Meningococcal nasopharyngitis - piav qhia, ua rau, tsos mob thiab kev kho mob nta

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Meningococcal nasopharyngitis - piav qhia, ua rau, tsos mob thiab kev kho mob nta
Meningococcal nasopharyngitis - piav qhia, ua rau, tsos mob thiab kev kho mob nta

Video: Meningococcal nasopharyngitis - piav qhia, ua rau, tsos mob thiab kev kho mob nta

Video: Meningococcal nasopharyngitis - piav qhia, ua rau, tsos mob thiab kev kho mob nta
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Anonim

Thaum tib neeg lub cev tsis muaj zog, nws kis tau tus kab mob. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau lub caij ntuj no thiab caij nplooj ntoos hlav. Ib tug kab mob uas kis tau los ntawm huab cua tee, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau lub sij hawm no, nws yog ib qho yooj yim mus mob. Koj yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo saib xyuas cov tsos mob. Ib qho mob khaub thuas tuaj yeem yog qhov pib mob hnyav thiab txaus ntshai. Txoj kev tsis paub tseeb ntawm meningococcal nasopharyngitis tuaj yeem ua rau tuag taus. Xav txog seb tus kab mob no mus li cas, dab tsi yog qhov ua rau nws tshwm sim, cov tsos mob, thiab cov kev kho mob twg zoo tshaj plaws.

Ua rau kab mob

Meningococcal kab mob - nasopharyngitis - kis tau los ntawm cov tee dej. Lub hauv paus ntawm tus kab mob yog tus neeg mob. Koj tuaj yeem kis tau los ntawm kev sib txuas lus nrog tus neeg nqa khoom, hnia, hnoos, txham. Nyob rau hauv thawj theem, tus kab mob yog provoked los ntawm ib tug kab mob viral. Tab sis thaum tshwm sim ntawm tus kab mob meningococcal nasopharyngitis, qhov ua rau yog kab mob meningococcus.

Tus neeg sawv cev ntawm tus kab mob
Tus neeg sawv cev ntawm tus kab mob

Kab mob sib kis tshwm sim hauv qhov chaw muaj neeg coob coob. Tsis tas li, feem ntau tus kab mob nocov neeg mob hauv pab pawg. Cov no yog cov menyuam yaus thiab cov tub ntxhais hluas hauv tsev kawm ntawv, kindergartens, nrog rau cov tsev tos qhua thaum lawv cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawv, hauv cov tub rog thaum ua tub rog. Koj tuaj yeem mob tau txhua lub sijhawm ntawm lub xyoo, tab sis feem ntau exacerbations tshwm sim nyob rau lub caij ntuj no, caij nplooj ntoos hlav thaum ntxov thiab caij nplooj zeeg lig.

Tus kab mob Meningococcal tshwm sim:

  • Localized.
  • Generalized.

Meningococcal nasopharyngitis yog hais txog ib hom kab mob meningococcal hauv zos. Nws kuj muaj cov kab mob. Qhov xwm txheej yog qhov tseeb tias qhov thib ob, tus neeg ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau lwm tus, thaum nws tus kheej tsis hnov cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob.

Tab sis nrog qhov txo qis hauv kev tiv thaiv kab mob, tus kab mob tuaj yeem nkag mus rau lwm hom, txaus ntshai dua - generalized.

Tus kab mob no yooj yim, tab sis tuaj yeem nyuaj los ntawm lwm hom. Qhov no ua tau yog tias:

  • kev tiv thaiv txo qis;
  • tus txheej txheem kis tau koom nrog.

Nws tau raug pov thawj tias muaj cov kab mob genetic predisposition rau kab mob meningococcal. Hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, tus neeg mob tsis muaj lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob hauv lub cev thaum meningococci nkag mus rau hauv lub cev. Kev rov tshwm sim ntawm tus kab mob hauv cov neeg mob no tuaj yeem ua tau. Hauv lwm qhov xwm txheej, tom qab raug tus kab mob meningococcal, kev tiv thaiv muaj zog tau tsim, koj yuav tsis mob ib zaug ntxiv. Tab sis tsis tshua muaj neeg kis rov qab tshwm sim.

leej twg raug tus kab mob ntau dua

Koj tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas cov neeg uas raug tus kab mob meningococcal tshaj plaws. Nov yog:

