Qhov tshwm sim tam sim lossis maj mam tshwm sim ntawm qhov o lossis o ntawm ib feem ntawm lub cev yuav tsum ceeb toom ib tus neeg tam sim. Tom qab tag nrho, kev loj hlob ntawm lub cev los yog lawv qhov chaw tsis yog tus qauv. Ib qho laj thawj rau kev txhawj xeeb yog qhov o ntawm caj dab, uas tuaj yeem yog cov tsos mob ntawm ntau yam pathologies. Feem ntau, qhov o ntawm ib feem ntawm lub cev no yog txuam nrog kev nce hauv cov qog ntshav los yog cov thyroid caj pas. Tsawg dua, qog ntawm caj dab muaj qhov sib txawv. Txawm hais tias yog vim li cas nws tshwm sim, nws tseem ceeb heev mus ntsib kws kho mob. Feem ntau, cov neeg mob uas muaj cov neoplasms no raug xa mus rau tus kws kho mob oncologist. Tom qab tag nrho, ib qho o ntawm lub cev tuaj yeem qhia txog kev loj hlob ntawm qog noj ntshav. Txawm li cas los xij, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob ntshai ua ntej, thawj qhov koj yuav tsum tau ua yog mus ntsib kws kho mob thiab kuaj xyuas qhov tsim nyog.
Vim li cas kuv lub caj dab o?
Teb cov lus nug: "Dab tsi yog cov tsos mob, ua rau thiab kev kho mob ntawm caj dab o?" tsuas yog tus kws tshaj lij tuaj yeem ua tau. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, tus kws kho mob yuav tsum txiav txim siab seb qhov twg yog qhov ua rau o. Thiab tseem tau txais cov ntaub ntawv hais txog keeb kwm ntawm neoplasm. Hypertrophic hloov nyob rau hauv txhua lub cev,nyob rau hauv lub anatomical cheeb tsam no, yuav provoke ib tug qog ntawm caj dab. Cov tsos mob kuj nyob ntawm seb lub hauv paus chiv keeb ntawm pathological protrusion. Feem ntau, txhawm rau txhawm rau paub tias vim li cas qhov o tshwm sim, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas histological. Nws muaj nyob rau hauv kev faib tawm ib feem ntawm cov qog thiab kuaj nws nyob rau hauv ib lub microscope. Txoj kev no yog tsim nyog los txiav txim seb lub cellular muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm kev tsim. Ua tsaug rau qhov kev tshawb fawb no, koj tuaj yeem paub seb lub hauv paus chiv keeb ntawm lub caj dab muaj dab tsi, txawm tias nws yog benign lossis malignant. Tsuas yog tom qab tau txais cov lus teb rau cov lus nug no, lawv pib kho tus kab mob.
qog nqaij hlav ntawm caj dab: ua rau tshwm sim
Vim tias muaj ntau lub cev, cov hlab ntsha thiab cov hlab ntsha hauv cheeb tsam tsev menyuam, lub hauv paus ntawm cov qog yuav txawv. Cov laj thawj hauv qab no rau qhov pom ntawm qhov protrusion yog qhov txawv:
- Cov kab mob ua paug ntawm cov kab mob ENT. Feem ntau, nrog mob los yog mob ntev pathologies ntawm caj pas, qhov ntswg thiab pob ntseg, qhov nce hauv cov qog ntshav hauv cheeb tsam tshwm sim. Qhov no tshwm sim nrog pharyngitis, laryngitis, tonsillitis, sinusitis, otitis media, thiab lwm yam. Tom qab tag nrho, lub outflow ntawm tag nrho cov kab mob no yog nqa tawm mus rau cov qog nqaij hlav ntawm lub caj dab. Tsis tas li ntawd, kho hniav pathologies tuaj yeem ua qhov ua rau lawv qhov hypertrophy.
- Benign neoplasms ntawm caj dab. Ntawm lawv, cov qog nqaij hlav ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab cov nqaij rog, cov hlab ntsha thiab cov hlab ntsha yog feem ntau. Tsis tas li ntawd, benign neoplasms tuaj yeem yog lub hauv paus chiv keeb.
- Kab mob sib kis. Cov no suav nrog mononucleosis, mob npaws,kab mob hawb pob. Tsis tas li, kev nce hauv cov qog ntshav tuaj yeem ua tau yog tias lawv cuam tshuam los ntawm cov kab mob tuberculosis.
- Kev mob ntawm lub ncauj tsev menyuam. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, muaj ib tug me ntsis o los yog o ntawm daim tawv nqaij.
- kab mob thyroid. Thaum lub luag haujlwm ntawm lub cev no tsis zoo, goiter feem ntau tshwm sim. Qee zaum, lub caj dab yog thickened rau ob sab. Qee zaum muaj cov nodular tsim ntawm cov thyroid caj pas. Tom qab ntawd muaj qhov o ntawm caj dab ntawm ib sab.
- Malignant neoplasms. Mob qog noj ntshav ntawm ib yam khoom nruab nrog cev tuaj yeem ua rau cov qog nqaij hlav loj hauv cheeb tsam tsev menyuam. Feem ntau, metastases pom muaj. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kab mob ntawm lub ncauj tsev menyuam lawv tus kheej (thyroid caj pas, larynx, trachea, pharynx, lymph nodes) tuaj yeem raug kev loj hlob malignant.
- Leukemias yog mob thiab mob oncological kab mob ntawm lub hematopoietic system.
Ntau yam ntawm ncauj tsev menyuam
Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, etiology ntawm neoplasms yog qhov dav heev. Hauv qhov no, muaj ntau hom kab mob caj dab. Lawv raug cais raws li ob peb yam. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog cov cellular muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm kev kawm. Muaj ib tug malignant thiab benign qog ntawm caj dab. Qhov ua rau thiab keeb kwm ntawm neoplasm tsis yog qhov tseem ceeb raws li qib ntawm kev sib txawv ntawm tes. Tom qab tag nrho, kev xaiv ntawm kev kho mob thiab cov kev tshwm sim rau lub neej nyob ntawm nws. Cov qog nqaij hlav caj dab muaj xws li:
- Papilloma. Lawv loj hlob los ntawm txheej saum toj kawg nkaus ntawm daim tawv nqaij.
- Lipomas yog cov txheej txheem zoo uas muaj cov ntaub so ntswg adipose.
- Fibroids. Muaj cov ntaub so ntswg fibrousntaub. Lawv tuaj yeem tsim ob qho tib si los ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm caj dab thiab ua qog nqaij hlav hauv lub cev.
- Neurofibromas.
- Lymphangiomas.
Cov qog nqaij hlav muaj xws li mob qog noj ntshav ntawm ib qho ntawm cov kabmob ntawm lub ncauj tsev menyuam. Feem ntau yog lymphomas thiab Hodgkin tus kab mob. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov qog nqaij hlav hauv lub qhov ncauj thiab cov thyroid yog tshwm sim. Kev nce hauv lub caj dab tuaj yeem pom ob qho tib si vim kev loj hlob ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav hauv nruab nrog cev, thiab vim yog metastasis rau cov qog ntshav. Feem ntau qhov kev xaiv thib ob tshwm sim.
Nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias tsis yog neoplasms nkaus xwb tuaj yeem ua rau lub caj dab o. Ntau yam o kuj muaj xws li cov kab mob inflammatory ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav. Feem ntau, lawv tshwm sim los ntawm pathologies ntawm ENT kabmob. Tsawg dua yog cov lymphadenitis hauv zos, tsis cuam tshuam nrog lwm yam kab mob.
o ntawm caj dab: cov tsos mob
Symptomatology nyob ntawm qhov ua rau thiab hom qog. Daim duab kho mob tshaj plaws yog pom nrog lymphadenitis. Hauv cov kab mob ntawm lub caj pas, cov tsos mob xws li mob ntawm ib lossis ob sab, hyperemia ntawm tonsils, cov tsos mob ntawm cov kua qaub, nqos nyuaj thiab kub taub hau. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws yog qhov tseeb ntawm cov qog ntshav qog ntshav uas yog "lub luag haujlwm" rau lub cev cuam tshuam uas nce ntxiv. Ntawm palpation, nws yog hypertrophied, tsis soldered rau cov ntaub so ntswg ib puag ncig. Muaj qhov liab liab thiab kub taub hau ntawm cov qog ntshav.
Benign neoplasms ntawm caj dab feem ntau asymptomatic. Kev kho mob nkaus xwbib qho kev kos npe yog qhov nce ntawm ib tog. Yog hais tias hypertrophy yog pronounced heev, ces cov tsos mob ntawm lub cev compression yuav tshwm sim. Qhov no tshwm sim los ntawm kev hloov hauv lub suab, nyuaj nqos, tsis xis nyob thaum qaij thiab tig lub taub hau.
Cov tsos mob ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav cancer nyob ntawm qhov chaw ntawm qhov tsom. Feem ntau nws yog dysphagia, lub suab hloov, mob thaum noj mov. Yog hais tias lub caj dab mob tshwm sim los ntawm metastasis rau cov qog nqaij hlav, ces cov tsos mob ntawm mob qog noj ntshav tau sau tseg. Cov no muaj xws li kub subfebrile, tsis qab los noj mov, tsis muaj peev xwm ua hauj lwm, deterioration.
o ntawm caj dab ntawm lymphoid keeb kwm
Cov qog caj dab feem ntau yog los ntawm lymphoid keeb kwm. Xws li kev tsim tuaj yeem tshwm sim ob qho tib si hauv cov kab mob inflammatory thiab hauv oncological pathologies. Nyob rau hauv ib qho ntawm cov xwm txheej no, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau mus kuaj xyuas. Tom qab tag nrho, qhov nce hauv cov qog ntshav tuaj yeem qhia txog ntau yam pathologies, txhua tus yuav tsum tau ua tshwj xeeb rau kev kho mob. Nrog rau ntau yam protrusions, Hodgkin's kab mob, mob qog noj ntshav caj dab, tuaj yeem raug xav tias. Cov qog ntawm caj dab yuav nyob ntawm ob sab thiab ntau qhov chaw ib zaug. Nrog rau kev kho raws sijhawm, tus kab mob no muaj qhov pom zoo.
hlav ntawm caj dab nrog cov thyroid kev koom tes
Yog tias tus neeg mob raug mob los ntawm cov thyroid kab mob rau lub sijhawm ntev thiab tib lub sijhawm sau tseg qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov nodular tsim, nws tseem ceeb heev los sab laj nrogkws kho mob. Ib qho protrusion ntawm ib sab tes feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog kev loj hlob ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm lub cev. Txawm li cas los xij, nodular goiter tuaj yeem ua rau mob qog noj ntshav. Yog li, qhov kev kuaj mob histological hauv qhov no yog qhov tsim nyog.
Kuv yuav kuaj mob caj dab li cas?
o lossis o hauv caj dab yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas los ntawm tus kws tshaj lij. Tsuas yog nws tuaj yeem txiav txim siab seb lub cev twg raug cuam tshuam. Nrog o ntawm lymph nodes, kev kuaj mob tsuas yog txwv rau palpation. Yog hais tias tus kws kho mob xav tias muaj ib tug neoplasm, yuav tsum tau kuaj ntsuas. Nws suav nrog ultrasound ntawm cov thyroid caj pas, lymph node los yog lwm yam kabmob, qog nqaij hlav. Qee zaum, kev kuaj ntshav biopsy thiab kuaj histological tau qhia.
Differential diagnosis
Nws muaj peev xwm paub qhov txawv cov txheej txheem inflammatory los ntawm cov kab mob oncological ua tsaug rau palpation ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav, nrog rau cov tsos mob thiab ntsuas ntsuas. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov thyroid pathology, ntxiv rau lub caj dab qog, xws li kev kho mob tshwm sim xws li tawm hws, exophthalmos, tachycardia, thiab irritability yuav raug soj ntsuam. Cov qog nqaij hlav zoo yog kuaj los ntawm ultrasound thiab biopsy.
Kev kho mob
Cervical tumor kho nyob ntawm qhov ua rau. Hauv inflammatory pathologies ntawm caj pas, tshuaj tua kab mob yog muab tshuaj (tshuaj "Amoxicillin", "Tsiprolet"), yaug nrog saline, chamomile decoction. Yog tias cov qog yog tshwm sim los ntawm cov txheej txheem oncological, kev kho mob ua ke yog tsim nyog. Feem ntau, lawv mus rau kev phais, kws khomob.
