Kev ua txhaum ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub plawv ua haujlwm yog qhov teeb meem ceev thoob plaws ntiaj teb. Feem ntau lawv loj hlob hauv cov laus, tab sis kuj tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv cov tub ntxhais hluas thiab menyuam yaus. Raws li paub los ntawm kev txheeb cais, pathologies ntawm cov hlab plawv system yog ib qho ntawm cov laj thawj tseem ceeb ntawm kev tuag. Yog li ntawd, cov kws kho mob thoob plaws ntiaj teb tab tom nrhiav txoj hauv kev tshiab los tiv thaiv cov kab mob no. Nws tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav pab txo qis kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob thiab tswj kev them nyiaj ntawm tus mob kom ntev li ntev tau.
Nyob rau xyoo tas los no, txhawm rau txheeb xyuas cov kab mob plawv, kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas tau ua tiav rau tag nrho cov neeg laus, tsis hais hnub nyoog li cas. Raws li tus neeg mob sab nraud, txhua tus neeg mob ua electrocardiography (ECG) nrog ntau zaus ntawm 1 zaug hauv ib xyoos thaum tsis muaj kev tsis txaus siab. Yog tias kuaj pom kab mob hauv lub plawv, ib tus neeg tau sau npe, thiab txhua qhov kev tshawb fawb tau ua ntau zaus, kev kho mob tau sau tseg. Feem ntau, cov neeg mob muaj atrial fibrillation ntawm ECG. Lub ntsiab lus ntawm tus mob no yog atrial fibrillation.
Atrial fibrillation yog dab tsi?
Atrial fibrillation - ib ECGntawm ntau hom arrhythmias. Raws li kev txheeb cais, nws tshwm sim hauv 1-2% ntawm cov pejxeem. Rau qhov ntau dua, qhov kev cuam tshuam ntawm lub suab no cuam tshuam rau cov neeg muaj hnub nyoog 40 thiab laus dua. Qee lub sij hawm atrial fibrillation yog asymptomatic, thiab tus neeg mob tsis paub txog qhov muaj pathology. Qee qhov xwm txheej, atrial fibrillation tau tshaj tawm tias kev mus pw hauv tsev kho mob ceev ntawm tus neeg mob thiab yuav tsum tau ntsuas ceev. Cov chav kawm ntawm pathology nyob ntawm nws daim ntawv thiab cov xwm txheej ntawm tus neeg mob. Atrial fibrillation (fibrillation) tshwm sim vim muaj zog ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg atrial. Yog li ntawd, chaotic pathological contractions tshwm sim. Feem ntau, atrial fibrillation yog ua ke nrog lwm cov kab mob plawv.
Ib txwm ECG: piav qhia thiab txhais
Electrocardiography yog txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb rau kev kuaj mob plawv. Nws tau ua nrog kev tsis txaus siab ntawm ischemia, myocardial infarction, ntau yam arrhythmias thiab lwm yam kab mob plawv. Txoj kev ECG yog ua raws li kev kaw cov peev txheej ntawm lub plawv. Ua tsaug rau qhov kev ntsuam xyuas hluav taws xob, ib tus tuaj yeem txiav txim siab txog lub xeev ntawm ntau qhov chaw ntawm myocardium. Ib txwm ECG pom nyob rau hauv cov neeg noj qab haus huv. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj ntau yam pathologies uas tsis pom los ntawm electrocardiography. Txawm li cas los xij, feem ntau ntawm cov kab mob tau sau tseg ntawm ECG. Tus kws kho mob ntawm ib qho tshwj xeeb tuaj yeem piav qhia qhov txiaj ntsig ntawm qhov kev ntsuam xyuas no, txawm li cas los xij, nws raug pom zoo tias cov kws kho plawv ua qhov kev txiav txim siab.
ECG yog kab kab rov tav nrog cov hniav thiab ntu. Tseem muaj12 coj, los ntawm qhov chaw uas hluav taws xob impulses tau txais. P nthwv dej ntawm ECG yog lub luag haujlwm rau atrial excitation. Tom qab nws, lub sijhawm me me P-Q raug kaw. Nws characterizes lub excitation kev pab them nqi ntawm lub interatrial septum. Tom ntej no yog QRS complex. Nws yog characterized los ntawm hluav taws xob excitation ntawm lub ventricles. Nws yog ua raws li lub sij hawm so ntawm lub plawv cov leeg - repolarization. Nws muaj lub sijhawm ST thiab T nthwv dej, feem ntau, txhua qhov ECG yuav tsum muaj qhov dav (lub sijhawm) thiab qhov siab (amplitude). Kev hloov pauv yam tsawg kawg ib qho taw qhia hauv lead 1 qhia txog kab mob.
Atrial fibrillation zoo li cas ntawm ECG?
Atrial fibrillation yog ib qho mob pathological nyob rau hauv uas txawv tshaj plaw chaotic excitations ntawm myocardium tshwm sim. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, ib tug ua txhaum ntawm ib txwm atherosclerosis tshwm sim. Atrial fibrillation ntawm ECG yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev hloov pauv hauv P nthwv dej, f-nthwv dej tshwm sim (lawv nyob nruab nrab ntawm QRS complexes hauv ntau tus lej), thaum P yoj ib txwm yuav tsum yog 1 ua ntej txhua qhov kev zoo siab ntawm ventricles. Tsis tas li ntawd, nrog fibrillation, kev ua txhaum ntawm lub plawv dhia ib txwm raug pom. Qhov no yog xav txog ntawm ECG los ntawm qhov tseeb tias qhov kev ncua deb ntawm R-R hauv ib qho txhuas tsis zoo ib yam hauv qhov dav (lub sijhawm).
Kev paub qhov txawv txav ntawm atrial flutter
Ntxiv rau qhov mob plab, muaj qhov cuam tshuam zoo li atrial flutter. Ntawm ECG, 2 pathologies txawv ntawm ib leeg. Atrial flutter (AF) yog ib yam kab mob pathological nyob rau hauv uas muaj qhov nce ntxivlub plawv dhia (200-400 neeg ntaus ib feeb). Nws feem ntau tshwm sim hauv daim ntawv ntawm kev tawm tsam tam sim - paroxysms. TP yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev txhim kho tam sim ntawd thiab kev txiav tawm ywj siab. Nws hais txog ntau yam ntawm supraventricular tachycardia. Nrog rau kev txhim kho ntawm kev tawm tsam, tus neeg mob yuav tsum tau muab kev saib xyuas xwm txheej ceev. Atrial flutter ntawm ECG txawv ntawm fibrillation nyob rau hauv uas pathological excitations muaj ntau zaus thiab amplitude (F-npauj npaim). Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub plawv dhia tseem yog lawm. Qhov kev ncua deb ntawm R-R yog tib yam.
Cov tsos mob ntawm atrial fibrillation
Muaj 3 hom ntawm atrial fibrillation. Lawv txawv ntawm lub plawv dhia. Highlight:
- Tachysystolic daim ntawv. Lub plawv dhia yog tshaj 90 neeg ntaus ib feeb.
- Normosystolic daim ntawv. Lub plawv dhia hloov pauv ntawm 60 txog 90 tus neeg ntaus ib feeb.
- Bradisystolic daim ntawv. Qhov tshwm sim tsawg dua li lwm tus. Lub plawv dhia tsawg dua 60 neeg ntaus ib feeb.
Cov tsos mob ntawm atrial fibrillation nyob ntawm seb qhov ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm ventricular yog li cas. Nrog paroxysm ntawm atrial fibrillation, muaj kev nce siab ntawm lub plawv dhia, palpitations, trembling thiab nce hws, ua tsis taus pa, mob hauv siab, kiv taub hau. Nrog mob hnyav tachycardia, tsis nco qab, kev txhim kho mob stroke, myocardial infarction yog ua tau. Ntau tus neeg muaj ib daim ntawv normosystolic ntawm atrial fibrillation. Cov tsos mob tshwm sim feem ntau tsis tuaj.
kho mob atrial fibrillation
Txawm hais tias feem ntau asymptomatic, atrial fibrillation ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov ntshav txhaws thiab myocardial infarction. Yog li, nrog atrial fibrillation, cov tshuaj antiplatelet raug sau tseg. Ntawm lawv yog cov tshuaj "Aspirin-cardio", "Tromboass". Txhawm rau kho lub plawv dhia thaum lub sij hawm tachycardia, cov tshuaj antiarrhythmic tau sau tseg. Feem ntau cov no yog cov tshuaj "Coronal", "Metoprolol", "Amiodarone". Rau kev pheej hmoo atrial fibrillation, kev kho phais raug pom zoo.
