Thiamin (lwm yam vitamin B1) yog cov tshuaj tsis muaj xim nrog cov qauv crystalline, soluble hauv dej heev. Nws muaj cov tshuaj formula C12H17N4OS.
Xyoo 1912, thiamine (vitamin B1) yog thawj zaug tau los ntawm cov nplej nplej. Qhov kev sim tau ua los ntawm biochemist los ntawm Poland Kazimir Funk. Hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb yuav qhia koj txhua yam txog cov tshuaj no, piav qhia txog nws cov txiaj ntsig zoo li cas rau tib neeg lub cev, nws siv li cas rau cov hom phiaj tshuaj, thiab hom kev tso tawm nws muaj dab tsi. Peb vam tias koj yuav pom cov ntaub ntawv no muaj txiaj ntsig.
YVitamin B1 yog dab tsi?
Thiamin yog ib yam khoom uas tso cai rau koj hloov cov carbohydrates rau hauv qabzib, uas suav tias yog lub hauv paus tseem ceeb ntawm lub zog. Yog tias lub cev tsis tau txais cov vitamin B1 txaus, nws nres zom cov zaub mov kom zoo, uas txhais tau tias nws tawg mus rau cov suab thaj yooj yim. Li noCov metabolism raug cuam tshuam loj heev, tus neeg pib muaj kev tsis xis nyob thiab mob: raug kev txom nyem los ntawm insomnia, loog loog ntawm ceg, ua rau nyuaj siab los yog chim siab.
Kev tsis muaj vitamin B1 hnyav tuaj yeem ua rau beriberi thiab tshwm sim ntawm Beri-Beri kab mob, uas yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau cov hlab plawv thiab cov hlab ntsha vim qhov nce ntawm cov pyruvic acid hauv cov ntshav. Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob no yuav muaj xws li xeev siab, chim siab, kua muag, mob hauv plab mog, ua tsis taus pa.
Thiamin yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov vitamin uas tsis muaj peev xwm ua rau mob hnyav heev tuaj yeem ua rau metabolic coma thiab tuag. Vitamin B1 deficiency yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev noj zaub mov tsis zoo, suav nrog kev noj zaub mov tsis txaus, haus kas fes ntau dhau, tshuaj yej, nrog rau kev haus dej cawv thiab mob plab. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los tswj koj cov kev noj haus thiab nrhiav kev pab kho mob tsim nyog yog tias tsim nyog.
Vitamin B1: zoo rau lub cev
Thiamin yog ib yam khoom uas ua lub luag haujlwm loj hauv kev tswj kev ua haujlwm ntawm ntau lub cev thiab lub cev. Nws pab ua kom lub cev ua haujlwm kom zoo ntawm lub plab zom mov, lub plawv thiab cov hlab ntsha, tswj cov ntshav siab, txhawb cov ntshav ncig los ntawm cov hlab ntsha, ntxiv dag zog rau lub plawv cov leeg thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov ntshav thiab muaj pes tsawg leeg, txo nws cov acidity. Nws kuj tswj kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub paj hlwb, muaj txiaj ntsig cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov hlab ntsha hauv cov synapses.
Thiamin rau cov plaub hau noj qab haus huv thiab tawv nqaij
Thiamine yog dav siv hauv cosmetology. Qhov no yog ib qho vitamin tsim nyog los tswj qhov zoo ntawm daim tawv nqaij, nrog rau cov tawv nqaij ntawm tawv taub hau. Nrog rau qhov tsis muaj vitamin B1, tsis tsuas yog daim tawv nqaij, tab sis kuj cov plaub hau raug cuam tshuam loj: lawv txoj kev loj hlob qeeb, lawv cov tsos mob zuj zus, lawv ua nkig thiab npub. Txhawm rau kom tshem tawm cov plaub hau thiab txhawb kev loj hlob ntawm cov plaub hau, nws raug nquahu kom suav nrog cov khoom noj uas muaj thiamine hauv cov khoom noj. Rau cov plaub hau, qhov no yuav yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws panacea. Yog tias koj tsis muaj vitamin B1, koj yuav tsum sab laj nrog koj tus kws kho mob thiab noj cov tshuaj uas muaj thiamine. Ces koj cov plaub hau yuav noj qab nyob zoo, ci iab thiab elastic.
Yuav ua li cas cov zaub mov uas muaj thiamine?
Me me vitamin B1 yog tsim los ntawm cov kab mob hauv plab hnyuv, tab sis cov nyiaj no tsis txaus rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev, yog li ntau yam khoom noj yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm thiamine. Rau ntau dua, nws muaj nyob rau hauv cov zaub mov cog: zaub, cereals, legumes, thiab txiv ntseej. Lawv nplua nuj nyob rau hauv peas, taum thiab taum pauv, nrog rau broccoli, carrots, spinach, artichokes thiab rutabaga. Ntawm cov cereals, buckwheat, oatmeal thiab millet yog txawv los ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm vitamin B1. Qee cov thiamine muaj nyob rau hauv cov khoom noj tsiaj, xws li nqaij nyug, nqaij nyug, nqaij npuas, thiab nqaij qaib.
