Hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib mellitus: kho, noj zaub mov, tiv thaiv qhov teeb meem

Cov txheej txheem:

Hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib mellitus: kho, noj zaub mov, tiv thaiv qhov teeb meem
Hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib mellitus: kho, noj zaub mov, tiv thaiv qhov teeb meem

Video: Hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib mellitus: kho, noj zaub mov, tiv thaiv qhov teeb meem

Video: Hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib mellitus: kho, noj zaub mov, tiv thaiv qhov teeb meem
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Anonim

Hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib mellitus yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev nce qib ntawm cov piam thaj, uas cov txheej txheem pathological cuam tshuam yuav luag txhua lub cev thiab lub cev. Thaum lub sij hawm tus kab mob, lub zog metabolism hauv lub cev cuam tshuam. Glucose yog ib yam khoom uas tus neeg tau txais nrog zaub mov, thiab tom qab ntawd cov ntshav xa mus rau cov hlwb. Txawm li cas los xij, txhawm rau nkag mus rau hauv lub cev, cov piam thaj xav tau cov tshuaj insulin.

Raws li ICD 10 code, hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib yog nyob rau qib 4 ntawm cov kab mob endocrine thiab cov kab mob metabolic thiab yog coded E11.

Tus yam ntxwv ntawm tus kab mob

Insulin yog tsim los ntawm pancreatic cells. Hauv hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib mellitus, muaj cov txheeb ze tsis muaj cov tshuaj hormone no. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias thaum pib ntawm tus kab mob no, cov hlwb tuaj yeem tsim cov tshuaj insulin ib txwm lossis nce ntxiv, tab sis tom qab ntawd nws poob qis.

Cov tsos mob ntawm Mob Ntshav Qab Zib
Cov tsos mob ntawm Mob Ntshav Qab Zib

Yog vim li cas kev xa cov piam thaj mus rau cov hlwb thiab lub cev tsis ua tiav tag nrho. Cov piam thaj ntau dhau accumulates hauv cov ntshav. Qhov no ua rau tsis zoo rau cov hlab ntsha thiab lub paj hlwb, uas muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo raulawv ua haujlwm. Cov mob no ua rau muaj kev txhim kho ntau yam teeb meem. Feem ntau, tus kab mob pib tshwm sim nrog kev rog lossis kev xeeb tub.

Kev tshwm sim

Ntawm cov laj thawj tseem ceeb ntawm ntshav qab zib hom 2 tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas tau raws li hauv qab no:

  • hnyav dhau;
  • tsis muaj zog;
  • ntau dhau ntawm cov carbohydrates yooj yim digestible hauv cov zaub mov;
  • genetic predisposition.

Cov ntaub so ntswg adipose nce kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov txheej txheem metabolic thiab cuam tshuam rau kev tsim cov tshuaj insulin. Qhov txaus ntshai tshaj plaws yog tsub zuj zuj ntawm lub cev rog nyob rau hauv lub duav rov sauv cheeb tsam. Kev ua neej nyob sedentary ua rau txo qis hauv cov leeg xav tau cov piam thaj. Yog tias tsis muaj kev tawm dag zog lub cev, ces nws yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv cov ntshav.

Ntau dhau ntawm kev noj zaub mov uas yooj yim digestible carbohydrates ua rau muaj zog ntau lawm ntawm cov tshuaj hormones. Genetic predisposition ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm ntshav qab zib. Cov yam tshwm sim muaj xws li hnub nyoog ntawm tus neeg. Feem ntau tus kab mob no tshwm sim tom qab 40 xyoo.

Severity

Nyob ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm chav kawm, hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib tau muab faib ua:

  • easy;
  • medium;
  • hnyav.

Nrog rau qib qis, kev noj zaub mov tshwj xeeb txaus los tswj cov piam thaj hauv qib uas xav tau. Cov tshuaj feem ntau tsis raug sau tseg. Nws tshwm sim tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim, txij li qhov pib qhov kev kuaj mob twb tau ua tiav nyob rau qib siab duastage.

Ua rau muaj teeb meem
Ua rau muaj teeb meem

Qhov nruab nrab qib yog suav tias yog qhov feem ntau. Tus neeg mob xav tau cov tshuaj kom txo cov piam thaj. Cov teeb meem nyob rau theem no tsis raug soj ntsuam los yog lawv mob me thiab tsis cuam tshuam rau lub neej zoo. Nyob rau theem no, tej zaum yuav muaj qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov tshuaj insulin vim qhov txo qis hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm pancreas. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, nws yog ntxiv rau kev txhaj tshuaj. Kev poob phaus tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm no vim lub cev tsis tuaj yeem nqus cov suab thaj thiab ua rau nws cov rog thiab cov leeg.

Kev kawm qib siab yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm qhov muaj teeb meem. Nrog kev xaiv tsis raug cai lossis nws qhov tsis tuaj yeem, ntau yam kev mob tshwm sim hauv cov hlab ntsha ntawm ob lub raum, nrog rau qhov muag. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub plawv tsis ua haujlwm, mob ntshav qab zib ko taw tuaj yeem tshwm sim. Lub paj hlwb raug mob los ntawm tus kab mob no, thiab kev hloov pauv degenerative tshwm sim hauv cheeb tsam no.

Cov tsos mob tseem ceeb

Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob no tsis yog tshwj xeeb. Lawv qhov tshwm sim feem ntau tsis pom los ntawm tus neeg thiab tsis muaj kev tsis xis nyob thiab cuam tshuam ntawm kev noj qab haus huv. Txawm li cas los xij, paub tias cov tsos mob ntawm kev ua txhaum cai yuav ua li cas, koj tuaj yeem paub txog lub sijhawm ntawm tus kab mob thiab sab laj nrog kws kho mob rau kev kuaj mob thiab kev kho mob tom ntej. Kev kho raws sij hawm yuav tiv thaiv qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov teeb meem. Cov cim tseem ceeb ntawm cov txheej txheem pathological no yog:

  • tso zis ntau ntxiv;
  • nqhis dej heev;
  • dry mouth;
  • nceqab los;
  • muab khaus khaus.

Abscesses tuaj yeem tshwm sim ntawm daim tawv nqaij, uas tsis kho tau ntev. Tsis tas li ntawd, ib qho ntawm cov tsos mob tuaj yeem yog kab mob fungal thiab impotence. Tus kab mob tuaj yeem pom tau los ntawm kev sib tsoo, thaum hu rau tus kws kho mob uas muaj lub plawv nres lossis mob stroke. Qhov no yuav qhia tau tias muaj teeb meem txaus ntshai.

Cov cim Classic tsuas yog tshwm sim nrog kev nce qib ntawm cov piam thaj. Hauv qhov no, nws yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account qhov tseeb tias tam sim ntawd muaj cov piam thaj ntau ntxiv hauv cov ntaub so ntswg thiab lub cev.

Diagnostics

Rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib, kev kho mob raug xaiv nruj me ntsis rau tus kheej. Txawm li cas los xij, ua ntej qhov no, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los ua qhov kev kuaj mob dav dav thiab txiav txim siab qhov hnyav ntawm tus kab mob. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, siv kev kuaj ntshav, tus nqi ntawm cov piam thaj tau txiav txim siab. Nrog rau cov nqi siab, muaj kev kawm ntxiv.

Kev kuaj mob
Kev kuaj mob

Glucose tolerance test yuav raug txiav txim. Nws yog nqa tawm thaum sawv ntxov nruj me ntsis ntawm lub plab khoob. Txoj kev tshawb fawb no tso cai rau koj los ntsuas seb lub cev tiv thaiv cov piam thaj uas tau nkag mus rau nws li cas.

Txoj kev kho mob

Kev kho mob raws sij hawm ntawm hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib tso cai rau koj tso tseg cov txheej txheem pathological. Tshwj xeeb, tus kws kho mob tau sau cov tshuaj hypoglycemic, uas yog xaiv ib tus zuj zus, nyob ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm tus kab mob.

Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kev kho neeg pej xeem thiab cov kev siv feem ntau yog siv, thiab kev ua raws li kev noj haus nruj heev. Tag nrho cov nopab ua kom muaj kev noj qab nyob zoo sai sai thiab tiv thaiv kev txhim kho ntawm cov teeb meem.

kev kho mob

Tshuaj rau hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib yog tsuas yog kws kho mob tsim nyog. Tshwj xeeb, cov tshuaj xws li:

  • biguanides;
  • thiozolidinedione;
  • Ysulfonylurea derivatives;
  • glinides;
  • inhibitors.

Biguanides pab txo qis insulin tsis kam, nqus cov piam thaj ntau dhau. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv pab kom poob phaus, tawm tsam rog. Ntawm cov tshuaj nrov tshaj plaws yog xws li "Glucophage" thiab "Siofor". Cov tshuaj no pab txo cov txheej txheem kev laus, uas tshwm sim ua ntej hauv cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib.

Kev kho mob
Kev kho mob

Thiozolidinediones nce cov piam thaj los ntawm cov hlwb, thiab tseem ua rau cov metabolism hauv lipid normalizes. Cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv pab pawg no feem ntau yog muab rau cov cholesterol siab. Sulfonylurea derivatives pab txhawb kev tsim cov tshuaj insulin. Lawv zoo tshaj plaws siv ua ke nrog biguanides. Ntawm cov tshuaj ntawm pab pawg no, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau hais txog xws li "Amaryl", "Maninil" thiab "Dibeton".

Glinides yog cov tshuaj ua kom nrawm nrawm txhawm rau txhim kho cov tshuaj insulin sai sai tom qab noj mov. Incretinomimetics yog cov tshuaj tshiab tsim tshwj xeeb rau cov ntshav qab zib. Lawv pab txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov tshuaj hormones uas cuam tshuam rau kev tsim cov tshuaj insulin, thiab tseem muaj cov piam thaj hauv lub cev.

Qee zaum, kev npaj ua ke tuaj yeem raug sau tseg, tus cwj pwm los ntawm qhov tseeb tias ib ntsiav tshuaj muaj ob yam khoom xyaw. Xws li txhais tau tias suav nrog "Glukovans", "Glibomet". Lawv txoj kev siv ua rau kev kho mob yooj yim dua thiab siv tau rau tus neeg mob.

Tshuaj kho mob ntshav qab zib hom 2 yog xaiv los ntawm tus kheej nkaus xwb, nyob ntawm seb tus mob pancreas, tus neeg mob qhov hnyav thiab muaj cov kab mob sib kis.

Kev siv tshuaj insulin

Yog tias cov tshuaj tsis tuaj yeem tswj cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav, ces cov tshuaj insulin raug muab rau cov ntshav qab zib hom 2. Qhov no tshwm sim nrog kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob, nrog rau kev txo qis ntawm cov tshuaj hormones no.

Kev kho tshuaj insulin ib ntus tuaj yeem raug sau thaum kho mob hnyav, ua ntej phais, tom qab phais mob, thaum cev xeeb tub, nrog rau muaj cov kab mob sib kis. Qhov nruab nrab, cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib hom 2 tau muab tshuaj insulin txog 9 xyoo tom qab kuaj pom.

Kev siv sijhawm ntev ntawm cov tshuaj hormone no ua rau nws muaj peev xwm tswj tau qhov kev ua haujlwm ntawm tus txiav, thiab tseem tiv thaiv kev txhim kho ntawm cov teeb meem. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog sau cia tias nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum suav cov tshuaj insulin kom raug, vim tias qhov ntau dhau tuaj yeem ua rau hypoglycemic coma..

Ntseeg haiv neeg

Txoj kev kho mob ntshav qab zib muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. Cov tshuaj ntsuab tsuas yog siv tau thaum muaj mob me me ntawm cov kab mob tshwm sim los ntawm kev ntxiv tshuaj.tshuaj. Raws li cov tshuaj hypoglycemic, koj tuaj yeem siv cov nroj tsuag xws li:

  • chamomile;
  • aspen bark;
  • St. John's wort;
  • horsetail;
  • cinnamon;
  • St. John's wort;
  • blueberry tua.
Kev kho neeg pej xeem
Kev kho neeg pej xeem

Decoctions thiab infusions tuaj yeem npaj los ntawm cov nroj tsuag tshuaj. Cinnamon tuaj yeem siv ua txuj lom hauv khoom qab zib, dej qab zib thiab nqaij tais.

