Platelets yog cov qe ntshav me me uas tsis muaj xim. Lawv ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv lub cev: lawv koom nrog hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm cov kua roj ntsha lom, txwv tsis pub los ntshav thiab txhawb cov phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha. Vim lub gluing ntawm cov qe ntshav, uas tsim ib hom ntsaws rau ntawm phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha puas, cov ntshav tsis nres. Platelet aggregation - nws txhais li cas thiab nws ua haujlwm li cas hauv lub cev? Cia peb saib hauv qab no.
Lub luag haujlwm ntawm platelets hauv cov ntshav txhaws
Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm platelets yog los tiv thaiv kev poob ntshav loj thaum muaj qhov txhab. Qhov no tshwm sim raws li hauv qab no: yog tias kev ncaj ncees ntawm lub nkoj raug ua txhaum, platelets tau txais lub teeb liab thiab raug xa mus rau qhov chaw ntawm kev puas tsuaj. Tom qab ntawd, lawv pib nquag ua ke nrog ib leeg, thaiv thiab kho cov phab ntsa puas ntawm lub nkoj. Cov txheej txheem no hu ua platelet aggregation. Ib tug neeg lub neej muaj peev xwm qee zaum nyob ntawm qhov ceev ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no.
Yog tias cov txheej txheem sib sau ua ke tiv thaiv cov ntshav poob hauv cov ntaub so ntswg puas, nws txhais tau tias platelets ua lub luag haujlwm tiv thaiv. Tab sis nws tshwm sim tias vim li cas thiaj li muaj qhov nce hauv platelet aggregation, uas tuaj yeem ua rau tag nrho cov hlab ntsha ntawm lub cev tseem ceeb thiab lub cev. Tus mob no yog pathological, vim nws tuaj yeem ua rau muaj mob hnyav rau lub cev, thiab qee zaum, hem lub neej.
Yam kev sib sau
Hauv tshuaj, platelet aggregation tau muab faib ua hom hauv qab no:
- Txuag. Hom no tau pom thaum muaj kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo hauv cov hlab ntsha. Tej zaum yuav ua rau muaj ntau yam los ntshav. Thiab kuj txo platelet aggregation tshwm sim thaum cev xeeb tub. Ib qho tshwj xeeb ntawm hypoaggregation yuav los ntshav cov pos hniav, ntau qhov nqaij ntuag thiab qhov txhab uas kho tau ntev dua li niaj zaus.
- Txhawj xeeb. Ua kom muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm thrombosis. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum lub cev qhuav dej los ntawm tshav kub, ntuav lossis haus dej tsis txaus. Cov tsos mob tshwm sim los ntawm o thiab loog ntawm cov extremities.
- Kev sib sau nruab nrab. Hom no yog ib yam rau cov poj niam thaum lub sij hawm yug me nyuam. Hu tiv thaiv keeb kwm yav dhau ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm placental ncig.
- Ntseeg. Kev soj ntsuam tsis tas siv cov platelet aggregation inducer. Cov ntshav venous tau muab tso rau hauv lub raj ntsuas, thiab tom qab ntawd nws tau rhaub rau 37 degrees hauv ib qho khoom tshwj xeeb.
- Induced aggregation. Txoj kev no yog dav siv los kuaj ntshav pathologies. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, qee qhov inductorCov tshuaj - collagen, ristomycin, adrenaline, ADP.
Txoj kev txiav txim siab sib sau
Txoj hauv kev los txiav txim siab qhov txawv txav hauv cov ntshav txhaws yog kev sim kuaj. Rau qhov kev tshuaj ntsuam no, feem ntau, tus neeg mob cov ntshav venous yog siv. Tab sis rau kev tshawb fawb ntau dua ntawm platelet aggregation, lwm yam kev sim kuj tau siv. Cov no suav nrog kev sim raws li Sukharev, raws li Lee-White thiab coagulogram.
Rau lawv qhov kev siv, ib qho cuab yeej tshwj xeeb yog siv - tus ntsuas ntawm platelet aggregation. Cheebtsam uas zoo sib xws nyob rau hauv muaj pes tsawg leeg rau cov tshuaj koom nyob rau hauv lub tsim ntawm cov ntshav txhaws yog tov nrog venous ntshav. Cov inducers ntawm platelet aggregation ua rau cov txheej txheem tsim nyog rau kev kawm.