Ntau ntau nws pom nyob rau hauv brewer's poov xab thiab wholemeal ci khoom. Yog tias nws yuav tsum tau them nyiaj rau qhov tsis muaj vitamin B1, nws yuav tsum tau noj ntau npaum li cov zaub mov nrogCov ntsiab lus siab lossis ntxiv rau thiamine hauv ampoules lossis ntsiav tshuaj.
Cov khoom muaj vitamin B1
Qhov xav tau txhua hnub rau vitamin B1 yog:
- neeg laus 1.6 txog 2.5mg;
- hauv cov neeg laus - los ntawm 1.2 txog 1.4 mg;
- hauv cov poj niam cev xeeb tub - los ntawm 1.3 txog 1.9 mg;
- hauv cov menyuam yaus - los ntawm 0.3 txog 1.5 mg.
Cov nuj nqis no yuav txawv rau ib tus neeg nyob ntawm seb lub cev ua si, huab cua thiab tus nqi ntawm carbohydrates noj ib hnub twg. Nrog rau qhov tsis muaj vitamin B1, thiamine chloride thiab thiamine bromide npaj tau siv rau kev kho mob. Lawv yog cov hluavtaws analogues ntawm ntuj vitamin B1, lawv yog cov hmoov dawb los yog daj me ntsis, muaj cov ntxhiab tsw tshwj xeeb ntawm cov poov xab thiab yooj yim soluble hauv dej. Thiamine chloride muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ampoules (1 ml, 2 ml, 2.5% thiab 5%) thiab ntsiav tshuaj ntawm ntau npaum li cas. Thiamine bromide kuj muaj nyob rau hauv ntau yam tsw:
- ntsiav tshuaj 0.0129, 0.00645, 0.00258g (50 ib pob);
- 6% thiab 3% daws hauv 1 ml ampoules (pob ntawm 10).
Cov lus qhia rau kev siv cov vitamin B1
Feem ntau, cov tshuaj hluavtaws uas muaj thiamine bromide lossis chloride hmoov tau raug sau tseg thaum muaj hypo- thiab beriberi, neuralgia, radiculitis, tuag tes tuag taw ntawm ntau lub hauv paus. Cov laj thawj tseem ceeb rau kev teem caij ntawm cov vitamin B1 yog intoxication nrog mercury, carbon disulfide, arsenic thiab methyl cawv, haus dej cawv ntev nrog kev nco thiab kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo.peripheral paj hlwb. Meniere's kab mob, poliomyelitis, thyrotoxicosis, herpes zoster, encephalomyelitis, Wernicke's kab mob kuj yog cov cim qhia rau cov tshuaj uas muaj thiamine. Vitamin B1 kuj tau muab rau cov neeg mob uas muaj kab mob plab, plab hnyuv atony, thiab myocardial dystrophy. Nws kuj pab cov neeg txom nyem los ntawm neurogenic dermatoses, psoriasis thiab eczema thiamine. Tus nqi rau nws txawv ntawm 20-40 rubles.
Yuav siv tshuaj li cas
Phau tshuaj nrog thiamine parenterally lossis hais lus. Cov neeg laus noj 0.01 g ntsiav tshuaj 1 mus rau 5 zaug ib hnub twg. Cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 3 xyoos raug pom zoo kom siv cov tshuaj ntawm 0.005 g ib zaug hauv ob hnub, cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog 3-8 xyoo - peb zaug ib hnub ib hnub, tshaj 8 xyoo - 0.01 g txog peb zaug hauv ib hnub.
Feem ntau, kev noj tshuaj thiamine yog 30 hnub. Yog tias tus neeg mob muaj qhov tsis haum rau kev nqus ntawm cov tshuaj hauv cov hnyuv los yog muaj qhov xav tau ceev los tsim kom muaj cov thiamine ntau hauv cov ntshav, kev tswj hwm kev noj qab haus huv tau muab. Thiamine yog muab tshuaj intramuscularly, chav kawm ntawm kev kho mob yuav muaj 10 lossis ntau dua txhaj tshuaj. Cov neeg laus raug muab tshuaj 1 ml, thiab cov menyuam yaus 0.5 ml ntawm vitamin B1 tshuaj ib hnub ib zaug. Raws li txoj cai, thiamine (cov ntsiav tshuaj thiab ampoules) tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo. Kev txhaj tshuaj intramuscular yog mob vim qhov pH tsawg ntawm cov tshuaj. Tsis tshua pom muaj kev phiv tshwm sim: urticaria, Quincke's edema lossis pruritus. Thaum cov tshuaj nkag mus rau hauv cov hlab ntshaKev tsis haum tshuaj yuav ua rau hnyav dua, txawm tias anaphylactic poob siab, yog li muaj kev txwv tsis pub noj cov tshuaj thiamine (vitamin B1) yog cov kab mob ua xua thiab keeb kwm ntawm intolerance.
