Papillary thyroid cancer tshwm sim nyob rau hauv xya caum feem pua ntawm cov neeg mob oncological kab mob ntawm endocrine system. Xws li mob qog noj ntshav feem ntau metastasizes, txawm li cas los xij, nws yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm qhov muaj sia nyob zoo yog tias nws raug kuaj pom raws sijhawm. Vim li cas qhov no pathology tshwm sim, dab tsi yog nws cov tsos mob? Tus kab mob no kho li cas? Thiab qhov kev kwv yees yog dab tsi? Tag nrho cov no yuav tau tham hauv kab lus no.
Tus yam ntxwv ntawm tus kab mob
Papillary thyroid cancer yog tsim los ntawm cov hlwb ntawm lub cev. Qhov no yog ib tug nruj knot. Nws qhov loj tuaj yeem ncav cuag tsib centimeters lossis ntau dua, thiab cov qauv, tig mus, yog papillary. Hom mob qog noj ntshav no muaj kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb vim nws loj hlob qeeb thiab kho tau. Muaj feem cuam tshuam rau papillary cancer tsuas yog cov ntaub so ntswg nyob sib ze nrog cov qog ntshav. Nyob deb metastasestsawg kawg nkaus, feem ntau lawv cuam tshuam rau lub ntsws.
Muaj kev pheej hmoo feem ntau yog cov neeg mob ntawm peb caug mus rau tsib caug xyoo, txawm hais tias muaj cov kab mob no hauv cov menyuam yaus. Cov poj niam muaj ob zaug yuav raug mob qog noj ntshav li txiv neej.
Kev kuaj mob tom qab phais rau papillary thyroid cancer yuav tau tham nyob rau qhov kawg ntawm tsab xov xwm.
Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb
Qhov ua rau mob qog noj ntshav tsis paub meej, tab sis oncology txheeb xyuas qee yam uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov qog:
- Qhov cuam tshuam rau tib neeg lub cev ntawm hluav taws xob thiab txhua yam hluav taws xob nrog rau cov tshuaj carcinogens.
- Kev muaj tus cwj pwm tsis zoo hauv kev haus luam yeeb thiab haus cawv, uas txo qis kev tiv thaiv kab mob, ua rau lub cev tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob tag nrho.
- Hereditary factor. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej uas ib tug gene uas provokes cov tsos mob ntawm cov thyroid caj pas yog los ntawm ib tug neeg, ces qhov muaj feem ntawm mob nrog nws yog ib puas feem pua.
- YDeficiency hauv lub cev ntawm iodine.
- Lub xub ntiag ntawm cov kab mob ntawm lub cev lub luag haujlwm rau kev tsim cov tshuaj hormones. Piv txwv li, pathologies ntawm zes qe menyuam, qog mammary los yog cov thyroid caj pas nws tus kheej, txhua yam ntawm cov txheej txheem inflammatory hauv lub cev.
- Kev muaj cov tshuaj hormonal hloov hauv daim ntawv ntawm cev xeeb tub, cev xeeb tub thiab lwm yam.
- Lub cev raug kev nyuaj siab.
Muaj kev pheej hmoo tshwj xeeb yog cov neeg laus thiab cov uas tau txais kev kho hluav taws xob. Lub qog malignant ntawm lub cev no tuaj yeem tsim los ntawmkev kawm zoo. Papillary thyroid cancer kuj tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm metastases los ntawm lwm yam kabmob.
Symptomatics
Kev kho tus kab mob nyob ntawm nws theem thiab qhov loj ntawm kev tsim. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tau txheeb xyuas qhov no pathology nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm. Ua li no, koj yuav tsum paub cov cim tseem ceeb ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm papillary cancer:
- Kev muaj pob hauv caj dab uas tuaj yeem hnov. Qhov no yog ib qho ntawm cov tsos mob tseem ceeb. Qee lub sij hawm lub pob yog pom pom. Sij hawm dhau mus, nws nce thiab pom ntau dua.
- Qhov pom tau nce hauv cov qog nqaij hlav hauv tsev menyuam. Qhov no kuj yog ib qho cim thaum ntxov tab sis feem ntau tsis pom.
- Qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov tsis xis nyob thaum nqos lossis ua pa txav. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, muaj qee yam qog nqaij hlav hauv caj pas.
- Kev mob, hnoos thiab hnoos tsis tau piav qhia.
Cov cim kawg yuav tshwm sim thaum lub pob caus ncav cuag qhov loj thiab pib ua rau cov hlab pas. Ib tug neeg lub suab tuaj yeem hloov pauv vim qhov no. Nyob rau theem kawg, cov xwm txheej ntawm tus neeg mob hnyav zuj zus tuaj, nws tuaj yeem poob nws txoj kev qab los thiab poob hnyav heev. Koj kuj tuaj yeem ua npaws nrog qaug zog thiab qaug zog.
Yeej, cov tsos mob ntawm papillary thyroid cancer nyob rau theem pib yuav luag tsis tuaj. Qhov no yog qhov txaus ntshai tshaj plaws, yog li koj yuav tsum tau ceev faj thiab kuaj xyuas tsis tu ncua.
Ntau zaus, cov qog nqaij hlav zoo nyob hauv cov neeg laus, thiab mob qog noj ntshav tau kuaj pom tsuas yog 5% ntawm cov neeg mob. Tab sis yog hais tias ib tug neeg pom ib pob caus ntawm nws caj dab, cesnws yuav tsum tau mus ntsib tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb. Qhov no yog qhov tseeb tshwj xeeb rau cov menyuam yaus vim lawv tsis tuaj yeem muaj kev kawm zoo.
theem ntawm pathology
Muaj plaub theem ntawm papillary thyroid cancer:
- Thaum thawj theem, cov qog me me, txog li ob centimeters. Nws tsis muaj metastases thiab tsis poob sab nraum cov thyroid capsule. Hauv thawj theem, mob qog noj ntshav no teb tau zoo rau kev kho mob, txawm hais tias nws nyuaj rau kuaj pom nws ntxov.
- Nyob rau theem thib ob, cov node nce mus txog plaub centimeters, tab sis tseem tsis tau mus dhau lub cev. Nyob rau theem no, nws feem ntau pom los ntawm palpation, thiab tus neeg mob lub sijhawm no pib muaj kev xav tsis xis nyob hauv caj pas. Tseem tsis tau muaj metastases. Qib no ntawm papillary thyroid cancer tau kho tau zoo nyob rau hauv cuaj caum-tsib feem pua ntawm cov neeg mob.
- Nyob rau theem peb, qhov loj ntawm cov qog yog ntau tshaj plaub centimeters. Nws mus dhau ntawm cov thyroid caj pas thiab pib ua rau lub siab rau cov kabmob uas nyob sib ze. Tus neeg mob qhov mob hnyav zuj zus, cov tsos mob tshiab tshwm sim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm kev ua tsis taus pa, mob, ua tsis taus pa thiab hoarseness. Cov theem no kuj yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev nce hauv cov qog ntshav qog thiab muaj ob sab metastases.
- Nyob rau theem plaub, cov qog yog loj, vim yog cov thyroid caj pas deformed, uas ua rau immobile. Lub xub ntiag ntawm metastases nyob rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg nyob ze tau sau tseg, lawv kuj kis mus rau lwm yam kabmob. Cov neeg mob tsim cov tsos mob tshiab, nyob ntawm seb lub cev twg raug cuam tshuam.
Kev kuaj mob tom qab phais rau papillary thyroid cancer yog txaus siab rau ntau tus.
Kev kho mob, phais thiab hloov kho kev kho mob
Thaum kuaj pom tau lawm, kev kho mob yuav tsum pib tam sim ntawd. Yuav luag txhua lub sijhawm, kev kho mob suav nrog kev phais kom tshem tawm cov qog. Qhov zoo dua yog muab rau tag nrho cov thyroidectomy, uas cov thyroid caj pas raug tshem tawm tag nrho. Cov ntaub so ntswg nyob ze nrog cov qog ntshav qog tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm yog tias lawv raug cuam tshuam. Cov kev ntsuas no yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob rov muaj tus kab mob.
Yog tias qhov loj ntawm cov qog me me, txog li ib centimeter, ces qhov ua tsis tiav thyroidectomy tuaj yeem ua tau. Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm zoo li no, tsuas yog cov lobes cuam tshuam ntawm lub caj pas nrog lub isthmus raug tshem tawm. Txoj kev no suav hais tias tsis tshua muaj kev raug mob, tab sis nws kuj yog qhov txaus ntshai vim qee lub hlwb tseem nyob. Kev ua haujlwm kom tshem tawm papillary thyroid cancer yog ua los ntawm ib mus rau peb teev. Lub sijhawm kho dua tshiab feem ntau yog luv thiab tsuas yog peb hnub xwb. Kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm papillary thyroid cancer paub meej qhov no.
Tom qab tag nrho cov thyroidectomy, cov neeg mob xav tau kev kho mob hloov, vim lub cev xav tau cov thyroid hormones. Xws li kev kho mob suav nrog kev siv hluavtaws lossis tsiaj cov tshuaj hormones. Tom qab ua tsis tiav thyroidectomy, kev hloov kho kuj tseem yuav tsum tau, tab sis qhov ntau npaum li cas ntawm cov tshuaj yuav tsawg dua. Txhawm rau txiav txim siab kom raug, cov kws kho mob tas li txheeb xyuas qib ntawm cov tshuaj hormones.
Ib tug neeg uas tau phais mob yuav tsum tau saib xyuas tas li. Rau lub lis piam tom qab, yuav tsum tau ua ib qho tshuaj iodine hauv xov tooj cua, uas qhia txog qhov muaj cov metastases seem. Rau lub hlis tom qab, tus neeg mob raug kuaj rau cov qog nqaij hlav, thiab nws cov qib tshuaj hormones kuj raug kuaj. Cov kev xeem no yuav tsum tau ua tsis tu ncua txhua rau lub hlis. Peb xyoos tom qab ua haujlwm, ib qho ntxiv tag nrho lub cev scan tiav. Tag nrho cov txheej txheem no yog tsom mus nrhiav kev mob qog noj ntshav uas tuaj yeem rov qab los. Kev kwv yees tom qab kev ua haujlwm feem ntau yog qhov zoo, cov neeg zoo li no tuaj yeem rov qab mus rau lawv txoj haujlwm dhau los, thiab cov poj niam muaj lub sijhawm muaj menyuam.
Kev kho mob tom qab phais
Kev kho mob tom qab phais rau follicular-papillary thyroid cancer yog nqa tawm ob lub hlis tom qab kev phais, siv xov tooj cua iodine. Txoj kev no yog siv nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv uas lub qog loj thiab tau nrog los ntawm lub xub ntiag ntawm metastases nyob rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg thiab lymph nodes. Kev kho mob nrog radioactive iodine yog xav tau kom tshem tawm tag nrho cov kab mob pathological uas tseem tshuav.
Kev nyuaj siab thiab rov ua dua
Cov neeg mob Thyrectomy muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim cov teeb meem hauv qab no:
- Thaum kev phais, tus kws phais tuaj yeem ua rau lub paj hlwb puas tsuaj uas yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm ligaments, uas yuav ua rau muaj kev hloov hauv lub suab thiab nrov nrov. Feem ntau qhov no yog ib ntus, tab sis qee zaum lub suab tuaj yeem hloov pauv mus rau tag nrho koj lub neej.
- SloppyCov kev ua ntawm tus kws phais yuav muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau cov qog parathyroid, uas nyob ze heev.
- Muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm hypoparathyroidism, txawm li cas los xij, tus mob no raug kho tom qab kho nrog cov tshuaj calcium.
- Qhov tshwm sim los ntshav thiab o. Qhov tshwm sim no tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm nrog kev pab ntawm cov tshuaj.
Kev tsis taus vim papillary thyroid cancer tshwm sim tsuas yog thaum muaj kev puas tsuaj loj rau cov hlab ntsha rov qab. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus neeg mob tuaj yeem lees paub tias yog ib tus neeg xiam oob khab uas muaj qhov rov ua haujlwm tas li, thiab kev kho mob tsis ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig. Cov teeb meem zoo li no tsis tshwm sim ntau dhau lawm, lawv qhov tshwm sim tsuas yog ob feem pua, yog tias qhov kev ua haujlwm tau ua nyob rau hauv ib chav haujlwm tshwj xeeb.
Rov qab ua dua tom qab phais rau papillary thyroid cancer tuaj yeem tshwm sim yog tias tus kws phais tsis tshem cov qog. Muaj tseeb, nws tshwm sim tias mob qog noj ntshav rov qab txawm tias tom qab tshem tawm tag nrho, uas yuav qhia txog kev ua phem ntawm pathology. Relapses feem ntau tshwm sim tom qab xyoo thiab txawm kaum xyoo. Feem ntau, cov qog tuaj yeem rov tshwm sim hauv cov qog nqaij hlav thiab lwm yam kabmob, xws li lub ntsws. Tab sis tus mob qog noj ntshav pom nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm yog dua amenable rau kev kho mob. Nws yog ua raws li tib lub tswv yim raws li thawj pathology, txawm li cas los xij, kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov teeb meem yuav ntau dua.
Yog li, rov tshwm sim feem ntau tshwm sim thaum cov thyroid tsis raug tshem tawm tag nrho. Cov qog feem ntau yog kuaj pom hauv lwm lub lobe ntawm lub cev. Lwm yam uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau kev rov qab mob qog noj ntshav,qhov loj loj ntawm cov qog tshwm sim nrog rau qhov uas nws kim heev thiab multifocal lesion. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev rov qab los ntawm lub hnub nyoog nce ntxiv.
Kev kuaj pom muaj nyob rau thawj ob theem feem ntau yog qhov zoo. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, ua tiav kev zam txim tshwm sim hauv yim caum-tsib feem pua ntawm tag nrho cov kev kho mob. Nws yog contraindicated rau cov neeg uas tau raug phais kom nthuav tawm lawv lub cev mus rau ib qho hluav taws xob, lawv tsis tuaj yeem ua haujlwm nrog cov khoom hnyav.
Yuav ua li cas rau papillary thyroid cancer tom qab phais?
Papillary thyroid carcinoma muaj qhov pom zoo, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum piv nrog lwm hom qog. Lub neej expectancy ntawm tus neeg mob nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no nyob ntawm ob peb yam hauv qab no:
- theem kab mob.
- Qhov loj ntawm cov kab mob pathological neoplasm.
- Kev nthuav dav ntawm metastases.
- hnub nyoog qeb ntawm tus neeg mob.
- Kev kho mob zoo.
Kev kuaj mob ntawm papillary thyroid cancer feem ntau yog ua los ntawm tus kheej raws li cov lus ntsuas tshwj xeeb. Yog tias kuaj pom mob qog noj ntshav nyob rau thawj theem, ces qhov kev tuag yuav luag xoom. Qhov kev muaj sia nyob tsib xyoos ntawm theem no yog 97%. 10-xyoo ciaj sia tus nqi yog 90%. Ntau tshaj kaum xyoo nyob 75% ntawm cov neeg mob. Thiab nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej uas cov qog nyob rau hauv cov thyroid caj pas me heev, ces koj muaj peev xwm nyob rau nees nkaum-tsib xyoo, tab sis koj yuav tsum tau kho tas li, raug soj ntsuam los ntawm kws kho mob.
Rau qhov thib ob, qhov kev muaj sia nyob tsib xyoos tsuas yog 55%. Nyob rau theem peb, ntxiv tsib xyoos tom qab kev ua haujlwm yuavtsuas yog 35% ntawm cov neeg mob muaj sia nyob. Thiab nyob rau theem plaub, tsuas yog 15% ntawm cov neeg mob tuaj yeem nyob tau tsib xyoos tom qab kev phais. Nrog rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm relapses, lub neej expectancy yog heev txo.
Kev kuaj mob yuav hnyav dua rau cov neeg mob uas tau tshawb pom nyob deb ntawm metastases lossis qog hlav loj dua tsib centimeters. Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb ntawm kev tuag hauv cov thyroid cancer yog metastases mus rau lwm yam kabmob.
prophylaxis
Yuav tsum ua li cas thiaj tiv thaiv tus kab mob no?
- Irradiation yuav tsum zam thaum twg ua tau.
- Nws raug nquahu kom noj cov tshuaj poov tshuaj iodide.
- Kev kuaj caj ces yuav tsum tau ua kom paub cov noob uas ua rau mob qog noj ntshav.
- Koj yuav tsum noj zaub mov uas muaj iodine lossis siv ntsev iodized.
- Nws yog qhov tsim nyog los kho hormonal thiab inflammatory pathologies raws sijhawm.
- Kev coj cwj pwm phem yog qhov tseem ceeb.
- Koj yuav tsum tau so kom txaus thiab noj kom zoo.
- Kev ntxhov siab thiab kev txhawj xeeb yuav tsum zam.
Cov lus pov thawj tus neeg mob
Tshuaj xyuas txog papillary thyroid cancer tom qab kev phais muaj ntau. Nws yog qhov paub zoo tias qhov tseem ceeb ntawm tus kab mob no yog txhawm rau kuaj nws raws sijhawm.
Raws li cov neeg mob uas tau kuaj pom tus kab mob no sau: ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, koj yuav tsum nrhiav ib tus kws kho mob zoo rau kev kho mob qog nqaij hlav papillary thyroid ntxiv.
Piv txwv li, cov neeg mob uas tau kuaj mob qog noj ntshavcov thyroid caj pas nyob rau thawj theem, lawv sau tias lawv tau yooj yim mus phais, tom qab ntawd lawv nyob hauv tsev plaub hnub tom qab.
Kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm papillary thyroid cancer phais feem ntau yog qhov zoo.
Tom qab ntawd, cov neeg mob tau sau tshuaj hormonal thiab saib xyuas tas li los ntawm tus kws kho mob. Kev ntseeg siab rau yav tom ntej ntawm cov neeg mob no yog muab los ntawm qhov tseeb tias papillary thyroid cancer tsis yog hom mob qog noj ntshav txaus ntshai tshaj plaws.
Tab sis, txawm li cas los xij, cov kab mob no tseem yog oncological hauv cov xwm txheej, thiab ntawm cov rooj sab laj koj tuaj yeem pom cov lus zoo thiab txhawb nqa uas nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub koj yuav tsum tsis txhob tso tseg, koj yuav tsum tau kho thiab ntseeg qhov zoo tshaj plaws.
