Mob qog noj ntshav Nasopharyngeal: cov tsos mob, ua rau, tiv thaiv, kuaj mob thiab kho cov yam ntxwv

Cov txheej txheem:

Mob qog noj ntshav Nasopharyngeal: cov tsos mob, ua rau, tiv thaiv, kuaj mob thiab kho cov yam ntxwv
Mob qog noj ntshav Nasopharyngeal: cov tsos mob, ua rau, tiv thaiv, kuaj mob thiab kho cov yam ntxwv

Video: Mob qog noj ntshav Nasopharyngeal: cov tsos mob, ua rau, tiv thaiv, kuaj mob thiab kho cov yam ntxwv

Video: Mob qog noj ntshav Nasopharyngeal: cov tsos mob, ua rau, tiv thaiv, kuaj mob thiab kho cov yam ntxwv
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Anonim

mob qog noj ntshav Nasopharyngeal, cov tsos mob uas txawv ntawm lwm hom mob qog noj ntshav, feem ntau kuaj pom hauv cov txiv neej hnub nyoog 45 xyoos. Tab sis leej twg tuaj yeem muaj kev pheej hmoo. Cov tsos mob ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav ntawm lub larynx, oropharynx, nasopharynx, qhov ntswg zoo ib yam. Qhov tsis xis nyob uas tus kab mob no ua rau tus neeg mob tig mus rau tus kws kho mob uas tau sau ntawv kom tiav. Kev kho mob yuav nyob ntawm qhov hnyav thiab qhov loj ntawm tus mob qog noj ntshav.

Cov tsos mob ntawm nasopharyngeal cancer
Cov tsos mob ntawm nasopharyngeal cancer

Tus yam ntxwv ntawm tus kab mob

Ib lub qog tsim hauv nasopharynx tuaj yeem yog ob hom:

  • zoo;
  • malignant.

Nyob zoo suav nrog:

  • angiofibroma;
  • hmoob.

Kev loj hlob zoo yog qhov tsawg, feem ntau kuaj pom hauv cov menyuam yaus (tej zaum yuav yog los ntawm yug). Tab sis tus qog malignant ntawm nasopharynx yog ib qho teeb meem ntawm cov neeg laus, feem ntaucas - men.

Yog vim li cas

Tus kab mob tseem ceeb:

  1. Kev haus luam yeeb. Cov neeg no kuj suav nrog cov neeg uas tsuas nyob ze tus neeg haus luam yeeb (kev haus luam yeeb tsis txaus). Cov hlwb ntawm lub qhov ntswg mucosa yog khaus los ntawm cov pa luam yeeb, yog tias koj tsuas nqus tau nws, tab sis tsis txhob haus luam yeeb nws tus kheej. Tab sis cov neeg haus luam yeeb feem ntau yuav mob qog noj ntshav.
  2. Nquag siv cov khoom noj uas siv tshuaj tua kab, ntau yam seasonings. Carcinogens suav hais tias yog teeb meem heev.
  3. Dentures. Qhov tseeb ntawm kev hnav prostheses tsis tau txhais hais tias qhov no yog kev lees paub ntawm mob qog noj ntshav nasopharyngeal. Yog hais tias ib tug neeg tau xaiv ib tug prosthesis tsis raug, nws tsis haum nws zoo, uas yog, muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim cov qog. Thaum tus neeg no tseem haus luam yeeb, cov khoom siv los ntawm nws cov prosthesis yog absorbs haus luam yeeb. Qhov no dhau los ua ib qho kev pheej hmoo ntxiv.
  4. Kev quav cawv. Cawv tuaj yeem ua rau khaus khaus ntawm lub pharynx, uas ua rau kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob. Feem ntau qhov no ua rau mob qog noj ntshav nasopharyngeal? Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob hauv 75% ntawm tag nrho cov neeg mob tshwm sim hauv cov neeg uas nyiam haus cawv.
  5. Papillomavirus. Yog tias tib neeg lub cev muaj tus kab mob no, ces qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob qog noj ntshav ntawm nasopharynx yog siab.
  6. Leukoplakia. Qhov no yog ib yam kab mob uas suav tias yog tus mob precancerous. Nws manifests nws tus kheej li cov pob dawb ntawm cov mucous ntawm nasopharynx.
Kev kho mob qog noj ntshav nasopharyngeal cov tsos mob
Kev kho mob qog noj ntshav nasopharyngeal cov tsos mob

Risk Factor

Muaj ib pab neeg uas muaj feem ntau yuav mob qog noj ntshav:

  • 40-50 xyoo txiv neej;
  • kis tus kab mob Epstein-Barr;
  • Cov neeg mob HIV thiab mononucleosis;
  • tau txais hluav taws xob ionizing;
  • nrog tus mob autoimmune.

Signs

mob qog noj ntshav nasopharyngeal tshwm sim li cas? Cov tsos mob ntawm cov qog no tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov theem thaum ntxov. Qhov laj thawj yog vim li cas nasopharynx raug txwv los ntawm cov pob txha, thiab qhov no ua rau kev nyem ntawm cov qog, uas nyuam qhuav pib tsim.

Mob qog noj ntshav nasopharyngeal cov tsos mob kho thiab tiv thaiv
Mob qog noj ntshav nasopharyngeal cov tsos mob kho thiab tiv thaiv

Cov tsos mob ntawm mob qog noj ntshav ntawm lub qhov ntswg thiab nasopharynx zoo ib yam:

  • mob qhov ntswg tas mus li (zoo ib yam li cov kab mob ua xua lossis mob khaub thuas, tab sis tsis muaj lwm yam tsos mob ntxiv lawm);
  • purulent paug tshwm los ntawm qhov ntswg, qee zaum nrog cov ntshav impurities.

mob qog noj ntshav ntawm nasopharynx thiab pharynx - cov tsos mob uas qhia tau hais tias ib qho thiab lwm yam kab mob:

  • mob thaum noj, thiab txawm tias nqos qaub ncaug;
  • paroxysmal hnoos;
  • suab nrov;
  • kev tsis xis nyob hauv lub qhov ncauj;
  • hloov lub suab ntawm lub suab.

Lwm cov cim:

  • hnov tsis hnov;
  • teeb meem hais lus;
  • kev pom ob lub sijhawm;
  • mob taub hau.

Nyob rau theem siab, lub cev hnyav pib txo qis thiab cov qog nqaij hlav hauv tsev menyuam nce.

Tag nrho cov cim saum toj no tuaj yeem hais txog lwm yam kab mob. Yog li ntawd, tsuas yog ib tus kws kho mob uas tsim nyog tom qab kuaj tag nrho thiaj li tuaj yeem kuaj xyuas qhov tseeb.

tseem ceeb

Ib tug neeg yuav nws tus kheej xav tias mob qog noj ntshav nasopharyngeal. Cov tsos mob sib xyaw ua ke hauv ib txoj kev coj txawv txawv: tawm ntawm qhov ntswg ib txhij tshwm sim nrog hoarseness, impaired hais lus.

Diagnosis

Kev kuaj mob pib thaum tus neeg mob muaj cov tsos mob tshwm sim. Ib qho ntawm cov tsos mob tseem ceeb yog qhov nce hauv cov qog nqaij hlav hauv tsev menyuam. Qee lub sij hawm cov tsos mob no tsuas yog ib qho hauv nasopharyngeal cancer.

Cov tsos mob ntawm nasopharyngeal kev kuaj mob thiab kev kho mob
Cov tsos mob ntawm nasopharyngeal kev kuaj mob thiab kev kho mob

Tus kws kho mob ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov saib xyuas:

  • cov cim qhia los ntawm tus neeg mob;
  • tawv loog;
  • state of lymph nodes.

Vim qhov chaw sib sib zog nqus ntawm nasopharynx, nws tsis tuaj yeem kuaj pom qhov tsis muaj cov cuab yeej pabcuam. Muaj cov xwm txheej thaum cov qog nyob rau hauv cov mucous membrane, uas yuav tsum tau mus rau biopsy.

Kev tshuaj xyuas cov txheej txheem los siv los txiav txim qhov tseeb:

  1. X-ray ntawm lub ntsws. Qhov kev ntsuam xyuas no yog qhov tsim nyog txhawm rau txiav tawm lub ntsws metastases.
  2. CT thiab MRI. Tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem kuaj cov qog kom meej hauv ntu.
  3. Biopsy. Nrog kev pab los ntawm kev sib tsoo, cov ntaub so ntswg raug coj mus kuaj.
  4. kuaj ntshav. Pab txiav txim seb puas muaj cov kab mob sib kis hauv lub cev.

Nasopharyngeal cancer is very insidious. Cov tsos mob, kev kuaj mob thiab kev kho mob yog nyob ntawm theem ntawm tus kab mob. Tus kws kho mob, ua ntej pib kho, txiav txim siab txog theem no. Qhov loj ntawm qhov tsim thiab nws qhov dav dav thoob plaws hauv lub cev tau muab rau hauv tus account.

Kev kho mob

Kev kho mobxaiv tus kheej, nyob ntawm theem ntawm tus kab mob. Lub hnub nyoog ntawm tus neeg mob, nws lub xeev ntawm kev noj qab haus huv kuj raug coj mus rau hauv tus account. Txoj hau kev tseem ceeb:

  • xov tooj cua;
  • chemotherapy;
  • kev ua haujlwm.

Kev kho hluav taws xob

Txoj kev kho no yog suav tias yog lub ntsiab. Thaum pib, tsuas yog siv hluav taws xob kho mob, thiab tom qab theem nws tau ua ke nrog lwm txoj kev kho mob, tshwj xeeb nrog kev kho mob. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev raug yog irradiation ntawm cov qog thiab cov ntaub so ntswg nyob ze.

Radiotherapy cuam tshuam rau cov qog nqaij hlav cancer thiab ua rau lawv txoj kev loj hlob qeeb. Thaum irradiation tau ua tiav, yav tom ntej tus neeg mob tau pom cov txheej txheem ntxiv rau lub hom phiaj ntawm kev tiv thaiv. Tom qab tag nrho, qee zaum cov kab mob metastases tseem nyob hauv cov qog ntshav. Lawv tsis tuaj yeem pom vim lawv me dhau.

Cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob cancer ntawm lub larynx oropharynx nasopharynx qhov ntswg
Cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob cancer ntawm lub larynx oropharynx nasopharynx qhov ntswg

Qhov tsis zoo ntawm txoj kev kho mob no yog tias nws cuam tshuam tsis yog cov hlwb tsis zoo xwb, tab sis kuj yog kev noj qab haus huv ntawm tib neeg. Kev kho hluav taws xob yog siv ua ntej thiab tom qab kev phais.

Tshuaj khomob

Nrog kev pab ntawm txoj kev kho no, cov qog hlwb raug tshem tawm thiab rhuav tshem. Tus kws kho mob sau tshuaj cytotoxic uas ua lawv txoj haujlwm los ntawm sab hauv.

Tshuaj kho mob ua ke nrog lwm yam kev kho mob. Tab sis, raws li txoj cai, nws tau sau tseg ua ntej kev kho hluav taws xob thiab tom qab kev phais. Lub hom phiaj yog txhawm rau rhuav tshem cov qog hlwb hauv tag nrho cov ntaub so ntswg.

Kev ua haujlwm

Kev phais kom tshem tawm:

  • tumor remnants;
  • nce ntxivlymph nodes.

Yog cov qog tsis tau kis mus rau lwm lub cev, ces kev phais yuav tsum tsis txhob ua rau muaj teeb meem thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm. Yog hais tias metastases tau pom nyob rau hauv lwm yam kabmob, ces tus kws phais excised ib feem ntawm lub cev puas lawm.

mob qog noj ntshav ntawm nasopharynx thiab pharynx cov tsos mob
mob qog noj ntshav ntawm nasopharynx thiab pharynx cov tsos mob

Survivability

Raws li kev txheeb cais qhia, mob qog noj ntshav nasopharyngeal, cov tsos mob, kev kho mob uas nyob ntawm theem, feem ntau tua ib tus neeg. Yog tias tus kab mob no tau kuaj pom thaum ntxov, ces txoj hauv kev muaj sia nyob yog 70% yog tias tus neeg mob lub hnub nyoog tsis tshaj 45 xyoo. Cov neeg laus hnub nyoog 60-70 feem ntau yuav muaj sia nyob nrog kev kuaj mob - 35%. Cov qog nyob rau hauv nasopharynx yog feem ntau tsim dua nyob rau hauv oropharynx.

Peb yuav tsum tsis txhob pom qhov tseeb tias nyob rau xyoo tas los no kev kuaj mob tau ua tsawg dua. Ntau tus neeg tso kev haus luam yeeb, uas yog ib qho ua rau mob qog noj ntshav.

Kev Tiv Thaiv

Kev noj qab haus huv txoj kev ua neej yog kev ntsuas tseem ceeb los tiv thaiv mob qog noj ntshav nasopharyngeal. Ib tug neeg yuav tsum tsis txhob haus luam yeeb, tsis txhob haus cawv. Yog tias koj yuav tsum ua haujlwm hauv lub Hoobkas uas siv ntau yam tshuaj phem, ces koj yuav tsum hnav lub tshuab ua pa kom tsis txhob muaj tshuaj lom neeg nkag mus rau hauv txoj hlab pa.

Txhua tus yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas tas li. Yog tias koj ua raws li txoj cai no, koj tuaj yeem txiav txim siab tus kab mob nyob rau theem pib, uas tuaj yeem kho tau.

Cov tsos mob ntawm mob qog noj ntshav ntawm lub qhov ntswg thiab nasopharynx
Cov tsos mob ntawm mob qog noj ntshav ntawm lub qhov ntswg thiab nasopharynx

mob qog noj ntshav nasopharyngeal suav tias yog qhov txaus ntshai heev. Cov tsos mob, kev kho mob thiabkev tiv thaiv yog cov ntaub ntawv uas txhua tus neeg yuav tsum paub txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob, thiab yog tias thawj cov tsos mob tshwm sim, sab laj nrog kws kho mob hauv lub sijhawm. Yog tias mob qog noj ntshav nyob rau theem pib, tom qab ntawd nrog kev tshuaj xyuas tag nrho thiab kev kho mob tag nrho hauv lub chaw kho mob tsim nyog, muaj txoj hauv kev zoo kom tshem tau cov qog mus ib txhis.

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