B vitamins yog suav tias yog qhov tseem ceeb rau tib neeg lub cev. Yog tias tsis muaj nws txoj kev koom tes, qhov tseeb tsis yog ib qho txheej txheem physiological tshwm sim, xws li kev tsim cov leeg nqaij thiab pob txha, tswj kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev thiab lub cev, thiab ntau ntxiv. Thawj hauv cov npe ntawm cov khoom tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas tau muab cais ua cov vitamins B yog thiamine - vitamin B1.
Zaj dab neeg nrhiav pom ntawm vitamin B1 (thiamine) yog ze ze rau tus kab mob beriberi paub zoo (avitaminosis B1) uas tshwm sim hauv cov neeg laus thiab cov menyuam yaus uas tsis muaj cov vitamin no hauv lub cev. Nws yog thawj zaug pom nyob rau sab hnub tuaj. Tus kab mob manifests nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob xws li lub cev qaug zog, xeev siab thiab ntuav, ua tsis taus pa luv, thiab nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej hnyav, tuag tes tuag taw tshwm sim. Dab tsi ntawm cov vitamin thiamine yog dab tsi, peb yuav xav txog ntau yam hauv peb tsab xov xwm.
Lub luag haujlwm ntawm vitamin B1
Cov ntsiab lus ib txwm ntawm cov vitamin B 1hauv lub cev ntawm cov neeg laus thiab menyuam yaus txhawb kev noj qab haus huv, kev cia siab, sai sai txo qhov qaug zog thiabKev chim siab, ntxhov siab, txo kev ntshai, tswj kev noj qab haus huv, thiab tseem txhim kho cov txheej txheem ntawm kev faib zaub mov hauv plab thiab koom nrog hauv kev tswj hwm ntawm txoj hnyuv.
Kawm seb hom vitamin thiamine yog dab tsi, thov nco ntsoov tias nws tsis tuaj yeem sib sau hauv tib neeg lub cev ntawm nws tus kheej. Hmoov tsis zoo, peb tsis muaj qhov zais cia los ntawm qhov uas nws yuav ua tau kom tau txais cov vitamin ntxiv yog tias nws tsis txaus. Nws yuav tsum tau muab khoom noj txhua hnub, uas tsis yog ib txwm yooj yim ua. Vitamin B1 yog nkig heev, uas txhais tau hais tias nws degrades sai sai thaum ua tiav rau lub sij hawm ntev ntawm qhov kub thiab txias thiab muaj alkalis.
Diagnosis
Thaum koj tau txiav txim siab tias hom vitamin thiamine nws yog dab tsi, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nkag siab txog yuav ua li cas txheeb xyuas hypovitaminosis B1. Kev kuaj mob yog ua raws li kev txiav txim siab ntawm qhov txo qis hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov vitamin hauv cov ntshav (hauv cov ntshav hauv qab 5 μg / l, hauv cov ntshav erythrocytes qis dua 30 μg / l), nce qib tso cai ntawm lactate thiab pyruvate hauv cov ntshav, thiab tseem ua raws li kev txiav txim siab ntawm qib thiamine hauv cov zis.
qib thiamine hauv cov zis thiab ntshav tsis suav tias yog pov thawj ntawm B deficiency 1, tab sis yog qhia txog cov thiamine uas tau noj nrog zaub mov hnub ua ntej.
leej twg tshwj xeeb xav tau thiamine
Vitamin B xav tau tshaj plaws1 cov menyuam yaus thaum lub sijhawm loj hlob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias lawv tau siv cov khoom qab zib, xws li khoom qab zib, hmoov nplej, tshuaj yej qab zib. Thiamine kuj xav tau los ntawm cov poj niam lausTom qab 50 xyoo, tab sis kuj rau cov neeg mob uas muaj qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov vitamin no. Kwv yees li ntawm 40% ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas kuj xav tau kev pab ntxiv ntawm cov vitamin B1, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov tub ntxhais hluas uas muaj "ib txwm nkees" saib, ntxhov siab, kev nyuaj siab.
Ua rau vitamin B1 poob
Kev noj zaub mov tsuas yog boils, piv txwv li, txhua yam zaub mov, zaub, zaub purees, tib neeg poob ntau ntawm thiamine. Ntau tus, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, noj cov qhob cij dawb ntau, raug liam tias "vim lub siab" lossis "mob plab", tab sis nyob rau hauv txoj kev no lawv tsuas ua rau qhov xwm txheej tsis zoo. Noj dawb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov qhob cij tshiab, zoo li koj lub plab nrog paj rwb ntaub plaub. Cov nplej los ntawm cov hmoov nplej ua thiab ci ci tau bleached ntau zaus, uas yog vim li cas tsis muaj cov vitamins thiab microelements tshuav nyob rau hauv ci. Kev noj zaub mov ntau zaus ua rau muaj kab mob sclerosis ntxov, nco tsis zoo, tso zis tsis txaus.
Yog tias koj noj zaub mov xws li qhob cij dawb, ncuav qab zib, pancakes, buns, khoom qab zib, thiab lwm yam khoom qab zib, ces koj lub cev tsis tau txais cov vitamin B1, tab sis kuj nce ntxiv. rau nws ob peb zaug. Yog li ntawd, cov zaub mov twg muaj vitamin B 1, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau kawm nrog tshwj xeeb.
Vitamin B1 ntau heev
Nws yuav luag tsis yooj yim sua kom overdose ntawm thiamine, vim nws yog cov vitamin dej-soluble. Nws ntau dhau yog tawm hauv cov zis los yog los ntawm txoj hlab pas. Muaj ib tab sis! Thaum siv hluavtaws vitamin B1, kev tsis haum tshuaj yuav tshwm sim, uas yog nrog los ntawm daim tawv nqaij liabnpog, kub taub hau thiab lwm yam tsos mob tsis kaj siab. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm tus neeg intolerance, nws yog qhov zoo dua kom tsis txhob noj cov tshuaj thiamine, txwv tsis pub qhov tshwm sim ntawm anaphylactic poob siab nce.
Cov tsos mob ntawm vitamin B1 deficiency
Vitamin thiamine yog dab tsi thiab yuav ua li cas rau lub cev thaum nws tsis txaus? Qhov tsis muaj ib qho ntawm cov ntsiab lus no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem loj hauv lub cev. Thiab cov tsos mob hauv qab no ua pov thawj rau nws qhov tsis tuaj:
- poob ceeb thawj;
- tsis qab los;
- colitis (mob ntawm mucous daim nyias nyias ntawm txoj hnyuv loj);
- teeb meem digestion (piv txwv li raws plab);
- neuritis (mob ntawm cov hlab ntsha);
- kev puas tsuaj ntawm lub sijhawm luv luv;
- kev nyuaj siab thiab kev nyuaj siab;
- poob siab;
- tsis muaj zog;
- txo qis hauv qhov pom kev pom;
- huab cua kev nco qab;
- kev xav;
- tsis muaj peev xwm nqus cov ntaub ntawv tshiab;
- mob hauv siab.
Vitamin B deficiency1 tsis tshwm sim hauv cov neeg nyob rau sab hnub poob. Thiamine deficiency tau xav tias muaj ntau zaus hauv cov menyuam yaus dua li cov neeg laus.
Cov zaub mov twg muaj vitamin B1
Vitamin B sources1 cov nroj tsuag muab tau: taum pauv, legumes, cereals, whole grain bread, sunflower noob, qos yaj ywm, carrots, broccoli, kale, parsley, spinach. Tsiajkeeb kwm: nqaij npuas, nqaij nyuj, ntses, qe thiab offal. Cia peb ib leeg tawm almonds, cov txiaj ntsig thiab kev puas tsuaj rau lub cev uas tau kawm hauv Babylon thiab Ancient Greece. Zoo li lwm yam khoom noj hauv peb daim ntawv teev npe, almonds tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob uas cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau qhov tsis muaj cov vitamins B, xws li polyneuritis.
Txhawm rau ua kom tau raws li qhov xav tau niaj hnub ntawm cov vitamin no hauv kev noj zaub mov txaus:
- 200g oatmeal;
- 200g peas porridge;
- 200g nplej xim av;
- 50g sunflower lossis almond noob;
- 250g taum;
- 50g nqaij nyuj;
- 100g nqaij;
- 2 qe nruab nrab qaib;
- 50g spinach;
- 100g broccoli.
Yuav kom tsis txhob raug kev txom nyem los ntawm qhov tsis muaj cov vitamin tseem ceeb no, zam kev kho cua sov ntev, tsis txhob siv cov khoom qab zib, cawv thiab kas fes. Nco ntsoov: txhua hnub xav tau ntawm vitamin B1 (thiamine) yog los ntawm 1.1 txog 2.5 mg. Txawm li cas los xij, nws cov nyiaj nyob ntawm qhov kev sib tw ntawm lub neej thiab lub cev ua si, koj lub hnub nyoog thiab poj niam txiv neej. Thiamine kuj raug rhuav tshem ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Yog li thaum koj khov peas, lawv cov ntsiab lus vitamin B 1txo.
Vitamin nqi txhua hnub
noj txhua hnub ntawm cov vitamin B 1, uas yog, tus nqi ntawm thiamine xav tau los ntawm lub cev, ncaj qha nyob ntawm daim ntawv ntawm cov vitamin. Hauv multivitamin complexes uas muag hauv khw muag tshuaj, B 1yog ib feem ntawm thiamine chloride, thiab tsis zoo li bromine compounds. Nws yog absorbed ntau dua.
Tus nqi ntawm koob tshuaj txhua hnub kuj nyob ntawm lub cev qhov hnyav, kev ua si lub cev thiab lub siab lub ntsws ntawm tus neeg. Qhov nruab nrab, koj yuav tsum noj 1.3-1.5 mg ib hnub. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tsis yog txoj cai nruj, tab sis tsuas yog kev pom zoo los ntawm kws kho mob. Nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm kev zam txim, uas yog, rov qab los ntawm ib tug mob hnyav los yog tom qab cev xeeb tub, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tau nce qhov ntau npaum. Qhov xav tau ntawm cov vitamin B1 hauv cov neeg ncaws pob thiab cov poj niam cev xeeb tub tuaj yeem nce mus txog 2.5-3 mg.
Kev noj txhua hnub ntawm ntau yam txiv hmab txiv ntoo, zaub nyoos thiab zaub muab qhov xav tau ntawm thiamine. Tab sis yog hais tias muaj ntau yam kib thiab boiled zaub mov, ces vitamin B1 yuav tsum tau noj ntxiv.
Tshuaj thiab khoom noj sib cuam tshuam
Tam sim no, tsis muaj ntau qhov kev tshawb fawb txog kev cuam tshuam ntawm thiamine nrog txhua yam tshuaj. Txawm li cas los xij, nws paub tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab tshuaj tua kab mob txo qis kev nqus ntawm thiamine hauv kev txhaj tshuaj rau hauv lub cev cov ntaub so ntswg. Yog li ntawd, ua ntej siv tej yam tshuaj, koj yuav tsum sab laj nrog koj tus kws kho mob.
Zoo li lwm cov vitamins, thiamine kuj muaj cov phooj ywg thiab cov yeeb ncuab. Thawj pab pawg muaj xws li txiv ntseej, noob hnav, cocoa, tshiab spinach thiab lwm yam khoom noj uas muaj magnesium. Cov khoom no pab cov vitamin B1 mus rau hauv daim ntawv nquag, tom qab uas nws pib ua haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv lub cev. Nco ntsoov dab tsi tiv thaiv thiamine los ntawmKev puas tsuaj rau hauv cov khoom sib txuas tsis zoo - vitamin C.
Daim ntawv teev " yeeb ncuab" kuj tseem ceeb:
- tshuaj yej dub thiab kas fes. Caffeine thiab thiamine nkag mus rau hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb rau ib leeg. Raws li kev cuam tshuam ntawm caffeine, vitamin B 1yog hloov mus rau hauv ib qho chaw uas yuav nyuaj rau lub cev zom zaub mov. Qhov no ua rau indigestion. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim thaum ib tus neeg haus cov tshuaj yej ntau ntau thiab / lossis kas fes txhua hnub.
- Thiaminase enzyme muaj nyob hauv cov nqaij nruab deg nyoos. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias noj cov ntses dej qab zib thiab cov plhaub ntses degrades thiamine hauv lub cev sai sai. Tab sis cov nqaij nruab deg thiab ntses tsis ua rau cov vitamin B deficiency 1.
- Kev quav cawv thiab haus luam yeeb cuam tshuam kev nqus ntawm thiamine.
- Ntsev kuj suav tias yog "tus yeeb ncuab" ntawm vitamin B 1. Yog li ntawd, nws yog qhov zoo dua rau ntsev cov tais diav ua ntej noj.
- Tus yeeb ncuab ntawm thiamine kuj yog nicotinic acid, vim nws sai sai ua rau nws. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kws kho mob tsis pom zoo kom noj thiamine nrog cov vitamins B6 thiab B12 tib lub sijhawm. Qhov no yog vim lawv ua nyuaj rau hloov B1 rau daim ntawv nquag.
Cov ntawv tshuaj
Vitamin B1, uas yog tsim los ntawm kev lag luam kws tshuaj, muab cais ua tshuaj. Nws yog tsim nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev xaiv:
- hauv ntsiav tshuaj;
- hauv hmoov;
- txhaj tshuaj rau vitamin B1 hauv ampoules nrog ntau qhov sib txawv ntawm lub ntsiabtivthaiv.
Thawj ob txoj kev xaiv tau noj tam sim tom qab noj mov. Yog tias muaj teeb meem nrog kev zom zaub mov lossis muaj qhov xav tau ceev ceev los tswj cov koob tshuaj tseem ceeb kom rov zoo sai sai, kev txhaj tshuaj thiamine raug muab tshuaj - intramuscularly lossis intravenously. Kev daws rau kev txhaj tshuaj tuaj yeem yuav tom khw muag tshuaj. Tus nqi ntawm thiamine nyob rau hauv ampoules ranges ntawm 25 mus rau 30 rubles rau 10 daim.
