Oncology tam sim no yog ib qho ntawm cov kab mob ntau tshaj plaws. Cancer tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv txhua lub cev ntawm tus neeg. Qhov txaus ntshai ntawm mob qog noj ntshav yog tias nws yuav luag tsis tuaj yeem kuaj pom lawv thaum ntxov. Yog hais tias qhov no tshwm sim, ces nyob rau hauv heev tsawg zaus. Cov tsos mob tshwm sim nyob rau theem tom ntej, thaum kho thiab rov qab los nyuaj, thiab qee zaum tsis muaj txiaj ntsig.
Cov kab mob plab hnyuv adenocarcinoma yog ib hom kab mob qog nqaij hlav ntau tshaj plaws uas tshwm sim hauv cov hnyuv loj thiab me. Thiab xws li ib tug tsis xws luag yog tsim los ntawm glandular hlwb, mucous daim nyias nyias. Raws li cov qog no tshwm sim, cov leeg nqaij thiab cov serous txheej raug cuam tshuam. Ntxiv mus, xws li neoplasm tuaj yeem loj hlob txawm tias los ntawm txoj hnyuv.
mob plab hnyuv loj hlob li cas?
Feem ntau ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav qog noj ntshav cuam tshuam rau tib neeg hauv lawv 50s. Raws li rau qhov hnyav ntawm tus kab mob thiab kev kwv yees ntxiv, lawv ncaj qha nyob ntawmntawm phab ntsa plab hnyuv ntau npaum li cas.
Cov kab mob plab hnyuv adenocarcinoma, raws li txoj cai, cuam tshuam tsis tsuas yog cov tuab, tab sis kuj rau cov hnyuv. Tab sis feem coob ntawm hom mob qog noj ntshav no tseem tshwm sim nws tus kheej hauv txoj hnyuv. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, hauv cov poj niam, tus kab mob yog nyob rau hauv qhov chaw thib 4 ntawm qhov zaus ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm txhua yam mob qog noj ntshav.
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Adenocarcinoma txawv ntawm qhov kev hloov pauv rau hauv cov kab hauv qab no:
sib txawv heev;
sib txawv nruab nrab;
kev sib txawv tsis zoo
Nws tsim nyog hais tias qib qis adenocarcinoma ntawm txoj hnyuv yog qhov nyuaj tshaj plaws. Cov qog no tuaj yeem xaiv qhov chaw nyob hauv txhua qhov ntawm txoj hnyuv, tab sis feem ntau nws raug kuaj pom hauv qhov quav.
Raws li cov hnyuv me, qhov no, cov qog tau kuaj pom tsawg dua. Yog hais tias, nyob rau hauv Feem ntau, peb faib tag nrho cov xwm txheej ntawm cov tsos ntawm xws li ib tug pathology, ces lub duodenum cuam tshuam nyob rau hauv ib nrab ntawm cov mob. Yog tias peb sib piv cov txiv neej thiab poj niam, ces qhov kev sib deev muaj zog yog qhov ua rau tus kab mob no ntau dua. Feem ntau, qhov teeb meem no pom muaj hnub nyoog ntawm 50 thiab 60.
Stages
Raws li kev txhim kho ntawm tus kab mob no, tag nrho lub sijhawm tau muab faib ua ntu hauv qab no:
thawj theem cuam tshuam tsuas yog cov mucous membrane;
nyob rau theem thib ob, txhua txheej ntawm lub cev raug cuam tshuam;
nyob rau theem thib peb, cov qog ntshav qab zib twb tau koom nrog cov txheej txheem tsis zoo;
thiab nyob rau theem plaub, foci ntawm metastasis pib tshwm, theem no yog qhov txaus ntshai tshaj plaws rautib neeg
Thaum mob plab hnyuv adenocarcinoma, cov theem tau txiav txim los ntawm TNM system, uas qhia txog qhov loj ntawm cov qog, ntau npaum li cas cov qog nqaij hlav raug cuam tshuam thiab muaj foci ntawm metastases.
Tus kab mob no tshwm sim li cas?
Hmoov tsis zoo, plab hnyuv adenocarcinoma yog ib yam kab mob txaus ntshai heev uas, thaum tsim, xyaum tsis muab nws tus kheej tawm. Raws li txoj cai, xws li qhov tsis xws luag yog tsim tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm cov kab mob ntev ntawm txoj hnyuv, thiab yog li ntawd tus neeg siv nws qhov kev tshwm sim raws li exacerbation ntawm nws tus mob. Feem ntau, adenocarcinoma ua rau nws tus kheej hnov thaum metastases twb tshwm sim.
Raws li cov cim qhia ntxov, lawv suav nrog cov hauv qab no:
teeb meem nrog cov quav tsis tu ncua;
ntshav impurities hauv quav;
mua paug nrog cov ntshav tawg thaum pib defecation;
yog tias tus kab mob no zuj zus lawm ces tus neeg ntawd muaj qhov mob tob tob lossis mob plab hauv plab;
mob dhau sijhawm;
nyob rau theem kawg, txoj hnyuv los ntshav yuav qhib, anemia tshwm sim thiab kev qaug cawv ntawm tag nrho cov kab mob tshwm sim
Qhov no yog qhov mob plab adenocarcinoma tshwm sim nws tus kheej. Qhov kev kwv yees feem ntau poob siab.
Ntau tus kab mob no tawm tsam ntau, tus neeg pib nkees, qhov qaug zog zoo li no tshwm sim vim mob qog noj ntshav. Kev ua txhaum ntawm kev nqus ntawm cov zaub mov ua rau lub fact tias ib tug neeg pib poob ceeb thawj heev.
Nws nce ntxivTus kab mob, cov tsos mob tshwm sim ntau dua ib tus neeg muaj, nyob rau theem kawg lub cev kub tuaj yeem nce mus txog 38 degrees. Cov quav ntawm cov quav kuj hloov tau zoo heev, thiab cem quav alternates nrog raws plab thiab muaj ib tug muaj zog fetid tsw.
Ntau zaus tus neeg mob pib xav tias nws tsis tau nqus nws cov hnyuv tag. Yog li ntawd, muaj convulsive contraction ntawm cov nqaij ntshiv, thiab muaj kev dag ntxias kom tshem tawm cov quav. Tsis tas li ntawd, ib tug neeg tuaj yeem mus rau chav dej txog li 20 zaug hauv ib hnub nrog kev tso tawm ntawm cov hnoos qeev thiab ntshav. Qhov no yog qhov txaus ntshai rau plab hnyuv adenocarcinoma.
Thaum metastases tshwm sim hauv lub gallbladder thiab hauv daim siab, ces pom ib tug neeg pib pom qhov tshwm sim ntawm jaundice. Thiab nyob rau hauv rooj plaub thaum lub qog loj hlob zuj zus, nws muaj peev xwm los thaiv cov plab hnyuv lumen, vim li ntawd, kev quav dej quav cawv yog cuam tshuam, thiab qhov mob tsuas yog ua rau lub plab zuj zus, thiab cov tsos mob tau ntxiv rau hauv daim ntawv xeev siab thiab ntuav.
Raws li koj paub, ib qho ntawm cov haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm txoj hnyuv loj yog kev sib sau thiab khaws cov quav, uas cuam tshuam rau cov qog, ua rau nws ulcerate. Yog hais tias tus mob no pib tsim, ces impurities ntawm purulent secretions thiab ntshav kuj yuav ntxiv rau cov quav.
Dab tsi ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim ntawm tus kab mob no?
Adenocarcinoma ntawm txoj hnyuv loj tuaj yeem tshwm sim vim muaj ntau yam. Cov kws tshaj lij tau txheeb xyuas thiab txheeb xyuas cov laj thawj hauv qab no uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev loj hlob ntawm qhov tsis xws luag, xws li:
muaj nyob rau hauvtxoj hnyuv polyps;
ulcerative colitis;
duodenal ulcer;
cem quav ntev;
kab mob papillomavirus
Nws tsim nyog sau cia tias mob qog noj ntshav tuaj yeem rov qab los ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav zoo. Thiab qhov swb ntawm qhov tsis xws luag hauv duodenum feem ntau yog vim qhov tseeb tias nws cuam tshuam los ntawm cov kua tsib thiab kua txiv pancreatic.
Tsis tas li ntawd, plab hnyuv adenocarcinoma (kev kho mob yuav tham hauv qab no) tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm cov hauv qab no:
malnutrition;
dej;
smoking;
tau txais kev ntxhov siab tsis tu ncua;
kev hloov pauv
Nws tseem yuav tsum tau hais ntxiv tias qee zaum, qhov tshwm sim ntawm ob lub qog qog nqaij hlav tuaj yeem ua tau - qhov no yog mob qog noj ntshav ntawm txoj hnyuv thiab cov hnyuv.
Adenocarcinoma ntawm txoj hnyuv loj feem ntau tshwm sim hauv cov neeg uas tsis ua raws li kev noj haus lossis raug kev txom nyem los ntawm fistulas hauv qhov quav. Nws tseem tsim nyog sau cia tias feem ntau provokes kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob no thiab kev siv tshuaj nyob rau hauv chaw ua hauj lwm thiab tom tsev.
Qhia los ntawm qhov tsis xws luag tuaj yeem txheeb pom
Adenocarcinoma tuaj yeem tshwm sim nws tus kheej nrog cov cim hauv qab no. Yog tias mob qog noj ntshav nyob hauv cov hnyuv, cov tsos mob yuav yog:
mob lub plab sab sauv;
hloov cem quav nrog kua quav;
flatulence;
Khxeev siab thiab gagging;
poob ceeb thawj
Raws cov plab hnyuv adenocarcinoma (theem 3 thiab 4) loj tuaj,ib tug neeg yuav qhia tau tias intoxication ntawm lub cev. Thiab cov tsos mob xws li tsis qab los noj mov los yog tag nrho tsis kam noj yuav dhau los ua tus qauv. Yog tias qhov mob hnyav txaus, los ntshav yuav tshwm sim. Thaum theem plaub ntawm qhov tsis xws luag no tshwm sim, cov qog nqaij hlav cancer cuam tshuam tag nrho cov tib neeg lub cev nyob sib ze.
Nrog adenocarcinoma, rwj tuaj yeem txhim kho ntawm phab ntsa ntawm cov hnyuv, xws li neoplasms tuaj yeem ua rau qhib los ntshav.
Hais txog txoj hnyuv adenocarcinoma, muaj ntau qhov txawv, xws li:
mob nyob hauv plab plab;
qab los noj mov tsis tag;
muaj kuab thiab cov ntshav tawg ntau hauv cov quav;
qee zaum purulent tawm tuaj yeem pom hauv cov quav
Yog tias cov phab ntsa ntawm txoj hnyuv raug cuam tshuam, ces cov ntshav tshwm sim zais. Thiab yog hais tias cov qog nyob rau hauv seem sab laug, cov ntshav liab liab yuav tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov quav. Thiab raws li ib qho ntawm feem ntau cov cim qhia ntawm tus kab mob no, qhov no yog ib qho kev dag ntxias kom zom cov hnyuv.
Yog tias ib tug neeg muaj tsawg kawg yog ib qho ntawm cov cim saum toj no, qhov no yog lub teeb liab kom nrhiav kev pab tam sim ntawd. Tsis txhob pheej hmoo rau koj tus kheej lub neej thiab tsis quav ntsej cov cim no.
Ib qho tseem ceeb: yog tias ib tus neeg tsim muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm plab hnyuv adenocarcinoma, qhov kev tsis txaus siab feem ntau yog los ntshav los ntawm qhov quav.
Kev kuaj mob plab adenocarcinoma
Kev kuaj mob zoo limob qog noj ntshav, yog tsim los ntawm cov hauv qab no manipulations:
kev tsis txaus siab ntawm tus neeg mob;
keeb kwm;
kev tshuaj xyuas pom;
kuaj lub qhov quav los ntawm palpation;
instrumental exam
Raws li txoj cai, ntau dua 70% ntawm tag nrho cov qog nqaij hlav hauv plab yog nyob rau hauv cov hnyuv qis, yog li lawv tuaj yeem kuaj pom siv txoj kev palpation lossis sigmoidoscopy. Yog hais tias qhov chaw dislocation nyob siab, ces tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb siv lub colonoscopy. Thiab txhawm rau coj cov khoom siv rau kev kuaj mob histological, tus kws kho mob tau mus rau colonoscopy, uas pab xaiv tus qauv.
txhawm rau ntsuas qhov loj thiab cov duab ntawm cov qog, kev kawm X-ray sib piv ntawm txoj hnyuv yog siv. Ultrasound yog siv los kuaj cov metastases. Txoj kev no kuj tau qhia yog tias tsis tuaj yeem ua endoscopy.
Ntxiv rau cov txheej txheem saum toj no, tus neeg mob yuav tsum xeem dhau cov kev sim hauv qab no:
fecal occult ntshav kuaj;
tshuaj ntsuam biochemical;
kuaj ntshav thiab zis
Thaum tus kws kho mob tuaj koom yuav muaj tag nrho cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev xeem hauv nws txhais tes, tsuas yog qhov no nws thiaj li tsim tau qhov kev kuaj mob kom raug.
Adenocarcinoma ntawm txoj hnyuv: kev kuaj mob
Cov kev ntsuam xyuas hauv qab no ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv kev kuaj mob xws li neoplasm, uas yog:
kuaj hluav taws xob;
probe enterography;
kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm qhov sib txawvyam;
irrirography;
ultrasound;
xam tomography;
xaiv antiography
Raws li cov txheej txheem xws li enteroscopy thiab colonoscopy, qhov no, siv cov txheej txheem thawj zaug, tsuas yog thawj ntu ntawm txoj hnyuv tuaj yeem kuaj xyuas kom meej, thiab siv txoj kev thib ob, ntu thermal.
Tsis tas li, yog tias qhov teeb meem no raug xav tias, kev kuaj ntshav thiab zis tau raug tshuaj. Qee zaum, tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb tuaj yeem sau tshuaj ntsuam xyuas ntxiv, nyob ntawm seb qhov kev puas tsuaj rau cov hnyuv me.
Kev xaiv kev kho mob li cas thiab qhov kev cia siab rau tus neeg mob yog dab tsi?
Koj tuaj yeem tshem tawm ntawm hom neoplasm no tsuas yog siv los ntawm kev cuam tshuam kev phais. Tab sis ua ntej ua cov txheej txheem zoo li no, tus neeg mob yuav tsum tau kuaj kom tiav.
Yog tias pom muaj mob qog noj ntshav hauv cov hnyuv, ces qhov kev txiav txim siab dav yuav ua. Hauv kev mob qog noj ntshav duodenal, kev tshem tawm tiav yog pom zoo. Thiab yog tias muaj qhov xav tau ntxiv, lawv tuaj yeem ua lub plab resection.
Ntau zaus xws li kev phais yog ua ke nrog tshuaj kho mob. Thiab nrog mob qog noj ntshav ntawm daim ntawv tsis tuaj yeem, tshuaj kho mob tsuas yog lub sijhawm rau tus neeg. Thaum ua kev phais ntawm theem 1 thiab theem 2, qhov kev muaj sia nyob tsib xyoos tau kov yeej 40% ntawm cov neeg mob.
Yog tias kuaj tau tus mob qog noj ntshav, ces kev phais kuj raug sau tseg. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, yog hais tias lub qog yog tsawg, ces ib tug colostomy yog tsim. Qhov no ua rau nws ua tau rau ib tug neeg mus txuas ntxivlife.
Yog tias qhov quav tau kuaj pom ib zaug, ces nws yuav tsum tau ua irradiation ua ntej thiab tom qab kev phais. Cov txheej txheem no tso cai rau koj kom ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig siab tshaj plaws.
Raws li adenocarcinoma ntawm txoj hnyuv loj ntawm thawj theem, qhov kev muaj sia nyob tsib xyoos tau kov yeej 90% ntawm tag nrho cov neeg mob. Nyob rau theem ob, cov txiaj ntsig zoo li no tau txo qis rau 80%. Thiab thaum kuaj pom theem thib peb thiab thib plaub, tsuas yog ib nrab ntawm txhua tus neeg mob tau kov yeej qhov pib tsib xyoos.
Hmoov tsis zoo, vim qhov kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob no ntev thiab tsis pom kev, feem ntau cov neeg tuag, vim qhov tsis xws luag tau kuaj pom nyob rau theem thaum cov tshuaj tuaj yeem pab me ntsis.
ntsuas kev tiv thaiv
Yuav ua li cas thiaj tiv thaiv kab mob qog noj ntshav? Adenocarcinoma tshwm sim rau cov laj thawj hauv qab no:
kab mob qog nqaij hlav;
cov txheej txheem inflammatory tsim nyob rau hauv txoj hnyuv;
tsis txaus fiber ntau;
teeb meem nrog cov quav tsis tu ncua;
- laus laus.
Yog koj ua tib zoo saib xyuas koj tus kheej txoj kev noj qab haus huv thiab txheeb xyuas thiab tshem tawm txhua yam teeb meem saum toj no hauv lub sijhawm, tus neeg ntawd yuav muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv tus kab mob no. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum tau saib xyuas koj tus kheej cov zaub mov thiab txo qis kev noj cov zaub mov rog thiab ntsim.
Raws li cov neeg laus, raws li tau hais los saum toj no, lawv raug mob hnyav tshaj plaws, yog li koj yuav tsum tsis txhob zam kev kuaj mob tsis tu ncuacoloproctologist. Tsis txhob tsis quav ntsej tus kws tshaj lij no, vim nws yog tus uas tuaj yeem cawm koj txoj sia. Tom qab ntawd, nyob rau theem pib, adenocarcinoma ntawm txoj hnyuv tuaj yeem kuaj pom. Kev kwv yees tom qab phais yuav zoo.
Zoo kawg
Hmoov tsis zoo, kev kho mob uas tuaj yeem kov yeej mob qog noj ntshav tsis tau muaj. Cov tshuaj niaj hnub no muaj txoj hauv kev thiab cov tshuaj uas muaj txiaj ntsig tsuas yog nyob rau theem pib. Tab sis thaum muaj tus kab mob no tau kuaj pom nyob rau theem lig, txoj hauv kev yuav tsawg. Tias yog vim li cas lub sij hawm yuav tsum tau mob siab rau qhov teeb meem no, vim hais tias lub sij hawm ntawm kev kuaj mob cancer muab lub sij hawm zoo uas ib tug neeg yuav tiv tau tus kab mob thiab muaj peev xwm nyob mus ntxiv. Ntau zaus koj yuav tsum tau xyuam xim rau koj lub cev thiab ua tib zoo soj ntsuam txhua xyoo.
Peb tau tshuaj xyuas tus kab mob plab hnyuv adenocarcinoma, piav qhia txog qhov tshwm sim.