  1. Cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog 6 hli txog 3 xyoos.
  2. Hnub nyoog qeb los ntawm 14qis dua 20.
  3. Cov neeg uas kis tus kab mob meningococcal.
  4. Nyob hauv dormitories, barracks.
  5. Cov menyuam yaus thiab cov neeg laus.
  6. Cov neeg mob muaj kev pheej hmoo
    Cov neeg mob muaj kev pheej hmoo
  7. Cov pej xeem nyob hauv qhov tsis huv, uas yog qhov chaw zoo rau kev kis tus kabmob.
  8. Cov neeg nyob hauv Africa, South America thiab Tuam Tshoj. Lawv niaj hnub mob thaum lub caij kub ntawm lub xyoo.

Thiab tseem muaj kev pheej hmoo suav nrog:

  • Immunocompromised neeg.
  • Cov me nyuam mob.
  • Cov neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws uas muaj tus kabmob kis tsis zoo.
  • Cov neeg siab phem tom qab muaj mob hnyav.
  • Cov neeg uas muaj cov txheej txheem phem hauv lub cev.
  • Cov neeg muaj mob plawv, raum thiab mob siab.
  • Cov neeg muaj kab mob ENT chronic.

Meningococcal nasopharyngitis hauv cov neeg laus

Cia peb qhia txog ntau yam ntawm cov kab mob hauv cov neeg laus:

  • Cov neeg muaj hnub nyoog qis dua 30 tau mob. Feem ntau lawv yog txiv neej.
  • Cov menyuam yaus mob thaum muaj hnub nyoog ntxov.
  • Txoj kev mob kis tau zoo.
  • Thaum muaj kab mob sib kis, cov neeg laus yuav mob ntau dua.
  • Hnub no mob hnyav rau cov neeg laus, yog tias muaj kab mob sib kis. Nws yog qhov nyuaj tshwj xeeb rau cov neeg mob pw hauv txaj kom dhau qhov mob no.
  • Cov neeg laus muaj feem yuav kis kab mob. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis muaj dab tsi qhia tias muaj tus kab mob.
  • Tsis tshua muaj, cov kab mob cab hloov mus rau lwm daim ntawv, tsuas yog muaj qhov txo qis hauv kev tiv thaiv.
  • Cov neeg muaj mob tsawg dua cov menyuam yaus.
  • Nrog kev sib cuag nrog cov kab mob noj qab haus huv hauv ib pab pawg, cov neeg laus raug txhaj tshuaj thaum meningococcus nkag mus rau hauv cov mucous membrane.

Meningococcal nasopharyngitis muaj lub sijhawm incubation uas kav li ntawm ib mus rau kaum hnub. Feem ntau nws siv peb hnub.

Txoj kev mob ntawm cov menyuam yaus

Nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam, cov kab mob ntawm cov kab mob nyob ntawm seb lub cev tsis muaj zog npaum li cas. Tab sis cov yam ntxwv hauv qab no tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv:

  • Kev mob tshwm sim.
  • Meningococcal nasopharyngitis hauv cov menyuam yaus muaj cov tsos mob zoo ib yam li mob ua pa nyuaj.
  • Tsis yog txhua tus menyuam ua npaws.
  • Cov me nyuam mob ntau zaus.
  • tsis tshua muaj neeg nqa khoom.
  • Kev kho mob tshwm sim hauv 5-7 hnub.
  • Rhinitis, qhov ntswg congestion tshwm sim thaum pib ntawm tus kab mob.
  • Thawj cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam
    Thawj cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam
  • tawm ntawm qhov ntswg muaj purulent impurities thiab mucus.
  • Muaj peev xwm hloov pauv tus kab mob meningococcal mus rau cov ntaub ntawv dav dav.
  • Kev hloov pauv hauv cov ntshav muaj pes tsawg leeg.
  • Tam sim no tsis hnyav.
  • Muaj peev xwm pib sai sai thiab txhim kho sai. Hauv qhov no, cov tsos mob hnyav tshwm sim uas qhia tias tus kab mob tsis yog dav dav.

Feem ntau, tus kab mob meningococcal tshwm sim thaum lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav thiab cuam tshuam feem ntau cov menyuam yaus uas tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob. Tus menyuam yuav tsum tau saib xyuas tas li, txij li thaum tus kab mob kis mus rau hauv daim ntawv dav davTus kab mob no tshwm sim ntawm xob laim ceev, thiab qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau tuag taus. Yog li ntawd, yog xav tias meningococcal nasopharyngitis, tus me nyuam yuav tsum tau mus pw hauv tsev kho mob.

Symptoms of disease

Peb sau cov tsos mob ntawm meningococcal nasopharyngitis:

  • khaw thiab mob caj pas.
  • Mob caj pas thiab mob caj pas
    Mob caj pas thiab mob caj pas
  • Subfebrile kub.
  • Headache tsis tau hais raws li hauv daim ntawv dav dav.
  • Qub, hnoos hnoos.
  • Tsis muaj zog.
  • Ntxhais tawv nqaij.
  • Hyperplasia ntawm tonsils, posterior pharyngeal phab ntsa.

Feem ntau, meningococcal nasopharyngitis yog mob me, tab sis yog tias lub cev tsis muaj zog, cov tsos mob ntawm kev qaug dab peg ntawm lub cev yuav tshwm sim. Xws li cov pob khaus hemorrhagic ntawm daim tawv nqaij, nrog rau cov tsos mob meningeal, yuav tshwm sim. Cov yam ntxwv tsis zoo, feem ntau tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob, tso cai rau tus neeg sawv cev ntawm tus mob meningococcus nkag mus rau hauv cov hlab ntsha, uas ua rau kev txhim kho ntawm meningitis. Cov tsos mob hauv qab no yuav tshwm sim:

  • photophobia.
  • mob taub hau.
  • Hemorrhagic rash.
  • ntuav yam tsis tau nyem.
  • ntse caj dab.
  • Cov me nyuam ntshav siab poob.
  • Paj hauv pob qij txha.
  • High heart rate.
  • Kub nce.

Koj yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob. Yog tias koj pom tus menyuam tsis zoo sai, hu rau lub tsheb thauj neeg mob sai.

Symptomsnasopharyngitis ntawm daim ntawv no ploj hauv 7-10 hnub. Tom qab ntawd, nyob rau hauv 2-3 lub lis piam, kev noj qab haus huv carriage ntawm meningococcus.

Kuv xav kom nco ntsoov tias meningococcal nasopharyngitis hauv cov menyuam yaus thiab cov neeg laus yog qhov nyuaj heev kom paub qhov txawv ntawm cov nasopharyngitis. Nws yog qhov nyuaj rau kev kuaj mob yam tsis muaj kev tshawb fawb kom raug. Yog tias muaj cov tsos mob tshwm sim, xav tias kev sib cuag nrog tus neeg mob uas muaj kab mob meningitis. Yog tias muaj cov tsos mob, lawv raug mus pw hauv tsev kho mob.

Diagnosis

txhawm rau kuaj xyuas "meningococcal nasopharyngitis", nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua qhov kev kuaj mob sib txawv. Rau qhov no koj xav tau:

  • Tshaj keeb kwm kho mob. Mob tshwm sim ntawm tus kab mob. Kev tshwm sim ntawm cov tsos mob tau hais los saum toj no.
  • Qhia meej yog tias muaj kev sib cuag nrog tus neeg mob uas muaj tus kab mob meningococcal lossis nrog tus kab mob bacteriocarrier.
  • Kev kuaj mob ntawm tus kab mob
    Kev kuaj mob ntawm tus kab mob
  • Ua tshuaj ntsuam xyuas.
  • Lab kuaj.
  • kuaj mob, nthuav qhia kev kuaj mob.
  • Kuaj kuaj PCR.
  • Ua tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob.

kho raws sijhawm tuaj yeem cawm tau txoj sia.

Tom ntej no, peb yuav qhia meej seb qhov kev sim kuaj tau ua li cas rau kev kuaj mob.

Kev kuaj kab mob

Kev kuaj mob meningococcal nasopharyngitis yuav tsum suav nrog kev kuaj kab mob bacteriological.

  • Kev tshuaj xyuas cov hnoos qeev ntawm nraub qaum ntawm nasopharynx, los ntawm lub qhov ntswg.
  • Antibody tsom xam hauv RNGA, ELISA.
  • Cov ntshav suav tag yuav qhia tau ESR siab thiab tsis qhialeukocytosis.

Yog xav tias muaj tus kab mob meningococcal, lawv tuaj yeem kuaj tau:

  • Cerebrospinal kua.
  • EDTA ntshav rau kev kuaj PCR.
  • kuaj ntshav ua haujlwm.
  • Coagulogram.
  • Kev sib xyaw ntawm urea thiab creatinine, qabzib.
  • tawm ntawm lub ntsws.

Ua ntej cov kua cerebrospinal tau noj, nws raug nquahu kom ua CT scan ntawm lub hlwb. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no yuav ncua kev kho mob rau qee lub sijhawm, uas yog qhov tsis tsim nyog. Yog li ntawd, yog tias nws tsis tuaj yeem ua CT scan tam sim ntawd, qhov kev tshuaj ntsuam yuav raug coj los tsis muaj qhov kev tshawb fawb no.

Yuav kho li cas?

Yog tias tus menyuam lossis tus neeg laus tau xav tias mob meningococcal nasopharyngitis, yuav tsum tau mus ntsib kws kho mob tam sim ntawd. Tus neeg mob yuav tsum tau mus pw hauv tsev kho mob tshwj xeeb ntawm lub tsev kho mob kis kab mob. Thaum pib, nres kev sib cuag nrog tus neeg nqa khoom ntawm tus kab mob. Tom ntej no, pib kho tam sim ntawd.

Feem ntau siv tshuaj tua kab mob:

  • Amoxicillin.
  • Erythromycin.
  • YCeftriaxone.
  • Kev kho mob meningococcal nasopharyngitis
    Kev kho mob meningococcal nasopharyngitis

Txhawm rau txhawm rau ua npaws thiab txo qhov mob, siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tsis zoo: Ibuprofen; "Nimesulide". Thiab kuj Paracetamol.

Corticosteroids thiab immunoglobulins kuj tseem siv tau.

Nyob rau hauv kev kho mob meningococcal nasopharyngitis, lawv ib txhij siv txhais tau tias rau irrigating lub qhov ntswg thiab caj pas, yaug nrog saline, tshuaj tua kab mob, thiab nqus nrog saline. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum haus dej kom ntau kom txo tau qhov qaug zog ntawm lub cev. Qee zaum, cov vitamins thiab tshuaj uas ua rau muaj kev tiv thaiv kab mob.

Meningococcal nasopharyngitis yog ib yam kab mob sib kis, yog li yuav tsum tau saib xyuas kev pw tsaug zog thiab sib cuag nrog lwm tus.

Txhua tus uas tau ntsib tus neeg mob yuav tsum nyob rau hauv kev saib xyuas ntawm kws kho mob. Nws muaj peev xwm rau lawv los sau cov lus qhia prophylactic ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob.

Yog ib tus neeg nyob ib puag ncig ntawm tus neeg mob muaj cov tsos mob zoo sib xws, nws kuj raug mus pw hauv tsev kho mob.

Hmoov tsis zoo, tus kab mob tuaj yeem hloov mus rau hauv hom kab mob meningococcal, qhov no yog qhov txaus ntshai. Yog tias qhov teeb meem no tau sau tseg, tus neeg mob raug xa mus rau kev saib xyuas hnyav. Cov kev ua hauv qab no tau ua nyob rau ntawd:

  • Kev kho mob detoxification.
  • Anticonvulsant ntsuas.
  • Anti-shock therapy.

Tso tawm hauv tsev kho mob tom qab cov tsos mob tseem ceeb ntawm tus kab mob ploj mus, nrog rau qhov tsis muaj meningococci hauv kev tshuaj xyuas kab mob ntawm lub qhov ntswg thiab pharynx. Bakposev los ntawm nasopharynx yog noj 2 zaug. Thawj peb hnub tom qab siv tshuaj tua kab mob, ob hnub tom ntej.

Yog tias kev kho mob pib lig dhau lawm, cov kab mob neuropsychiatric tuaj yeem txhim kho. Yav tom ntej, yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob tsis tu ncua.

Txhua tus uas muaj tus kab mob meningococcal xav tau kev saib xyuas sab nraud. Nws raug tso cai nkag mus rau hauv pab pawg tom qab 10 hnub ntawm kev tswj hwm hauv tsev thiab tswj bakposev ntawm cov hnoos qeev los ntawm lub qhov ntswg thiab caj pas.

Txhua tus yuav tsum paub tias dab tsi muaj meningococcalCov teeb meem nasopharyngitis.

Muaj feem cuam tshuam

Ua ntej tshaj plaws, yuav tsum txwv tsis pub muaj kev sib cuag, ua ntej ntawm txhua tus, nrog rau cov menyuam yaus uas muaj mob, txij li thaum menyuam yaus lub cev kis tau yooj yim dua.

Nws yuav tsum tau sau tseg tias muaj teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv twg tuaj yeem ua tau yog mob meningococcal nasopharyngitis dhau los ua tus kab mob dav dav:

  • Edema ntawm lub hlwb.
  • Pulmonary edema.
  • Kev txhim kho lub raum tsis ua haujlwm.
  • Cerebral hypotension.
  • Kev cuam tshuam hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub paj hlwb.

Nws tsim nyog nco ntsoov tias cov kab mob fulminant feem ntau xaus rau kev tuag.

Qhov txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws rau tus neeg mob yog tus kab mob bacteriocarrier. Nws tsis yog qhov txaus ntshai rau tus neeg mob nws tus kheej, tab sis rau lwm tus muaj qhov muaj feem kis tau tus mob.

ntsuas kev tiv thaiv kab mob

Thaum muaj mob, yuav tsum tsim kom muaj kev cais tawm. Cov neeg tiv tauj raug tshuaj xyuas. Yog tias kuaj pom meningococcus, cov menyuam yaus, cov txheeb ze, thiab cov npoj yaig raug saib xyuas rau 10 hnub.

Kev tiv thaiv yog txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv. Thaum muaj kev sib kis, txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis pub dawb. Rau lub hom phiaj tiv thaiv, tib neeg tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm lub siab nyiam. Cov menyuam yaus tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob meningococcal tom qab ib xyoos. Kev txhaj tshuaj rov ua dua tom qab peb xyoos.

Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas twb muaj lawm:

  • "Meningococcal pawg A tshuaj tiv thaiv, qhuav polysaccharide."
  • Meningo A+C.
  • Menactra.
  • "Polysaccharide meningococcal vaccine A+C."
  • Mensevax ACWY.

Qee cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tiv thaiv peb serotypes, qee qhov tiv thaiv ib qho. Qhov no yog qhov txawv ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv muaj pes tsawg leeg.

Saib pawg uas xav tau tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob meningococcal:

  • Cov me nyuam hnub nyoog 2 txog 10 xyoo.
  • Tshuaj tiv thaiv pom zoo rau hnub nyoog 11 txog 18 xyoo thiab hnub nyoog 19 txog 55.
  • Cov neeg muaj kev pheej hmoo: cov tub rog, cov tub ntxhais kawm tshiab nyob hauv tsev so.
  • Cov neeg tuaj ntawm lub tebchaws muaj qhov xwm txheej txaus ntshai.
  • Tus neeg raug tus neeg nqa khoom thiab tus neeg mob.
  • Kev txhaj tshuaj - txhim khu kev qha tiv thaiv kab mob
    Kev txhaj tshuaj - txhim khu kev qha tiv thaiv kab mob

Kuj kev tiv thaiv muaj xws li:

  • Ntxuav thiab ntxuav qhov chaw siv tshuaj ntxuav tes thiab tshuaj tua kab mob.
  • Qhov cua.
  • UV irradiation ntawm chav uas tus neeg mob nyob.

Kev tiv thaiv nws yog qhov tsim nyog:

  • Tshuaj tiv thaiv raws sijhawm.
  • Kua chav huv.
  • ua kom ntub dej.
  • Nco ntsoov kuaj pom muaj meningococcus hauv lub cev.
  • Txhim tiv thaiv kab mob.

Nco ntsoov tias nasopharyngitis yog ib hom kab mob meningococcal. Thaum cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob ua pa hnyav tshwm sim hauv tus menyuam, koj yuav tsum sab laj nrog kws kho mob kom tsis txhob nco tus kab mob txaus ntshai.

Kev tiv thaiv yuav txo qhov yuav kis tau tus kab mob lossis mob hnyav. Txhua tus muaj lub luag haujlwm rau lawv tus kheej noj qab haus huv, thiab cov niam txiv muaj lub luag haujlwm rau kev noj qab haus huv ntawm lawv cov menyuam.

Pom zoo: