Nyob hauv zes qe menyuam, uas nyob rau hauv lub pelvic cheeb tsam, poj niam kab mob hlwb tsim thiab loj hlob, cov tshuaj hormones raug tsim. Ntau yam tsis zoo tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov kab mob xws li zes qe menyuam dysgerminoma. Cov uas raug tus kab mob no tshaj plaws yog cov poj niam hluas uas muaj hnub nyoog yug me nyuam, ib qho neoplasm kuj tshwm sim rau cov hluas thiab cov menyuam yaus.
YPathology yog dab tsi?
Ovary dysgerminoma yog ib yam kab mob tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim hauv cov poj niam hluas uas muaj lub cev xeeb tub. Feem ntau cov neoplasm yog unilateral, characterized los ntawm kev loj hlob sai. Cov qog yog puag ncig ntawm tus stalk, muaj lub kaus mom tuberous, tuaj yeem ncav cuag qhov loj me (txog 15 cm), hloov cov ntaub so ntswg zoo tag nrho.
Nyob rau hauv seem, cov neoplasm yog compact, liab hauv cov xim, muaj cov chaw ntawm softening. Tej zaum lub xub ntiag ntawm foci ntawm necrosis nrog thaj tsam ntawm kev tawg ntawm cov xim tsaus. Yog hais tias thaj tsam ntawm necrosis yog qhov tseem ceeb, cov qog ua flabby, lub capsule poob nws txoj kev ncaj ncees, dysgerminoma yuav tsaus liab.
Malignant qog,muab metastases thaum ntxov, tsis muaj kev ua haujlwm hormonal. Yog tias tus kab mob dysgerminoma ntawm sab laug zes qe menyuam raug kuaj pom, ces txoj cai ua ke hauv nruab nrog cev yog thawj zaug cuam tshuam los ntawm metastases, tom qab ntawd cov qog ntshav retroperitoneal. Yog hais tias tus kab mob loj hlob, ces tus txha nraub qaum, daim siab, thiab lub ntsws koom nrog cov txheej txheem pathological. Nyob rau theem tom qab, cov qog ntshav qab zib supraclavicular raug kev txom nyem.
Vim li cas zes qe menyuam dysgerminoma txhim kho
Qhov ua rau ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm pathology tab tom kawm. Tab sis raws li cov kws tshaj lij, tus kab mob tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm:
- kab mob caj ces;
- pathologies ntawm poj niam qhov chaw mos ntawm qhov mob;
- kev npau suav;
- lig lossis ntxov ntxov ntawm menses;
- kev ua txhaum ntawm lub voj voog txhua hli;
- kev muaj menyuam.
Yog tias muaj ntau yam tsis zoo tshwm sim ib zaug, cov hlwb tuaj yeem pib rov tsim dua tshiab, lawv cov qauv anatomical hloov pauv, lawv loj hlob zuj zus, rhuav tshem cov ntaub so ntswg noj qab haus huv.
Symptoms
Ovary dysgerminoma muaj cov tsos mob tsis tshwj xeeb, qhov no yog qhov txaus ntshai. Tsuas yog cov cim qhia tsis ncaj tuaj yeem qhia tau tias muaj cov txheej txheem pathological:
- ib tug poj niam raug kev rub, mob plab hauv plab. Thaum twist ob txhais ceg ntawm neoplasm, lawv tuaj yeem ua ntse;
- kev coj khaub ncaws tsis zoo;
- tus neeg mob yws tias tsis muaj zog;
- kub khaws cia li ntawm 37, 1-38, 0 ° C rau lub sijhawm ntev;
- tso zis tsis zoo.
Yog tus txheej txheem tau kis mus rau lwm tuslub cev, ces cov cim qhia tias lawv swb yog ntxiv. Piv txwv li, tus neeg mob yuav muaj teeb meem digestive. Tus neeg mob hnov xeev siab, qee zaum ntuav tshwm sim. Cov neeg mob feem ntau tsis qab los noj mov, lawv lub peev xwm ua haujlwm tau txo qis, tawm tsam tus poj niam tuaj yeem poob phaus sai. Nrog rau kev txhim kho ntxiv ntawm neoplasm, cov cim qhia ntawm zes qe menyuam puas tuaj yeem koom nrog. Nrog rau qhov tawg ntawm cov qog, tus neeg mob ESR nce, cov tsos mob tshwm sim uas qhia txog kev qaug rau lub cev.
Diagnosis
Ntau zaus, cov qog tau kuaj pom lawm thaum nws lub pedicle yog twisted, lub capsule yog ruptured. Tab sis txawm tias thaum lub sijhawm kuaj niaj hnub, kev kuaj mob ntawm zes qe menyuam dysgerminoma tuaj yeem ua tau.
Kev kuaj mob ua ntej kev phais yuav tso cai rau ntsuas nws qhov ntim thiab muaj peev xwm khaws cia kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev ua me nyuam. Thaum lub sij hawm kuaj gynecological, ib qho mob tsis sib thooj neoplasm yog palpated, uas yog nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam ntawm lub appendages, yog mobile thiab muaj ib tug ntom zoo nkauj. Tau pom cov qog, tus kws kho mob yuav xa koj mus kuaj ntxiv.
YUltrasound
Nqa tawm nrog kev sojntsuam hauv plab lossis transvaginal. Nyob rau hauv echogram, tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb yuav kuaj pom ib qho echo-zoo tsim uas muaj qhov tsis sib xws contours thiab cov duab tsis zoo, heterogeneous hauv cov qauv. Yog tias cov qog tau metastasized, kev puas tsuaj rau lub zes qe menyuam thib ob, muaj cov kua dej hauv qhov chaw retrouterine, qhov nce hauv cov qog ntshav hauv cheeb tsam tuaj yeem txiav txim siab.
Tumor marker analysis
Siv los txiav txim seb tus txheej txheem puas phem. Cov kev tshawb fawb no tau ua tiav hauv kev hloov pauv thaum lub sijhawm tag nrho cov kev kho mob. Yog tias qhov ntsuas tau txo qis, ces qhov kev kho mob zoo.
Kev tshawb nrhiav ntxiv thiab kev kuaj mob sib txawv
Ntxiv thiab, suav tomography, ntsws x-ray, zes qe menyuam biopsy raug pom zoo. Kev kuaj ntshav nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm pathology yuav tsis qhia kev hloov. Tom qab lees paub qhov kev kuaj mob, tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb yuav txiav txim siab txog theem ntawm tus kab mob, uas nyob ntawm qhov loj ntawm kev tsim, muaj metastases.
Tseem ua qhov kev kuaj mob sib txawv nrog uterine fibroids thiab lwm yam qog. Fibromyoma feem ntau tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv kev sib deev ncaj ncees hauv cov neeg laus lossis cov hnub nyoog nruab nrab. Thiab zes qe menyuam dysgerminoma feem ntau cuam tshuam rau cov neeg mob thaum tseem hluas thiab hluas. Fibromyoma yog tshwm sim los ntawm polymenorrhea (feem ntau coj khaub ncaws) los yog hypermenorrhea (muaj ntau lub cev ntas ntev), dysgerminoma yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm lub sij hawm scanty los yog lawv tsis tuaj. Txawm hais tias qhov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev kuaj mob sib txawv, tag nrho cov qog nqaij hlav ntawm poj niam qhov chaw mos cov kab mob raug tshem tawm.
Txoj Kev Kho Mob
Thaum kuaj pom tias "dysgerminoma ntawm lub zes qe menyuam txoj cai" lossis "dysgerminoma ntawm lub zes qe menyuam sab laug", kev kho mob tsuas yog phais xwb, tom qab siv tshuaj khomob lossis kev kho hluav taws xob tau pom zoo.
Txoj kev xaiv ntawm txoj kev phais mob yog nyob ntawm lub hnub nyoog ntawm tus neeg mob, txawm tias nws muaj menyuam, theem ntawm cov txheej txheem pathological.
Ntawm theem IA thaum tsis muaj menyuamcov neeg mob tshem tawm cov appendages ntawm ib sab, tom qab ntawd ua tib zoo saib xyuas lub neej. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm rov tshwm sim, chemotherapy yog muab. Yog hais tias ib tug poj niam twb paub lawm nws txoj kev ua me nyuam los yog nyob rau hauv menopause, lub tsev menyuam thiab zes qe menyuam raug tshem tawm.
theem thib ob yog kho los ntawm kev tshem tawm cov appendages ntawm sab cuam tshuam, ua raws li plaub lub voj voog ntawm kev siv tshuaj khomob. Cov poj niam laus raug qhia kom tau txais kev phais mob radical thiab peb chav kho mob.
Nyob rau theem thib peb, cov poj niam laus raug tshem tawm tag nrho ntawm lub tsev menyuam nrog appendages thiab tag nrho cov metastatic foci, tom qab ntawd peb cov kev kho mob tau pom zoo. Rau cov poj niam uas muaj hnub nyoog yug me nyuam, qee zaum tsuas yog ib sab ntawm cov appendages tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm, ua raws li plaub zaug kev kho mob.
Nyob rau theem plaub, plaub chav kho mob tau pom zoo rau cov neeg mob ntawm txhua pawg.
Kev kho hluav taws xob yog ua tiav tom qab kev phais radical, yog tias tus txheej txheem tau kis dhau ntawm lub plab me me. Qhov kev pab cuam hluav taws xob tau muab tso ua ke los ntawm kws kho hluav taws xob.
kev saib xyuas tom qab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov neeg mob
Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev sib kis ntawm cov txheej txheem pathological tom qab kev kho mob, kev soj ntsuam hauv tsev kho mob tau pom zoo:
- thawj xyoo tom qab kho - ib hlis ib zaug;
- xyoo thib ob - txhua 2 lub hlis;
- rau peb - ib zaug ib lub hlis twg;
- rau xyoo plaub thiab thib tsib - txhua 6 lub hlis;
- txij xyoo rau mus txog rau thaum kawg ntawm lub neej - ib xyoos ib zaug.
Kev xeem yuam kom pom zoo thaum kuaj:
- kuaj gynecological;
- PAP test;
- kuaj mob ultrasound;
- tsom xam rau cov cim qog;
- x-ray;
- Computer tomography (ib zaug ib lub hlis twg rau 2 xyoos).
Huab cua
yam tsis zoo uas cuam tshuam rau qhov kev pom zoo yog:
- hnub nyoog ntawm tus neeg mob (tus neeg mob laus dua, qhov kev pom zoo tsawg dua);
- seem ntawm neoplasm, uas tsis muaj kev nkag tau thaum phais;
- qog loj loj;
- txheej txheem ob txoj kev;
- metastases rau ntau lub cev.
Tshuaj kho mob muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev kho mob. Nrog unilateral tshem tawm cov appendages thiab chemotherapy, 80% ntawm cov neeg mob tau sau tseg tias lawv cov kev coj khaub ncaws rov qab. Muaj coob tus muaj peev xwm xeeb tub thiab yug tau ib tug noj qab nyob zoo.
Kev kho kom txaus tuaj yeem ua kom rov qab ua tiav, ntawm thawj theem, 90% ntawm cov neeg mob muaj sia nyob tau tsib xyoos.
Ovary dysgerminoma muaj qhov tsis pom zoo nrog cov kab mob ob sab, kis dhau ntawm zes qe menyuam nrog metastasis. Tsis muaj kev pom zoo ntawm cov kws kho mob tshwj xeeb hauv rooj plaub no hais txog kev muaj sia nyob ntawm tus neeg mob. Qee tus ntseeg tias kev sib xyaw ua ke yuav ua rau 80% ntawm cov neeg mob muaj sia nyob. Lwm tus taw tes rau qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov malignancy ntawm neoplasm.
Ovary dysgerminoma yog ib qho kev mob tshwm sim uas cuam tshuam rau cov poj niam hluas. Tab sistxhob poob siab. Txawm hais tias qhov kev kuaj mob ua rau poob siab, kev xaiv txoj kev kho kom zoo yuav cawm tsis tau tsuas yog lub neej, tab sis kuj muaj kev ua me nyuam. Thiab txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev txhim kho ntawm pathology, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau mus kuaj mob raws sijhawm thiab ua raws li txhua tus kws kho mob cov tshuaj.
