Lub plawv yog lub cev nqaij daim tawv nrog nws tus kheej lub suab tswj lub cev. Nws yog sawv cev los ntawm pacemaker hlwb uas tswj cov kev ua ntawm lub plawv cov leeg. Nws yog cuam tshuam los ntawm cov tshuaj yeeb tshuaj thiab cov tshuaj kho mob uas tsim los ntawm cov qog adrenal. Qhov kev txiav txim no tau piav qhia tias yog qhov zoo lossis tsis zoo inotropic, chronotropic, dromotropic lossis bathmotropic effect.
Bathmotropy thiab chronotropy ntawm lub plawv
Bathmotropia yog qhov cuam tshuam ntawm qee yam ntawm kev ua haujlwm hauv plawv hauv txoj hauv kev uas ua rau lub zog ntawm cov pacemaker hloov pauv raws li qhov tshwm sim. Lo lus "excitability" yog hais txog lub peev xwm los tsim kom muaj peev xwm ua tau. Kev nyuaj siab ntawm excitability yog nce hauv qhov pib, tom qab uas muaj peev xwm ua tau tsim. Stimulation ntawm excitability ntawm lub plawv yog ib tug txo nyob rau hauv tus nqi pib ntawm lub membrane muaj peev xwm, saum toj no uas sai depolarization tshwm sim. Cov txheej txheem no yog hu ua qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov muaj peev xwm ua. ATFeem ntau, lo lus "batmotropic effect" txhais tau tias muaj kev hloov pauv hauv myocardial excitability.
Chronotropic nyhuv hauv myocardial electrophysiology yog qhov zaus uas lub plawv atherosclerosis tsim. Ib qho txiaj ntsig zoo chronotropic mediates nce qhov zaus ntawm impulse tiam, uas yog, qhov ua tau zoo. Negative chronotropy - txo qhov zaus ntawm lub suab. Impulse tiam yog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim kom muaj peev xwm ua tau, uas ua rau "kev txiav txim" rau kev cog lus. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias qhov zaus ntawm lub atherosclerosis ntawm lub plawv noj qab haus huv txhais tau hais tias tib yam li qhov zaus ntawm kev contractions.
Qhov sib txawv ntawm lub tswv yim
Cov ntsiab lus "chronotropic" thiab "batmotropic effect" thaum xub thawj zoo li yuav luag zoo ib yam. Tab sis muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm lawv, uas yuav tsum tau piav qhia los ntawm ob qho no. Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm thawj zaug yog tias qhov kev nce hauv ntau zaus ntawm lub plawv contractions tuaj yeem ua tiav yam tsis muaj qhov txo qis ntawm qhov ua kom muaj zog ntawm lub pacemaker. Nyob rau hauv tib txoj kev, qeeb qeeb ntawm qhov contraction tsis tau txhais hais tias rau qhov no nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau nce lub excitability pib, uas yog, muab ib tug tsis zoo batmotropic nyhuv.
Qhov thib ob thesis boils mus rau qhov tseeb tias qhov kev txo qis hauv lub siab ntawm lub siab ib txwm txhais tau tias txo qis hauv kev sib dhos. Ib qho kev nce hauv excitability ntawm lub plawv kuj txhais tau hais tias qhov zaus ntawm lub atherosclerosis yuav nce ntau. Excitability (batmotropia) tsuas yog muaj peev xwm ua kom muaj peev xwm ua tau. Thiab qhov zaus, uas yog, chronotropy ntawm lub plawv, yog qhov ntsuas ntawm qhov ntau.kev txhais nyob rau hauv lub suab paj nruag tiam. Hauv plawv physiology, zaus raws li excitability. Qhov siab dua qhov excitability ntawm myocardium, qhov ntau zaus ntawm qhov atherosclerosis.
Inotropia thiab dromotropia ntawm lub plawv
Nyob rau hauv myocardial physiology muaj cov ntsiab lus xws li inotropic thiab dromotropic teebmeem. Inotropy yog lub zog ntawm cov leeg ntawm tes contraction, thiab dromotropy yog conductivity, uas yog, qhov ceev ntawm impulse propagation raws li kev coj los yog raws li kev sib cuag ntawm cov hlwb myocardial. Lub physiology ntawm lub plawv yog xws li tias qhov siab dua lub zog ntawm contraction ntawm lub plawv, qhov ntau dua cov ntshav ejected los ntawm sab laug ventricle. Qhov ntau zaus ntawm kev cog lus tag nrho, ntau lub cev tau txais cov ntshav oxygenated ntau dua.
Physiology ntawm lub plawv dhia
Cov xwm txheej rau kev ua kom lub plawv dhia yog tsim vim muaj cov teebmeem batmotropic thiab dromotropic. Ntawd yog, nrog kev nce ntxiv hauv myocardial excitability thiab nrog kev nrawm ntawm kev coj ua, qhov nce ntawm lub plawv dhia thiab lawv lub zog tuaj yeem ua tiav. Nyob rau hauv ib qho xwm txheej uas lub cev xav tau kom nrawm nrawm nws txoj haujlwm, piv txwv li, ua ntej kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev thiab thaum lub sijhawm nws, cov txheej txheem physiological ntawm kev tswj hwm kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub plawv tau txhim kho. Nws tag nrho pib nrog qhov zoo dromotropic thiab da dej motropic nyhuv, tam sim ntawd tom qab ntawd cov nyhuv chronotropic ntawm cov neeg kho kom zoo. Lub inotropic mechanism txuas nrog kawg. Lub fading ntawm cov teebmeem tom qab kev tso tseg ntawm stimulation nrog catecholamines tshwm sim nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim rov qab.
pom zoo bathmotropy
Zoo da dej motropy yog xws li cuam tshuam rau cov hlwb ntawm lub plawv, uas lawv excitability nce. Ntawd yog, qhov pib ua kom muaj peev xwm ua tau raug txo. Nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus, ib tug zoo bathmotropic nyhuv yog ib tug txo nyob rau hauv tus nqi ntawm daim nyias nyias muaj peev xwm tsim nyog rau lub ceev depolarization ntawm lub cardiomyocyte plasmolemma. Sympathetic mediators ntawm lub paj hlwb (adrenaline, norepinephrine), nrog rau xenobiotics (cocaine thiab amphetamine) yog qhov txawv los ntawm qhov kev ua no.
Atropine, epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine yog siv los ua tshuaj, uas yog siv los ua kom tau zoo bathmotropy, inotropy, chronotropy thiab dromotropy. Qhov no yog qhov tsim nyog thaum resuscitating cov neeg mob uas muaj lub plawv nres. Dopamine thiab atropine kuj tseem siv tau los txhawb cov hlab plawv hauv qhov chaw saib xyuas hnyav kom tswj tau cov ntshav txaus.
negative bathmotropy
Nyob rau hauv tib neeg lub cev, ib txwm, cov nyhuv da dej tsis zoo yog tawm los ntawm lub paj hlwb parasympathetic los ntawm kev ua kom lub paj hlwb vagus. Nws cov cawv ua rau muaj qhov ua kom muaj zog ntawm cov pacemakers thiab contractile myocardium, yog li txo qhov muaj feem ntawm kev tsim muaj peev xwm ntawm lub sijhawm uas nws tsis tas yuav ua kom tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm lub cev.
Negative bathmotropy yog yam ntxwv ntawm cov tshuaj lom FOS, thiab beta-blockers, qee cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Hauv kev nkag siab nqaim, cov nyhuv da dej tsis zoo yuav tsum raug suav hais tias yog txheej txheemqhov nce ntawm tus nqi pib ntawm lub peev xwm membrane, uas ceev ceev sodium channels qhib. Qhov kev txhais lus no yog qhov tsim nyog thaum txheeb xyuas cov txheej txheem molecular ntawm lub suab sib dhos.