Kev qhia rau kev teem caij kawm
Nws raug pom zoo kom dhau qhov kev tshuaj ntsuam rau qib ntawm kev sib sau kom sai li sai tau hauv cov xwm txheej hauv qab no:
- yog tias kev sim yav dhau los pom tias muaj qhov tsis sib xws;
- nrog kev nyiam thrombosis;
- yog tias koj txhawj xeeb txog qhov ntshav txhaws;
- cev xeeb tub nrog teeb meem;
- puffiness ntau dhau;
- hnyav lub sijhawm;
- varicose leeg;
- nrog cov pos hniav los ntshav;
- kev muaj menyuam;
- missed cev xeeb tub lossis nchuav menyuam;
- kev mob plawv ntawm lub hlwb;
- nws raug nquahu kom kuaj qhov no ua ntej kev phais thiab ua ntej noj tshuaj hormonal.
Npaj rau kev kuaj ntshav
Tau xajTxhawm rau kuaj ntshav platelet aggregation thiab tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws, koj yuav tsum tau ua qee yam kev npaj ua ntej cov txheej txheem kuaj ntshav. Nws yuav suav nrog cov haujlwm hauv qab no:
- Aspirin yuav tsum zam ib lub lim tiam ua ntej kev tshuaj ntsuam, vim nws tuaj yeem txo cov ntshav txhaws. Yog tias nws tsis tuaj yeem thim cov tshuaj, nws yuav tsum tau ceeb toom rau tus kws kuaj mob txog qhov no.
- Hais txog ib hnub ua ntej qhov txheej txheem, cov khoom noj rog thiab ntsim yuav tsum raug cais tawm ntawm kev noj haus.
- Cov zaub mov kawg yuav tsum yog 12 teev ua ntej kev xeem.
- Muab cov qij, dos, kas fes thiab cawv rau ib hnub, thiab koj tsis tuaj yeem haus luam yeeb thaum lub sijhawm no.
- Tus neeg mob yuav tsum tsum tso tseg kev ua si thiab tsis txhob siv lub cev hnyav hauv 2 hnub.
- Nyob zoo thiab kaj siab thaum lub sijhawm pub ntshav.
- Koj tsis tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas qhov muaj mob hauv lub cev.
Transcript of results
Cov qauv ntawm platelet aggregation yuav nyob ntawm seb qhov kev txhawb nqa tau coj los rau txoj kev kawm.
Nyob hauv qab no yog cov txiaj ntsig ib txwm tawm tsam qhov txiaj ntsig tau muab piv rau hauv kev kuaj ntshav.
| Inductor | Aggregation rate, % |
| 35–92 | |
| ADF | 31–78 |
| collagen | 46, 5–93 |
Tus nqi ntawm platelets hauv cov neeg laus thiab menyuam yaus sib txawv me ntsis. Hauv qab no yog ib daim ntawv teev cov ntshav platelet suav.
| hnub nyoog | mus txog 1 xyoos | Txog 1 xyoos txog 4 | 15-18 xyoo | txiv neej | Nyob | |
| Indicators, x10^9/l | 100–420 | 160–320 | 150–300 | 180–340 | 180–400 | 150–380 |
Txhob sib sau ua ke
Yog tias qhov ntsuas tau pom tias muaj cov txheej txheem sib sau ua ke, kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov ntshav txhaws yuav nce ntxiv. Cov ntshav hauv qhov no dhau los ua tuab, uas yog qhov txaus ntshai heev uas yuav tsum tau saib xyuas kom zoo.
Ua rau thiab kab mob uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev sib koom ua ke muaj xws li:
- mob ntshav qab zib mellitus;
- mob ntshav siab;
- arrhythmia;
- vascular atherosclerosis;
- kab mob oncological.
-
Tsis tas li, qhov txawv txav ntawm platelet aggregation tuaj yeem ua rau muaj feem cuam tshuam rau cov kab mob xws li:
- stroke;
- thrombosis;
- mob plawv;
- tsis muaj ntshav txaus rau cov kabmob tseem ceeb thiab lub cev ntawm lub cev.
Tus mob txaus ntshai tshaj plaws nrog cov ntshav txhaws ntxiv yuav ua tiav cov hlab ntsha txhaws los ntawm cov hlab ntsha, ua rau tuag.
Kev kho mob ntawm hyperaggregation
Kev kho mob hauv qhov no yuav suav nrog cov tshuaj thiab tshuaj ib txwm siv.
Siv hauv kev kho tshuaj:
- Tshuaj ua kom ntshav txhaws. Nws tuaj yeem yog tshuaj aspirin uas ua haujlwm.
- Anticoagulants yog cov tshuaj uas tiv thaiv cov ntshav txhaws ntau dhau.
- Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob - muaj qhov txo qis hauv platelet aggregation thiab ntshav viscosity normalizes.
- Nws kuj tseem pom zoo kom siv cov tshuaj antispasmodics, nrog kev pab ntawm vasodilation tshwm sim.
Nws kuj tseem ceeb heev los kho cov kab mob hauv qab uas ua rau muaj platelet aggregation.
Kev kho tsis yog tshuaj:
- Kev noj haus. Kev noj zaub mov yuav tsum yog cov zaub mov muaj protein ntau - cov khoom noj siv mis, zaub ntsuab, zaub ntsuab thiab liab, citrus txiv hmab txiv ntoo, qhiav. Kev noj cov nqaij nruab deg kuj txo cov platelet aggregation, yog li nws pom zoo kom suav nrog lawv hauv kev noj haus. Buckwheat, roob tshauv, pomegranates yuav tsum raug cais tawm.
- Yuav tsum haus tsawg kawg ob litres dej ib hnub.
- Tshuaj ntsuab xws li qab zib clover, tshuaj yej ntsuab, peony cag muaj cov khoom txo cov ntshav txhaws. Tab sis lawv qhov kev noj yuav tsum tau pom zoo nrog tus kws kho mob.
Txo kev sib sau
Tus mob no hu ua hypoaggregation thiab tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem loj, vim muaj kev pheej hmoo los ntshav vim ntshav txhaws tsis zoo. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev hem thawj rau tib neeg lub neej. Txo cov platelet aggregation tuaj yeem ua tau ob qho tib si thiab tau txais.
Cov kab mob hauv qab no tuaj yeem ua rau:
- ntshav qab zib;
- muaj tus kab mob;
- raum tsis ua haujlwm;
- kev npam;
- leukemia;
- chemotherapy.
Cov teeb meem uas hypoaggregation tuaj yeem ua rau yog:
- xiav;
- ntshav qab zib;
- teeb meem thaum yug menyuam;
- mob hnyav, kev tuag tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev poob ntshav hnyav.
Kev kho mob ntshav qab zib
Tshuaj:
- Kev kho mob tseem ceeb yog noj tshuaj hemostatic. Cov no suav nrog Dicinon, tranexamic thiab aminocaproic acids, ATP.
- Txhua yam tshuaj uas muaj txiaj ntsig tsawg kawg ntawm kev ua kom ntshav qis yog cais tawm. Kev noj tshuaj xws li Aspirin, Ibuprofen, Eufillin, Paracetamol yuav tsum tsis suav nrog.
Kev kho tsis yog tshuaj muaj xws li:
- Kev noj haus. Kev noj haus yuav tsum yog cov khoom lag luam uas koom nrog cov txheej txheem ntawm hematopoiesis - qe, buckwheat, nqaij nyug siab, pomegranate, ntses (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog liab), sawv hips, beets. Sesame oil yog pom zoo rau hnav khaub ncaws.
- Nrog kev kho mob ntxiv nrog tshuaj ntsuab, decoction ntawm nettle nplooj pab zoo.
Txoj kev sib sau ua ke ntawm cov poj niam cev xeeb tub
Kev tswj hwm ntawm platelet aggregation thaum cev xeeb tub yog txheej txheem tseem ceeb, vim tias kev sib txawv loj ntawm cov qauv tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim loj rau leej niam thiab menyuam.
Thaum lub sijhawm cev xeeb tub, qee qhov yuam kev hauv qhov ntsuas tau tso cai. Kev nce me ntsis hauv kev sib sau tshwm sim nrog kev loj hlob ntawm placental ncig.
Yog tias cov txiaj ntsig ntawm qhov kev ntsuam xyuas tau pom tias muaj kev sib sau ua ke, qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau nchuav menyuam lossis rho menyuam tawm thaum ntxov. Muaj ob qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb ntawm cov kab mob no:
- dehydration vim toxicosis;
- kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov kab mob uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev sib sau ua ke.
Yog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov qauv tsis yog qhov tseem ceeb, koj tuaj yeem sim ua kom lub cev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm cov hlab ntshav nrog kev pab ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus - nws raug pom zoo kom noj cov zaub mov uas muaj magnesium; Yog tias tsis muaj kev txhim kho, tus kws kho mob txiav txim siab rau kev teem caij kho tshuaj.
Yog tias muaj qhov xwm txheej tshwm sim uas kuaj pom muaj qhov txo qis hauv platelet aggregation, qhov no kuj qhia tau tias muaj kev phom sij loj rau tus menyuam thiab niam. Nrog rau qhov sib txawv no, los ntshav tuaj yeem tshwm sim ob qho tib si thaum yug menyuam thiab tom qab lawv. Cov laj thawj rau hypoaggregation hauv cov poj niam cev xeeb tub yog raws li hauv qab no:
- toxicosis;
- noj tshuaj - diuretics thiab tshuaj tua kab mob;
- ua xua;
Hauv qhov no, nws raug nquahu kom noj cov zaub mov uas muaj cov vitamins B thiab C - txiv qaub, kua txob qab zib, zaub qhwv, currants.
Kev tshuaj xyuas qib ntawm platelet aggregation yog qhov tseem ceeb heev tsis yog thaum cev xeeb tub nkaus xwb, tab sis kuj nyob rau theem kev npaj.
Kev tshuaj ntsuam rau pathology yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua hauv cov xwm txheej hauv qab no:
- yog tias muaj menyuam tsis taus raug kho;
- nrog kev xeeb tub ntau zaus uas xaus rau kev nchuav menyuam;
- yog npajcev xeeb tub;
- thaum noj tshuaj tiv thaiv.
Nrog kev kuaj mob raws sijhawm, kev kho mob tsim nyog tau raug sau tseg, thiab kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov teeb meem raug txo qis.
Kev sib sau hauv cov menyuam yaus
Tsis ntev los no, cov neeg mob ntawm platelet aggregation tsis zoo hauv cov menyuam yaus tau nce. Lawv yog ob qho tib si kis tau thiab keeb kwm.
Qhov ua rau hyperaggregation tuaj yeem yog cov kab mob sib kis, lub cev qhuav dej, kev ntxhov siab, kab mob ntawm cov hlab plawv thiab ntshav ntshav. Hauv cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua ib xyoos, tus mob no tuaj yeem pom nrog ntshav ntshav. Thaum hluas, kev sib sau ntau ntxiv yog tshwm sim los ntawm cov xwm txheej ntxhov siab, nrog rau kev loj hlob ntawm tus menyuam.
Kev kho mob hauv qhov no yuav yog kev haus dej haus cawv, noj zaub mov tshwj xeeb thiab, yog tias tsim nyog, kho tshuaj.
Thaum hypoaggregation, cov niam txiv yuav pom ntau qhov nqaij ntshiv ntawm tus menyuam lub cev, los ntshav. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws tseem tsim nyog ua tib zoo noj zaub mov thiab haus dej kom txaus.
Nyob rau hauv thawj thiab thib ob, ib qho tseem ceeb heev rau kev kho mob yuav tsum tau txheeb xyuas qhov tshwm sim ntawm los ntshav.
Kev Tiv Thaiv
Vim tias muaj qhov txawv txav hauv platelet sib sau ua ke tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim loj, koj yuav tsum tau mus ntsib kws kho mob tsis tu ncua thiab kuaj qhov tsim nyog. Qhov no yog qhov tseeb tshwj xeeb rau cov neeg uas muaj kev pheej hmoo. Ntawm qhov sib txawv me ntsis, kev kho kev kho yuav tsum tau pib thiab saib xyuas cov dynamics. PaubYog tias koj qhov kev sib sau ua ke raug txo los yog nce ntxiv, koj tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv uas yuav txo tau txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob hnyav dua. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau saib xyuas kev haus dej haus cawv, haus li 2 litres dej ib hnub. Nws kuj raug pom zoo kom ua raws li cov khoom noj uas tau muab rau koj. Cov zaub mov yuav tsum yog feem ntau - txog 5 zaug hauv ib hnub, tab sis me ntsis. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog kom tsis txhob muaj cov khoom noj uas muaj calorie ntau ntau, muab kev nyiam rau kev noj zaub mov kom raug. Taug kev hauv huab cua ntshiab thiab tsis muaj kev ntxhov siab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov txheej txheem hematopoiesis.
Zoo kawg
Txoj kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov txheej txheem sib sau ua ke yog ib txoj kev kuaj mob tseem ceeb uas tuaj yeem qhia txog kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob loj. Yog li ntawd, tsis txhob hnov qab txog kev xa cov kev ntsuam xyuas tsim nyog, vim tias kev kuaj mob ntxov yuav tso cai rau koj los sau cov kev kho kom zoo thiab txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov teeb meem kom tsawg. Qhov no muaj tseeb tshwj xeeb rau cov menyuam yaus thiab cov poj niam cev xeeb tub. Tom qab tag nrho, yog tias muaj qhov txawv txav hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm platelets, tej zaum yuav muaj teeb meem nrog kev xeeb tub thiab yug menyuam.
