Metastatic plab mob qog noj ntshav: cov tsos mob, kev kuaj mob, kev kho mob thiab khoom noj khoom haus, kev kuaj mob

Cov txheej txheem:

Metastatic plab mob qog noj ntshav: cov tsos mob, kev kuaj mob, kev kho mob thiab khoom noj khoom haus, kev kuaj mob
Metastatic plab mob qog noj ntshav: cov tsos mob, kev kuaj mob, kev kho mob thiab khoom noj khoom haus, kev kuaj mob

Video: Metastatic plab mob qog noj ntshav: cov tsos mob, kev kuaj mob, kev kho mob thiab khoom noj khoom haus, kev kuaj mob

Video: Metastatic plab mob qog noj ntshav: cov tsos mob, kev kuaj mob, kev kho mob thiab khoom noj khoom haus, kev kuaj mob
Video: Hlwv dej hauv tsev me nyuam 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
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Metastasized plab mob cancer yog ib yam kab mob txaus ntshai heev thiab insidious uas nyuaj heev los kuaj pom thaum ntxov. Kev xeev siab thiab mob hauv plab tuaj yeem qhia txog kev txhim kho ntawm lub plab lossis kab mob plab, yog li cov neeg uas muaj cov tsos mob zoo li no yuav tsis tas yuav xav tias muaj kab mob hnyav dua. Thiab qee zaum, mob qog noj ntshav plab tshwm tsis muaj tsos mob tshwm sim. Tsuas muaj ib txoj hauv kev tawm xwb - yog tias koj xav tiv thaiv koj tus kheej, tsis tu ncua mus rau gastroscopy thiab tso tus cwj pwm phem.

tus kab mob no yog dab tsi

Mob plab plab pib nrog cov kab mob mucosal, thiab tom qab ntawd metastases tshwm sim sai heev, uas npog cov kab mob nyob ze, qee zaum txawm tias lub ntsws. Nyob rau hauv Russia, pathology tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim thaum ntxov, ib feem yog vim tsis muaj kev paub ntawm cov kws kho mob thiab tsis muaj cov cuab yeej kho mob, ib feem yog vim kev ua txhaum ntawm tib neeg lawv tus kheej, uas tawv ncauj tsis kam saib xyuas lawv txoj kev noj qab haus huv. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, mob qog noj ntshav nrog metastases nyob rau qib thib ob hauv oncology cov neeg mob tuag: kwv yees li 12% ntawm cov txiv neej thiab 10% ntawm cov poj niam tuag los ntawm nws.

Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev nthuav dav, hauvNyob rau hauv Russia, mob qog noj ntshav yog nyob rau hauv thib tsib qhov chaw ntawm oncological pathologies. Raws li kev txheeb cais, qhov tshwm sim yog kwv yees li 28%. Ntau zaus, pathology raug kuaj pom hauv cov txiv neej. Ntxiv mus, feem ntau ntawm cov neeg mob muaj hnub nyoog tshaj tsib caug xyoo. Qhov kev nplij siab tsuas yog nyob rau xyoo tas los no, qhov xwm txheej tau pib poob.

Mob qog noj ntshav tuaj yeem npog qhov sib txawv ntawm lub plab - sab sauv, qis thiab nruab nrab. Feem ntau, qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov qog yog ua ntej los ntawm cov mob precancerous, uas yog nrog los ntawm kev hloov hauv cov qauv thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov hlwb hauv lub cev. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, polyps, mob plab, ib qho mob ntev ntawm gastritis nrog qis acidity tshwm.

Dab tsi yog qhov txaus ntshai mob qog noj ntshav nrog metastases
Dab tsi yog qhov txaus ntshai mob qog noj ntshav nrog metastases

Pathology yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev xav tau nce mus rau qhov tshwm sim thaum ntxov ntawm ntau foci nyob deb. Hauv kev mob qog noj ntshav, cov kab mob metastases feem ntau cuam tshuam rau lub siab thiab cov qog ntshav. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub ntsws, lub hlwb, thiab cov leeg nqaij tuaj yeem koom nrog hauv cov txheej txheem pathological. Nrog nws txoj kev loj hlob, kev ua haujlwm ntawm ntau lub cev tseem ceeb tau cuam tshuam, uas, vim li ntawd, ua rau tus neeg mob tuag.

Cov neeg nyob nrog mob qog noj ntshav nrog metastases ntev npaum li cas? Qhov nruab nrab, lub neej ntawm tus neeg uas muaj qhov kev kuaj mob no yog txo los ntawm 15 xyoo. Tab sis qhov ntsuas no yog tus kheej thiab nyob ntawm, feem ntau, ntawm lub sijhawm ntawm kev kuaj mob thiab pib kho.

Cov kws kho mob muab kev pom zoo zoo txog kev muaj sia nyob ntawm cov qog hauv plab, yog tias kuaj pom cov kab mob nyob rau theem pib. Hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, tom qab kev kho mob, muaj sia nyobmus txog 5 xyoos lossis ntau dua. Tab sis nrog mob qog noj ntshav nrog qib 4 metastases, qhov kev tshwm sim tsis yog rosy. Cov neeg mob uas muaj tus kab mob no feem ntau tsis nyob ntev dua 2-3 xyoos.

Ua rau kab mob

Txog tam sim no, tsis paub txog qhov yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej rau kev txhim kho qog noj ntshav. Tab sis ib qho tuaj yeem hais meej: qhov txawv txav ntawm cov hlwb tsis tshwm sim tam sim ntawd. Qhov no yuav tsum tau muaj lwm yam pathologies thiab cov sequential lossis parallel cuam tshuam ntawm provoking yam ntawm lub plab.

Nyob rau hauv cov neeg uas raug kev txom nyem los ntawm cov kab mob ntawm lub plab zom mov, mob qog noj ntshav tuaj yeem tshwm sim ntawm keeb kwm ntawm reflux gastritis, uas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv keeb kwm yav dhau ntawm kev tso tawm cov ntsiab lus alkaline los ntawm duodenum rau hauv plab. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov qog yuav nce ntau zaus tom qab 5-10 xyoo tom qab kev phais hauv cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm lub cev.

Muaj lwm yam laj thawj rau kev txhim kho mob qog noj ntshav nrog metastases. Lawv tuaj yeem pom tus kheej thiab hauv txhua qhov nyuaj.

  • Helicobacter pylori. Cov kws kho mob tau ua pov thawj ntev tias tus kab mob no, uas tuaj yeem muaj sia nyob hauv ib puag ncig acidic, feem ntau yog thawj qhov ua rau mob plab thiab mob plab. Thiab raws li kev txheeb cais, nws yog cov kab mob no uas feem ntau ua rau mob qog noj ntshav. Cov kab mob no ua rau cov mucous membranes, vim tias hydrochloric acid tam sim no nyob rau hauv cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo cuam tshuam rau cov txheej txheem tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv thiab cov phab ntsa ntawm lub cev. Yog li ntawd, ulceration thiab yaig tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub plab. Cov kab mob ntev ntev muab qhov chaw zoo rau kev loj hlob ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav cancer.
  • Kev noj tej yam khoom noj. Ntau dhau ntawm cov zaub mov ntawm kib, haus luam yeeb,fatty, ntsim, kaus poom thiab qab ntsev nyob rau qee lub sij hawm ua rau muaj kev mob qog noj ntshav. Raws li ntau cov kev tshawb fawb, nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws uas muaj cov kab mob no feem ntau, tib neeg noj ntau cov khoom noj starchy. Tsis muaj kev noj haus, noj ntau dhau, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum pw, ceev ceev, tsis tshua muaj khoom noj txom ncauj - tag nrho cov no systematically overloads thiab tsis muaj zog lub plab, ua rau kev loj hlob ntawm ntau yam kab mob.
  • Kev noj cov nitrites thiab nitrates. Cov khoom no, uas muaj tshuaj lom neeg ua haujlwm, tuaj yeem ua rau lub plab zom mov, nkag mus rau hauv cov qauv ntawm tes thiab ua rau lawv degeneration. Qhov chaw ntawm nitrates thiab nitrites feem ntau yog zaub zoo tib yam. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov tshuaj muaj teeb meem rau tib neeg lub cev yog txuam nrog kev siv cov chiv nitrogen thiab lwm yam tsis raug hauv cov txheej txheem cog qoob loo. Muaj tseeb tiag, cov khoom tsis zoo kuj tuaj yeem pom muaj hauv npias, luam yeeb, khoom noj qhuav thiab haus luam yeeb, cheeses thiab tshuaj pleev ib ce.
  • Kev haus luam yeeb thiab haus luam yeeb. Ntxiv nrog rau qhov tseeb tias cawv muaj tag nrho tib cov nitrites thiab nitrates, ethyl cawv yog suav tias yog ib qho muaj zog provocateur ntawm mob qog noj ntshav, uas ua rau mob erosive txheej txheem nyob rau hauv lub plab kab noj hniav. Raws li kev haus luam yeeb, nws qhov kev puas tsuaj tau ua pov thawj ntau zaus: qhov ntev ntawm tus neeg haus luam yeeb, qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob qog noj ntshav ntau dua.
Yog vim li cas rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm mob plab
Yog vim li cas rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm mob plab
  • siv tshuaj mus ntev. Anti-inflammatory tshuaj, tshuaj tua kab mob thiabcorticosteroids.
  • Kev cuam tshuam ntawm hluav taws xob. Kev puas hlwb degeneration feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog cov xov tooj cua.

Cov pab pawg muaj kev pheej hmoo suav nrog cov neeg rog rog, tau phais plab zom mov, muaj qog nqaij hlav hauv lwm lub cev lossis cov caj ces ntawm tus kabmob.

Dab tsi ua rau mob qog noj ntshav

Raws li tau hais lawm, cov qog tsis tshwm sim tshwm sim. Nws yeej ib txwm ua ntej los ntawm qee yam kab mob. Tag nrho cov pathologies no muaj kev cuam tshuam rau lub plab mucosa, ua rau pom cov epithelium uas tsis yog yam ntxwv ntawm lub cev.

  • Polyps. Lawv degenerate mus rau hauv ib tug malignant neoplasm nyob rau hauv li 30-50% ntawm tag nrho cov mob.
  • ntshav qab zib vim tsis muaj vitamin B12. Cov khoom no ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim ntawm txhua lub hlwb, thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm lub plab.
  • mob plab. Qee hom kab mob no tuaj yeem ua rau tuag tes tuag taw. Thiab Menetrier tus kab mob ua rau kev loj hlob txawv txav ntawm lub epithelium.
  • Ntsuag. Qhov zaus ntawm nws txoj kev hloov mus rau cov qog yog 5-12%.
Dab tsi pab txhawb kev loj hlob ntawm mob qog noj ntshav
Dab tsi pab txhawb kev loj hlob ntawm mob qog noj ntshav

thawj cov tsos mob ntawm pathology

Nyob rau theem pib, mob qog noj ntshav plab yuav luag tsis pom, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias nws tshwm sim tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm lub plab. Tab sis yog tias koj mob siab rau koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv, koj tseem tuaj yeem kuaj pom kab mob hauv lub sijhawm.

mob plab hnyuv ntawm txhua theem muaj cov cim qhia uas yog yam ntxwv ntawm ib qho oncology:

  • nrawm nrawm;
  • kev qaug zog;
  • poob ceeb thawj yam tsis muaj laj thawj.

Ntxiv rau, lwm cov tsos mob tuaj yeem qhia txog kev txhim kho ntawm cov txheej txheem pathological:

  • tsis xis nyob hauv plab tom qab noj mov, xws li plab zom mov lossis ua kom puv;
  • xeev siab, ntuav me ntsis, ntuav;
  • npub, mob lossis rub qhov mob hauv thaj chaw cuam tshuam - tuaj yeem tshwm sim tom qab noj mov lossis tsis hais txog kev noj zaub mov;
  • poob qab los tsis muaj laj thawj;
  • mob siab heev, nqhis dej thiab zaub mov nyuaj;
  • ntuav stagnation lossis ntshav cov zaub mov, nrog rau cov quav ua kua dub, yog vim li cas thiaj hu rau chav xwm txheej ceev.
Cov tsos mob ntawm plab mob cancer nrog metastases
Cov tsos mob ntawm plab mob cancer nrog metastases

Stages

Cov kws kho mob paub qhov txawv 4 theem ntawm mob qog noj ntshav nrog metastases. Qhov siab dua ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm qhov tsis xws luag, nws yooj yim dua los txheeb xyuas cov kab mob, cov tsos mob hnyav dua thiab muaj feem tsawg tus neeg mob muaj sia nyob.

  • Zero stage. Nrog rau tus kab mob no, tsuas yog cov mucous membrane cuam tshuam. Hauv qhov no, kev kho mob qog noj ntshav yuav raug txwv rau kev cuam tshuam endoscopic hauv qab tshuaj loog. Feem ntau, qhov kev kwv yees ntxiv yuav luag ib txwm muaj txiaj ntsig.
  • 1 theem. Cov qog nkag mus tob dua thiab pab tsim cov metastases hauv cov qog ntshav nyob ib ncig ntawm lub cev. Cov ciaj sia nyob rau theem no nce mus txog 70-80%, txawm li cas los xij, cov qog nqaij hlav no pom tsawg heev.
  • 2 theem. Lub neoplasm tsis npog tsuas yog cov leeg nqaij ntawm lub cev, muaj ib txwm metastases hauv cov qog ntshav. Tus nqi ciaj sia 5 xyoos rau qib ntawm mob qog noj ntshav yog kwv yees li 56%.
  • 3theem. Tsis tsuas yog cov phab ntsa ntawm lub plab, tab sis kuj cov qog nqaij hlav hauv cov txheej txheem pathological. Qhov no pathology yog kuaj tau ntau zaus. Qhov ntawd tsuas yog kev ciaj sia ntawm 5 xyoos hauv qhov xwm txheej no tsuas yog tshwm sim hauv 20-38% ntawm tib neeg.
  • 4 theem. Mob qog noj ntshav nrog metastases uas kuaj pom hauv pancreas, peritoneum, cov hlab ntsha loj, zes qe menyuam, daim siab thiab txawm tias lub ntsws. Kev ciaj sia ntawm 5 xyoos tshwm sim hauv tsuas yog 5% ntawm cov neeg mob. Hmoov tsis zoo, theem 4 mob qog noj ntshav nrog metastases tau kuaj pom feem ntau.

Raws li koj pom, daim duab no txaus ntshai heev. Txawm tias muaj kev kho kom tiav tsis tas yuav ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim zoo: mob qog noj ntshav hauv plab nrog metastases tuaj yeem rov ua dua, uas tsis tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm los ntawm kev phais.

Txoj kev ntawm metastasis

mob plab plab yog nrog los ntawm qhov tshwm sim sai ntawm metastases hauv cov kabmob sib txawv. Muaj ob txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb ntawm metastasis - hematogenous thiab lymphogenous.

Metastases uas kis los ntawm cov kab mob lymphatic muaj lawv tus kheej lub npe:

  • Schnitzler - mus rau cov qog nqaij hlav pararectal.
  • Virchow - hauv thaj av supraclavicular.
  • Iris - nyob rau hauv lub axillary lymph nodes.
  • Krukenberg - hauv zes qe menyuam.
  • Mary Joseph - nyob rau hauv lub dab teg.

Hematogenous metastasis feem ntau tshwm sim hauv lub ntsws, hlwb, lub raum, tab sis ntau zaus hauv daim siab. Kev mob qog noj ntshav hauv plab nrog metastases rau cov qog adrenal thiab pancreas yog qhov tsawg dua.

Lub xub ntiag thiab tus naj npawb ntawm pathological foci txiav txim siab hom kev phais thiab tshuaj,siv thaum siv tshuaj khomob. Qhov kev kwv yees ntxiv thiab lub neej expectancy ntawm tus neeg mob kuj nyob ntawm qhov no.

Diagnosis

Kev kuaj pom theem 4 mob qog noj ntshav nrog metastases tsis nyuaj. Tab sis nrog rau kev kuaj mob ntawm lwm theem ntawm pathology, teeb meem feem ntau tshwm sim. Yog tias tus neeg mob keeb kwm muaj ntau yam kev pheej hmoo thiab muaj cov kab mob caj ces, cov kws kho mob siv cov kev kuaj ntxiv.

  • Kev tshuaj xyuas cov quav rau qhov muaj cov ntshav occult yog txoj kev kuaj mob yooj yim tshaj plaws uas tso cai rau koj txheeb xyuas cov kab mob txawm tias thaum pib ntawm kev loj hlob.
  • Gastroscopy - ua kom nws ua tib zoo tshuaj xyuas cov mucous ntawm lub plab zom mov thiab ua qhov biopsy.
  • Contrast fluoroscopy - tso cai rau koj txheeb xyuas ntau yam cim qhia ntawm qog nqaij hlav hauv plab.
  • Ultrasound ntawm lub plab plab - siv los kuaj xyuas cov neoplasm nws tus kheej thiab metastases.
Kev kuaj mob plab
Kev kuaj mob plab
  • CT - ua rau nws tuaj yeem kuaj mob qog noj ntshav, tab sis feem ntau siv los kuaj pom metastases.
  • Laparoscopy - siv los kuaj pom me me metastases hauv plab kab noj hniav.
  • Kev kuaj ntshav rau cov qog nqaij hlav yog qhia tsuas yog hauv ib nrab ntawm tus neeg mob.

Kev kho mob metastases thiab mob plab hnyuv

Thaum thawj theem, kev phais feem ntau ua tiav - tshem tawm tag nrho cov khoom nruab nrog cev lossis nws qhov kev txiav. Qhov no tso cai rau koj tshem tawm ntau cov tsos mob, txo tus neeg mob thiab ua kom nws lub neej ntev.

Tom qab ntawd tshem tawmcuam tshuam cov qog thiab cov kabmob hauv nruab nrog cev uas pom muaj metastases. Tom qab kev cuam tshuam, yog tias tsim nyog, hluav taws xob lossis tshuaj khomob yog ua.

Kev kho mob plab hnyuv nrog metastases
Kev kho mob plab hnyuv nrog metastases

Nws tsis tsim nyog ncua kev ua haujlwm, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias tus neeg mob muaj mob qog noj ntshav nrog qib 4 metastases. Tus neeg yuav nyob ntev npaum li cas yog nyob ntawm seb qhov kev cuam tshuam sai npaum li cas, cov qog thiab qog tau raug tshem tawm ntau npaum li cas.

Txoj haujlwm ntawm kev ua haujlwm

Ua ntej lub sijhawm teem sijhawm ntawm kev cuam tshuam kev phais, tus neeg mob yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas txhua yam tsim nyog: kev kuaj mob ntawm cov hlab ntsws thiab cov hlab plawv, kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm lub xeev kev noj qab haus huv thiab muaj contraindications. Tus nqi ntawm kev phais yog nyob ntawm theem ntawm mob qog noj ntshav.

  • Thaum theem 1, cov kws kho mob feem ntau tswj kom tshem tawm cov qog kom tiav. Thaum muaj kev cuam tshuam, kev kawm tshwj xeeb yog ua, uas tso cai rau koj los txiav txim seb cov qog nqaij hlav puas nyob. Yog tias tsim nyog, qhov ntim ntawm kev ua haujlwm tau nce.
  • Ntawm theem 2 thiab 3, ib qho khoom nruab nrog raug tshem tawm lossis tshem tawm tag nrho. Feem ntau cov qog ntshav nyob ze kuj raug tshem tawm - qhov no yog qhov tsim nyog los tiv thaiv metastasis.
  • Nyob rau theem 4 mob qog noj ntshav nrog metastases, kev kho mob yog nqa tawm kom normalize lub plab zom mov thiab txo qhov loj ntawm neoplasm. Qhov kev cuam tshuam zoo li no tsis ua rau rov zoo, tab sis ua kom lub neej zoo ntawm tus neeg mob.
Kev phais mob plab hnyuv nrog metastases
Kev phais mob plab hnyuv nrog metastases

Khoom noj khoom haus rau mob plab nrogmetastases

Tam sim tom qab txiav txim qhov kev kuaj mob, tus kws kho mob tau sau tshuaj noj rau tus neeg mob. Yuav tsum tau rau:

  • tsawg poob phaus;
  • txo txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov teeb meem thaum lub sijhawm kho dua tshiab;
  • kev tiv thaiv kab mob;
  • txhim kho lub cev muaj peev xwm rov tsim dua tshiab.

Tsuas muaj ob peb txoj cai rau cov neeg mob mob plab:

  • zaub mov yuav tsum ci, stewed los yog boiled;
  • txhua hnub cov ntawv qhia zaub mov yuav tsum muaj cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tshiab, zaub lossis kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo los ntawm lawv;
  • Yuav tsum muaj 5-6 pluas noj ib hnub.

Kev noj haus yuav txawv, nyob ntawm theem ntawm kev kho. Tom qab siv tshuaj kho mob, ib tug neeg raug qhia kom haus cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tshiab thiab kua txiv ntau npaum li sai tau.

Pom zoo: