Lub tympanic membrane yog ib daim nyias nyias nyias uas cais lub pob ntseg nruab nrab ntawm cov kwj dej sab nraud. Nws lub hom phiaj yog xa cov suab vibrations ntawm ib puag ncig mus rau hauv pob ntseg thiab tiv thaiv nws los ntawm cov khoom txawv teb chaws. Hauv cov neeg laus, nws muaj cov duab ntawm lub oval nrog qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm ib centimeter, thaum cov menyuam yaus nws yuav luag puag ncig.
Kev puas tsuaj lossis tawg ntawm pob ntseg
Cov daim nyias nyias nyias nyias nyias nyias nyias nyias pob ntseg thiab nruab nrab yog qee zaum raug mob. Kev raug mob tuaj yeem tshwm sim raws li hemorrhages hauv daim nyias nyias, rupture ntawm cov hlab ntsha, thiab feem ntau cov kab nrib pleb thiab qhov yog tsim.
Tus mob no ua rau tsis hnov lus. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev puas tsuaj rau pob ntseg ua rau muaj kab mob ntawm pob ntseg nruab nrab. Membrane puas tsis xav tau kev kho mob, kev kho mob tshwm sim ntawm nws tus kheej tom qab ob peb lub lis piam, tshwj tsis yog cov teeb meem nyuaj heev, thaum lawv rov qab los ntawm kev kho mob lossis kev phais.
Kev puas tsuaj
Muaj ntau ntau yam ua rau ua txhaum ntawm kev ncaj ncees ntawm daim nyias nyias:
- Cov txheej txheem mob hauv pob ntseg nruab nrab - muaj cov kua dej tso tawm, feem ntau muaj cov kua paug thiab tsis muaj qhov ntws tawm vim qhov thaiv ntawm Eustachian raj. Nws siv lub siab thiab maj mam ua rau lub pob ntseg puas.
- Kev tawm tsam - kev hloov pauv ntawm huab cua sai sai thaum tso rau hauv lub cev dej lossis nce ntawm nws, tshem tawm thiab tsaws lub dav hlau, txham nrog pinched qhov ntswg, ntaus pob ntseg nrog xib teg ntawm koj txhais tes.
- Air concussions - lub suab nrov thiab nrov tuaj yeem ua tsis tau tsuas yog ua rau pob ntseg puas xwb, tab sis qee zaum ua rau pob ntseg nruab nrab.
- Thaum hlawv los ntawm cov kua kub lossis cov tshuaj caustic. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, tsis tsuas yog lub membrane raug cuam tshuam, tab sis kuj lub mucous daim nyias nyias ntawm nruab nrab pob ntseg.
- raug mob taub hau - hauv tsev, thaum sib ntaus sib tua, hauv kev sib tsoo - ua rau lub pob ntseg tawg.
- Kev raug mob ntawm lub cev txawv teb chaws - thaum xaiv pob ntseg nrog ib qho sib tw, hairpin, thaum menyuam yaus thawb hlaws, pebbles thiab lwm yam khoom rau hauv pob ntseg.
Kev faib kev puas tsuaj
Rau kev kho kom raug, txhua qhov kev raug mob pob ntseg raug cais los ntawm:
- thaj chaw qhov txhab - ib feem ntawm qhov chaw puas yog faib los ntawm tag nrho thaj chaw ntawm daim nyias nyias (1/3, 3/4, 1/2, thiab lwm yam);
- gap shape - dotted, round, slit-like, with jagged edges;
- degrees ntawm rupture - ua tiav avulsion, rupture raws tag nrho qhov siab, punctate perforation ntawm lub tympanic membrane.
Txhua yam saum toj no tus kws kho mob coj mus rau hauv tus account thaum twgsau ib txoj kev kho thiab tiv thaiv qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev raug mob.
Symptoms
Kev mob rau pob ntseg yog nrog los ntawm qee yam tsos mob. Nov yog:
- mob siab. Lawv tshwm sim tam sim ntawd tom qab qhov tsos ntawm ib qho tsis xws luag hauv daim nyias nyias. Thaum nws tawg, qhov kev xav tsis zoo ntawm "draft" tshwm sim thaum nqus tau thiab exhalation. Kev mob tsis kav ntev.
- tso tawm ntawm pob ntseg - ntshav, purulent lossis meej - tshwm sim nrog kev raug mob hnyav.
- tsis hnov lus.
- Tinnitus.
- kiv taub hau.
- Ntaus thiab ntuav.
Qhov hnyav ntawm cov cim qhia ntawm perforation ntawm lub tympanic membrane nyob ntawm seb qhov kev puas tsuaj. Yog tias cov tsos mob no tshwm sim los ntawm pob ntseg raug mob, koj yuav tsum tau sab laj nrog kws kho mob kom tau txais kev kho mob raws sij hawm thiab kev txuag kev hnov lus.
Diagnosis
txhawm rau kuaj xyuas kev puas tsuaj rau daim nyias nyias hauv pob ntseg, siv txoj hauv kev sib xyaw ua ke, rau qhov no nws tau ua tiav:
- Kev nug ntawm tus neeg raug tsim txom - nws hloov tawm raws li qhov xwm txheej raug mob tshwm sim, tus neeg mob cov lus tsis txaus siab tau mloog.
- Kev kuaj sab nraud - pab txhawm rau txheeb xyuas qhov kev puas tsuaj rau lwm qhov ntawm lub cev thiab cov nqaij mos.
- Kev kuaj pob ntseg siv daim iav thiab lub ntsej muag lossis nrog lub ntsej muag otoscope. Tus kws kho mob soj ntsuam thaj tsam ntawm kev puas tsuaj thiab qhov xwm txheej ntawm kev ua txhaum ntawm kev ncaj ncees ntawm lub pob ntseg. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus kws kho mob tshuaj xyuas qhov ntswg qhov ntswg thiab qhov ncauj kab noj hniav kom ntsuas qhov ncaj ncees thiab patency ntawm Eustachian raj.
- Kev kuaj ntshav dav dav kom kuaj pom qhov mob.
- X-ray ntawm pob txha taub hau raug ua.
- BNyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej nyuaj, lub taub hau tomography yog sau.
Tom qab txheeb xyuas qhov ua tau thiab ua kev tshawb fawb, kev kho lub pob ntseg raug tshuaj.
txoj kev kho
Thaum muaj kev puas tsuaj me me rau pob ntseg, tsis tas yuav kho, nws kho nws tus kheej hauv ob peb lub lis piam. Slit-shaped ruptures, uas ua rau tsis ntau tshaj li ib feem peb ntawm cov saum npoo ntawm daim nyias nyias, kho sai tshaj plaws. Tus neeg mob tau qhia kom nyob twj ywm thiab tsis txhob ua cov txheej txheem hauv pob ntseg. Hauv lwm qhov xwm txheej, ob txoj kev kho mob yog siv rau kev tawg ntawm daim nyias nyias: kev kho mob thiab phais.
Tshuaj kho mob
Nws yog siv thaum lub pob ntseg tawg me me tshwm sim. Tus kws kho mob maj mam ntxuav lub auricle los ntawm cov ntshav txhaws thiab cov khoom txawv teb chaws nrog paj rwb swab. Tom qab ntawd nws kho cov npoo ntawm kev puas tsuaj nrog cawv los tiv thaiv kev mob. Lub qhov txhab huv yog kaw nrog ib daim ntawv thaj. Ob peb hnub tom qab nws raug hloov nrog ib qho tshiab. Yuav kom kho tau tiav, koj yuav tau ua txog plaub qhov txheej txheem. Qee zaum cov npoo ntawm lub qhov txhab yog cauterized nrog nyiaj nitrate lossis chromic acid. Cov tshuaj tua kab mob tau qhia los tiv thaiv kev txhim kho ntawm cov txheej txheem inflammatory.
kho mob phais
Yog tias lub tympanic membrane tawg, thiab qhov chaw puas tsuaj nyob hauv thaj chaw tseem ceeb, lossis yog tias qhov tawg tsis tau kho nrog kev kho mob, ces lawv mus rau kev phais thiab ua myringoplasty. Kev ua haujlwm yog ua raws li kev siv tshuaj loog. Muab ib daim tawv nqaij me mepob ntseg ntawm tus neeg raug tsim txom, nrog kev pab los ntawm ib tug saj zawg zog endoscope yog superimposed ntawm lub qhov nyob rau hauv daim nyias nyias thiab sewn nrog nws tus kheej-absorbable threads. Lub pob ntseg kwj dej yog kaw nrog ib tug swab moistened nrog ib tug antibacterial neeg sawv cev. Tom qab kev phais ntawm lub pob ntseg, tus neeg mob yuav hnov mob thiab tsis xis nyob. Rau kev kho kom zoo, tus neeg mob raug qhia kom tsis txhob ua kom ntse retractions nrog lub qhov ntswg thiab tsis txhob tshuab koj lub qhov ntswg los tiv thaiv kev hloov ntawm lub siab ntawm daim nyias nyias. Yog tias tsis ua raws li cov cai no, thaj chaw yuav raug tshem tawm. Tom qab kev phais, qhov kev kwv yees hauv feem ntau yog qhov zoo. Qhov tshwj xeeb yog cov xwm txheej thaum kev kho mob pib lig, thiab tus kab mob tswj tau nkag mus rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg sib sib zog nqus.
pneumatic massage
Thaum muaj kab mob pob ntseg, kev kho mob nyuaj yog siv nrog kev siv tshuaj kho mob, kev phais thiab kev kho neeg pej xeem, nrog rau cov txheej txheem kho lub cev. Pneumomassage ntawm lub tympanic membrane yog siv los txhawb nws cov kev co, uas ua rau kom cov leeg nqaij. Txhawm rau ua cov txheej txheem, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tshwj xeeb lossis cov cuab yeej siv tshuab tau siv, thaum lub sijhawm huab cua ntws nrog qhov sib txawv cuam tshuam rau cov leeg uas txav cov membrane. Nyob hauv tsev, cua tshuab yog siv lub xib teg ntawm koj txhais tes. Kev kho mob pab tshem tawm cov zais zis, tshem tawm qhov mob thiab ntxiv dag zog rau pob ntseg. Cov txheej txheem yog pom zoo nyob rau hauv thawj theem ntawm cov txheej txheem inflammatory nyob rau hauv nruab nrab pob ntseg thiab nyob rau hauv lub Eustachian raj, thaum lub sij hawm tshem tawm tom qab mob cov txheej txheem thiab nyob rau hauv lub postoperative lub sij hawm. Nrog barotrauma los yog purulent tawm ntawm pob ntseg, daim nyias nyias tsis massaged. Txhawm rau ua pneumomassage, tsis muajtsis muaj kev txawj tshwj xeeb. Lub apparatus teem lub amplitude, oscillation zaus, lub sij hawm ntawm tus txheej txheem. Lub raj muag muag txuas nrog lub cuab yeej tau muab tso rau hauv lub auricle, thiab lub cuab yeej qhib. Txhua pob ntseg yog massaged nyob rau hauv lem rau 1-3 feeb, feem ntau yog ua 10 zaug. Tom qab pneumomassage ntawm lub tympanic membrane, cov kev hloov zoo hauv qab no tau sau tseg:
- ntxiv dag zog rau cov leeg nqaij cuam tshuam nrog daim nyias nyias;
- nce elasticity ntawm daim nyias nyias;
- scars ploj thiab adhesions yaj;
- tiv thaiv tsis hnov lus;
- txhim kho cov dej ntws tawm ntawm cov kua dej.
Ntxiv rau, raws li cov txheej txheem, cov ntshav ncig tau qhib thiab cov txheej txheem metabolic tau txhim kho.
Eardrum tsis ua haujlwm hauv menyuam yaus
Cov menyuam yaus tsis tuaj yeem pom qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov tshwm sim thiab ua rau lub pob ntseg puas tuaj yeem:
- khoom me me tso rau hauv pob ntseg;
- nrog paj rwb swab thaum sim ntxuav lawv pob ntseg.
Ntxiv rau, qhov tsis xws luag hauv pob ntseg tshwm sim thaum:
- khaub thuas nrog otitis media;
- dav hlau takeoffs thiab tsaws thaum mus nrog niam txiv;
- hnyav suab cuam tshuam;
- burns;
- raug tshuaj;
- raug mob taub hau.
Txhua yam kab mob tympanic membrane ua rau cov tsos mob ntawm tus menyuam tam sim ntawd. Tam sim ntawd nws rub nws pob ntseg thiab tawg mus rau hauv nrov quaj. Tsuas yogmob ntse, tsis hnov lus, lethargy, chills, ntuav, kub taub hau thiab malaise. Hauv qhov no, tus menyuam yuav tsum tau mus ntsib kws kho mob sai li sai tau kom tsis txhob muaj qhov tshwm sim loj.
Kev kho mob pob ntseg ntawm cov menyuam yaus
Tom qab ua kev tshawb fawb thiab kuaj mob, tus kws kho mob tau sau cov kev kho mob, uas suav nrog:
- Tshuaj kho mob. Nws suav nrog tshuaj tua kab mob, vitamin complexes, tshuaj pleev, tee, thiab qee zaum tshuaj kho pej xeem.
- Kev kho lub cev yog nqa tawm siv electrophoresis, magnetotherapy, UHF, laser, massage.
- Phytotherapy. Lawv siv vitamin teas thiab decoctions los ntxiv dag zog rau lub cev, ua kom sov compresses.
- Kev noj haus. Khoom noj khoom haus kom zoo txhawb tus menyuam txoj kev tiv thaiv thiab pab kom rov zoo sai sai ntawm kev mob.
Tus kws kho mob xaiv cov kev kho mob uas tsim nyog rau tus kheej rau txhua tus menyuam. Tus menyuam mos uas lub pob ntseg tawg feem ntau yuav tsum tau kho nrog cov tshuaj uas yuav tsum tau kho lub cev. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, cov tsos mob ntawm kev puas tsuaj sai sai ploj, thiab daim nyias nyias rov qab zoo dua. Qee zaum, nrog kev puas tsuaj loj rau daim nyias nyias, koj yuav tsum tau mus rau kev cuam tshuam kev phais.
Kev kho mob nrog pej xeem tshuaj
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv pej xeem rau kev ua txhaum ntawm pob ntseg tsuas yog siv los ntawm kws kho mob cov lus qhia. Lawv tsis tuaj yeem hloov cov tshuaj qub thiab siv los ua kev kho mob ntxiv. Yuav kom kho tau sai, nws raug nquahu kom siv ntau cov khoom siv hauv qhov twgmuaj cov vitamins thiab minerals:
- zaub thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo;
- greens;
- tincture ntawm hawthorn thiab qus sawv;
- Citrus thiab qab zib txiv hmab txiv ntoo yuav tsum nyiam.
Propolis tincture, kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo, koob ntoo thuv yog siv los moisten turundas.
Kev nyuaj siab
Cov teeb meem tshwm sim tom qab tawg ntawm daim nyias nyias hauv pob ntseg suav nrog cov hauv qab no:
- Tsis hnov lus - nyob ntawm qhov loj thiab qhov chaw ntawm kev puas tsuaj. Feem ntau nws yog ib qho tshwm sim ib ntus. Kev hnov lus rov qab los nrog kev kho ntawm qhov perforation. Txawm li cas los xij, kev puas tsuaj loj tuaj yeem ua rau tsis hnov lus ib nrab.
- Otitis media - dhau ntawm qhov qhib, yog tias tsis ua raws li cov cai ntawm kev kho mob saum npoo av nrog cov tshuaj tua kab mob, tus kab mob nkag mus rau hauv nruab nrab pob ntseg. Cov txheej txheem inflammatory uas tau pib cuam tshuam txog kev hnov lus zoo.
- Nrab pob ntseg cyst - nws tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm cov hlwb tuag ntawm cov epithelium ntawm pob ntseg kwj dej. Xws li kev tsim tuaj yeem ua rau pob ntseg nruab nrab puas tsuaj.
Txhua yam txawv txav tom qab lub pob ntseg perforated yuav tsum nrhiav kev kho mob.
YContraindications
Yog tias qhov kev ncaj ncees ntawm lub pob ntseg hauv pob ntseg tawg thiab mob tshwm sim, nws tsis pom zoo:
- tshem tawm lub cev txawv teb chaws, cov ntshav txhaws thiab cov kua paug los ntawm peb tus kheej;
- yuav tsum ntxuav nrog dej;
- sov hauv da dej, sauna, cua sov ncoo lossis compress.
Nws raug nquahu kom cov neeg mob tsis kam taug kev los ntawm huab cua, dhia tawmskydiving, dhia dej, mloog suab paj nruag nrog lub mloog pob ntseg.
Kev Tiv Thaiv
Kev tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob tawg ntawm pob ntseg yog raws li hauv qab no:
- kho mob khaub thuas;
- tsis txhob txias;
- mus ntsib kws kho mob ntawm thawj lub cim ntawm otitis media;
- tsis txhob siv cov khoom ntse los ntxuav pob ntseg;
- tiv thaiv koj pob ntseg los ntawm lub suab hnyav;
- tsis npaj yuav ya nrog pob ntseg;
- tsis txhob mloog suab nrov, tshwj xeeb nrog lub mloog pob ntseg;
- thaum lub sijhawm tawm mus thiab tsaws ntawm huab cua thauj, nqus lub lollipop lossis qhib koj lub qhov ncauj.
Yog tias koj mob pob ntseg, koj yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob otorhinolaryngologist. Nrog rau qhov tsis xws luag hauv lub pob ntseg, koj tsis tuaj yeem kho tus kheej, qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo. Siv cov tshuaj pej xeem tsuas yog raws li kev pom zoo ntawm tus kws kho mob. Nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias txoj kev kho raws sij hawm thiab raug ua kom rov qab los ntawm pob ntseg thiab khaws kev hnov lus.
