Kev kho tshuaj insulin yog ib txoj hauv kev kho mob ntshav qab zib hom 1 thiab qee kis mob ntshav qab zib hom 2. Txhua tus neeg mob uas muaj xws li pathology yuav tsum ua raws li cov tshuaj uas kws kho mob tau sau tseg. Qee zaum cov kev kho mob zoo li no ua rau muaj kev phiv ntau. Txhua tus neeg mob ntshav qab zib yuav tsum paub lawv. Cov teeb meem ntawm kev kho tshuaj insulin yuav tham tom qab.
Yog tias ib tus neeg raug kuaj pom tias muaj teeb meem hauv thaj chaw ntawm carbohydrate metabolism, yuav tsum tau ntsuas ceev. Txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb ntawm kev kho mob hauv qhov no yog kev kho tshuaj insulin rau ntshav qab zib mellitus. Cov teeb meem tuaj yeem tshwm sim rau ntau yam laj thawj.
Txawm li cas los xij, tsis muaj txoj hauv kev zoo dua uas tuaj yeem txhim kho lub neej zoo rau cov neeg mob hom 1. Kev qhia txog cov tshuaj insulin rau hauv lub cev tso cai rau koj los xyuas kom meej qhov xwm txheej ntawm cov neeg mob.
Kev kho tshuaj insulin yog ib txoj hauv kev siv los kho cov neeg mobHom 1 mob ntshav qab zib mellitus, nrog rau thaum lub sijhawm npaj tus neeg mob nrog hom 2 rau kev phais, thaum muaj qee yam kab mob (piv txwv li, mob khaub thuas).
Tsis tas li, cov txheej txheem no kuj tseem siv thaum cov tshuaj hypoglycemic tsis zoo. Lawv raug tshuaj rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib hom 2.
Cov kev kho tau nthuav tawm yuav tsum tau suav cov koob tshuaj insulin kom raug. Rau qhov no, tus neeg mob yuav tsum kuaj ntshav thiab zis. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, tus kws kho mob suav cov nyiaj txhua hnub ntawm cov tshuaj no. Nws muab faib ua 3-4 txhaj tshuaj kom txhaj tshuaj intramuscularly thaum nruab hnub.
Tom qab pib cov tshuaj, tus kws kho mob saib xyuas cov piam thaj hauv tus neeg mob cov ntshav thiab zis. Yog tias tsim nyog, hloov kho. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, ib tus neeg pub ntshav ua ntej txhua qhov kev txhaj tshuaj insulin (zaub mov). Nws kuj khaws cov zis thaum sawv ntxov, tav su thiab hmo ntuj. Nrog rau kev siv tshuaj insulin tsis tsim nyog, cov teeb meem tuaj yeem loj heev. Yog li ntawd, cov txheej txheem ntawm kev qhia cov tshuaj rau hauv lub cev yog siv tiag.
Kev nyuaj siab
Txhua tus neeg uas tau kuaj pom muaj ntshav qab zib hom 1 yuav tsum paub meej cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev kho tshuaj insulin. Teeb meem tshwm sim ntau zaus. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no feem ntau yog qhov txhaum ntawm tus neeg mob nws tus kheej. Nws yog ib qho nyuaj tshwj xeeb kom tau txais kev siv rau lub sijhawm ntawm lub neej thaum pib ntawm tus kab mob. Tab sis dhau sij hawm, cov txheej txheem no tau ua ib txwm muaj, zoo rau tib neeg.
Cov tshuaj hormone yuav tsum tau txhaj rau hauv lub cev thoob plaws lub neej. Nws cov koob tshuaj kom raug yuav zam ntau yam teeb meem. Ntawm qab zibntshav qab zib tsis tuaj yeem so, so ntawm kev kho mob. Kev tswj hwm insulin yog ib txwm xav tau. Nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias nrog ntau qhov ua txhaum cai, muaj teeb meem loj tuaj yeem ua tau. Cov tseem ceeb yog:
- Vim ua ntej qhov muag.
- o ob txhais ceg.
- Lipohypertrophy.
- Lipoatrophy.
- Ntxhais khaus khaus.
- Kev tsis haum.
- Abscess.
- Hypoglycemia.
- Nyob qhov hnyav.
Tam sim no muaj teeb meem tshwm sim los ntawm ntau yam. Nws yuav tsum to taub tias insulin yog cov protein. Nws tsis yog tsim nyob rau hauv tus nqi tsim nyog nyob rau hauv lub cev ntawm tus mob ntshav qab zib hom 1. Yog li ntawd, nws yog tas li muab intramuscularly. Cov neeg mob uas muaj tus kab mob zoo sib xws yog cov tshuaj insulin ntawm ntau lub hauv paus. Nws tuaj yeem yog tsiaj lossis tib neeg.
Nws tsim nyog nco ntsoov tias cov tshuaj hormone insulin tuaj yeem muaj ntau hom. Nws muaj lub sijhawm sib txawv. Koj qhov kev niaj hnub niaj hnub raug kho kom haum rau kev noj tshuaj. Muaj cov insulin homologous, heterologous thiab sib xyaw. Lawv raug tswj hwm lub sijhawm sib txawv, khi cov khoom noj rau cov kev tswj hwm no.
YHypoglycemia
Ib qho teeb meem ntawm kev kho tshuaj insulin yog hypoglycemia. Tus mob no tshwm sim vim yog overdose ntawm cov tshuaj hormones. Hauv qhov no, tus neeg mob ntsib qhov tsis txaus ntawm carbohydrates hauv lub cev. Qee lub sij hawm tom qab txhaj tshuaj, cov ntshav qab zib yuav poob qis heev. Qhov no ua rau kev txhim kho ntawm lub xeev hypoglycemic.
Yog tias tus neeg mob siv cov tshuaj ua haujlwm ntev, nws yuav tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov tshuaj. Thaum noj cov tshuaj hormonessai sai, tus mob no loj hlob sai.
Nws tsim nyog sau cia tias hom teeb meem no hauv kev kho cov tshuaj insulin, xws li hypoglycemia, tuaj yeem tshwm sim tsis yog vim noj cov tshuaj hormones tsis raug. Tom qab ua si kis las, kev tawm dag zog lub cev lossis kev ntxhov siab, nws kuj feem ntau txhim kho.
Hauv cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib, thawj cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob no tuaj yeem tshwm sim ntawm qhov ntsuas ntawm 5.5 mmol / l. Qhov no yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev poob qis hauv cov suab thaj sai. Yog tias qhov poob qis qeeb, ib tus neeg yuav tsis hnov qhov sib txawv ntawm nws txoj kev noj qab haus huv rau lub sijhawm ntev. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav tuaj yeem poob mus rau 2.7 mmol / l.
Txhua tus neeg uas muaj tus kab mob no yuav tsum paub txog qhov txawv txav ntawm nws lub cev thiab cov teeb meem ntawm kev kho tshuaj insulin. Cov tsos mob tseem ceeb ntawm hypoglycemia yog kev tshaib kev nqhis heev, palpitations, tshee hnyo, thiab tawm hws. Yog tias tsis muaj carbohydrates nce, cramps yuav tshwm sim. Tus neeg yuav tsis nco qab.
Yuav coj li cas nrog hypoglycemia?
Tiv thaiv cov teeb meem ntawm kev kho tshuaj insulin cuam tshuam, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho, kev paub txog qhov ua rau pom ntawm ntau yam mob thiab kev tawm tsam lawv.
Yog tias tus neeg xav tias nws cov piam thaj poob qis, koj yuav tsum tau noj cov zaub mov me me ntawm carbohydrates. Nws tuaj yeem yog 100 g ntawm muffin, tshuaj yej qab zib lossis 3-4 pieces ntawm refined qab zib. Qee tus neeg uas muaj tus kab mob no ib txwm nqa khoom qab zib hauv lawv lub hnab los yog hnab ris. Qhov no yog ib qho kev ntsuas.kev ceev faj uas tej zaum yuav cawm tau txoj sia.
Yog tias tsis muaj kev txhim kho tom qab noj zaub mov carbohydrate, noj tib yam khoom qab zib.
Txwv tsis pub, tus neeg yuav nkag mus rau hauv lub cev tsis muaj zog. Qhov no yuav xav tau kev pab los ntawm kws kho mob. Pab neeg tsheb thauj neeg mob tau txhaj tshuaj intravenously 60 ml ntawm kev daws (40%) ntawm qabzib. Qhov no tso cai rau koj kom ruaj khov tus neeg mob tus mob. Yog tias tsis muaj kev txhim kho, tom qab 10 feeb kev txhaj tshuaj yog rov ua subcutaneously.
Yog tias ib tus neeg nyob hauv thaj chaw deb ntawm lub nroog, qhov chaw tsheb thauj neeg mob tuaj yeem mus txog ntau dua 20 feeb, nws yuav tsum muaj txhua yam tsim nyog nyob hauv tsev thaum muaj tus mob hypoglycemic coma. Cov txheeb ze yuav tsum tau kawm cov kev qhia txog cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav. Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb.
Hypoglycemia tuaj yeem ua rau tuag yog tias tsis ua raws sijhawm. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog feem ntau, xws li kev ua txhaum cai tshwm sim hauv cov neeg laus uas muaj mob plawv, hlab ntsha lossis hlwb. Yog tias cov piam thaj poob ntau zaus, qhov no yuav ua rau kev txhim kho ntawm kev puas siab puas ntsws pathologies. Kev nco thiab kev txawj ntse yog deterioration.
Insulin
Ib qho teeb meem ntawm kev kho cov tshuaj insulin yog qhov txo qis ntawm cov cell mus rau cov tshuaj hormones. Tus mob no tshwm sim rau ntau yam. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, tus neeg mob tsim cov tshuaj insulin. Hauv qhov no, qhov koob tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj yog nce. Txhawm rau kom them nyiaj rau qhov tsis muaj cov tshuaj hormones, qhov koob tshuaj ntawm 100-200 units ntawm insulin yog xav tau.
ZooQhov sib txawv yuav tshwm sim vim qhov txo qis ntawm tus lej lossis kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov receptors hauv lub cev. Cov mob no feem ntau yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau cov tshuaj hormones lossis rau cov receptors lawv tus kheej.
Insulin tsis kam tshwm sim, raws li txoj cai, vim muaj protein ntau los ntawm qee cov enzymes lossis nws txoj kev khi los ntawm kev tiv thaiv kab mob.
Kev nkag siab rau cov tshuaj yuav txo qis nrog kev tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv-insulin ntau ntxiv.
Yuav kom sau tshuaj kho kom raug, tus kws kho mob yuav tsum paub qhov tseeb ntawm qhov ua rau tus mob no. Thaum kuaj pom, cov tsos mob ntawm cov kab mob sib kis (piv txwv li, sinusitis, cholecystitis, thiab lwm yam) raug tshem tawm. Kev soj ntsuam ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov qog endocrine kuj tau ua. Tus kws kho mob yuav hloov hom inulin. Qee zaum kev kho mob ntxiv nrog cov tshuaj uas pab txo cov piam thaj hauv lub cev.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom raug txheeb xyuas qhov ua rau muaj teeb meem ntawm kev kho tshuaj insulin. Kev siv cov glucocorticoids tau qhia hauv qee kis. Cov koob tshuaj insulin txhua hnub yog nce. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, tus neeg mob siv prednisolone (1 mg / kg) rau 10 hnub. Tom qab ntawd, raws li qhov xwm txheej ntawm tus neeg mob, koob tshuaj txo qis.
Qee zaum, tus kws kho mob tau sau cov tshuaj sulfated insulin rau tus neeg mob. Cov tshuaj tsis hnov mob nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, yuav luag tsis ua rau muaj kev fab tshuaj. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los kho cov koob tshuaj ntawm hom tshuaj hormones no.
Kev tsis haum
Qhov no yog lwm qhov teeb meem uas feem ntau tshwm sim los ntawm kev kho. Kev ua xua tuaj yeem ua rau hauv zos thiab dav dav.
Hauv qhov thib ob, urticaria tshwm sim ntawm lub ntsej muag thiab caj dab. Tej zaum yuav muaj xeev siab, yaig ntawm cov mucous ntawm lub qhov ntswg, qhov muag thiab qhov ncauj. Qee zaum anaphylactic shock tshwm sim.
Ib qho teeb meem hauv zos ntawm kev kho tshuaj insulin yog tshwm sim los ntawm qhov mob thiab khaus khaus hauv qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj. Hardenings tuaj yeem txhais tau ntawm no. Ib qho xwm txheej zoo sib xws feem ntau yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj tsis raug (lub koob yog blunt lossis tuab, tus neeg sawv cev txias).
Cov xwm txheej zoo li no xav tau hloov hom insulin. Koj tuaj yeem hloov cov chaw tsim khoom ntawm cov tshuaj hormones lossis hloov los ntawm cov tshuaj tsiaj rau tib neeg. Kev ua xua feem ntau yog ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm lub cev tsis yog rau cov tshuaj hormones, tab sis rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hauv nws cov muaj pes tsawg leeg. Cov khoom xyaw ntxiv ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj tuaj yeem sib txawv heev. Yog li, nws tsim nyog sim ua lwm hom insulin.
Yog tias cov tshuaj tsis tuaj yeem hloov tau, siv ntau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ua xua. Nrog cov ntaub ntawv me me ntawm cov teeb meem, "Hydrocortisone" yog qhov tsim nyog. Hauv cov xwm txheej hnyav, Calcium Chloride, Dimedrol, Suprastin, thiab lwm yam.
Lipodystrophy
Xav txog qhov teeb meem ntawm kev kho tshuaj insulin hauv cov menyuam yaus thiab cov neeg laus, nws tsim nyog sau cia cov xwm txheej xws li lipodystrophy. Nws tuaj yeem yog hypertrophic lossis atrophic.
Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub thib ob, cov kab mob tshwm sim tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm kev mob hypertrophy. Cov kws tshawb fawb tsis paub txog qee yam ntawm kev txhim kho ntawm cov xwm txheej zoo li no. Qee tus ntawm lawv ntseeg hais tias cov kev sib txawv no tshwm sim vim kev raug mob tas mus li rau cov hlab ntsha ntawm lub periphery thiab lwm yam kev mob hauv zos ntawm hom neurotrophic. Cov kev ua txhaum cai no yuav tshwm sim vim kev huv tsis txausCov tshuaj insulin.
Peb yuav tsum hloov mus rau kev noj cov tshuaj monocomponent. Hauv qhov no, qhov tsis zoo tshwm sim raug txo. Koj kuj yuav tsum txhaj tshuaj kom raug.
insulin tsis kam feem ntau tsim tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm lipodystrophy. Yog tias muaj kev pheej hmoo rau cov xwm txheej zoo li no, koj yuav tsum hloov pauv qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj tas li, ua raws txhua txoj cai ntawm kev kho tshuaj insulin. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tshuaj hormones nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yuav tsum tau diluted nyob rau hauv ib tug sib npaug zos npaum li cas nrog ib tug tov (0.5%) ntawm novocaine.
Daim npog ua ntej ob lub qhov muag, khaus, pob, abscess
Cov teeb meem ntawm kev kho tshuaj insulin tuaj yeem sib txawv heev. Qee lub sij hawm cov neeg yws tias vim yog cov tshuaj lawv muaj daim ntaub thaiv ua ntej lawv ob lub qhov muag. Qhov no ua rau tsis xis nyob, nws nyuaj rau nyeem txhua yam. Cov mob no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab loj. Cov tsos mob no feem ntau tsis meej pem nrog retinopathy (kev puas tsuaj rau pob nyiaj).
Tab sis daim ntaub thaiv feem ntau yog tshwm sim los ntawm qhov peculiarities ntawm refraction ntawm lub lens. Nov yog qhov nws hnov qab noj tshuaj. Daim ntaub thaiv ua ntej lub qhov muag tshwm nyob rau hauv cov neeg uas nyuam qhuav pib noj cov tshuaj hormones. Tom qab 2-3 lub lis piam, cov tsos mob no yuav dhau mus rau nws tus kheej. Tsis muaj teeb meem koj yuav tsum tsis txhob txhaj tshuaj thaum muaj cov tsos mob zoo sib xws.
Taw yuav o thaum noj tshuaj insulin. Qhov no kuj yog ib qho tsos mob ib ntus uas tshwm sim hauv thawj lub lim tiam ntawm kev tswj hwm tshuaj. Sodium thiab dej tau khaws cia hauv lub cev vim yog cov tshuaj hormones. Maj mam, lub cev yuav tau siv rau cov xwm txheej tshiab. Qhov o yuav ploj mus. Vim tib yam, ntshav siab tuaj yeem nce thaum pib kho.
Ntawm qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj, qee qhovCov neeg mob tuaj yeem ua pob liab liab. Lawv ua rau tsis xis nyob heev. Hauv qhov no, cov tshuaj yog tov nrog hydrocortisone. Yav dhau los, qee cov neeg mob tau sau tseg qhov tshwm sim no thaum noj cov tshuaj insulin ua abscess. Niaj hnub no, xws li pathology xyaum tsis tshwm sim.
Lwm deviations
Muaj lwm yam teeb meem ntawm kev kho tshuaj insulin. Ib qho ntawm qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo yog qhov hnyav nce sai. Cov neeg mob uas noj cov tshuaj hormone nce qhov nruab nrab ntawm 3-5 kg. Nws zoo li qub. Kev noj cov tshuaj insulin ua rau cov txheej txheem ntawm lipogenesis (rog tsim nyob rau hauv daim tawv nqaij). Tsis tas li, qhov qab los yuav nce ntxiv.
Txhawm rau khaws daim duab, koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo xaiv cov khoom noj. Kev noj zaub mov ntau zaus, nws cov ntsiab lus calorie yuav tsum tau tswj. Txwv tsis pub, nws yuav cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau lub cev, tab sis kuj rau kev noj qab nyob zoo. Ntau yam pathologies yuav tshwm sim, tshwm sim los ntawm qhov hnyav nce.
Nws tseem tsim nyog sau cia tias kev noj tshuaj insulin ua rau txo cov poov tshuaj hauv cov ntshav. Yog li ntawd, cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib tau pom cov khoom noj tshwj xeeb. Berries, citrus txiv hmab txiv ntoo, zaub ntsuab (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog parsley), zaub (dos, cabbage, radishes) yuav tsum tau ntxiv rau cov ntawv qhia zaub mov. Tus cwj pwm ua lub luag haujlwm rau koj txoj haujlwm niaj hnub, kev noj haus thiab cov cai ntawm kev tswj hwm cov tshuaj insulin, koj tuaj yeem txo qhov kev tsis zoo ntawm kev kho lub cev.
Kev Tiv Thaiv
Txhua tus neeg mob ntshav qab zib yuav tsum paub yuav ua li cas tiv thaiv cov teeb meem ntawm kev kho tshuaj insulin. Koj yuav tsum ua raws li ntau txoj cai yooj yim. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los saib xyuas cov qib ntawm cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav tas li. Qhov no ua tiav tom qab noj mov. Cov ntsuas yog tsau. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov seb puas muaj lub cevlos yog kev nyuaj siab. Cov kab mob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov ua npaws lossis mob, yuav tsum tau sau tseg thaum kho cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev ntsuas cov suab thaj.
koob tshuaj insulin yuav tsum tau kho nrog koj tus kws kho mob. Tib lub sijhawm, lawv ua raws li kev noj zaub mov tshwj xeeb. Koj tuaj yeem saib xyuas koj cov qib qab zib nrog cov ntawv xeem. Lawv yog immersed nyob rau hauv cov zis, thiab ces qhov tshwm sim yog muab piv nrog rau kev tswj teb. Kev kuaj ntshav yog qhov tseeb dua, tab sis cov ntawv xeem siv tau yooj yim dua hauv tsev. Koj tuaj yeem yuav glucometer. Nws yuav tso cai rau koj kom tau txais cov txiaj ntsig tseeb txog lub xeev ntawm ib tus neeg ntawm lub sijhawm ntawm hnub.
Tus mob ntshav qab zib yuav tsum saib nws lub cev hnyav. Qhov hnyav tshaj yuav tsum tau kho tam sim.
Los ntawm kev txiav txim siab qhov teeb meem ntawm kev kho tshuaj insulin, koj tuaj yeem txiav txim siab lawv qhov muaj nyob rau theem pib. Los ntawm kev ua raws li cov cai meej rau kev noj tshuaj, koj tuaj yeem zam ntau yam tsis zoo rau yav tom ntej.
