Fibrillation - yog dab tsi? Paroxysmal fibrillation

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Fibrillation - yog dab tsi? Paroxysmal fibrillation
Fibrillation - yog dab tsi? Paroxysmal fibrillation

Video: Fibrillation - yog dab tsi? Paroxysmal fibrillation

Video: Fibrillation - yog dab tsi? Paroxysmal fibrillation
Video: ME NTSIS - KojTxiv ft. 2FANG (OFFICIAL RELEASE 2021) Produced by KTXStudio #hmong #nkaujhmoob 2024, Kaum ib hlis
Anonim

Koj puas tau muaj sijhawm thaum koj lub siab pib ua kom chaotically? Los yog, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, qeeb qeeb? Qhov no ua rau muaj kev ntshai thiab kev ntxhov siab, ua rau koj xav txog kev mus pw hauv tsev kho mob. Cov kws kho mob muaj lub ntsiab lus rau txhua yam mob, nrog rau qhov no. Fibrillation yog ib hom kev cuam tshuam ntawm lub plawv dhia. Hauv kev xyaum cardiology, cov xwm txheej zoo li no tsis tshua muaj, yog li peb yuav tham txog lawv hnub no.

Definition and prevalence

fibrillation yog
fibrillation yog

Tseem muaj kev txhais lus tshawb fawb txog tus cwj pwm ntawm lub siab no. Fibrillation yog ib tug tachyarrhythmia, uas yog ua ke nrog chaotic kev ua si ntawm cov hluav taws xob impulses ntawm lub atria. Lawv qhov zaus tuaj yeem ncav cuag xya pua tus neeg ntaus ib feeb, thiab ntawm qhov nrawm, kev sib koom ua ke ua tsis tau.

Fibrillation yog ib qho ntawm feem ntau cov ntaub ntawv ntawm atherosclerosis. Nws tuaj yeem txiav txim siab tau tsuas yog los ntawm cov txiaj ntsig ntawm electrocardiography. Muaj cov cim qhia: qhov tsis muaj qhov ntswg qhov ntswg, qhov tsos ntawm f-yoj (atrial tremor). Qhov zaus ntawm kev contractions nyob ntawm cov khoom ntawm atrioventricular node, nrog rau kev ua haujlwm.autonomic paj hlwb ua ke nrog tshuaj.

Cov kws tshaj lij koom nrog cov kab mob no nrog cov kab mob hauv lub plawv. Chaotic contractions ntawm lub plawv ua rau circulatory disorders thiab kev pheej hmoo ntawm embolism. Kev tuag siab ntawm tus kab mob no cuam tshuam nrog qhov tshwm sim.

Kev faib tawm

Cov qauv hauv qab no ntawm atrial fibrillation yog qhov txawv:

  1. Thawj zaug nthuav tawm. Qhov kev kuaj mob no yog tsim los yog tus neeg mob yav dhau los tsis tau nrhiav kev pab kho mob rau atrial fibrillation.
  2. Paroxysmal. Kev tawm tsam ntawm flutter kav tsis ntev tshaj li ib lub lim tiam (feem ntau yog ob hnub) thiab dhau ntawm nws tus kheej.
  3. Txhob Cia Siab. Kev tawm tsam ntev tshaj li xya hnub.
  4. Nyob ntev. Qhov kev tawm tsam no kav ntev txog kaum mus rau kaum ob lub hlis, tab sis cov kws kho mob tau txiav txim siab rov qab kho lub suab.
  5. Nco. Atrial fibrillation tau pom tas li, tab sis qhov atherosclerosis tsis tau rov qab los ntawm cov theem pib, thiab tom qab ntawd nws hloov mus ua haujlwm tsis zoo.

Atrial fibrillation tau muab faib ua plaub chav kawm raws li qhov hnyav ntawm cov tsos mob:

  1. Asymptomatic.
  2. tsis xis nyob me ntsis yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam.
  3. Cov tsos mob hnyav uas cuam tshuam rau kev nplij siab ntawm lub neej.
  4. Kev tsis taus. Hauv qhov no, tus neeg mob tsis tuaj yeem saib xyuas nws tus kheej.

Nyob ntawm tus mem tes, cov kws kho mob paub qhov txawv ntawm tachy-, normo- thiab bradysystolic daim ntawv ntawm tus kab mob.

Risk factors

mob plawv fibrillation
mob plawv fibrillation

mob plawv fibrillation tshwm sim hauv cov neeg mobleej twg yog predisposed rau nws. Tej zaum nws yuav ua ntej los ntawm ntau yam teeb meem plawv:

- kub siab;

- plawv tsis ua hauj lwm;

- tau txais qhov tsis xws luag ntawm lub mitral valve;- congenital malformations ntawm ntau yam etiologies.

Dilated cardiomyopathy, kab mob hauv lub plawv, kab mob mob ntev ntawm daim nyias nyias ntawm lub plawv, thiab cov qog ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb. Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation nyob rau hauv cov neeg hluas tshaj plaub caug tuaj yeem tshwm sim nyob rau hauv kev sib cais los ntawm lwm yam kab mob.

Ntxiv rau, muaj cov npe ntawm cov kab mob uas sib npaug cuam tshuam rau cov tsos mob ntawm fibrillation, tab sis lawv tsis cuam tshuam nrog kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov hlab plawv:

- rog;

- mob ntshav qab zib mellitus;

- kab mob ntev obstructive pulmonary;- nce kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov thyroid caj pas.

Yog tias tus neeg mob muaj keeb kwm tsis txaus ntseeg hauv tsev neeg, uas yog, ntawm cov neeg txheeb ze muaj cov neeg mob atrial fibrillation, txoj hauv kev uas tus kab mob yuav tshwm sim hauv qhov kev pheej hmoo nce peb caug feem pua.

Pathogenesis

Fibrillation yog chaotic twitching ntawm cov leeg, qhov no lub plawv. Cov kab mob hauv lub cev ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm cov qauv hauv lub cev ntawm lub plawv thiab ua rau muaj kev ua txhaum ntawm kev ua ntawm hluav taws xob impulses. Qhov no yog vim qhov nce ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg thiab cov fibrosis tom qab. Cov txheej txheem no nce zuj zus, ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov paj hlwb, yog li ntawd, fibrillation kuj tseem muaj.

Cov kws kho mob tab tom txiav txim siab ntau qhov kev xav txog yuav ua li casparoxysmal daim ntawv ntawm tus kab mob no. Feem ntau yog cov kev xav ntawm foci thiab ntau nthwv dej. Qee cov kws tshawb fawb nyiam ua ke ob qho tib si, vim nws tsis tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas tus kab mob nkaus xwb.

Raws li thawj txoj kev xav (focal), muaj ntau lub foci ntawm hluav taws xob ua haujlwm hauv myocardium, uas nyob ze cov hlab ntsha loj thiab raws phab ntsa tom qab ntawm atria. Thaum lub sij hawm, lawv kis mus rau tag nrho cov cheeb tsam ntawm atria. Qhov thib ob txoj kev xav postulates tias fibrillations tshwm sim los ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov tshwm sim thiab chaotic conduction ntawm ntau tus nthwv dej me me ntawm excitation.

Cov tsos mob thiab teeb meem

ecg ua fibrillation
ecg ua fibrillation

Paroxysmal fibrillation yuav asymptomatic yog tias hemodynamic cuam tshuam txaus txaus them. Raws li txoj cai, cov neeg mob yws ntawm qhov kev xav ntawm lub plawv dhia ceev, mob hauv siab lossis tsis xis nyob hauv cheeb tsam no.

Tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau los no, lub plawv tsis ua haujlwm nce mus, uas tau tshwm sim los ntawm kev kiv taub hau, qaug zog thiab ua tsis taus pa. Qee zaum thaum lub sijhawm tawm tsam, cov neeg mob tau tso zis ntau ntxiv. Cov kws tshaj lij ntaus nqi qhov no kom nce ntxiv ntawm cov protein natridiuretic.

Lub hom phiaj, tuaj yeem ua rau lub plawv tsis ua haujlwm thaum tus naj npawb ntawm lub plawv dhia ntau dua li cov mem tes nthwv dej nthuav tawm mus rau sab nraud. Nrog rau daim ntawv asymptomatic ntawm fibrillation, thawj "tswb" tej zaum yuav mob stroke.

Lub sijhawm ntev atrial fibrillation yog qhov nyuaj los ntawm lub plawv tsis ua haujlwm, thrombosis loj thiab mecov hlab plawv los yog hlwb.

Diagnosis

Cov lus pom zoo rau atrial fibrillation
Cov lus pom zoo rau atrial fibrillation

Fibrillation yog qhov tsis txaus ntseeg nquag ntawm cardiomyocytes. Ua ntej, tus kws kho mob sau ib qho anamnesis ntawm tus kab mob thiab lub neej, pom lub hnub ntawm thawj qhov kev tawm tsam, muaj cov xwm txheej txaus ntshai, thiab tseem kawm txog cov tshuaj uas tus neeg mob noj tam sim no. Cov neeg mob tsis yws yws, yog li ntawd, qhov no pathology raug kuaj pom siv cov kev tshawb fawb ntsuas. Cov no suav nrog ultrasound, 24-teev Holter xyuas thiab ECG. Fibrillation yog tshwm sim los ntawm cov cim tshwj xeeb hauv qab no:

- tsis muaj P nthwv dej (tsis muaj qhov sinus atherosclerosis);

- zoo li f-yoj ntawm fibrillation;- tsis sib npaug ntawm R nthwv dej.

Ib yam li ntawd, cov kab mob hauv lub plawv tuaj yeem kuaj pom: myocardial infarction, arrhythmias, thiab lwm yam. Ultrasound yog ua los xyuas thiab paub meej tias cov kab mob hauv lub plawv, nrog rau ntsuas qhov tuab ntawm cov phab ntsa myocardial, qhov ntim ntawm atria thiab ventricles. Tsis tas li ntawd, parietal thrombi thiab cov nroj tsuag ntawm lub li qub tau pom meej meej ntawm qhov screen.

Ntxiv rau, tom qab thawj ntu ntawm fibrillation, tus kws kho mob tau sau tshuaj ntsuam xyuas qib ntawm cov thyroid hormones kom tsis suav nrog nws qhov ua haujlwm siab.

Anticoagulant therapy

paroxysmal daim ntawv ntawm atrial fibrillation
paroxysmal daim ntawv ntawm atrial fibrillation

Los ntawm qhov no, tus nyeem ntawv twb muaj lub tswv yim tias yog vim li cas thiab yuav ua li cas fibrillation tshwm. Nws txoj kev kho mob yog tsom rau kev tshem tawm cov teeb meem etiological lossis qib cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob.

Anticoagulants, uas yog, cov tshuaj uas ua rau cov ntshav nyias nyias, tau muab tshuaj los tiv thaiv kev tsim cov ntshav txhaws thiab, vim li ntawd, mob stroke thiab plawv nres. Cov ntsiav tshuaj feem ntau yog Warfarin thiab Aspirin. Thaum muab tshuaj rau pab pawg no, tus kws kho mob yuav siv sij hawm rau hauv tus neeg mob lub siab nyiam thrombosis, kev pheej hmoo ntawm ischemia yav tom ntej, nrog rau tus neeg mob cov kev txwv rau hom kev kho no.

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias thaum siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv coagulants, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau saib xyuas tas li INR (international normalized ratio). Qhov no yuav tso cai rau koj tso tseg cov tshuaj raws sijhawm thiab txo qhov kev pheej hmoo los ntshav.

Rhythm control

paroxysmal daim ntawv ntawm fibrillation
paroxysmal daim ntawv ntawm fibrillation

Mob plawv fibrillation yog ib qho mob rov qab rau hauv feem ntau. Yog tias lub sijhawm me ntsis dhau los txij li qhov pib ntawm qhov kev tawm tsam, tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem kho cov kab mob hauv lub cev. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua tiav nrog kev taw qhia hluav taws xob lossis tshuaj tiv thaiv arrhythmic.

Ua ntej, lub plawv dhia yog txo los yog nce mus rau ib puas neeg ntaus ib feeb. Tom qab ntawd qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm thromboembolism yuav tsum raug coj mus rau hauv tus account, yog li tus neeg mob tau txais kev kho mob anticoagulant rau peb lub lis piam ua ntej cov txheej txheem thiab ib hlis tom qab nws. Tab sis tag nrho cov no yog qhov tsim nyog tsuas yog yog tias qhov kev tawm tsam ntawm fibrillation kav ntev dua ob hnub lossis nws lub sijhawm tsis tuaj yeem tsim. Yog tias nws paub tias plaub caug yim teev tsis tau dhau mus txij li qhov pib ntawm chaotic contractions ntawm lub plawv, los yog tus neeg mob muaj hemodynamic cuam tshuam loj heev, ces rov qab. Kev sib dhos yog nqa tawm sai, uas tsis tshua muaj molecular hnyav heparin yog tswj hwm.

  1. Electrical cardioversion. Qhov no yog ib txoj kev mob heev uas yuav tsum tau tus neeg mob yuav tsum tau raus rau hauv cov tshuaj induced pw tsaug zog. Nyob rau hauv niaj hnub defibrillators, qhov tso tawm yog synchronized nrog R yoj ntawm cardiogram. Qhov no tsis txhob raug mob ventricular fibrillation. Lawv feem ntau pib nrog ib puas Joules thiab, yog tias tsim nyog, nce txhua qhov tso tawm tom qab los ntawm tsib caug Joules. Qhov no yog ob theem qauv. Kev tso tawm ib zaug yog ua tam sim ntawm ob puas Joules, nrog rau qib siab tshaj plaws ntawm plaub puas.
  2. kho mob cardioversion. Cov tshuaj uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau lub plawv dhia xws li Procainamide, Amiodarone, Nibentan, thiab Propafenone.

Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev rov tshwm sim ntawm atrial fibrillation tom qab cardioversion, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv arrhythmic tau sau tseg, uas tus neeg mob yuav tsum tau noj rau lub hlis lossis ntau xyoo.

ntsuas lub plawv

paroxysmal fibrillation
paroxysmal fibrillation

Txhua hom kev paub ntawm atrial fibrillation cuam tshuam nrog lub plawv dhia txawv txav. Yog li ntawd, cov kws kho mob xav tawm txoj kev kho kom tshem tawm cov tsos mob no. Rau qhov no, siv cov tshuaj uas tuaj yeem txo qhov ceev ntawm lub plawv dhia. Cov no suav nrog:

- beta-blockers;- calcium channel blockers.

Amiodarone lossis Dronedarone tau sau tseg rau qhov tsis muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm cov tshuaj los ntawm cov pab pawg no. Xws li kev kho mob tuaj yeem txo qhov tshwm sim ntawm arrhythmia, tab sis nws tsis tuaj yeem tshem tawm tag nrho.

YogKev kho mob tsis zoo, cov kws kho mob qee zaum siv rau catheter ablation. Yuav kom tswj tau qhov sinus atherosclerosis, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tshem tawm txhua qhov chaw zoo siab. Siv lub xov tooj cua sojntsuam, tus kws phais mob cais cov chaw ua haujlwm ntawm ib leeg, tiv thaiv kev nthuav tawm ntawm cov hluav taws xob nthwv dej.

Muaj lwm txoj hauv kev uas cov hlab ntsha ntawm lub atrium thiab lub ventricle raug rhuav tshem. Qhov no tsim ib ntus transverse lub plawv thaiv. Tus neeg mob no tom qab ntawd muab cog nrog lub tshuab pacemaker uas tswj tau lub plawv dhia. Lub neej zoo ntawm tus neeg mob no txhim kho tau zoo, tab sis qhov no tsis cuam tshuam rau lub sijhawm ntawm nws lub neej.

Fibrillation tom qab phais plawv

Qhov paroxysm ntawm fibrillation kuj ua tau tom qab kev phais mob ntawm lub plawv. Qhov no yog ib qho teeb meem uas tshwm sim tom qab kev ua haujlwm zoo li no. Lub pathophysiology ntawm tus mob no txawv ntawm qhov pom hauv cov neeg mob uas muaj atrial fibrillation.

Ntxiv rau qhov muaj feem cuam tshuam ib txwm, tus neeg mob muaj ionic dissociation, uas yog qhov txo qis ntawm cov poov tshuaj, txo qis hauv cov ntshav ntim, kev raug mob rau lub plawv thiab atrial edema. Tag nrho cov no provokes lub activation ntawm kev tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug cascade ntawm kev xav ntawm lub complement system. Muaj kev tso tawm ntawm cov kab mob inflammatory, stimulation ntawm lub paj hlwb sympathetic, nrog rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv oxidative hnyav. Tag nrho cov no yog qhov ua rau ua rau atrial fibrillation.

Yog li ntawd, kev kho mob tom qab phais mob pib nrog kev kho tag nrho cov saum toj noteeb meem. Ua li no, siv beta-blockers, "Amiodarone", steroid hormones thiab cov tshuaj uas tsis yog-steroidal anti-inflammatory.

Huab cua thiab cov lus pom zoo

Kev kho mob fibrillation
Kev kho mob fibrillation

Ib tug neeg tuaj yeem zam qhov kev kuaj mob txaus ntshai xws li atrial fibrillation. Cov lus pom zoo ntawm cov kws kho mob yog qhov yooj yim thiab pob tshab. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los coj noj qab haus huv txoj kev ua neej, ua raws li kev noj haus, thiab tiv thaiv kev nce ntshav siab tshaj ib puas thiab plaub caug. Tej yam yooj yim no yuav tsis tsuas yog tiv thaiv qhov tshwm sim ntawm fibrillation, tab sis kuj pab kom tsis txhob muaj lwm yam kab mob plawv.

Tau kawg, kev haus luam yeeb thiab txo qis haus cawv raug pom zoo. Txhawm rau txhawm rau txhim kho cov hlab ntsha, cov kws kho plawv tau hais kom tau txais cov roj fatty acids txaus los ntawm cov zaub mov lossis noj cov roj ntses capsules.

Kev kho cov kab mob thiab kab mob kis tau zoo tshaj plaws yog ua tiav, txawm tias koj twb tau zoo lawm.

Qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm mob hlab ntsha tawg hauv cov neeg mob atrial fibrillation nce mus rau tsib feem pua ntawm hnub nyoog tsib caug, thiab mus rau nees nkaum feem pua ntawm hnub nyoog yim caum. Txhua qhov thib rau kev mob stroke hauv ntiaj teb tau pom nyob rau hauv cov neeg mob kuaj pom tias muaj atrial fibrillation.

Pom zoo: