Nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm, xav txog qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj DTP.
Nws yog ua los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob pertussis-diphtheria-tetanus rau tus neeg mob, uas muaj cov kab mob pertussis tuag thiab kab mob tetanus thiab diphtheria toxoids, uas yog sorbed ntawm aluminium hydroxide gel.
Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias toxoids yog cov tshuaj uas tau los ntawm co toxins, thaum lawv tsis muaj meej meej manifested tshuaj lom.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv DTP hauv Lavxias yog qhov txaus siab rau ntau tus.
Cov tshuaj no pab lub cev tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau cov tshuaj lom ntawm hom qub. Toxoids tau txais los ntawm kev khaws cov co toxins rau lub sijhawm ntev hauv cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab sov so formalin.
Muaj ntau yam: adsorbed tetanus kua DPT; "Tsev"; "Pentax"; "Infanrix"; Khob Khob.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv DTP yog kwv yees li qub rau txhua yam.
DTP kho tau dab tsi?
Lub hom phiaj ntawm qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv DPT yog dab tsi? Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no suav nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv peb tus kab mob txaus ntshai: tetanus, diphtheria thiab hnoos hawb pob. Yog li ntawd, nws abbreviationsawv cev rau: adsorbed pertussis-diphtheria-tetanus vaccine.
Cov ntsiab lus ntawm DTP tau piav qhia hauv cov lus qhia.
hnoos hawb pob yog kis tau sai, txaus ntshai rau menyuam yaus. Nws nyuaj heev rau kev pub niam mis. Nws yog tus yam ntxwv los ntawm cov teeb meem nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov kab mob ntawm lub pa system, nrog pulmonary o, convulsions thiab hnoos heev. Kev hnoos hawb pob yog ib qho ua rau muaj kev tuag ntawm cov menyuam yaus hauv thawj ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th.
kab mob hawb pob. Ib tug kab mob ntawm ib tug kab mob uas provokes ib tug loj inflammatory txheej txheem ntawm lub Upper pa ib ntsuj av tau. Films thiab fibrinous effusions tsim nyob rau hauv lub trachea thiab larynx, uas yuav ua rau suffocation thiab tuag.
Tetanus yog kab mob hauv av, tus neeg mob kis tau thaum cov kab mob nkag mus rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Manifested los ntawm ib tug tsis xws luag nyob rau hauv cov leeg innervation thiab convulsions. Muaj feem yuav tuag yam tsis muaj kev kho tshwj xeeb.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thawj zaug tau muab rau cov neeg mob hluas hauv xyoo 1940s. Tam sim no, ntau yam khoom raug tso cai siv hauv Russia.
Cov lus qhia thiab kev sib xyaw ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv DTP yuav raug tham hauv qab no. Ua ntej, cia peb txheeb xyuas cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov tshuaj hauv tsev.
tshuaj hauv tsev
Nws yog tsim los ntawm Lavxias teb sab chaw tsim tshuaj FSUE NPO Microgen.
DTP tshuaj tiv thaiv (ib 1 ml) muaj:
- 20 billion microbial pertussis cells.
- 30 flocculating units ntawm diphtheria toxoid.
- 10 tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tetanus toxoid.
Dab tsi yog sivraws li ib tug preservative? Raws li kev khaws cia hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv DTP hauv tsev, thiomersal (merthiolate), uas yog ib qho organometallic compound ntawm mercury, yog siv. Nws yog siv los tiv thaiv fungus raws li ib tug antiseptic, thiab tseem ntxiv rau ophthalmic npaj, tshuaj tsuag qhov ntswg, xab npum, thiab lwm yam Merthiolate yog tshuaj lom, nws yog ib tug carcinogen, teratogen, mutagen thiab allergen. Cov tshuaj yog qhov txaus ntshai tshwj xeeb yog tias nws nkag mus rau hauv lub cev nrog kev nqus pa, los ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab nrog zaub mov. 66mg / kg txhaj rau hauv qab daim tawv nqaij yuav ua rau tuag taus rau menyuam yaus.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv DTP hauv tebchaws Russia tsis tau hloov pauv ntau xyoo. Ib koob tshuaj tiv thaiv (0.5 ml tus qauv) muaj 0.05 mg merthiolate. Ib nrab-lub neej tom qab txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv rau cov menyuam mos yog los ntawm peb hnub mus rau ib lub lis piam. Thaum ib lub hlis dhau mus, qib ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm mercury tebchaw hauv lub cev txo qis mus rau qhov qub. Ntau tus xav tsis thoob tias muaj mercury nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv DTP.
Hauv Asmeskas, European Union thiab ntau lub tebchaws, Thiomersal raug txwv tsis pub ua ib feem ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau menyuam yaus. Txawm hais tias, raws li cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev tshawb fawb, nws tau txiav txim siab tias qhov tsis lees txais cov nyiaj uas suav nrog merthiolate tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm autism. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws tau sib cav tias muaj kev sib raug zoo ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm tus kab mob no thiab kev qhia txog cov tshuaj mercury rau cov menyuam yaus hauv daim ntawv txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv.
WHO pom zoo txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv DTP, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv muaj cov kab mob tsis zoo thiab tuag.
Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsuas yog muab txog 3 xyoos 11 hlis 29 hnub. sivtom qab plaub xyoos thiab mus txog tsib xyoos 11 lub hlis 29 hnub "ADS-anatoxin". Cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog tshaj 6 xyoos raug txhaj tshuaj ADS-m-anatoxin.
Muaj lwm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv DTP hauv tsev. Lub tuam txhab Lavxias teb sab "Combiotech" tau tsim thiab tsim cov tshuaj "Bubo-Kok", ib koob tshuaj tiv thaiv uas muaj:
- 10 billion pertussis kab mob Bordetella pertussis tua los ntawm formalin.
- 5 EU tetanus toxoid.
- 15 PhU ntawm kab mob diphtheria toxoid.
- 5 µg ntawm kab mob siab B loj nto antigen HBS protein.
- Methiolate 0.01% yog siv los ua cov khoom khaws cia.
Cov khoom xyaw ntawm DTP hauv tsev yog qhov tshwj xeeb. Tom ntej no, nrhiav seb cov tshuaj twg tuaj yeem muaj.
Belgian tshuaj tiv thaiv
INFANRIX™ (Infanrix los ntawm GlaxoSmithKline J07A X) 0.5 ml (ib koob tshuaj) DTP tshuaj tiv thaiv muaj:
- tsawg kawg 40 MIU ntawm Clostridium tetani tetanus toxoid;
- yam tsawg kawg 30 MIE diphtheria toxoid los ntawm Corynebacterium diphteriae;
- pertussis purified antigens;
- 25mcg Pertussis Toxin Detoxified los ntawm Bordetella pertussis;
- 25 mcg filamentous haemagglutinin;
- 8 mcg txheej membrane protein pertactin.
Toxoids purified thiab inactivated.
Lwm cov khoom xyaw hauv DTP:
- txhuas phosphate thiab hydroxide - thawj qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom tsis muaj zog hydrochloric acid, qhov thib ob txhim kho lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob;
- ethylene glycol monophenyl ether - 2-phenoxyethanol nyob rau hauv ntau qhov cuam tshuam rau hauv nruab nrab lub paj hlwbsystem;
- formaldehyde yog ib qho tshuaj tua kab mob rau tsiaj, tejzaum nws kuj rau tib neeg;
- rooj ntsev sodium chloride;
- qis toxicity emulsifier polysorbate 80;
- yuav tsum haus dej.
INFANRIX™ IPV ("Infanrix IPV") ntxiv nrog rau cov kab mob thiab cov kab mob polio inactivated hauv DPT:
- Mahoney (type 1);
- MEF-1 (type 2);
- Saukett (type 3).
Infanrix™ HEXA ("Infanrix™ HEXA"), ntxiv rau cov kab mob polio, suav nrog kab mob siab B nto antigen.
Tshuaj tiv thaiv los ntawm Fabkis
Fabkis lub tuam txhab SanofiAventis Pasteur tshaj tawm nws cov analogue ntawm DTP tshuaj tiv thaiv - Pentaxim ("Pentaxim").
Lub hom phiaj ntawm cov tshuaj yog los tiv thaiv tus menyuam tsis yog los ntawm kev hnoos hawb pob nrog kab mob plab thiab tetanus, tab sis kuj los ntawm Haemophilus influenzae thiab polio. Haemophilus influenzae cuam tshuam rau cov kab mob ua pa, lub hauv paus paj hlwb, thiab tuaj yeem dhau los ua cov foci purulent hauv tus menyuam lub cev.
DTP txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv txhua qhov no.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab ntau npaum li cas ntawm pertussis antigen thiab toxoids (tetanus thiab diphtheria) zoo ib yam li Infanrix los ntawm Belgium.
Tsis tas li ntawd, Pentaxima muaj tus kab mob polio inactivated:
- 40 units yam 1;
- 8 units 2 yam;
- 32 units 3 yam.
Tsis tas li, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv DPT muaj cov khoom ntxiv:
- 12.5 mcg formaldehyde;
- 0.3 mg aluminium hydroxide;
- 0, 05 ml - 199 - Hank's nruab nrab - ob-cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov amino acids(M 199 media thiab Hanks media);
- liab phenol raug cais tawm ntawm DTP kev npaj;
- 2, 5 µl phenoxyethanol - yog cov carcinogen uas cuam tshuam rau lub cev xeeb tub thiab lub paj hlwb hauv nruab nrab;
- txog 0.5ml txhaj dej;
- 7,3 - mus txog pH 6,8 - acetic acid (tuaj yeem yog sodium hydroxide).
Kuj suav nrog:
- Haemophilus influenzae hom b polysaccharide 10mcg;
- sucrose - 42.5 mg;
- tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob trometamol 0.6 mg.
Cia peb txuas ntxiv cov lus piav qhia ntawm DTP. Lwm hom tshuaj tiv thaiv Fab Kis Fab Kis yog Tetracoccus (tsim los ntawm Pasteur Mérier Sirom & Waxin), ib koob tshuaj uas suav nrog tsawg kawg:
- Bordetella pertussis 4 IU;
- tetanus toxoid purified 60 IU;
- kab mob diphtheria purified toxoid 30 IU.
Ntxiv rau, nws muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob polio uas tsis muaj zog (hom 1, 2, 3). Raws li cov tshuaj pab tau siv: 2-phenolethanol, formaldehyde, aluminium hydroxide.
Qhov teeb meem ntawm kev sib ntxiv thiab kev sib hloov ntawm cov tshuaj
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv DTP tau muab thawj zaug rau tus neeg thaum muaj hnub nyoog peb hlis. Tom qab ntawd, nws rov ua dua ob zaug ntxiv nrog kev so ntawm ib thiab ib nrab lub hlis. Tom qab ntawd txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm ib xyoos thiab ib nrab xyoo, ntawm rau lossis xya, kaum plaub thiab, thaum kawg, rau cov neeg laus - tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tetanus thiab tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob diphtheria revaccination ntawm ADS-M. Muab qhov tseeb tias muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv los ntawm cov tuam txhab sib txawv, nws tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias cov kab mob twg los tiv thaiv.qhov no lossis qhov kev kho no yog npaj, nrog rau cov phiaj xwm txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv qee yam kab mob.
sijhawm txhaj tshuaj tshwj xeeb
Thaum twg DTP ua tiav? Lub Sijhawm Tshuaj Tiv Thaiv Hauv Tebchaws qhia txog lub sijhawm txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv hauv qab no rau hom tshuaj tiv thaiv no:
- DTP tshuaj tiv thaiv rau menyuam yaus peb zaug ntawm peb, plaub thiab ib nrab hli thiab rau lub hlis.
- Lub sijhawm ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj yuav tsum nyob ntawm ib hlis mus rau 45 hnub, thaum qhov kev txhaj tshuaj thawj zaug tsis tau yog vim li cas, pib txij tam sim no, soj ntsuam lub sijhawm ntawm ib hlis thiab ib nrab.
- Tom qab plaub xyoos, cov menyuam tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob pertussis.
Lub sijhawm ntev tshaj plaws ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog lub sijhawm 45 hnub, txawm li cas los xij, yog tias kev tswj hwm cov tshuaj tsis tuaj yeem yog vim li cas, kev txhaj tshuaj thib ob thiab thib peb tau muab ntau npaum li qhov ua tau - tsis tas yuav txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv ntxiv.
Kev rov ua dua tshiab yog ua raws li cov lus hauv qab no: thaum muaj hnub nyoog ib xyoos thiab ib nrab xyoo hauv ib xyoos. Yog tias thawj zaug txhaj tshuaj DTP tau ua tom qab peb lub hlis, kev txhaj tshuaj rov ua dua ib xyoos tom qab txhaj thib peb.
DTP-cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog muab rau cov neeg laus tsuas yog thaum lawv tsis tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv ntxov thaum yau. Ib chav kawm tab tom ua, uas suav nrog peb qhov kev txhaj tshuaj, nrog lub sijhawm ntawm ib thiab ib nrab lub hlis.
Cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog xya thiab kaum plaub tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob diphtheria thiab tetanus siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ADS-M lossis nws cov analogues. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv zoo li no yuav tsum tau ua kom muaj kev tiv thaiv kab mob thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm qib uas xav tau.
Kev rov ua tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob diphtheria thiab tetanus rau cov neeg laus yog ua tiavtxhua kaum xyoo.
Xav txog cov lus qhia rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv DTP (Russia).
Cov lus qhia rau kev siv
DTP txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv daj lossis dawb ntim rau hauv ampoules. Ntim ampoules ntawm kaum daim hauv cov thawv ntawv.
Raws li cov lus qhia rau kev siv, cov tshuaj yog npaj los tsim kev tiv thaiv kab mob diphtheria, tetanus thiab hnoos hawb pob hauv cov menyuam yaus. Cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua plaub xyoos yuav tsum tau txais plaub koob tshuaj tiv thaiv. Yog tias cov menyuam yaus twb mob hnoos hawb pob, uas yog, lawv muaj kev tiv thaiv kab mob, lawv tau txais ADS-M, ADS tshuaj tiv thaiv (tsis muaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob pertussis).
tshuaj tiv thaiv DPT nyob qhov twg? Nws yog muab intramuscularly nyob rau hauv tus ncej puab (quadriceps leeg), cov neeg laus yog txhaj rau hauv lub xub pwg nyom. Tsis pub txhaj tshuaj IV DPT.
DTP tshuaj tiv thaiv tuaj yeem ua ke nrog lwm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv los ntawm daim ntawv qhia hnub los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj rau ntau qhov chaw ntawm lub cev. Tsuas muaj ib qho kev zam xwb - cov tshuaj tiv thaiv BCG, uas tau muab cais, ib qho kev sib cais tau pom.
Dab tsi yog cov lus qhia siv rau DTP rau cov menyuam yaus qhia rau peb?
Contraindications rau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv
Dab tsi yog contraindications rau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv DTP, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv twg yog txwv tsis pub txhaj tshuaj? Cov npe ntawm kev txwv yog qhov dav heev.
- Txhua yam kab mob uas ua npaws, nrog rau kev ua pa. Puas yog nws tso cai rau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv DTP nrog tus mob khaub thuas, thaum tsis muaj qhov kub thiab txias? Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lawv raug coj los ntawm tus mob ntawm tus menyuam tag nrho. Yog snotnrog rau ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov tsos mob - ib pob khaus, dej ob lub qhov muag, cov tsos ntawm ib tug me ntsis hnoos, tshuaj tiv thaiv yuav tsum tau ncua. Thaum tsis muaj lwm yam cim thiab qhov ntswg qhov ntswg tas li hauv tus menyuam, kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev noj qab nyob zoo, koj tuaj yeem txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv.
- Me nyuam yaus muaj keeb kwm ntawm convulsions los yog qaug dab peg tsis ua rau kub taub hau.
- Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv muaj zog rau kev qhia txog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ua ntej - hyperemia thiab o nyob rau hauv qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj, kub tshaj 40 degrees, kev ua xua rau DTP, cov teeb meem neurological.
- Kev tsis haum rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, suav nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv merthiolate thiab lwm cov tshuaj uas muaj mercury.
- kab mob tiv thaiv kab mob lossis siv tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob.
nquag nug cov lus nug, puas tau tso cai txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv thaum tus menyuam cov hniav tawg? Yog, nws tsis txaus ntshai rau tus menyuam thiab tsis cuam tshuam rau kev loj hlob ntawm kev tiv thaiv. Qhov tsuas yog qhov tshwj xeeb yog qhov kev sib txuas ntawm teething los ntawm kev nce hauv qhov kub thiab txias. Hauv qhov no, kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv raug ncua mus txog thaum lub xeev ntawm lub cev rov zoo li qub.
Txoj kev npaj tus menyuam rau kev txhaj tshuaj DTP
Txij li thaum txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv DTP tuaj yeem ua rau muaj ntau yam teeb meem tom qab txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, nws yuav tsum tau ceev faj heev los ntawm cov kws kho mob thiab cov niam txiv. Txoj cai npaj tus menyuam mus txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv yog raws li nram no:
- Thaum lub sijhawm txhaj tshuaj, tus menyuam yuav tsum raug kuaj los ntawm txhua tus kws kho mob tsim nyog thiab tsis muaj teebmeem kev khomob los ntawm lawv.
- Tus neeg mob yuav tsum noj qab nyob zoo, nrog rau kev kuaj ntshav zoo. Puas yuav tsum tau tso siab rau?kuaj ua ntej txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv DTP? Cov lus teb yog yog. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus kws kho mob yuav tsum kuaj xyuas tus menyuam kom tag thiab nug cov niam txiv txog kev tsis txaus siab.
- Yog tias tus menyuam muaj qhov ua xua - ua pob liab vog, diathesis - yuav tsum tau mus ntsib kws kho mob. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, feem ntau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog nqa tawm tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm kev tiv thaiv ntawm antihistamine-hom tshuaj (cov kws kho mob feem ntau sau Fenistil DTP ua ntej txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv). Kev kho mob thiab noj tshuaj yog teem los ntawm tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb, txwv tsis pub muab tshuaj rau menyuam yaus ntawm nws tus kheej.
Kev npaj cov niam txiv hauv kev txhaj tshuaj DPT tam sim ua ntej nws suav nrog cov khoom hauv qab no:
- Hnub ua ntej txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv lossis hnub no, tus menyuam yuav tsum mus rau qhov kev xav tau loj. Yog tias tsis muaj cov hnyuv tawm, koj yuav tsum muab nws ib qho tshuaj laxative, piv txwv li, Dufalac.
- Tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm plab khoob. Thaum txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv lig, koj tsis tuaj yeem pub tus menyuam ib teev ua ntej txhaj tshuaj, tab sis muab nws cov zaub mov noj thaum sawv ntxov. Koj yuav tsum zam cov zaub mov tsis paub thiab cov khoom noj tshiab ntxiv.
- Tsis txhob hnav khaub ncaws kom sov. Yog tias tus menyuam tawm hws thaum tuaj txog ntawm lub tsev kho mob menyuam yaus, koj yuav tsum tau hnav nws, zaum hauv txoj kev hauv tsev rau 15-20 feeb thiab cia nws "txias".
- Nqa dej nrog koj, tso cai pub tsis pub dhau. Ua ntej thiab tam sim tom qab txhaj tshuaj, tus menyuam tuaj yeem qaug cawv.
- Kuv puas yuav tsum pub tus menyuam ua ntej txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv DTP "Suprastin"? Yog tsis muaj ntawv kho mob, txwv tsis pub muab tshuaj. Txawm hais tias qhov tseeb tias lawv siv tsis cuam tshuam rau kev tsim cov kev tiv thaiv, cov menyuam yaus, raws li kev pom zoo ntawm WHOtsis tas yuav muab tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ua ntej npaj rau tshuaj tiv thaiv.
Kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb tom qab txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv
Txoj cai saib xyuas menyuam tom qab txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv DTP yog dab tsi? Cov lus nug no feem ntau nug los ntawm niam txiv.
Puas tsim nyog muab tshuaj tua kab mob tom qab txhaj tshuaj? Yog lawm, cov kws kho mob qhia kom ua qhov no rau kev tiv thaiv, tsis txhob tos kom kub nce. Lawv tuaj yeem siv rau hauv daim ntawv suppositories, ntsiav tshuaj lossis syrup. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los tso ib suppository nrog ibuprofen hmo ntuj rau tus menyuam.
Puas taug kev tom qab txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv DTP? Tsis muaj kev txwv nyob rau sab nraum zoov. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau zaum hauv txoj kev hauv tsev ib ntus tom qab txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv, yog tias muaj kev fab tshuaj tsis haum. Tom qab ntawd koj tuaj yeem taug kev luv luv. Kev taug kev tsuas yog txwv tsis pub thaum muaj qhov kub thiab txias lossis lwm yam tshuaj tiv thaiv rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
Hnub hnub txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv zoo dua kom tsis txhob ua luam dej. Thaum ntxov, sim tsis txhob ntub qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj, txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav tsis phem yog tias dej nkag rau ntawm qhov txhab - koj tsis tuaj yeem ntxuav nws nrog xab npum thiab rub nws nrog ib daim ntaub ntxuav.
Kuv puas tuaj yeem tau txais qhov zaws tom qab txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv DTP? Tsis muaj contraindications ncaj qha, tab sis cov kws kho mob zaws feem ntau qhia kom tsis txhob muaj kev sib tham rau ob mus rau peb hnub. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los hloov cov chav kawm lossis ncua kev txhaj tshuaj rau ob peb hnub kom txog thaum lub zaws tiav.
Hnub hnub txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab peb hnub tom qab ntawd, yuav tsum ua tib zoo saib xyuas tus menyuam txoj kev noj qab haus huv, yog tias tsim nyog, ntsuas qhov ntsuas kub.
Muaj peev xwm tshwm sim rau kev txhaj tshuaj DTP
Los ntawm 30 mus rau 50% ntawm cov menyuam mos, raws li ntau qhov chaw, ib txoj hauv kev los yog lwm qhov teb rau qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm Lavxias-ua tshuaj tiv thaiv DTP. Dab tsi yog qhov qub thiab yuav pab tus menyuam li cas nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv? Feem ntau ntawm tag nrho cov cim tshwm sim thawj hnub tom qab txhaj tshuaj, tab sis cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv peb hnub. Nws yuav tsum tau hais tias yog tias cov tsos mob tshwm sim tom qab lub sijhawm no (ARI, zawv plab, qhov kub thiab txias), ces qhov no yuav tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, tab sis muaj tus kab mob ywj pheej, thiab, hmoov tsis, nws yog ib qho yooj yim mus nqa tom qab ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv. mus ntsib kws kho mob.
Muaj ib qho kev tshwm sim dav dav thiab hauv zos rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv DTP. Cov tsos mob hauv zos yog kev hloov pauv ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg subcutaneous thiab daim tawv nqaij ntawm qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj.
liab me ntsis tshwm hauv thaj chaw txhaj tshuaj tom qab txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv DTP. Yuav ua li cas? Nrog rau qhov chaw me me, tsis txhob txhawj. Xws li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog ib txwm nrog kev qhia ntawm tus neeg sawv cev txawv teb chaws. Qhov redness yuav ploj hauv ib hnub lossis me ntsis tom qab.
Nws kuj yog ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv ib txwm muaj kev tiv thaiv tom qab txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv DTP. Yuav ua li cas rau qhov no? Txhawm rau kom nrawm resorption, qhov o yog lubricated nrog Troxevasin gel. Lub pob thiab foob yuav tsum daws tsis pub dhau 10-14 hnub. Ib pob tuaj yeem tshwm sim ntawm qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj thaum ib feem ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tau raug txhaj rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg subcutaneous. Qhov nqus ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no yuav qeeb dua, txawm li cas los xij, qhov no yuav tsis cuam tshuam rau kev tsim ntawm kev tiv thaiv thiab kev noj qab haus huv ntawm tus menyuam.
Tus me nyuam feem ntau hnov mob ntawm qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj. Nws yog qhia tsis muaj zog lossis muaj zog, nyob ntawm tus neegrhiab heev. Yog li ntawd, qee zaum tom qab txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv DPT, tus menyuam ceg tawv, vim nws tiv thaiv tus ceg mob. Qhov xwm txheej ntawm tus menyuam yuav pab ua kom yooj yim rau daim ntawv thov dej khov rau qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj. Yog tias qhov mob tsis ploj mus ntev, koj yuav tsum sab laj nrog kws kho mob.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv feem ntau yog qhov tshwm sim hauv lub cev, suav nrog cov tsos mob ua xua.
Ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv rau qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm DTP tshuaj tiv thaiv los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom Lavxias yog cov xwm txheej uas kub nce tom qab nws. Kuv puas yuav tsum tau txo qhov kub thiab txias? Txhua tus kws kho mob hais tsis meej: kub taub hau tom qab txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv yuav tsum tau muab tshuaj tua kab mob. Hauv qhov no, yuav tsis muaj txiaj ntsig los ntawm nws, tab sis nws yuav cuam tshuam rau tus menyuam txoj kev noj qab haus huv hauv txoj kev tsis zoo. Yog tias qhov ntsuas kub tsis kho nrog cov tshuaj tua kab mob, koj yuav tsum hu rau tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb.
Me nyuam yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob raws li ibuprofen thiab paracetamol. Cov menyuam yaus yuav tsum tsis txhob muab acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin). Muab cov tshuaj suppositories, syrups los yog ntsiav tshuaj. Thawj koob tshuaj tuaj yeem muab tau raws li kev tiv thaiv thaum hmo ntuj. Tom qab ntawd muab tshuaj tua kab mob yog tias qhov ntsuas kub siab. Koj yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam qhov kev sib cais ntawm cov koob tshuaj thiab tsis txhob tshaj qhov ntau npaum li cas hauv cov lus qhia. Thaum siv cov tshuaj uas tau teev tseg dhau los, koj yuav tsum siv nws, tsis txhob yuav cov tshuaj tshiab.
Lub sijhawm kub npaum li cas tom qab txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv DTP? Ua npaws siab yuav kav ib mus rau ob hnub. Nws tuaj yeem nce rau hnub txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv lossis hnub tom ntej tom qab nws. DTP tsis yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm qhov nce hauv qhov kub thiab txias tom qablub sij hawm, feem ntau yog vim lwm yam.
Tom qab txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv DTP, cov pob khaus yog ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ib ntus thiab tsis ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim. Thaum txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv tom qab, tsis muaj qhov tshwm sim.
Tom qab txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv, tej zaum yuav muaj raws plab - lub sijhawm luv luv ntawm cov quav. Nws tshwm sim ntau dua los ntawm kev ntxhov siab los ntawm tus menyuam yaus dua li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
Tom qab txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv DTP, feem ntau tsis ntuav, ua rau tus menyuam ntshai lossis ua npaws. Ib qho ntuav tsis tas yuav muaj kev cuam tshuam los ntawm kws kho mob, tus menyuam yuav tsum tau muab cov kua dej ntau.
Raws li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob pertussis, hnoos tshwm sim thiab tshwm sim txhua hnub. Tsis xav tau kev kho mob kom tshem tau nws, nws kis tau sai.
Lwm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau kev txhaj tshuaj DPT yog txo qis qab los noj mov, tsaug zog, ntxhov siab, ntxhov siab vim thiab tsis xis nyob.
Kev ua xua thiab ua npaws feem ntau yuav tshwm sim los ntawm kev teb rau kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv DTP, uas lub cev twb paub txog antigens. Tias yog vim li cas qhov kev txhaj tshuaj thib ob tau zam tuaj yeem txiav txim los ntawm tus menyuam yuav ua li cas thiaj zam tau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntxiv. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm kev ua xua los yog tshwm sim hnyav, hloov DPT nrog sib dua analogues los yog tsis muab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob pertussis txhua.
Dab tsi yog ib feem ntawm DTP tam sim no meej. Xav txog cov teeb meem tshwm sim.
Kev nyuaj siab
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv zoo rau DPT ploj mus yam tsis muaj kab nyob rau ob peb hnub. Tab sis cov kev mob tshwm sim thiab cov teeb meem sib txawv uas lawv xav tau kev kho mob thiab tuaj yeem ua rau tus menyuam noj qab haus huv. Dab tsi yog qhov txaus ntshai hauvHauv qhov no, qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv DTP?
Yog tias cov tshuaj tau ua txhaum txoj cai aseptic, ces "av" tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv lub qhov txhab - ntau cov kab mob uas ua rau suppuration thiab o hauv cov ntaub so ntswg subcutaneous. Tom qab DTP, cov ntaub ntawv abscess. Ib qho mob liab o tshwm rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij, qee zaum kub. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, kev phais yog tsim nyog - ib tug abscess raug txiav, lub qhov txhab yog ntxuav ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg tuag thiab cov kua paug, thiab kho nrog ib tug qhib txoj kev siv tshuaj tua kab mob, hmoov los yog tshuaj pleev.
Ntawm cov kev mob tshwm sim hauv cov menyuam yaus ntawm qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm Lavxias DTP, qhov txaus ntshai tshaj plaws yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hauv lub paj hlwb, uas yog qhov zoo rau cov hnoos hawb pob. Nws tshwm sim yog poob siab, encephalopathy, tsis nco qab, twitching, convulsions. Kev sib txuas ncaj qha ntawm cov kev sib txawv no nrog cov kab mob hnoos hawb pob tsis tau tsim, tab sis cov kev cuam tshuam zoo li no tau pom hauv ib tus menyuam ntawm ib puas txhiab.
Tom qab muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hnyav rau DPT (shock, convulsions, kub heev), encephalopathy (tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev puas hlwb) kuj tuaj yeem tshwm sim.
Muaj lwm qhov teeb meem txaus ntshai uas tshwm sim tsis tshua muaj ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv DTP. Qhov no yog ib qho mob ntawm hypotension thiab NHE (tsis muaj lus teb). Nws tshwm sim hauv cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua ob xyoos rau ob hnub tom qab txhaj tshuaj. Thaum xub thawj, kub taub hau poob rau hauv, ces tus me nyuam yuav lethargic, poob rau hauv lub xeev ntawm tsaug zog. Ua pa ntiav, tawv nqaij daj. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yuav kav ntev txog rau 6 teev, txawm li cas los xij, tus mob ntawm cov me nyuam rov zoo li qub, txawm hais tias cov tsos mob zoo li yuav hem.
DTP tsis yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm anaphylactic shock, edemaQuincke, urticaria, kev tsis haum tshuaj, txawm li cas los xij, tsis tshua muaj lawv tseem tuaj yeem tshwm sim.
DTP txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv feem ntau yog tham los ntawm cov niam txiv ntawm cov menyuam mos. Rau thiab tawm tsam cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no, ntau pua txhiab leej niam thiab txiv hais lus hauv Internet. Qee tus qhia cov dab neeg hais txog qhov ua rau tus menyuam kub taub hau tom qab txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv, lwm tus hais tias tus menyuam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau kev qhia txog tshuaj lom neeg.
Raws li kev tiv thaiv, kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob pertussis-diphtheria-tetanus yuav tsum muaj qee qhov kev npaj thiab npaj cov niam txiv rau cov teeb meem tshwm sim. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv tuaj yeem kov yeej yog tias cov algorithm ntawm kev ua raws.
Ua ntej tshaj plaws, cov niam txiv yuav tsum muaj cov ntaub ntawv hais txog qhov chaw tsim tshuaj tiv thaiv lawv tus menyuam yuav tau txhaj tshuaj. Niaj hnub no, muaj ntau yam tshuaj, lawv muaj lawv qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo, tab sis tam sim no tsis muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis zoo ntawm cov khw muag tshuaj.
Peb tau saib dab tsi suav nrog hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv DTP.
