Ib kab mob hu ua Burkitt's lymphoma yog ib hom kab mob uas tsis yog Hodgkin. Kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob no yog vim B-lymphocytes. Tus kab mob no muaj ntau yam malignancy. Muaj ib zaug ntaus ib qho kev tsom xam, lymphoma tsis nres, txuas ntxiv mus thoob plaws tib neeg lub cev. Peb yuav qhia koj txog cov theem ntawm tus kab mob no, nrog rau cov tsos mob ntawm nws qhov tshwm sim, kev kuaj mob thiab kev kho mob hauv peb tsab xov xwm.
Kev kis tus kab mob
Burkitt's lymphoma tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau thaj tsam ntawm cov pob txha pob txha, ua kom cov ntshav thiab ua haujlwm hauv cov kua cerebrospinal, uas yog, hauv cov kua dej cerebrospinal. Yog tias tus kab mob no tsis kho, ces cov qog tuaj yeem loj hlob sai heev thoob plaws hauv lub cev, ua rau muaj kev tuag taus. Tus kab mob Epstein-Barr yog tus kab mob ncaj qha ntawm tus kab mob no rau tib neeg.
Ntau pawg hnub nyoog sib txawv rau tus kab mob no
Ref. Kev kis kab mob, nws tsim nyog hais tias cov tsos mob ntawm Burkitt's lymphoma (daim duab) tau txiav txim siab hauv cov neeg mob hauv ntau pawg hnub nyoog. Tab sis qhov loj tshaj plaws ntawm tus kab mob no tau pom nyob rau hauv cov menyuam yaus thiab cov hluas, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov txiv neej. Feem ntau tus kab mob no tshwm sim rau cov neeg uas muaj AIDS. Tus kab mob no tshwm sim nyob rau hauv Central Africa thiab muaj nyob rau hauv cov pej xeem ntawm lub tebchaws United States of America. Raws li rau Russia, nws tsis tshua muaj heev nyob rau hauv peb lub teb chaws.
Ib tug neeg uas muaj Burkitt lymphoma tsis tuaj yeem kis tus kabmob mus rau lwm tus. Tab sis nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias tus kab mob no tuaj yeem kis tau los ntawm qee qhov ntawm cov qaub ncaug, tab sis yuav tsis tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev ywj pheej kis tus kab mob.
Kev piav qhia ntawm pathology
Burkitt's lymphoma yog ib yam kab mob phem heev uas tsim los ntawm B-lymphocytes. Tus kab mob no tsis yog nyob hauv ib cheeb tsam nkaus xwb nyob rau hauv lub lymphatic system, sai sai pib kis los ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg thiab kabmob. Nws tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv cov ntshav, thiab ntxiv rau, mus rau hauv cov pob txha pob txha. Nws etiology tseem tsis tau paub meej meej. Raws li txoj cai, cov kws tshaj lij xav txog cov xwm txheej dav dav uas yog tus yam ntxwv ntawm cov kab mob neoplastic, vim hais tias yuav luag txhua lub sijhawm kev loj hlob ntawm lymphomas cuam tshuam nrog kev ncaj qha ntawm tus kab mob thiab cov qog loj hlob. Cov kws kho mob tuaj yeem pom Burkitt's lymphoma nyob rau hauv ntau yam kabmob, piv txwv li, hauv cov qog adrenal, hauv puab tsaig, pancreas, hnyuv, plab, thiab lwm yam. Feem ntau, tus kab mob no tsis cuam tshuam rauperipheral lymph nodes, yog vim li cas tsis paub.
Distinguishing kab mob los ntawm lymphosarcoma
Feem ntau, cov kws tshaj lij tau sau tseg tias muaj cov qog ntshav tsis paub qab hau hauv cov neoplasm nrog kev faib tawm hauv chromatin nucleus, kom tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv ntawm cov kab mob no los ntawm lymphosarcoma. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, vacuolized histiocytes tuaj yeem kuaj pom thaum kuaj histological. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov neeg mob muaj cov lipids ntau ntxiv hauv cytoplasm ntawm lymphoid hlwb. Raws li ib feem ntawm lub microscopy, nws muaj peev xwm txheeb xyuas cov protrusions ntawm cytoplasm nrog cov kab mob kis.
Qhov peculiarity ntawm tus kab mob no yog tias nws tsis muaj kev sib txuas tshwj xeeb rau cov hnub nyoog tshwj xeeb ntawm ib tus neeg, thiab feem ntau, raws li tau sau tseg, Burkitt's lymphoma raug kuaj pom hauv cov menyuam yaus thiab cov tub ntxhais hluas. Feem ntau, tus kab mob no pib tshwm sim hauv cov neeg uas tau kuaj pom tias muaj AIDS. Tus kab mob no, tsis zoo li lwm yam kab mob zoo sib xws, feem ntau dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev kis kab mob mononucleosis hauv tib neeg.
Tom ntej no, peb yuav paub meej tias tus kab mob no kis mus li cas thiab nws cov theem tseem ceeb yog dab tsi.
theem ntawm tus kab mob
Tsuas muaj plaub theem ntawm Burkitt's lymphoma, uas nyob ntawm seb nws qhov ntau npaum li cas hauv lub cev:
- Thawj theem lymphoma cuam tshuam rau ib cheeb tsam ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav.
- Nyob rau theem thib ob, ib lossis ntau qhov chaw ntawm cov qog ntshav nyob rau ntawm ib sab ntawm lub diaphragm tuaj yeem cuam tshuam.
- Ntawm pebCov theem cuam tshuam rau cov qog ntshav qog nyob ntawm ob sab ntawm lub diaphragm.
- Burkitt's lymphoma theem 4 cuam tshuam nrog cov kabmob sab hauv hauv cov txheej txheem qog.
Thawj ob theem ntawm pathology, tus cwj pwm los ntawm cov kab mob ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav peripheral, suav tias yog hauv zos, thiab tom kawg yog hu ua ntau. Tam sim no cia saib ncaj qha rau qhov ua rau tus kab mob no.
Ua rau kab mob
Kev tshawb fawb tseem tsis tau paub meej qhov ua rau muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog kev yug dua tshiab ntawm cov hlwb. Raws li twb tau hais lawm, tus kab mob no tshwm sim vim tus kab mob Epstein-Barr, uas yog qhov tseeb tiag. Tab sis tsis yog txhua tus neeg uas muaj tus kab mob no kis tus kab mob no. Nws feem ntau tshwm sim tias Burkitt's lymphoma raug kuaj pom hauv cov menyuam yaus thiab cov neeg laus uas muaj mononucleosis. Kab mob mononucleosis zoo ib yam li lymphoma. Ob yam kab mob tshwm sim zoo ib yam, tab sis lymphoma nyuaj kho dua li mononucleosis.
Kev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis muaj zog
Cov kws tshawb fawb tau xaus lus tias tus kab mob ntawm qib plaub cuam tshuam rau cov neeg mob uas tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob. Cov neeg zoo li no muaj kev cuam tshuam rau cov txheej txheem malignant tshwm sim hauv lymphatic system ntau dua li lwm tus. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kws tshawb fawb qhia tias muaj cov hauv qab no vim tias tus kab mob no tuaj yeem tshwm sim:
- Irradiation ntawm tus neeg mob siv hluav taws xob ionizing hauv kev kho mob ntawm lwm yam kab mob oncological.
- Tib neeg nyob hauv qhov chaw muaj neeg pluagib puag ncig, nrog rau thaj tsam ze ntawm kev lag luam tshuaj.
- Nco tsis tu ncua nrog cov carcinogens tom haujlwm.
Cov tsos mob ntawm pathology
Lymphoma hlwb hauv ib qho tseem ceeb tuaj yeem ua rau hauv cov qog nqaij hlav, thiab ntxiv rau, hauv plab hnyuv. Yog li ntawd, lawv nce. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev nkag mus ntawm cov hlwb mus rau hauv cov hnyuv me, nws obstructive tshwm sim thiab los ntshav tshwm sim. Qee zaum pathology, cuam tshuam rau peripheral lymph nodes, tuaj yeem ua rau o ntawm lub puab tsaig thiab caj dab, ua rau mob heev. Malignant neoplasms ntawm lymphoid cov ntaub so ntswg yuav loj hlob sai. Cov kws tshaj lij paub qhov txawv ntawm cov tsos mob hauv qab no ntawm Burkitt's lymphoma:
- Qhov tshwm sim ntawm ib leeg lossis ntau cov qog hauv lub puab tsaig, muaj peev xwm txav mus rau lwm yam kabmob.
- Txoj kev tawg pob txha.
- Kev ua tsis taus pa los yog nqos.
- txheej txheem ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg infiltration.
- Deformation ntawm lub puab tsaig thiab qhov ntswg.
Ntxiv rau, nrog lymphoma, tej zaum yuav muaj lwm yam tsos mob cuam tshuam nrog cov kab mob toxicity, nrog rau cov mob ua npaws. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog hais txog lub plab daim ntawv ntawm Burkitt's lymphoma, uas yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm txoj kev nrawm nrawm ntawm qhov xwm txheej nrog rau kev kuaj mob nyuaj. Hauv qhov no, muaj kev puas tsuaj rau cov kabmob xws li ob lub raum, siab, txiav thiab cov hnyuv.
Cov tsos mob plab
Hom kab mob no tshwm sim li cas? Cia peb saib ze rau ntawm qhov teeb meem no. Hom kab mob plabfeem ntau nrog cov tsos mob hauv qab no:
- Zoo ua npaws.
- Kev loj hlob ntawm jaundice.
- Tshuaj mob plab.
- Kev txhim kho plab hnyuv plab.
- Kev qaug zog ntawm lub cev.
- Cov tsos mob ntawm dyspeptic syndrome.
Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob, uas yog tshwm sim los ntawm Epstein-Barr tus kab mob, ib tug malignant neoplasm yuav tsim, uas yuav nyob rau ntawm ib sab ntawm lub qhov ntswg kab noj hniav. Raws li txoj cai, xws li kev tsim tuaj yeem kis tau sai heev rau nasopharynx, metastasizing rau thaj tsam ntawm cov qog ntshav qab zib submandibular. Cov cim qhia ntawm daim ntawv no ntawm tus kab mob tuaj yeem yog ntau yam tso tawm los ntawm lub qhov ntswg kab noj hniav, uas feem ntau siv cov hnoos qeev nrog cov kua qaub. Qee zaum cov ntshav tuaj yeem pom hauv cov hnoos qeev.
Thaum lub sijhawm txhim kho cov txheej txheem phem, cov neeg mob yuav raug mob uas kis mus rau thaj chaw lub tuam tsev. Lub suab nrov hauv pob ntseg tsis raug txiav tawm. Yog tias cov qog nyob rau ntawm phab ntsa ntawm lub nasopharynx, kev hnov lus yuav tshwm sim. Cov tsos mob lom neeg tuaj yeem tsim nrog ceev ceev.
Nyob rau hauv cov neeg mob immunocompromised, leukoplakia ntawm qhov ncauj kab noj hniav, mucous daim nyias nyias ntawm tus nplaig thiab ciam teb ntawm daim di ncauj yuav tshwm sim. Qee lub sij hawm cov kws kho mob saib pathological foci ntawm lub taub hau ntawm noov nyob rau hauv cov txiv neej. Hauv cov poj niam, localization ntawm foci ntawm lub ncauj tsev menyuam yog qhov tshwm sim, thiab ntxiv rau, hauv qhov chaw mos. Xws li foci, raws li txoj cai, muaj cov tsos ntawm cov xim dawb uas txawv kom meej meejhais tias ciam teb. Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov zoo li no foci, qhov kub hnyiab tuaj yeem tshwm sim. Yog tias cov chaw no raug mob, los ntshav yuav tshwm sim.
Kev kuaj mob ntawm Burkitt's lymphoma
Yuav kom kuaj tau tus mob, tus neeg mob yog thawj zaug ntawm tag nrho cov kws kho mob ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg pathological. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov khoom raug xa mus rau kev kuaj mob histological txhawm rau kom paub meej txog theem ntawm lymphoma. Nyob rau hauv lub microscope, nws yog feem ntau pom tau tias muaj ntau me me lymphocytes, uas yog interspersed nrog macrophages ib zaug. Yog li, cov lymphocytes sim phagocytize cov qog hlwb.
Kev kuaj ntshav ob sab ua ib txoj hauv kev kuaj mob pathology
Nyob ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lymphoma, kev kuaj ntshav ob sab yuav ua tau nrog rau cov pob txha pob txha aspiration. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tuaj yeem xa mus rau x-ray ntawm lub hauv siab, pelvis. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb sib npaug los tshuaj xyuas lub plab kab noj hniav thiab ua cov lymphangiography ntawm sab qis nrog rau daim siab biopsy.
Tom ntej no, peb yuav pom tias cov kab mob no tau kho li cas.
Kev kho mob rau Burkitt's lymphoma yog dab tsi?
Tshuaj kab mob
Yuav kho tus kab mob no, cov kws kho mob feem ntau tig mus rau kev siv tshuaj khomob. Yog li, cov tshuaj xws li Cyclophosphamide yog siv nrog Etoposide, Cytarabine, Vincristine, Doskorubicin thiab Methotrexate.
Raws li ib feem ntawm kev kho mob nyuaj, cov kws kho mob feem ntau siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. Kev kho mobmalignant hlav tshwm sim los ntawm Epstein-Barr tus kab mob, recombinant interferons yog siv, uas yog siv nyob rau hauv loj npaum li cas. Tam sim no, chemotherapy tau ua ke nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. Qhov no ua rau nws ua tau kom ua tau zoo dua. Raws li ib feem ntawm kev kho mob, cov tshuaj chemotherapy yog muab rau cov neeg mob intravenously los yog ncaj qha mus rau hauv lub cerebrospinal kua.
Cov kev kho mob ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm mob qog noj ntshav thiab Burkitt's lymphoma ncaj qha nyob ntawm theem ntawm tus kab mob. Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm kev teem caij ntxov, nws tuaj yeem kho tus neeg mob kom tiav. Raws li rau theem kawg, lawv siv txoj kev phais kev kho mob. Yog hais tias los ntshav los yog ruptures tshwm sim nyob rau hauv txoj hnyuv, cov kws kho mob yuav tshem tawm ib feem ntawm nws.
Nov yog kev kho mob rau Burkitt's lymphoma.
Kev ntsuas rau qhov pathology
Qhov kev pom zoo tshaj plaws ntawm lymphoma yog, raws li txoj cai, hauv cov menyuam yaus, thiab ntxiv rau, nrog cov txheej txheem hauv zos. Yog tias qhov kev kho tsis tau raws sijhawm, tus kab mob tuaj yeem ua rau tus neeg mob tuag taus. Tag nrho cov ciaj sia taus tam sim ntawd tom qab ib chav kawm ntawm chemotherapy nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm no pathology nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam yog los ntawm rau caum rau cuaj caum feem pua. Ntawm cov neeg laus, qhov ciaj sia taus nce mus txog ntawm xya caum txog yim caum feem pua. Nws tseem yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias ntawm cov neeg laus cov neeg mob, qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev kho mob tej zaum yuav unpredictable.
Cov lus xaus ntawm kab lus
Yog li, qhov kev txiav txim siab twg tuaj yeem kos tau? Hauv kev xaus, nws yuav tsum tau hais tias nrog kev kho mob raws sijhawm thiab muaj peev xwm, Burkitt's lymphoma tuaj yeem rov qab sai sai, yog li feem ntau peb tseem tuaj yeem tham txog qhov kev pom zoo. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau hais txog tias txoj kev tsim nyog rau kev tiv thaiv tus kab mob no tseem tsis tau tsim. Raws li tau hais ua ntej, nyob rau hauv Russia no pathology yog tsis tshua muaj heev. Feem ntau, tsuas yog cov neeg tuaj saib mob tau mob qog ntshav qog ntshav, thiab qhov tsis muaj peev xwm kis tau nrog lawv tso cai rau peb txiav txim siab tias cov kab mob no tsis cuam tshuam rau peb lub latitudes.
