Mob nkees, hnyav dhau, plaub hau poob thiab cov rau tes nkig yog cov tsos mob paub ntau. Lawv feem ntau tshwm sim hauv cov poj niam, tab sis qee zaum pom hauv cov txiv neej thiab. Qee zaum, cov cim no tsuas yog tsis quav ntsej. Kev qaug zog yog txuam nrog kev ua haujlwm tas li, thiab qhov hnyav nce yog cuam tshuam nrog kev noj zaub mov tsis txaus. Txawm li cas los xij, cov tsos mob no feem ntau qhia txog kev txhim kho ntawm pathology xws li hypothyroidism theem nrab. Hauv cov neeg laus, tus kab mob no tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv daim ntawv latent. Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob no tuaj yeem tsis meej pem nrog cov tsos mob ntawm lwm yam mob. Tom qab tag nrho, hypothyroidism cuam tshuam yuav luag txhua lub cev ntawm lub cev. Kev kho tus kab mob no yog tswj los ntawm tus kws kho mob endocrinologist.
Hypothyroidism: piav qhia ntawm pathology
Hypothyroidism yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev hloov pauv hormonal cuam tshuam nrog kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov thyroid caj pas lossis lub hlwb (pituitary caj pas). Tus kab mob no yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm ntau yam kev kho mob tshwm sim uas npog yuav luag txhua lub cev thiab lub cev. Txawm tias muaj kev hloov pauv hauv cov tshuaj hormones, cov thyroid caj pasnrog hypothyroidism theem nrab yog suav tias yog noj qab nyob zoo. Qhov tseeb yog tias qhov no pathology muaj lub hauv paus genesis. Nws tshwm sim nrog kev ua txhaum ntawm lub caj pas pituitary - ib qho endocrine kab mob nyob rau hauv lub hlwb. Qhov no, dhau los, ua rau cov thyroid puas tsuaj.
Secondary hypothyroidism feem ntau kuaj pom hauv cov neeg mob hluas. Nws muaj ntau dua ntawm cov poj niam cov pej xeem. Tus kab mob no yog qhov txaus ntshai tshwj xeeb rau cov menyuam yaus. Kev kuaj pom ntawm pathology yog nce qib ntawm TSH thiab txo qis hauv cov nyiaj thyroxine (T4) thiab triiodothyronine (T3). Vim muaj kev hloov pauv hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub caj pas pituitary, tej zaum yuav muaj kev cuam tshuam hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm lwm cov kab mob endocrine. Tshwj xeeb, cov qog adrenal, gonads, thiab lwm yam.
Secondary hypothyroidism: ua rau tus kab mob
Qhov ua rau ntawm pathology cuam tshuam nrog kev hloov pauv hauv cov ntaub so ntswg hauv hlwb. Lub hauv paus chiv keeb muaj thawj thiab theem nrab hypothyroidism. Yog li dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm lawv? Raws li koj paub, lub hypothalamic-pituitary system tswj tag nrho cov peripheral endocrine qog nyob rau hauv lub cev. Nws nyob hauv lub hlwb. Lub ntsiab tsim ntawm endocrine yog hypothalamus. Lub cev no nyob nruab nrab ntawm sab xis thiab sab laug hemispheres ntawm lub hlwb. Nyob rau hauv kev ua txhaum ntawm kev tso tawm ntawm cov tshuaj hormones nyob rau hauv lub department, thawj hypothyroidism tsim. Biologically active tshuaj yog tsim nyob rau hauv lub hypothalamus, uas ces nkag mus rau lub pituitary caj pas. Cov thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) yog tsim nyob rau ntawd. Lub caj pas pituitary sib txuas lus nrog cov kab mob endocrinetshwj xeeb tshaj yog nrog cov thyroid caj pas. Yog li ntawd, nrog kev nce hauv TSH secretion, kev tsim cov thyroxine thiab triiodothyronine txo.
Ua rau mob ntshav qab zib theem nrab suav nrog:
- Kab mob kis ntawm pituitary caj pas. Kev swb ntawm lub cev no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog kab mob thiab kab mob encephalitis.
- Congenital hypoplasia, lossis tsis muaj pituitary caj pas.
- Cancerous lossis benign loj hlob.
- Ischemic hlwb puas.
- Hemorrhage hauv cheeb tsam pituitary.
- raug hluav taws xob los ntawm irradiation ntawm cov qog hlwb.
- kab mob Atrophic.
Vim kev puas tsuaj rau lub caj pas pituitary, theem nrab hypothyroidism tshwm sim. Tsis txhob cuam tshuam tus mob no nrog cov thyroid kab mob. Thaum lub cev no puas lawm, tertiary hypothyroidism tshwm sim. Tsis hais txog ntawm etiology thiab qhov chaw ntawm hormonal ntshawv siab, tus kws kho mob endocrinologist tau koom nrog kev kho mob ntawm cov kab mob no.
Kev txhim kho ntawm postpartum hypothyroidism
Thaum cev xeeb tub, ntau yam kev hloov pauv tshwm sim hauv lub cev, kom ntau dua qhov lawv cuam tshuam rau cov kab mob endocrine. Qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb tias qee qhov ntawm cov tshuaj hormones secreted los ntawm placenta. Vim tias ntau dhau ntawm qee yam tshuaj lom neeg hauv lub cev, lawv cov zais hauv pituitary caj pas txo qis. Hloov pauv, qhov txo qis hauv cov tshuaj hormones ua haujlwm ua lub cim rau kev nce hauv lawv cov khoom hauv lub hlwb. Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov kev hloov pauv no, qee tus poj niam muaj kev mob ntshav qab zib theem nrab tom qab yug menyuam. Qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm nws qhov tshwm sim yog ntau dua ntawm cov neeg mob,leej twg muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob rau cov thyroid hlwb hauv lawv cov ntshav.
Kev tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm cov kab mob endocrine no ua rau ua kom lub caj pas pituitary. Cov thyroid-stimulating hormone pib tsim sai thiab ntau ntau. Ib yam mob zoo sib xws tom qab yug me nyuam yog suav tias yog ib ntus, uas yog, ncua sijhawm. Hypothyroidism tshwm sim hauv cov poj niam 4-5 lub hlis tom qab yug menyuam. Feem ntau nws tsis muaj daim duab qhia tau hais tias. Kev txo qis hauv cov thyroid hormones yog ua ntej los ntawm cov txheej txheem rov qab - thyrotoxicosis. Nws yog pom nyob rau hauv thawj lub hlis ntawm lub postpartum lub sij hawm. Thaum lub xyoo, cov keeb kwm hormonal normalizes. Yog tias qhov no tsis tshwm sim, ces tus kab mob tshwm sim ua ntej cev xeeb tub, tab sis tsis tau kuaj pom ua ntej.
Tau txais hypothyroidism: cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob hauv cov poj niam
Hypothyroidism ntawm lub hauv paus chiv keeb yog ntau dua rau cov poj niam. Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob yog nyob ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm hormonal tsis ua haujlwm. Hypothyroidism ua li cas? Cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob nyob rau hauv cov poj niam, xws li nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lwm yam pathologies, yog sib cuam tshuam. Cov cim tseem ceeb qhia tias muaj tus mob:
- kev coj khaub ncaws tsis xwm yeem.
- Zoo siab.
- Nyob ntev.
- Ntxawm rau tes thiab plaub hau.
- Nyob qhov hnyav.
- YEdematous Syndrome.
- Nyob rau cem quav.
Qee zaum, tsuas muaj qee qhov kev tshwm sim ntawm pathology, thaum lwm tus tsis hais tsawg. Qee zaum hypothyroidism yog asymptomatic. Feem ntau yog vim li cas rau kev mus ntsib kws kho mobUa rog dhau, alopecia (cov plaub hau poob) thiab hais tawm edematous syndrome.
Kev kho mob hypothyroidism pib nrog kev teem caij tshuaj hormonal. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qhov ua rau ntawm tus kab mob tau pom. Qee zaum, kev hloov pauv tsis yog kev kho mob tseem ceeb.
Cov tsos mob ntawm hypothyroidism hauv menyuam yaus
Secondary hypothyroidism hauv cov menyuam yaus yog ib yam kab mob txaus ntshai uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev puas hlwb thiab kev loj hlob ntawm lub cev qeeb. Qhov tseeb yog tias cov thyroid hormones tshwj xeeb yog xav tau thaum muaj hnub nyoog ntxov. Lawv cuam tshuam cov txheej txheem ntawm kev loj hlob thiab tsim kev txawj ntse. Tus kab mob tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm qhov txawv txav ntawm lub caj pas pituitary, nrog rau kev tsis txaus ntawm iodine hauv tus menyuam lub cev (nrog rau tertiary hypothyroidism). Txawm hais tias qhov chaw ntawm cov tshuaj hormones hloov pauv, kev hloov kho yuav tsum tau pib sai li sai tau thaum kuaj pom qhov nce ntawm TSH concentration.
Kev kuaj mob ntawm tus mob hypothyroidism theem nrab
Yuav ua li cas tshem tawm cov thyroid hypothyroidism? Kev kuaj mob ntawm pathology pib nrog kev sau cov lus tsis txaus siab thiab kuaj xyuas tus neeg mob. Cov neeg mob feem ntau qhia qhov qaug zog thiab tsaug zog tas li, qhov hnyav nce. Nco ntsoov yuav tsum tau them rau chilliness thiab tshwm sim ntawm edema. Qee zaum, hypothyroidism raug kuaj pom los ntawm lub sijhawm, xws li lub sijhawm tsis tuaj yeem tsis cuam tshuam txog kev xeeb tub.
Ntawm kev kuaj xyuas, muaj qhov txo qis hauv plawv dhia thiab hypotension. Edema tuaj yeem nyob ntawm txhua qhov ntawm lub cev, feem ntau ntawm lub ntsej muag. Palpation qhia tias lawv muajmos mucous sib xws (myxedema).
Qhov kev kuaj mob zaum kawg tuaj yeem ua tom qab kuaj sim. Cov neeg mob tau nce qib TSH thiab txo qis ntawm cov thyroid hormones. Txhawm rau txheeb xyuas lub hauv paus ntawm tus kab mob, radiography ntawm Turkish eeb, CT scan ntawm lub hlwb yog ua.
Txoj kev kho mob hypothyroidism
Secondary hypothyroidism yog ib qho qhia rau kev kho tshuaj hormone mus ntev. Kev kho mob yuav tsum tau saib xyuas los ntawm tus kws endocrinologist. Txhua 3 lub hlis, kev kuaj mob hauv chaw kuaj mob tau ua los txiav txim siab qib TSH thiab thyroxine. Stabilization ntawm cov ntsuas no lees paub qhov tseeb ntawm kev kho mob. Nrog rau qib TSH siab, cov tshuaj hormones yog nce. Raws li kev hloov kho, cov tshuaj "Eutiroks" thiab "Levothyroxine" yog siv.
Ntxiv rau, qhov ua rau ntawm pathology yuav tsum raug txheeb xyuas. Nyob rau hauv cov kab mob inflammatory, antibacterial thiab antiviral kho yog nqa tawm. Qee zaum, kev kho phais yuav tsum tau kho (rau adenoma thiab pituitary cancer).
Kev twv ua ntej thiab tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam
Nrog kev siv cov tshuaj hormonal tas li, qhov kev tshwm sim rau hypothyroidism yog qhov zoo. Kev xaiv cov tshuaj noj kom zoo yuav pab kom tsis txhob muaj cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv qhov teeb meem, koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo soj ntsuam los txiav txim siab qib TSH thiab raug soj ntsuam los ntawm tus kws kho mob endocrinologist. Koj tsis tuaj yeem hloov cov tshuaj noj lossis tshem tawm kev kho mob ntawm koj tus kheej.
