Kev txav ntawm cov ntshav los ntawm cov hlab ntsha yog cov txheej txheem physiological nyuaj uas muab khoom noj khoom haus rau txhua lub cev thiab pab ua kom lub cev tsis tu ncua ntawm ib puag ncig sab hauv. Lub nkoj tau muab faib los ntawm lawv qhov loj me rau hauv kev txiav txim: los ntawm thawj qhov kev txiav txim (qhov loj tshaj) mus rau qhov thib ob, thib peb, thiab xaus nrog capillaries. Lub network ntawm yav tas los permeates tag nrho cov nruab nrog cev thiab daim tawv nqaij, uas muaj nyob rau hauv ntau qhov ntau.
Pathological vascular teeb meem
Ib puag ncig thiab sab hauv muaj feem cuam tshuam rau kev txav ntawm cov ntshav ntws, uas tuaj yeem pom nws tus kheej li kev cuam tshuam vascular patency vim kev sib sau ua ke ntawm cov khoom tsim. Ib qho ntawm cov txheej txheem no yog stasis. Qhov no yog ib qho mob uas patency ntawm microvasculature cuam tshuam los yog qeeb qeeb.
Nrog kev tshwm sim ntawm stasis, capillaries thiab venules dilate nrog tsim ntawm homogeneous kab ntawm erythrocytes, tab sis hemolysis thiab ntshav txhaws tsis tau pom.
Staz yog txheej txheem thim rov qab, nrog rau kev hloov pauv dystrophic hauv kev noj zaub mov ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg thiab kabmob. Kev cuam tshuam ntev thiab tsis tu ncua ntawm kev muab cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo thiab ua raunecrosis.
Cov xwm txheej rau qhov tshwm sim thiab chav kawm ntawm stasis
Cov txheej txheem ntawm stasis yog ua kom cov proaggregants, cations thiab siab molecular hnyav proteins. Proaggregants ua rau gluing, txuas mus rau phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha thiab kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov ntsiab lus zoo ib yam nrog rau tag nrho cov kev hloov nyob rau hauv lawv. Cov khoom no suav nrog catecholamines, thromboxane A2.
Cations tso tawm los ntawm cov ntshav, cov hlab ntsha thiab cov ntaub so ntswg yog absorbed los ntawm intracellular daim nyias nyias ntawm cov tsim, thiab lawv tshaj ntawm nws neutralizes lawv tsis zoo nqi. Cov cations ntawm cov hlwb no feem ntau yog sawv cev los ntawm K+, Na+, Ca+, Mg 2+.
Cov protein ntau molecular hnyav ua ke nrog cov ions tsis zoo ntawm daim nyias nyias los ntawm cov amino pawg thiab ua rau lawv cov nqi zoo, tsim kom muaj kev sib txuas ntawm cov khoom tsim rau phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha thiab ua ke. Proteins uas potentiate tsim cov ntsiab lus yog gamma globulins thiab fibrinogen.
Type of stasis
Muaj ntau hom stasis nyob ntawm qhov system uas nws tshwm sim. Tab sis nyob rau hauv cov ntshav, cov txheej txheem pathological yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev ua txhaum ntawm cov hlab ntsha thiab cov ntshav venous.
Qhov txawv ntawm thawj, ischemic thiab congestive stasis.
- Primary stasis yog qhov ua kom cov ntshav tawm los ntawm cov qe ntshav thiab ua rau lub cev tsis muaj zog hauv lumen ntawm cov hlab ntsha los ntawm lawv, uas ua rau hypoxic tshaib plab ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg lossis ib feem ntawm lub cev.
- Ischemic stasis yog qhov ua txhaum ntawm kev tawm lossis nkag ntawm cov hlab ntshav vim kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov khoom tsim thiabmicrovessel obstruction.
- Congestive stasis lossis venous stasis tshwm sim thaum cov khoom rheological ntawm cov ntshav cuam tshuam thiab pab txo qis cov ntshav tawm ntawm cov hlab ntsha los ntawm kaw lub lumen ntawm cov hlab ntsha.
Sab nraud ua rau stasis
Ntawm cov laj thawj sab nraud yog cov hauv qab no:
- Stasis yog tsim los ntawm plethora, uas nce vascular permeability thiab ua rau sib sau ua ke thiab gluing ntawm cov khoom zoo li qub.
- Intoxication nrog tshuaj tshuaj los yog endotoxins ntawm cov kab mob provokes tso tawm active tshuaj.
- raug rau lub cev xws li txias, kub thiab suab nrov.
ntshav txhaws lossis hemostasis
Hemostasis yog txheej txheem physiological uas tso tseg los ntshav hauv kev ua txhaum ntawm kev ncaj ncees ntawm lub nkoj hauv cheeb tsam. Nws lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog tswj xyuas qhov tsis tu ncua ntawm ib puag ncig sab hauv ntawm lub cev. Raws li cov kev mob thiab cov txheej txheem, nws yog ib tug complex lom system, nyob rau hauv uas niaj hnub ntsiab, vascular phab ntsa, humoral mechanisms, plasma thiab cov ntaub so ntswg mechanisms ntawm cov ntshav coagulation system koom nrog. Kev ua txhaum ntawm cov khoom ntawm hemostasis ua rau cov ntshav txhaws tsis zoo.
Cia peb xav txog ib qho piv txwv me me. Kev ua txhaum ntawm kev ncaj ncees ntawm daim tawv nqaij ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov hlab ntsha thiab cov tsos ntawm los ntshav. Qhov no ua rau cov ntshav stasis nyob rau hauv lub qhov txhab vim yog tsim ntawm fibrin strands. Hauv qhov no, cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm hemostasis tau koom nrog.
Kev sib tsoocov ntshav qis qis rau ntau qhov laj thawj, uas tej zaum yuav yog vim tau txais los yog keeb kwm yav dhau los. Nyob rau hauv thawj rooj plaub, cov ua rau impaired hemostasis yog lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob nyob rau hauv lub cuam tshuam ntawm cov kab mob thiab tshuaj, uas ua rau ib tug hloov nyob rau hauv lub antigenic qauv ntawm platelets. Tsis tas li ntawd, raug ionizing hluav taws xob, kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov pob txha pob txha thiab kev kho mob ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav ua rau kev loj hlob ntawm thrombocytopenia. Nce permeability ntawm phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha, cuam tshuam ntawm collagen synthesis ua rau kom los ntshav.
Ib qho piv txwv ntawm cov kab mob ntawm cov kab mob hemophilia, uas kis tau los ntawm cov txiv neej kab, thiab txhawm rau them nyiaj rau nws, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ntxiv cov khoom tiv thaiv uas ploj lawm hauv lub cev nrog kev pab ntawm cov tshuaj.