Dieting

Nco ntsoov paub tias yam mob ntshav qab zib hom 2 yog dab tsi, kom tsis txhob ua rau muaj teeb meem loj thiab ua kom muaj kev noj qab haus huv. Kev ua raws li kev noj haus pab kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm thawj theem ntawm nws cov chav kawm. Kev poob phaus ua rau nws tuaj yeem ua tiav qhov txo qis hauv insulin tsis kam thiab tshem tawm cov insulin tsis txaus los ntawm qhov hnyav dhau.

Cov zaub mov rau hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib yog tsim los kom koj tuaj yeem txo qis cov piam thaj mus rau hauv cov hlab ntshav kom ntau li ntau tau. Qhov no yuav ua rau nws muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob muaj cov piam thaj nce ntxiv. Yog li ntawd, cov carbohydrates ceev ceev yuav tsum tsis suav nrog cov khoom noj ib txwm muaj.

Kev noj haus
Kev noj haus

Yeej, tus kws kho mob tau sau cov lus 9 rau hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib, xws li kev noj zaub mov pab ua kom cov piam thaj hauv lub cev thiab ua kom lub cev muaj zog ntxiv. Nco ntsoov txwv koj noj cov rog thiab roj. Lawv tsis tsuas yog ua rau rog rog xwb, tab sis kuj txo cov nqaij rhiab heev rau insulin. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tau kawm yuav ua li cas xam cov nyiaj nyab xeebcarbohydrates.

Khoom noj khoom haus yuav tsum yog feem. Nws tsim nyog nco ntsoov tias koj yuav tsum noj zaub mov txhua 4 teev. Thaum sau cov ntawv qhia zaub mov rau hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account cov ntsiab lus calorie ntawm cov zaub mov noj. Qhov no yuav pab txo qhov hnyav thiab txo cov tshuaj uas siv los kho.

Ntau tus neeg mob xav paub tias yuav ua li cas nrog ntshav qab zib hom 2. Kev noj zaub mov zoo pub rau kev noj zaub mov xws li:

  • qos;
  • khob cij dub;
  • qe;
  • ntses thiab nqaij;
  • zaub thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo;
  • khoom noj;

Cov zaub mov tuaj yeem muaj ntau yam thiab suav nrog zaub mov qab. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum xaiv cov zaub mov txawv rau hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib, nws tsim nyog nco ntsoov tias tag nrho cov khoom noj uas siv tau tsuas yog tso cai rau steamed, boiled thiab stewed. Nws tsis pom zoo kom noj ntsim, rog, ntsev thiab cov kaus poom.

Txiv hmab txiv ntoo tso cai rau ntshav qab zib hom 2 yuav tsum muaj cov piam thaj tsawg kawg nkaus. Nws raug nquahu kom tshem tawm tag nrho cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab txiv tsawb los ntawm koj cov zaub mov ib txwm. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom txwv tsis pub haus cawv, vim cawv ua rau muaj suab thaj txo qis.

qoj ib ce

Kev rog rog feem ntau pom hauv ntshav qab zib hom 2, yog vim li cas koj yuav tsum ua kom lub cev ua si. Tsis tas li ntawd, ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov piam thaj hauv lub cev tau noj thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm cov leeg nqaij. Yog li ntawd, rau kev muab cov piam thaj rau cov hlwb thiab cov ntaub so ntswg,kev tawm dag zog lub cev. Qhov tseeb ib teev ntawm kev cob qhia 3 zaug hauv ib lub lis piam tso cai rau koj txo qis cov tshuaj insulin thiab ua rau nws muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv kev rog rog.

kev tawm dag zog anaerobic yuav tsum nyiam thaum kho. Zoo tagnrho rau txhua yam aerobics, jogging, seev cev, ua luam dej, skiing. Koj yuav tsum xaiv hom kev ua ub no nyob ntawm koj tus kheej nyiam, nrog rau qhov muaj. Rau cov neeg laus, koj yuav tsum pib kev cob qhia nrog kev taug kev luv luv, thiab maj mam txav mus rau qhov hnyav dua. Nws tsim nyog nco ntsoov tias thaum kawg ntawm kev tawm dag zog, tus neeg mob yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj kev qaug zog hnyav.

Txhawm rau ua tiav qhov txiaj ntsig siab tshaj plaws, koj yuav tsum tau muab lub zog thiab kev cob qhia aerobic. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, thaum lub zog thauj khoom, koj yuav tsum tau cob qhia nrog lub nra nruab nrab thiab siab, ua txhua qhov kev tawm dag zog hauv ntau txoj hauv kev. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev tawm dag zog tsis tu ncua, vim tias qhov kev xav ntawm insulin thaum tsis muaj kev cob qhia yuav txo qis heev.

Tus kab mob hauv menyuam yaus

Mob ntshav qab zib mellitus thaum yau yog pom tsis tshua muaj. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias qhov no tshwm sim, ces qib qabzib raug tswj los ntawm kev kho tshuaj. Qhov tseeb, tus kab mob no tau kuaj pom hauv cov menyuam rog rog.

Ib yam tseem ceeb ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm ntshav qab zib yog kev ua neej nyob tsis tu ncua, ua ke nrog kev noj zaub mov tsis zoo thiab tsis sib haum. Koj tuaj yeem tshem tawm hyperglycemia los ntawm kev noj zaub mov, nrog rau kev ua si lub cev.

Hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib tsis tuaj yeem ua tiavkho tau, tab sis muaj lub sijhawm los tiv thaiv cov teeb meem thiab ua kom muaj kev noj qab haus huv.

Muaj Teeb Meem

Cov tshuaj insulin siab tau pom nrog insulin tsis kam thiab qhov no yog vim kev rog rog, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog, muaj cov rog ntau ntxiv hauv plab. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog cov qib roj cholesterol siab thiab kub siab. Yog tias tag nrho cov teeb meem no tau pom tag nrho ua ke, ces tus neeg raug kuaj pom muaj tus mob metabolic.

Yog tias kuaj tau lig, nrog rau kev kho tsis raug, muaj ntau yam teeb meem tshwm sim. Ib qho teeb meem txaus ntshai tshaj plaws yog kev txhim kho ntawm hom 1 mob ntshav qab zib. Hauv qhov no, kev siv tshuaj insulin tas mus li yuav tsum tau tswj hwm qib ntawm cov tshuaj no hauv lub cev. Nrog ntau dhau ntawm nws, tus neeg mob tuaj yeem poob rau hauv glycemic coma, thiab feem ntau tus mob no ua rau tuag.

prophylaxis

Nws muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv kev txhim kho ntawm hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib mellitus txawm tias muaj cov kab mob tshwm sim. Ua li no, nws yog txaus kom normalize qhov hnyav, nrog rau kev ua kis las, tsis txhob noj ntau dhau, thiab txwv kev noj cov carbohydrates ceev.

Ua kev tiv thaiv
Ua kev tiv thaiv

Txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov teeb meem ntawm hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib, koj yuav tsum tau kuaj ntshav kom tsis tu ncua. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau yuav ib lub glucometer. Qhov no yuav tso cai rau txheeb xyuas cov kev hloov pauv pathological thiab ua tiav lawv cov kev kho thaum pib.

Lub neej expectancy thiab kab mobnyob ntawm tus neeg mob. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev txhim kho ntawm cov teeb meem, nco ntsoov:

  • tswj glycated hemoglobin;
  • tuav lub siab ntawm qib xav tau;
  • txiav luam yeeb;
  • normalize cov roj cholesterol.

Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub uas tsis ua raws li tag nrho cov cai thiab cov lus pom zoo no, ntau yam teeb meem thiab teeb meem hauv lub cev tuaj yeem tshwm sim. Kev kho mob ntshav qab zib hom 2 yog ib txoj haujlwm ntev, thiab feem ntau nws tuaj yeem nyob mus ib txhis. Kev kho mob suav nrog tshuaj noj thiab kev hloov hauv kev ua neej.

Pom zoo: