noj li cas yam tsis tau nrog kws kho mob?

Ua ntej tshaj, nws yuav tsum nkag siab tias txoj kev kho yuav tsum muab faib ua ob theem. Ib tug ntawm lawv yog lub ntsiab. Nws txhais tau hais tias noj cov tshuaj tsuas yog nyob rau lub sijhawm thaum cov cim tseem ceeb qhia tias yuav tsum tau noj cov tshuaj lossis tinctures tau pom: neurosis, lub siab tsis zoo, kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo, thiab lwm yam. cov tshuaj xaiv. Hauv kev xyaum, theem thib ob yuav tsum luv dua li kev kho mob nws tus kheej thiab cov tshuaj yuav tsum tau noj hauv ib lub ntim me me. Nyob rau theem no, koj yuav tsum tau txiav koj lub cev kom zoo los ntawm cov tshuaj. Txhua tus kws tshaj lij hauv kev kho mob hlwb thiab kev puas siab puas ntsws tsis pom zoo ua qhov no sai sai, vim qhov no yuav cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub paj hlwb ntxiv.

Antidepressant Selectra tshuaj xyuas
Antidepressant Selectra tshuaj xyuas

rau lub sijhawm twgpuas pom zoo kom noj tshuaj? Kev xyaum qhia tias txhua rooj plaub yog tus kheej. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov nruab nrab, lub sijhawm ntawm chav kawm uas tus kws kho mob tau sau tseg yog los ntawm 2 txog 5 lub hlis. Raws li txoj cai, nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm faib, tag nrho cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob yuav tsum raug tshem tawm tag nrho.

Tsis txhob noj tshuaj tsuas yog tom qab sab laj nrog kws kho mob, nrog rau kev xeem thiab xeem dhau. Kev tshem tawm tsuas yog ua los ntawm cov ntsuas ntsuas raws li kev tshawb fawb txog kev puas siab puas ntsws ntawm tus neeg mob. Cov txheej txheem no yuav tsum muaj nyob rau hauv nruj raws li cov txheej txheem yav dhau los tau muab los ntawm tus kws kho mob, nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm teev los ntawm nws. Raws li txoj cai, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, tus neeg mob tsis muaj tej yam tshwm sim tsis kaj siab. Yog tias lawv yog, qhov tseem ceeb, lawv tsis ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam loj rau nws tus kheej thiab nws cov neeg hlub.

Thiab thaum kawg: cov kws kho mob tsis pom zoo xaiv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev nyuaj siab zoo tshaj plaws rau lawv tus kheej raws li kev tshuaj xyuas los ntawm lwm tus neeg mob. Qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb tias txhua qhov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb thiab txhua lub cev muaj nws tus yam ntxwv.

Pom zoo: