Cov qog nqaij hlav qog noj ntshav: cov tsos mob thiab cov tsos mob, kev kuaj mob, kev kho mob thiab kev kuaj mob

Cov txheej txheem:

Cov qog nqaij hlav qog noj ntshav: cov tsos mob thiab cov tsos mob, kev kuaj mob, kev kho mob thiab kev kuaj mob
Cov qog nqaij hlav qog noj ntshav: cov tsos mob thiab cov tsos mob, kev kuaj mob, kev kho mob thiab kev kuaj mob

Video: Cov qog nqaij hlav qog noj ntshav: cov tsos mob thiab cov tsos mob, kev kuaj mob, kev kho mob thiab kev kuaj mob

Video: Cov qog nqaij hlav qog noj ntshav: cov tsos mob thiab cov tsos mob, kev kuaj mob, kev kho mob thiab kev kuaj mob
Video: Tshuaj theem vim li cas thiaj tau nqi ?/ Siv kho mob dab tsi?/paris polyphylla use for? 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
Anonim

Cov qog nqaij hlav qog nqaij hlav tsis muaj ntau, tab sis koj yuav tsum paub txog tus kab mob no. Cov kws kho mob tseem tsis tau muaj peev xwm kho tau cov qog nqaij hlav hauv cov theem tom ntej, yog li nws tseem ceeb heev kom kuaj tau tus kab mob hauv lub sijhawm. Cov thyroid cancer tshwm sim li cas? Dab tsi yog thawj cov cim qhia ntawm tus kab mob uas tuaj yeem kuaj tau ntawm nws tus kheej? Peb yuav tham txog qhov no hauv peb tsab xov xwm.

Definition

Oncology ntawm cov thyroid caj pas, raws li tau sau tseg saum toj no, tsis tshua muaj. Cov qog malignant tsim los ntawm cov hlwb ntawm ib lub cev. Raws li kev txheeb cais, cov qog nqaij hlav qog noj ntshav tau kuaj pom hauv 1% ntawm cov neeg mob, thiab kev tuag tshwm sim, raws li txoj cai, ib nrab ntawm lawv.

Feem ntau, tus kab mob cuam tshuam rau tib neeg hnub nyoog ntawm plaub caug-tsib thiab rau caum. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog feem ntau tus kab mob no tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov neeg muaj feem xyuam rau kev tshem tawm ntawm lub txim ntawm lub Chernobyl nuclear fais fab nroj tsuag.

Tsis txhob xav tias nws tsuas yog lub hnub nyoog ntawm kev pheej hmoo uas koj yuav tsum txhawj xeeb. Qhov teeb meem yog qhov phemkev kawm cuam tshuam rau tib neeg ntawm txhua lub hnub nyoog. Txawm tias cov hluas thiab cov menyuam yaus tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv los ntawm qhov pib ntawm tus kab mob. Nws kuj tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias hauv cov neeg mob hluas cov qog loj hlob ntau dua li cov neeg muaj hnub nyoog.

Kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias mob qog nqaij hlav qog nqaij hlav ntau dua hauv cov poj niam. Lawv mob peb zaug ntau dua li cov txiv neej. Tab sis cov txiv neej yuav tsum tsis txhob txo lawv cov ceev faj, vim hais tias tshaj rau caum-tsib xyoo lawv yuav kis tau tus kab mob ntau dua poj niam.

Tus kab mob no tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam uas raug hluav taws xob raug. Kuj tseem muaj kev pheej hmoo rau cov neeg nyob hauv thaj chaw uas tsis txaus ntawm iodine hauv cov xwm txheej. Cov kws tshawb fawb tau ua pov thawj ntev tias cov qog nqaij hlav qog noj ntshav muaj ntau dua hauv cov neeg European. Cov neeg nyob hauv South America, Asia thiab Africa yeej tsis muaj teeb meem thyroid.

Cov kws kho mob xav txog cov qog nqaij hlav qog nqaij hlav uas tsis yog mob hnyav. Kev kawm yuav tsis hloov qhov loj rau ntau xyoo thiab tsis cia cov metastases. Txoj kev qeeb ntawm tus kab mob tsis muab txoj cai tsis quav ntsej tus kab mob. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb mus ntsib kws kho mob nyob rau lub sij hawm, ces kev kho mob yuav yooj yim.

Cov tsos mob ntawm cov thyroid cancer hauv cov poj niam
Cov tsos mob ntawm cov thyroid cancer hauv cov poj niam

Yog vim li cas

Oncology ntawm cov thyroid caj pas nyob rau hauv cov poj niam thiab cov txiv neej tshwm sim nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob. Tus kab mob no, zoo li lwm yam, muaj nws tus yam ntxwv. Cov kws tshawb fawb tseem tsis tau txheeb xyuas qhov tseeb, tab sis lawv tau hu ua ntau yam uas ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo kis mob:

  • Radioactive hluav taws xob. Tom qab qhov xwm txheej ntawm Chernobyl nuclear fais fab nroj tsuag, ntau qhov kev tshawb fawb tau ua tiav. Cov kws kho mobtshuaj xyuas cov neeg uas tau koom nrog tom qab, thiab pom tias cov neeg mob qog nqaij hlav qog noj ntshav tau nce kaum tsib npaug. Cov nag xob nag cua uas tshwm sim rau lawv tus kheej tom qab kev sim riam phom nuclear kuj ua rau muaj kev phom sij.
  • Hnub nyoog tshaj plaub caug xyoo. Tau kawg, cov qog nqaij hlav tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv cov menyuam yaus, tab sis nrog lub hnub nyoog, kev pheej hmoo kis mob yuav nce ntxiv.
  • xov tooj cua kho lub caj dab thiab lub taub hau. Yog tias koj tau raug kev raug mob mus ntev, ces koj yuav muaj kev phom sij. Tib neeg cov hlwb tuaj yeem pib sib faib, loj hlob, thiab hloov pauv. Vim yog cov txheej txheem, ib daim follicular lossis papillary ntawm cov qog yuav tshwm sim. Nco ntsoov tias ib qho neoplasm tuaj yeem tshwm sim txawm ntau xyoo tom qab irradiation.
  • Ua haujlwm tsis zoo. Muaj cov kws tshaj lij uas pab txhawb kev loj hlob ntawm cov qog. Piv txwv li, cov neeg kho mob ua haujlwm nrog ionizing hluav taws xob. Cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv khw kub tsuas yog muaj kev pheej hmoo zoo li cov neeg raug hlau hnyav.
  • Heredity. Nyob rau hauv cov chav kawm ntawm ntau cov kev tshawb fawb, ib tug tej yam noob tau raug txheeb xyuas uas tsis yog tsuas yog tau txais, tab sis kuj provokes kev loj hlob ntawm cov thyroid cancer. Yog hais tias nws muaj nyob rau hauv lub cev, ces qhov tshwm sim ntawm ib tug mob yog yuav luag ib puas feem pua. Yog tias pom cov noob, cov kws kho mob tau hais kom tshem cov thyroid caj pas los tiv thaiv.
  • Kev ntxhov siab ntau zaus. Thaum ib tug neeg tas li nyob rau hauv ib qho kev ntxhov siab, lub cev tsis muaj zog. Cov uas tsis pom nyob rau hauv no yog yuam kevTeeb meem. Koj yuav tsum nkag siab tias nws yog lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob uas tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kab mob qog noj ntshav.
  • Tus cwj pwm phem. Qhov no suav nrog kev quav cawv lossis haus luam yeeb. Qhov tseeb yog tias carcinogens txo lub cev lub peev xwm los tiv thaiv atypical hlwb.

Tsis tas li ntawd, qee cov kab mob kuj tuaj yeem ua rau tsim cov qog nqaij hlav malignant. Ntawm lawv:

  • Cov qog ntawm cov qog mammary (benign thiab malignant). Qhov no yog qhov tseeb tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau kev tsim cov tshuaj hormones. Nws tuaj yeem sib cav tias qhov no tau lees paub cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev tshawb fawb tias cov qog nqaij hlav qog noj ntshav ntau dua rau cov poj niam.
  • Cov kab mob ntawm cov poj niam cev xeeb tub. Cov kab mob ntawm zes qe menyuam thiab tsev menyuam (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm hormonal ntshawv siab) yog cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm tus kabmob.
  • mob qog noj ntshav thiab polyps hauv nws.
  • Multinodular goiter.
  • YMultiple endocrine neoplasia.
  • Thyroid nodules thiab benign qog.
Kev phais mob qog noj ntshav
Kev phais mob qog noj ntshav

Signs of disease

Cov tsos mob ntawm cov thyroid cancer tuaj yeem pom txawm tias tus neeg tsis cuam tshuam nrog tshuaj. Qhov no yog vim lub fact tias lub caj pas nws tus kheej zoo li npauj npaim nyob rau hauv cov qauv. Txij li thaum cov thyroid caj pas tsuas yog npog los ntawm daim tawv nqaij, nws qhov kev kuaj pom tau yooj yim pom. Tab sis txawm tias tsis muaj nws, tus neeg saib xyuas yuav pom tias nws muaj teeb meem nrog lub caj pas.

Cov tsos mob ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav qog nqaij hlav hauv cov poj niam thiab cov txiv neej yog raws li hauv qab no:

  • Qhov zoo li ntawm pob me me hauv caj dab hauv qabpuab tsaig. Nws tuaj yeem pom ntawm qhov muag liab qab yog tias koj ua tib zoo tshuaj xyuas koj tus kheej hauv daim iav. Nyob rau theem pib, cov nodule yog pliable heev thiab tsis ua rau mob. Nws tsis txav. Txawm li cas los xij, dhau sijhawm, nws qhov loj tuaj, thiab lub pob nws tus kheej ua denser. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, nws yog zoo dua mus rau thawj zaug mus ntsib kws kho mob, thiab ces pib ntshai. Nodules ntawm cov thyroid caj pas tshwm sim rau ntau yam laj thawj. Tsuas yog tsib feem pua ntawm lawv tuaj yeem loj hlob mus rau hauv cov qog. Yog hais tias koj pom ib tug nodule nyob rau hauv ib tug me nyuam, koj yuav tsum tam sim ntawd mus ntsib kws kho mob, vim hais tias mus txog rau thaum lub hnub nyoog nees nkaum xyoo yuav tsum tsis muaj tubercles thiab seals ntawm caj pas.
  • o cov qog nqaij hlav hauv caj dab. Hauv cov txiv neej thiab poj niam, cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob qog noj ntshav yog tib yam.
  • Zoo nqos.
  • mob hauv lub ncauj tsev menyuam uas tawm mus rau pob ntseg.
  • xav ib pob hauv caj pas.
  • ua pa luv thiab ua tsis taus pa.
  • hnoos tsis cuam tshuam rau khaub thuas lossis ua xua.
  • Swollen neck veins.

Mob tshwm sim tsuas yog tias cov qog tau mus txog qhov loj me thiab pib ua rau lub cev nyob sib ze. Lub suab hloov vim metastases uas tau nkag mus rau hauv lub suab qaum thiab cov hlab ntsha rov qab.

Nyob ntawm kab mob

Muaj cov tsos mob ntawm cov thyroid cancer hauv cov poj niam thiab txiv neej. Txij li thaum muaj teeb meem nrog lub cev no ua rau hormonal instability, muaj ib co nta ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm tus kab mob los ntawm poj niam txiv neej. Yog li, nyob rau hauv cov poj niam, ib tug malignant qog ntawm cov thyroid caj pas ua rau:

  • Lossqab qab.
  • HELL jumps.
  • Irregularities in menstrual cycle.
  • Hair loss.
  • mob khaub thuas.

Txiv neej tej zaum yuav ntsib:

  • Txuag erection.
  • Txhob xav deev.
  • teeb meem tsis pom kev.
  • Kev mob khaub thuas txias.

Cov thyroid caj pas yog ib yam khoom tshwj xeeb. Nrog nws cov kev pab, cov tshuaj hormones tshwm sim hauv lub cev uas tswj cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb hauv tib neeg lub cev. Daim ntawv ntawm cov thyroid cancer nyob ntawm seb cov hlwb twg los ua lub hauv paus rau kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob.

Cov kws kho mob paub qhov txawv ntawm ntau hom kab mob no:

  • papillary.
  • Follicular.
  • Medullary.
  • Anaplastic.

Cia peb saib txhua qhov nthuav dav ntxiv.

Thyroid cancer prognosis
Thyroid cancer prognosis

papillary

Tus kab mob no txawv ntawm qhov ntau ntawm cov protrusions tshwm nyob rau saum npoo ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav cancer, uas yog me ntsis reminiscent ntawm papillae. Cov tsos mob ntawm papillary yog suav tias yog qhov sib txawv heev. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias cov hlwb cuam tshuam txawv me ntsis ntawm ib txwm muaj. Daim ntawv no tshwm sim hauv yim caum feem pua ntawm cov neeg mob.

Tab sis tsis yog txhua yam phem heev, vim qhov pom ntawm cov qog yog nws qhov kev loj hlob qeeb. Nws xyaum tsis pub metastases thiab kho tau zoo. Papillary lesions muaj ntau dua rau cov poj niam dua li cov txiv neej. Tus kab mob tuaj yeem tshwm sim nws tus kheej thaum muaj hnub nyoog peb caug txog tsib caug xyoo. Tab sis tsis txhob txhawj, vim hais tias nws yog zoo kawg nkaus kho, thiab lub neej expectancy tom qab kho yuav muaj ntau tshaj nees nkaumtsib xyoos.

Follicular

Tus kab mob no txawv ntawm qhov pom ntawm cov qog. Nws zoo li ib pawg ntawm cov npuas npuas. Follicular cancer tshwm sim li ntawm 15% ntawm cov neeg mob. Nws feem ntau kuaj pom hauv cov neeg laus (feem ntau yog poj niam).

Nrog rau daim ntawv no ntawm kev cog qoob loo hauv cov hlab ntsha thiab cov ntaub so ntswg uas nyob ib sab tsis pom tsuas yog hauv ib feem peb ntawm cov neeg mob. Vim li no, cov qog hu ua minimally invasive. Hauv kwv yees li 60% ntawm cov neeg mob, cov qog nqaij hlav cancer nkag mus rau cov qog nqaij hlav, lub ntsws, thiab cov pob txha. Zoo kawg li, cov metastases no tau kho tau zoo nrog cov xov tooj cua iodine.

Cov kws kho mob muab qhov ntsuas pom zoo rau cov neeg mob uas muaj hnub nyoog qis dua tsib caug xyoo. Thaum lub hnub nyoog laus, metastases yuav tshwm sim ntau dua.

Medullary

hom qog no tsawg kawg nkaus. Nws tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv tsuas yog 8% ntawm cov neeg mob los ntawm cov hlwb parafollicular uas tsim cov tshuaj hormone calcitonin, uas yog lub luag haujlwm rau pob txha loj hlob thiab tseem tswj cov calcium thiab phosphorus qib.

Medullary yog qhov txaus ntshai tshaj txhua yam mob qog noj ntshav. Nws yog ntseeg li ntawd vim hais tias hom malignant loj hlob mus rau hauv cov leeg thiab trachea los ntawm lub capsule. Mob qog noj ntshav muaj cov tsos mob tshwj xeeb: cov neeg mob ua npaws, raws plab, thiab lawv lub ntsej muag liab.

Raws li kev txheeb cais, cov qog nqaij hlav medullary tshwm sim hauv cov neeg laus dua 40-50 xyoo. Poj niam txiv neej tsis ua lub luag haujlwm loj hauv qhov no. Nws kuj tseem pom tau tias cov neeg mob tau muaj kev cuam tshuam los ntawm tus kab mob. Txawm li cas los xij, cov qog nqaij hlav tuaj yeem kuaj pom hauv cov neeg mob uas lawv tsev neegtsis muaj neeg mob cancer.

Medullary cancer tsis tshua tshwm sim ntawm nws tus kheej. Yeej, nrog rau tus kab mob, lwm yam kab mob endocrine kuj raug kuaj pom, piv txwv li, ntau yam endocrine neoplasia. Mob qog noj ntshav Medullary tsis siv iodine kho vim tias cov hlwb tsis nqus iodine.

Kev kho mob nkaus xwb yog kev phais. Koj yuav tsum tshem tawm tsis tau tsuas yog lub caj pas nws tus kheej, tab sis kuj cov qog nqaij hlav nyob rau ntawm caj dab. Rau cov neeg mob laus dua tsib caug xyoo, cov kws kho mob tsis muab kev nplij siab.

Kev tsis taus ntawm cov thyroid cancer
Kev tsis taus ntawm cov thyroid cancer

Anaplastic

Hom mob qog noj ntshav no suav hais tias yog daim ntawv tsis tshua muaj, vim tias cov hlwb atypical tsim nyob rau hauv cov thyroid caj pas, uas tsis muaj dab tsi cuam tshuam nrog cov qub noj qab haus huv. Lawv tsis ua cov haujlwm tseem ceeb ntxiv lawm, tsuas yog ua kom nquag plias. Raws li kev txheeb cais, cov kev tsim no tshwm sim hauv tsuas yog 3% ntawm cov neeg mob.

Feem ntau, hom mob qog noj ntshav no kuaj pom hauv cov neeg muaj hnub nyoog tshaj 65 xyoo. Tus kab mob no sai heev, thiab metastases nkag mus rau hauv tag nrho cov nruab nrog cev. Kev kho mob qog nqaij hlav thyroid ntawm hom no tsis muab cov txiaj ntsig zoo. Vim li no, qhov kev cia siab rau cov neeg mob poob siab.

Diagnosis

Kev kho mob qog noj ntshav yuav tsum tau pib thaum ntxov ntawm tus kab mob. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tau txheeb xyuas lub sijhawm.

Tus kab mob no kuaj tau li cas? Txoj kev zoo tshaj plaws rau kev txiav txim siab malignancy yog ultrasound. Cov txheej txheem tsis siv sijhawm ntau thiab nyiaj txiag, yog li nws muaj rau txhua pawg ntawm pej xeem. Tam sim ntawd tom qab nws ua tseebseb puas muaj cov nodules ntawm lub cev, lawv qhov loj thiab qhov chaw nyob.

Mob qog noj ntshav hauv cov txiv neej
Mob qog noj ntshav hauv cov txiv neej

Qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem yog tias nws tsis tuaj yeem siv los txiav txim seb nws puas phem lossis tsis zoo. Txawm li cas los xij, raws li cov txiaj ntsig ntawm qhov kev tshawb fawb no, tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem hais qhia cov thyroid cancer. Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob nyob rau hauv cov poj niam thiab cov txiv neej thaum pib ntawm tus kab mob no tsis yog ib txwm qhia qhov tsos ntawm ib tug malignant neoplasm. Ib qho ultrasound pab cov kws kho mob ua qhov kev kuaj mob. Cov kws kho mob tshwj xeeb yuav xav tias muaj oncology los ntawm cov cim hauv qab no:

  • Knot has jagged or fuzzy edges.
  • Knot cuam tshuam lub yoj ultrasonic tsis zoo.
  • Cov pob caus muaj cov qauv sib txawv.
  • pob caus muaj kev ncig zoo heev.

Yuav kom nkag siab tias cov cell tsim muaj li cas, siv ib rab koob zoo aspiration biopsy. Cov txheej txheem yog ua raws li kev tswj hwm ntawm cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb. Tus kws kho mob saib ntawm qhov screen thiab ntxig ib rab koob nyias rau hauv cov qog. Txoj kev no tau txais kev txhawb nqa los ntawm nws qhov raug thiab raug mob tsawg.

Yog tias tus koob txhaj tshuaj zoo tsis qhia meej txog qhov xwm txheej, qhov kev kuaj ntshav qhib ntawm thaj chaw yuav tsum raug sau tseg. Lub ntsiab ntawm txoj kev yog qhov ua haujlwm me me, thaum tus kws kho mob txiav tawm ib qho me me ntawm kev kawm thiab xa mus rau kev tshawb fawb.

kuaj ntshav

Yuav kom paub meej qhov kev kuaj mob, tus kws kho mob muab muab rau tus neeg mob kuaj ntshav, tom qab ntawv kho mob. Cov tsos mob ntawm cov thyroid cancer yuav tsis meej txaus. Yog li ntawd, cov kws txawj tso siab rautshawb fawb tau. Lawv muab cov duab tseeb ntawm lub xeev lub cev.

Tus kws kho mob muab tshuaj kuaj ntshav venous. Sai li ib tug neeg dhau qhov biomaterial no, lub xub ntiag ntawm cov cim qog yuav raug txiav txim siab hauv chav kuaj. Lawv qib siab qhia tau hais tias ib hom mob qog nqaij hlav ntawm cov thyroid caj pas. Xav txog cov ntsiab lus dav dav seb qhov ntsuas twg raug coj mus rau hauv tus account:

  • Calcitonin. Yog tias muaj ntau cov tsos mob ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav qog nqaij hlav hauv cov poj niam thiab cov txiv neej, thiab daim duab no kuj yog overestimated, ces nws muaj peev xwm xav tias muaj cov kab mob qog noj ntshav medikullarny. Yog tias tus neeg mob twb tau kho lawm, ces qib siab qhia tau hais tias metastases nyob deb. Txawm li cas los xij, calcitonin tuaj yeem nce siab hauv cov poj niam cev xeeb tub, cov neeg uas noj cov tshuaj calcium los yog tshuaj tiv thaiv hormonal, thiab cov neeg muaj kab mob pancreatic.
  • BRAF noob. Cov qog nqaij hlav qog nqaij hlav hauv cov txiv neej thiab poj niam yog txiav txim siab siv qhov ntsuas no. Paub txog qib ntawm cov noob, nws tuaj yeem kuaj pom papillary thyroid cancer. Cov neeg noj qab haus huv tsis muaj BRAF.
  • YThyroglobulin. Nws yog secreted los ntawm cov thyroid hlwb. Yog tias qib ntawm cov tshuaj protein no siab dhau lawm, ces tus kws kho mob xav tias muaj follicular lossis papillary qog.
  • EGRF. Nrog nws cov kev pab, kev loj hlob ntawm epidermal yog txiav txim siab. Kev tsom xam yog ua tiav tom qab tshem tawm cov qog. Yog tias muaj ntau ntawm EGRF hauv cov ntshav, ces muaj qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev rov qab los.
  • Protooncogene mutations. Yog tias muaj kev hloov pauv hauv cov noob, tus neeg mob yuav muaj mob qog noj ntshav medullary. Txoj kev tshawb no yog ua tsis tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv cov neeg mob,tab sis kuj yog nws cov txheeb ze.
  • Thyroid tshuaj tiv thaiv hauv cov ntshav. Nrog rau cov protein ntau ntau, tus neeg mob tau kuaj pom tus kab mob autoimmune thyroid. Qhov no feem ntau tshwm sim nrog papillary cancer.
Mob qog noj ntshav hauv cov poj niam
Mob qog noj ntshav hauv cov poj niam

Stages

Kev kuaj mob qog noj ntshav hauv cov poj niam thiab txiv neej nyob ntawm theem ntawm tus kab mob. Metastases yog cov qog foci tshiab uas tshwm sim tom qab cov qog nqaij hlav qog noj ntshav tau nqa los ntawm cov ntshav los ntawm lub cev.

  • Thawj theem. Nyob rau theem no, cov qog muaj qhov loj ntawm tsis ntau tshaj ob centimeters thiab nyob rau hauv ib lub lobe ntawm caj pas. Metastases tseem tsis tau tshwm sim, thiab cov thyroid capsule tseem nyob hauv nws qhov qub.
  • theem thib ob. Cov qog loj zuj zus tuaj thiab deforms cov thyroid caj pas. Yog tias muaj ob peb lub neoplasms me me, ces tus mob no kuj yog theem ob. Hauv qhov no, metastases yuav tshwm sim lawm.
  • Thib peb. Nyob rau lub sijhawm no, kev tsim loj hlob mus rau hauv cov tshuaj ntsiav ntawm lub cev. Cov tsos mob ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav qog nqaij hlav tau tshwm sim ntau dua, thiab cov kev ntsuam xyuas tsuas yog lees paub qhov kev xav. Cov qog yog twb pib compress lub trachea, cov ntaub so ntswg uas nyob ib sab thiab solder nrog lawv. Metastases tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub ncauj tsev menyuam qog ntawm ob sab ntawm cov thyroid caj pas.
  • theem plaub. Cov thyroid caj pas tsis ua haujlwm, ua kom loj tuaj. Metastases twb nyob hauv ntau lub cev.

Kev kho mob

Oncology thiab thyroid nodules tsis yog tib yam. Nodes yog ib hom qauv yog tias tsis muaj ultrasound qhia ib yamlwm deviations. Malignant kev kawm yuav tsum tau kho. Feem ntau nws tshwm sim los ntawm kev phais, tab sis qhov no tsis yog tib txoj kev xaiv. Txoj kev kho mob feem ntau yog nyob ntawm lub hnub nyoog ntawm tus neeg mob thiab hom qog.

Yog tias tus neeg mob muaj daim ntawv papillary lossis follicular ntawm kev tsim, tom qab ntawd thaum ntxov ib lobe ntawm cov thyroid caj pas raug tshem tawm. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, ib tug resection ntawm lub isthmus ntawm lub caj pas yog ua. Qee zaum, nws tseem tshuav. Yog hais tias cov qog tseem loj tuaj, ces lub cev raug tshem tawm tag nrho. Nyob rau hauv cov theem kawg, ib qho extrafascial tag nrho cov thyroidectomy yog ua. Cov qog ntshav tseem raug tshem tawm.

Rau cov qog nqaij hlav, papillary, thiab tsis txawv txav, cov thyroid caj pas raug tshem tawm tag nrho.

Nyob rau hauv qhov xwm txheej siab, thaum cov qog nqaij hlav hauv lub caj dab twb raug cuam tshuam los ntawm metastases, lub ncauj tsev menyuam lymphadenectomy ua ntej. Tsis tshua muaj heev, kev ua haujlwm txuas ntxiv nrog kev txiav ntawm cov qauv thiab cov kabmob uas nyob ib sab tau ua. Txawm hais tias qhov no xav tau lossis tsis yog nyob ntawm kev kis tus kabmob.

Mob qog noj ntshav
Mob qog noj ntshav

Muaj lwm yam kev kho mob:

  • Radioiodine therapy. Tom qab kev phais mob qog noj ntshav, hom kev kho mob no tau muab tshuaj los rhuav tshem cov metastases ntxiv.
  • Kev kho hluav taws xob nyob deb. Kev lig kev cai, hom kev kho mob no yog ua ua ntej tshem tawm cov thyroid caj pas. Oncology ntawm undifferentiated thiab squamous hom tuaj yeem kho tau zoo heev.
  • Tshuaj kho mob. Nws raug sau tseg rau qhov tsis sib xws thiab medullary oncology.
  • Hormonal suppressivekev kho mob. Nws yog siv rau follicular thiab papillary thyroid cancer. Oncology ntawm cov hom no tau ua tiav nrog kev kho mob nyuaj, uas suav nrog cov qauv no.
  • Txoj kev kho mob. Ib txwm siv los kho cov qog nqaij hlav medullary thiab cov qog nqaij hlav uas tiv taus iodine kho.

Huab cua

Tom qab ua cov kev ntsuas kho mob, cov kws kho mob tsis maj nrawm los ua qhov kev kuaj mob qog noj ntshav rau cov poj niam thiab txiv neej. Cov neeg mob raug tshuaj xyuas txhua peb lub hlis thaum thawj xyoo tom qab kho. Hauv xyoo thib ob thiab thib peb, kev tshawb fawb tau ua ib zaug hauv plaub lub hlis. Rau ob xyoos tom ntej no, cov neeg mob raug tshuaj xyuas txhua rau lub hlis. Yog tias lub sijhawm no tsis muaj teeb meem, tom qab ntawd yav tom ntej, cov neeg mob yav dhau los raug kuaj ib xyoos ib zaug. Lawm, tib neeg tau sau npe rau hauv oncological dispensary.

Raws li kev kwv yees ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav qog noj ntshav, nws txhawb nqa (thaum piv nrog cov qog ntawm lwm cov kabmob). Yog tias tus neeg muaj hnub nyoog qis dua plaub caug-tsib xyoos, thiab qhov loj ntawm nws qhov kev tsim yog tsawg dua peb centimeters, ces qhov kev rov ua tiav tiav tuaj yeem xav tias muaj qhov tshwm sim ntau. Rau cov neeg laus, tej yam yuav nyuaj dua. Txawm li cas los xij, ntawm lawv muaj qhov kho tau zoo.

Kev kuaj mob feem ntau nyob ntawm theem thiab hom qog. Cov kws kho mob hais li no:

  • mob qog noj ntshav papillary yog qhov tsis zoo, yog tias kuv tuaj yeem hais li ntawd txog oncology. Ze li 100% ntawm cov neeg mob kho tau muaj sia nyob thawj tsib xyoos.
  • Follicular hom mob qog noj ntshav tau kho dua, tab sis txawm tias qhov nokwv yees li 55% ntawm cov neeg mob muaj sia nyob. Yog tias tus kab mob tau kuaj pom ntxov, ces txhua tus neeg mob muaj sia nyob.
  • Kwv yees li 30% ntawm cov neeg mob qog noj ntshav muaj sia nyob. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev kuaj pom tus kab mob nyob rau hauv thawj theem ntawm cov neeg mob rov zoo, txog 98% (cov neeg uas nyob tom qab kev kho mob rau 10 xyoo los yog ntau tshaj).
  • mob qog noj ntshav Aplastic yog qhov kev xaiv phem tshaj plaws. Tom qab kev kho mob, tsuas yog 16% ntawm cov neeg mob nyob mus txog 10 xyoo. Qhov no tshwm sim vim hais tias cov qog loj hlob sai, metastases yog nquag tsim, thiab atypical hlwb tiv thaiv kab mob iodine.

Thaum lub sijhawm kho dua tshiab dhau mus, ntau tus neeg mob yuav tsum rov qab mus ua haujlwm. Nyob ntawm seb qhov kev phais loj npaum li cas, lawv tuaj yeem muab kev tsis taus ntawm cov thyroid cancer. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, koj yuav tsum dhau mus rau pawg kws tshaj lij kho mob.

Yuav noj li cas

Ntau tus neeg xav tias tom qab ua haujlwm lawv yuav tau noj zaub mov nruj. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis muaj qhov xav tau tshwj xeeb rau qhov no. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog cov ntawv qhia zaub mov yuav tsum muaj ntau haiv neeg. Yog li kev noj haus yuav ua tau raws li tag nrho cov kev xav tau ntawm lub cev tsis muaj zog. Cov neeg uas tau muaj xws li mob hnyav, nws raug nquahu kom kawm cov ntaub ntawv hais txog cov khoom uas inhibit qhov kev loj hlob ntawm cov qog hlwb. Cov kws tshawb fawb tau ntev hais tias cov zaub thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo hauv qab no noj qab nyob zoo:

1. Tag nrho cov khoom cog uas muaj xim daj-liab. Lawv muaj cov tshuaj antioxidants uas tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj rau cov hlwb noj qab haus huv.

  • Pumpkin.
  • txiv lws suav.
  • Carrot.
  • txiv kab ntxwv.
  • Apricots.
  • Bulgarian kua txob.

2. Tag nrho cov zaub thiabxiav thiab ntshav txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Lawv muaj anthocyanins uas neutralize carcinogens.

  • Beets.
  • Blueberries.
  • Blackberry.
  • Cherry.

3. Tag nrho cov zaub uas ntsuab. Lawv nce lub cev tiv thaiv.

  • Spinach.
  • -parsley.
  • dos ntsuab.
  • Sorrel.
  • Nyob zoo ib tsoom niam txiv kwv tij neej tsas sawv daws.
  • Pas.
  • Salad.

4. Khoom noj khoom haus siab hauv ellagic acid.

  • Walnuts.
  • Raspberry.
  • Strawberries.
  • Blackberry.

5. Cov zaub uas nplua nuj nyob hauv indole-3-carbinol. Cov tshuaj no tau pom tias muaj cov khoom tiv thaiv kab mob cancer.

  • Nyob zoo ib tsoom niam txiv kwv tij neej tsas sawv daws.
  • Cabbage (Suav, zaub qhwv, Brussels sprouts, white cabbage).
  • Radishes.
  • Daikon.
  • Turnip.

6. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo, berries thiab zaub, uas yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv phytoncides.

  • Lemon.
  • Garlic.
  • Black currant.
  • Bow.
  • Fuck.

7. Cov khoom siv mis nyuj.

8. Ntsuab tshuaj yej.

Nco ntsoov suav nrog cov zaub mov no hauv koj cov zaub mov. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov ntawv qhia zaub mov yuav tsum sib npaug li qhov ua tau. Nws yuav tsum muaj carbohydrates, proteins thiab rog.

Zaj lus

Ib kab mob malignant yog ib yam kab mob loj. Txawm li cas los xij, niaj hnub txoj kev kho mob ua rau nws ua tau kom ua tiav 100% kev kho mob, thiab ua ke nrog tus cwj pwm zoo, kev kwv yees zoo tuaj yeem xav tau. Cov tsos mob ntawm cov thyroid cancer hauv cov poj niam thiab cov txiv neej tshwm sim thawj zaugtheem tsis muaj zog. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tau mus ntsib kws kho mob ntawm qhov pom me ntsis ntawm kev tsis zoo ntawm kev noj qab haus huv.

Tsis txhob poob siab yog tias koj tau kuaj pom tias muaj tus kab mob neoplasm. Cov kab mob qog noj ntshav tau kho tau zoo lawm, thiab tus kab mob no maj mam zuj zus.

Pom zoo: