X-ray ntawm lub plab kab noj hniav yog ib txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws rau kev kuaj mob ntawm txoj hnyuv. Nws yog txoj kev kuaj no uas yog siv feem ntau hauv tsev kho mob thaum tus neeg mob tau txais kev tsis txaus siab ntawm qhov mob plab, flatulence, thiab quav quav.
Lub ntsiab lus ntawm radiography
X-ray yog ib txoj hauv kev qub tshaj plaws ntawm kev pom ntawm lub cev. Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm nws txoj haujlwm yog qhov kev tso cai ntawm x-rays los ntawm cov kab mob hauv nruab nrog cev. Txij li cov hluav taws xob tau yooj yim dhau los ntawm txoj hnyuv thiab tsis muaj zog cuam tshuam los ntawm cov kab mob hauv plab hnyuv, daim duab hluav taws xob ntawm lub plab zom mov yog nyob rau ntau qhov xwm txheej me me.
Txawm li cas los xij, qhov nrawm ntawm qhov tau txais qhov tshwm sim, tus nqi qis ntawm txoj kev no, qhov tsis xav tau cov cuab yeej siv high-tech ua rau X-rays ntau heev rau kev kuaj mob sai ntawm cov kab mob hauv nruab nrog cev. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj ntau cov tsos mob ntawm hluav taws xob uas tsis tuaj yeem pom siv lwm txoj hauv kev kuaj. Namely, lub xub ntiag ntawm cov noCov tsos mob tau txiav txim siab hauv qee qhov pathologies.
Yuav ua li cas X-ray yuav tsum saib tuaj yeem pom hauv daim duab hauv qab no.
hom hluav taws xob
Muaj ob hom kev kuaj xoo hluav taws xob ntawm lub plab plab: qhov sib piv thiab lub plab plab radiography.
Qhov kev taw qhia ntawm qhov sib txawv thaum lub sijhawm txheej txheem ua kom nws cov ntaub ntawv qhia thiab tus nqi kuaj mob. Qhov sib piv rau cov hnyuv yog cov tshuaj barium. Tus neeg mob haus ib khob ntawm cov tshuaj no (100 ml ntawm dej ib 80 g ntawm barium), thiab tom qab ntawd ib tug series ntawm cov duab yog coj mus rau ib teev. Yog hais tias txoj kev tshawb no tau ua tiav los kuaj xyuas cov pathology ntawm lub qhov quav, kev daws teeb meem yog siv cov tshuaj enema. Nws muaj 720 g ntawm barium thiab 1 liter ntawm 0.5% tannin tov. Tus neeg sawv cev zoo sib xws no tsis nqus rau hauv cov ntshav thiab tawm nrog cov quav.
Tus kws ntsuas hluav taws xob soj ntsuam seb barium hla cov hnyuv li cas, yuav ua li cas lub voj voog ntawm txoj hnyuv tau ntim, tom qab lub sijhawm twg barium raug tshem tawm los ntawm ntau lub tuam tsev. Qhov no tso cai rau koj pom ob qho kev hloov pauv hauv txoj hnyuv thiab ua txhaum ntawm nws lub cev muaj zog.
X-ray qhia dab tsi?
Raws li tau sau tseg saum toj no, X-ray dawb tsis yog qhia ntau, tab sis muaj ntau heev. Tom qab ntawd dab tsi yog qhov xoo hluav taws xob hauv plab?
- Kev muaj roj thiab kua dej hauv plab plab.
- Kev muaj lub cev txawv teb chaws.
- Kev mob plab plab.
- Puas muaj kev khuam siabkev txav ntawm cov quav hauv cov hnyuv.
- Puas muaj los ntshav.
Yog li, thaum teb cov lus nug ntawm qhov kev kuaj mob plab plab qhia tau li cas, nws tsim nyog hais tias nws tsuas yog cuam tshuam txog qee yam kab mob hauv lub cev. Tab sis txhawm rau kuaj xyuas qhov tseeb, feem ntau yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas ntxiv.
Kev taw qhia rau daim duab hluav taws xob dawb
Txawm hais tias qhov tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm cov hluav taws xob thaum lub sij hawm x-ray, tseem muaj hluav taws xob raug. Yog li ntawd, txoj kev kuaj mob no tsuas yog ua raws li tus kws kho mob cov lus qhia. Nws, nyob rau hauv lem, muaj peev xwm sau tawm ib tug xa mus rau lub plab radiography, raws li muaj xws li cov tsos mob thiab tej yam kev mob:
- mob plab plab - mob plab hauv plab;
- flatulence;
- mob plab;
- diverticulitis - protrusion ntawm lub plab hnyuv phab ntsa nrog o.
Txawm tias x-rays tsis tshua muaj tus qauv kub rau kev kuaj mob plab, qhov no yog txoj kev siv feem ntau ua ntej. X-rays plab tuaj yeem siv los xav tias muaj cov xwm txheej hauv qab no:
- mob plab hnyuv;
- perforated plab lossis hnyuv plab;
- mob cholecystitis;
- mob pancreatitis;
- cholelithiasis thiab urolithiasis;
- abscesses (purulent kab noj hniav) ntawm cov kabmob sab hauv.
Kev npaj rau qhov raug
Kev npaj tshwj xeeb rau kev tshuaj xyuasplab x-ray tsis tas yuav tsum tau. Nws tsuas yog pom zoo kom tso lub zais zis ua ntej kuaj.
Tab sis qhov kev npaj rau lub plab x-ray nrog barium tshwm sim. Txhawm rau kom paub meej cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas thiab zam qhov teeb meem, ntau txoj cai yuav tsum ua raws:
- tsis txhob noj zaub mov 12 teev ua ntej kuaj;
- tsis txhob noj zaub nyoos, qhob cij dub, cov khoom siv lactic acid rau ib hnub, vim lawv ua rau cov plab hnyuv loj;
- ib teev lossis ob zaug ua ntej x-ray, ua rau lub plab zom mov tau ua nrog cov tshuaj enema lossis suppositories nrog laxative;
- tam sim ua ntej kev kuaj xyuas, tag nrho cov khoom hlau yuav tsum raug tshem tawm.
Cais faib ib txoj hauv kev npaj rau x-rays siv cov tshuaj "Fortans". Lub sachet dissolves nyob rau hauv ib khob dej. Cov koob tshuaj uas kws kho mob tau sau tseg yog qaug cawv thaum yav tsaus ntuj ua ntej kev kuaj mob, ib lub hnab txhua teev.
X-ray ua li cas
Daim duab hluav taws xob ntawm lub plab kab noj hniav yog ua tiav hauv ob qhov kev kwv yees: dag thiab sawv. Feem ntau, thawj qhov kev xaiv raug tshem tawm thiab x-ray tsuas yog thaum sawv ntsug, txoj kev no yog cov ntaub ntawv ntau dua. Txoj kev no, txoj hnyuv plab yog qhov pom tau zoo dua, nrog rau perforation, lossis perforation, ntawm qhov txhab.
Qhov nyuaj dua yog qhov sib piv hluav taws xob. Ntawm no nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los thaij duab tom qab ib lub sijhawm thiab saib seb cov tshuaj barium txav mus los ntawm cov hnyuv. Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev txav barium no hu ua passage.
Qhov chaw ntawm barium nyob ntawmntawm lub sijhawm dhau mus yog:
- tom qab 1 teev - sib piv ib nrab hauv plab, ib nrab hauv cov hnyuv;
- tom qab 3 teev - qhov sib piv yuav tsum tawm hauv lub plab thiab ua rau cov hnyuv;
- tom qab 6 teev - sib piv hauv thawj ntu ntawm txoj hnyuv loj (caecum thiab ascending nyuv);
- tom qab 9 teev - qhov sib piv ntawm txoj kab nruab nrab thiab qis qis;
- tom qab 12 teev - qhov sib piv ntawm cov hnyuv loj thiab cov hnyuv loj sigmoid;
- tom qab 24 teev - sib piv hauv qhov quav.
Contraindications rau x-rays
Kev kuaj mob siv x-ray yuav tsum tau ua tsuas yog raws li tus kws kho mob tuaj koom. Tom qab tag nrho, tsuas yog ib tus kws tshaj lij uas tsim nyog tuaj yeem ntsuas tus neeg mob tus mob thiab paub seb nws puas muaj contraindications rau kev kuaj mob plab.
Tag nrho cov contraindications yuav muab faib ua kiag li (nyob rau hauv uas nws yog nruj me ntsis txwv tsis pub mus tshawb fawb) thiab cov txheeb ze (nws raug tso cai tsuas yog nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej hnyav, thaum qhov kev pheej hmoo yuav tsawg dua li cov txiaj ntsig tau npaj tseg).
Cov hauv qab no tsuas yog cov xwm txheej tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas yog qhov tsis txaus ntseeg rau kev kuaj X-ray, tsis yog lub plab kab noj hniav xwb:
- cev xeeb tub, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thawj ib nrab, txij li lub sijhawm no kev tsim ntawm tus menyuam cov kabmob tshwm sim;
- mob hnyav ntawm tus neeg mob, uas tsis tuaj yeem nqa nws mus rau chav X-ray;
- qhib pneumothorax - kab mob uas huab cua los ntawm ib puag ncig nkag mus rau hauv pleural kab noj hniav nyob ib ncig ntawm lub ntsws;
- bleeding.
Contraindications rau qhov sib txawv radiography
X-ray nrog qhov sib txawv yog contraindicated hauv cov xwm txheej hauv qab no:
- mob siab thiab raum tsis ua haujlwm;
- ua xua rau cov khoom sib txawv;
- ntshav qab zib mellitus nyob rau theem ntawm decompensation;
- tuberculosis;
- Tus kab mob hnyav heev.
Tsis tas li, txoj kev ua tsis tuaj yeem ua rau cov poj niam thaum lactation.
plab hnyuv obstruction: X-ray kos npe
Ntawm cov kab mob ntawm txoj hnyuv plab, X-rays tau txais qhov txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws hauv kev mob plab hnyuv. Cov txiaj ntsig tau sai thiab cov tsos mob ntawm qhov cuam tshuam ua rau tus kws phais mob kuaj xyuas thiab ua kev phais tam sim.
Yog tias muaj kev cuam tshuam, kev tshawb fawb X-ray tau ua nyob rau hauv txoj hauj lwm ntsug. Cov yam ntxwv yog qhov nce hauv airiness ntawm txoj hnyuv plab, uas qhia tau tias muaj roj ntau ntau hauv cov hnyuv.
Cov tsos mob ntawm kev kawm tshaj plaws yog qhov muaj cov kua dej, lub npe hu ua Kloiberg khob. Ntxiv mus, theem ntawm pathology tuaj yeem txiav txim siab los ntawm cov duab thiab qhov chaw ntawm cov tais no. Yog hais tias lub tais yog siab thiab nqaim thiab nyob rau ntawm lub periphery ntawm x-ray, peb tuaj yeem tham txog qhov muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm txoj hnyuv loj. Cov kws phais kuj siv lo lus "tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam".
Yog Kloyberg lub tais qis thiab dav, thiab tseem muab tso ze rau qhov chaw, qhov no qhia tau tiashais txog kev mob plab me me, lossis siab. Tsis tas li cov yam ntxwv yog qhov nthuav dav ntawm txoj hnyuv mus rau qhov chaw ntawm qhov kev cuam tshuam thiab kev tawg ntawm txoj hnyuv tom qab.
Thaum ua qhov sib txawv X-ray, koj tuaj yeem pom tias kev khiav tawm ntawm barium qeeb lossis tsis tuaj.
Qee zaum, radiography tuaj yeem pom qhov cuam tshuam nws tus kheej (cov qog, torsion, adhesions).
Kev cuam tshuam ntawm txoj hnyuv me thiab loj: qhov sib txawv
Thaum kuaj pom tias muaj kev cuam tshuam, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub qhov txawv qhov twg ntawm txoj hnyuv qhov teeb meem tshwm sim: nyob rau hauv nyias los yog tuab. Ntxiv rau qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov chaw thiab cov duab ntawm Kloiberg lub tais, muaj ntau lwm yam nta.
Yog tias lub tais tsis meej txaus uas lub tuam tsev koom nrog hauv cov txheej txheem pathological, koj tuaj yeem ua qhov sib txawv radiography ntawm lub plab kab noj hniav. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov kab mob plab hnyuv o tau pom zoo kawg nkaus.
Cov cim qhia ntawm qhov mob plab me me:
- bloated loops nyob hauv nruab nrab ntawm daim duab;
- lawv tsis tshaj 4-8 cm loj;
- yam ntxwv los ntawm qhov muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm kev sib tw tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm cov voj voos o;
- tsis muaj qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm cov npoo (gaustra).
Cov tsos mob ntawm plab hnyuv loj:
- inflated loops loj dua txoj kab uas hla;
- muaj concavities - gaustras;
- tus yam ntxwv ntawm lub xub ntiag ntawm arched folds (symptom of arches).
Yog li, tus nqi ntawm lub plab radiography hauv kev kuaj mob ntawm kev cuam tshuam yog qhov siab heev. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj qee zaus thaum daim duab x-ray tsis meej. Tom qab ntawd nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los ua lwm txoj kev kuaj: ultrasound, xam tomography.
Perforated ulcer: X-ray kos npe
Perforated (perforated) rwj yog ib qho tawg ntawm phab ntsa ntawm lub plab lossis cov hnyuv, uas yog nrog los ntawm qhov mob hnyav, dagger.
Thaum ruptured, huab cua nkag mus rau hauv lub plab kab noj hniav thiab nce mus rau lub diaphragm. Txij li thaum daim siab nyob rau ntawm txoj cai nyob rau hauv lub diaphragm, lub tsub zuj zuj ntawm huab cua yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws pom ntawm ob lub cev. Nws sib sau ua ke nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug nyias arcuate sawb. Qhov tshwm sim no yog hu ua tus mob ntawm huab cua ntawm lub plab x-rays.
Cov tsos mob no yog tus yam ntxwv feem ntau ntawm cov kab mob perforated, tab sis lwm cov cim tuaj yeem txiav txim siab ntawm x-ray:
- muaj lub npuas roj uas hloov pauv thaum txoj haujlwm ntawm lub cev hloov;
- xov xwm kab cua nyob hauv qab lub sternum thaum tus neeg mob tig nws sab;
- yog tias tsis pom cov roj hauv thawj daim duab, tus neeg mob raug tso cai haus dej carbonated; cov roj yuav khiav tawm ntawm qhov tshwm sim thiab yuav pom ntawm x-ray;
- nrog qhov kev kuaj mob tsis meej, qhov sib txawv yog ua tau, tab sis tsis yog nrog barium, tab sis nrog gastrografin; cov khoom yuav tawm los ntawm lub qhov nyob rau hauv lub hollow organ.
Nws tuaj yeem txiav txim siab tias kev kuaj ntshav ntawm lub plab plab yog ib txoj hauv kev zoo tiag tiag ntawm cov theem pib ntawm kev kuaj mob ntau yam ntawm cov kab mob hauv plab. Thiab yog tias koj xav tias plab hnyuv obstruction thiab perforated rwj, nws lub luag hauj lwm tsuas yog invaluable.
