Ntau tshaj li ib nrab ntawm tag nrho cov neeg laus tsis tuaj yeem haus cov khoom siv mis nyuj uas tsis raug cai. Xws li ib tug tsis kaj siab surprise rau ib tug neeg uas haus cov mis nyuj tshiab dawb do qee lub sij hawm dhau los hloov mus ua tsis tau ib tug pathology, tab sis ib tug kiag li tus qauv. Nws yog txhua yam hais txog lactase deficiency (hauv cov neeg laus, nws tshwm sim, raws li txoj cai, hauv 7 kis ntawm 10), uas yog, qhov poob ntawm lub cev tsis muaj peev xwm ua tiav cov kua mis qab zib. Tib lub sijhawm, cov kab mob no tau nthuav tawm ntau txoj hauv kev thiab muaj qhov tshwm sim tsis txaus ntseeg tshaj plaws.
Mechanism of lactase deficiency
Cov tshuaj lactose, txwv tsis pub mis nyuj qab zib, uas muab cov khoom noj siv mis tshiab rau lawv cov saj qab qab, yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm tus menyuam. Txawm li cas los xij, ua ntej nws pib muaj nws qhov kev cuam tshuam zoo, nws yuav tsum tau muab faib ua cov khoom siv yooj yim, txhua qhov yog qhov ywj pheej. Kev sib cais ntawm cov khoom mus rau hauv qabzib thiab galactose tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub plab zom mov nyob rau hauv lub zog ntawm ib tug tshwj xeeb enzyme - lactase.
Nws yog tag nrho tsim nyob rau hauv tib neeg txoj hnyuv ib puag ncig. Rau qhov tsawg dua - enterocytes, cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm plab hnyuv mucosa, thiab ntau dua - cov kab mob ua lub luag haujlwm rau normalization ntawm microflora. Tag nrho nws cov kev ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv qhov kev sib cais tas li ntawm lactic acid rau hauv monosaccharides:
- glucose, nrog kev pab los ntawm kev zom zaub mov thiab nqus ntawm micro- thiab macroelements hauv tus menyuam lub cev tau txhim kho, thiab tsim cov txheej txheem kom raug ntawm txoj hnyuv;
- galactose, yam tsis muaj qhov tsim ntawm lub hauv nruab nrab paj hlwb thiab lub zog ntawm retina ntawm lub qhov muag yog qhov tseem ceeb.
Nws yog ib txwm rau tus menyuam mos kom tsis zom cov lactose tag nrho. Txawm li cas los xij, nws cov khoom txuam rau ntau dhau yuav qhia ncaj qha rau qhov tsis muaj enzyme, nrog rau cov kws kho mob kuaj mob lactase deficiency. Tib yam pathology tshwm sim li cas hauv cov neeg laus?
kab mob Lactase hauv cov neeg laus
Pib pib txij thaum muaj hnub nyoog peb xyoos, qhov kev siv ntawm cov enzyme kev ua haujlwm poob qis, vim feem ntau nws tseem tsis tau lees paub. Qhov ua rau tsis muaj lactase nyob rau hauv cov neeg laus kuj tuaj yeem kis tau cov kab mob, uas yuav qhia nws daim ntawv thib ob. Qhov teeb meem no tsis tuaj yeem hu ua insoluble, vim tias tag nrho cov kev kho mob muaj nyob rau hauv ib qho yooj yim rejection ntawm cov khoom siv mis nyuj.
Nws nyuaj npaum li cas yog qhov etiology ntawm qhov tsis muaj enzyme yog ib yam kab mob uas yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas thiab kho. Tom qab ntawd lactase deficiency nyob rau hauv ib tug neeg laus ua hauj lwm ua ib lub teeb liab rau qhov twgyuav tsum tau saib xyuas, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias nws tshwm sim tam sim ntawd.
Kev faib kab mob
Cov enzyme uas zom lactose tuaj yeem ua tsis tiav hauv tib neeg lub cev - thiab tom qab ntawd lawv tham txog qhov tsis txaus, uas tsis tshua muaj, vim nws cov keeb kwm caj ces. Xws li ib tug pathology tshwm sim thaum lub outwardly ib txwm ua hauj lwm ntawm plab hnyuv enterocytes, uas yog nrog los ntawm lawv tag nrho tsis muaj peev xwm tsim lactase. Lwm yam kev hloov pauv ntawm lactase deficiency hauv cov neeg laus thiab menyuam yaus feem ntau yog cov txheej txheem cuam tshuam lossis txo qis kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov enzyme uas twb muaj lawm:
- daim ntawv ua haujlwm tshwm sim thaum muaj cov lactase txaus thaum lub cev tsis tuaj yeem ua tiav;
- Kev tsis txaus lactase hauv cov neeg laus kho tom qab kev txheeb xyuas thiab tshem tawm cov kab mob tam sim no, ua rau kev puas tsuaj lossis depersonalization ntawm enzyme;
- Daim ntawv hloov pauv tshwm sim hauv cov menyuam yug ntxov ntxov uas tsis muaj sijhawm los ntawm kev ua kom lactase, uas yog tsim nyob rau lub sijhawm kawg ntawm cev xeeb tub.
Feem ntau, cov kws kho mob hauv lawv qhov kev coj ua tau ntsib nrog cov lactase tsis txaus. Nws tshwm sim ntau zaus hauv cov neeg laus dua li cov menyuam yaus. Thiab yog tias tom kawg, qhov qub digestibility ntawm cov mis nyuj qab zib, raws li txoj cai, tau rov qab los tom qab kev kho mob, cov neeg laus cov neeg mob yuav muaj kev pheej hmoo ua rau tsis muaj zog lactose kam rau ua txawm tias tom qab kho.
Yog vim li cas rau theem nrabLactase deficiency
Qhov xwm txheej ntawm tus kab mob yog nyob rau hauv keeb kwm - ib tug neeg uas tau mus kawm txog keeb kwm ntawm nws tus kheej intolerance rau mis nyuj, tsim nyob rau hauv prenatal lub sij hawm, yuav ib txwm pom ib tug ntshav cov txheeb ze raug kev txom nyem los ntawm pathology. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no yog cais tawm tias kev kis kab mob yuav luag tsis tau lees paub.
Lwm yam yog qhov tsis txaus enzyme thib ob. Nws tsim yog ua ntej los ntawm qhov tsis meej pem hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub plab zom mov raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm tus kab mob yav dhau los (tam sim no) lossis cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau qee yam sab nraud. Tej yam ua tau ntawm lactase deficiency hauv cov neeg laus yog:
- prematurity;
- kab mob ntawm txoj hnyuv loj lossis me me cuam tshuam nrog kev kis kab mob lossis muaj cov kab mob hauv cov kab mob;
- raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev phais plab nrog (txiav) txoj hnyuv;
- kab mob celiac;
- Crohn's disease;
- Kev noj ntau dhau lossis tsis lees txais qee yam tshuaj los ntawm lub cev.
Tus kws kho mob yuav tuaj yeem txiav txim siab qhov keeb kwm ntawm pathology tsuas yog tom qab kuaj pom. Lactase deficiency hauv cov neeg laus feem ntau daws tau tom qab tshem tawm cov khoom noj siv mis los ntawm kev noj haus, yog li yog tias tsis muaj lwm yam teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv thab tus neeg, nws txaus los tshem tawm cov khoom tsis txaus ntseeg thiab ua yam tsis muaj kev sim.
Yuav ua li cas thiaj paub tus kab mob?
Kev kuaj tus kheej ntawm kev puas tsuaj sai saikev noj qab haus huv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias, tsis ntev ua ntej qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev ceeb toom, ib tus neeg siv cov tshuaj muaj lactose, nws tsis yooj yim los nqa. Cov tsos mob ntawm lactase tsis txaus hauv cov neeg laus yuav nyiam tam sim ntawd:
- xeev siab, tsawg zaus - ntuav nrog ntau pawg sib cais;
- gas tsim, flatulence;
- mob raws plab nrog mob plab thiab hnyuv;
- daim tawv nqaij, pob khaus;
- Heev CoH, Qeeb Melching;
- kiv taub hau, qaug zog.
Raws li txoj cai, cov tsos mob ntawm lactase deficiency hauv cov neeg laus tshwm sim tsis pub dhau ob teev tom qab haus mis nyuj. Ib tug yam ntxwv loj hlob los yog paroxysmal xeev tshwm sim nrog ib tug siv proportional rau tus nqi ntawm cov khoom txwv tsis pub qaug dej qaug cawv, nrog rau qhov hnyav thiab daim ntawv ntawm tus kab mob. Qee lub sij hawm cov tsos mob ntawm lactase tsis txaus nyob rau hauv cov neeg laus uas siv cov mis nyuj me me yuav tsis tshwm sim los yog tshwm sim rau qib me me.
Hauv lwm qhov xwm txheej, qhov pib ntawm malaise tuaj yeem nyuaj rau tus cwj pwm ntawm qhov muaj lactose thiab tuaj yeem tsis meej pem nrog cov tshuaj lom lossis teeb meem plawv. Ib tug neeg xav tias muaj hyperhidrosis, nce lub plawv dhia thiab ua pa nyuaj. Qee zaum, tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm cov tsos mob tshwm sim, tsis nco qab tshwm sim.
Txoj kev kuaj thawj zaug
Symptomology thiab keeb kwm noj yog thawj kauj ruam hauv kev tsim kev kuaj mob, ua raws li thawj zaug txwv kev noj zaub mov. Nrog kev pab los ntawm kws kho mob, tshwj xeebkev noj zaub mov uas tsis suav nrog kev muaj lactose kiag li, thiab lub sijhawm raug tsim los ntawm kev tswj hwm yuav ua tiav. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev tshawb fawb hauv chaw soj nstuam ntawm cov quav tau ua los ntsuas qhov muaj cov carbohydrates nyob ntawd, uas, raws li koj paub, tsim lub hauv paus ntawm ntau cov suab thaj.
Thaum nws los txog rau kev kuaj mob thiab kev kho mob ntawm lactase deficiency nyob rau hauv cov neeg laus, koj yuav tsum to taub tus kws kho mob koj yuav tsum tau hu rau ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, namely, ib tug gastroenterologist. Twb tau nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia los ntawm nws, tej zaum koj yuav tau mus tham nrog ib tug endocrinologist thiab lwm tus kws kho mob nqaim, nws txoj hauj lwm yuav yog los soj ntsuam cov kev hloov uas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub cev thaum lub sij hawm tus kab mob.
Kev kuaj rau lactase deficiency
Nyob rau hauv Russia, lub ntsiab lus ntawm lactase deficiency nyob rau hauv cov neeg laus thiab cov me nyuam tsis nyob rau hauv xws li ib tug theem uas tsawg kawg yog ib qho kev soj ntsuam muab ib tug unambiguous lus teb rau lub xub ntiag ntawm tus kab mob thiab qib ntawm pathology. Cov khoom siv tau yooj yim tshaj plaws, thiab yog li kev tshuaj xyuas ntau dua, yog thiab tseem yog cov khoom khaws cia thiab kev kawm txog nws cov ntsiab lus carbohydrate.
Nws yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab tias ib txwm tom qab siv cov kua mis qab zib hauv cov quav yuav tsum tsis txhob ntau tshaj 0, 25% ntawm carbohydrates. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj cov ntaub ntawv sib cais rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog sib txawv, qhia cov lej sib txawv. Tsis tas li ntawd, nyob rau hauv lub rooj ntawm qhov tseem ceeb rau cov neeg laus tsis muaj qhov qhia tau tias pawg twg ntawm carbohydrates yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab, thiab qhov twg yog qhov tseem ceeb thiab tsis suav nrog tag nrho cov feem pua. Vim li no, kev tsom xam ua lub luag haujlwmib qho ntawm cov kev tshawb fawb pom zoo, tab sis feem ntau nws kuj tawm tswv yim ib leeg xwb.
Lwm txoj kev muab qhov feem pua ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev txiav txim siab qhov kev kuaj mob thiab ua rau muaj kev kho mob ntau dua rau cov neeg laus thiab menyuam yaus - qhov no yog cov txheej txheem biopsy, uas yog, noj cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm lub cev. cov hnyuv. Nws yog invasive thiab muaj kev raug mob loj heev, yog li nws tau sau ntau zaus thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tsis tshua muaj rau cov menyuam yaus, vim nws suav nrog kev siv tshuaj loog hauv cov txheej txheem.
Txoj kev tshawb fawb tom ntej - lactose nkhaus - yog qhov tsis sib haum xeeb, vim nws koom nrog kev noj cov mis nyuj qab zib ntawm lub plab khoob, ua raws li kev hloov pauv hauv cov ntshav qabzib. Nrog rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv zoo rau lactose, qhov kev sim ua rau muaj kev phom sij, tab sis suav tias yog ob peb zaug ntau dua kev ntseeg siab dua li kev sim quav, uas qee zaum ua pov thawj qhov txaus ntshai.
Qhov kev sim rau cov nyiaj hydrogen hauv huab cua exhaled yog suav tias yog qhov kim tshaj plaws thiab yog li tsis yog ib txwm muaj kev daws teeb meem. Tus neeg mob tau muab mis nyuj qab zib, thiab tom qab ntawd, nyob rau lub sijhawm tsis tu ncua, cov ntaub ntawv tau txais los ntawm huab cua exhaled yog saib xyuas ntawm lub sensors ntawm lub cuab yeej.
Kev kho mob
Ua ntej pib kev kho mob ntawm lactose deficiency hauv cov neeg laus, kws kho mob plab pom zoo kom rov ua kom cov plab hnyuv microflora cuam tshuam los ntawm kev mob tshwm sim los ntawm kev siv cov khoom txwv. Txhawm rau rov ua kom cov kab mob noj qab haus huv uas tswj hwm lub cev acidity kom zoo, sau ntawv:
- "Bifidumbacterin" - ib qho probiotic nrog cov kab mob ib puag ncig uas twb tau loj hlob thiab npaj rau kev nqis tes ua, uas yuav tsum tau coj mus rau ntau qhov kev kawm ntev;
- "Bifidum Bag" - ib qho probiotic nyob rau hauv ib qho concentrated, kua daim ntawv;
- "Acipol" - 10 lab cov kab mob muaj sia nyob hauv txhua lub tshuaj ntsiav, txhim kho cov hnyuv puas sai sai.
Yuav ua li cas kho lactose intolerance hauv cov neeg laus yog tias cov tsos mob tshwm sim tom qab haus cov lactose? Hauv qhov no, kev noj zaub mov tshwj xeeb raug sau tseg. Txawm li cas los xij, kev tsis txaus ntseeg nyob rau hauv daim ntawv muaj zog, nrog rau qaug dab peg, txawm tias tsis muaj cov khoom noj provocative hauv kev noj haus, tsuas yog tshem tawm cov tshuaj. Kev siv tshuaj yog tsim nyog nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub ntawm tus kab mob thib ob, thaum qhov teeb meem tshwm sim los ntawm kev mob plab hnyuv.
Adult Diet
Nrog rau qhov mob me mus rau nruab nrab ntawm tus kab mob, uas txhais tau zoo los ntawm lub cev cov lus teb rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev noj cov lactose, nws tsis tas yuav tshem tawm cov khoom noj siv mis los ntawm kev noj haus. Mis thiab nws cov derivatives muaj ntau cov kab kawm, uas nyuaj heev los hloov. Feem ntau, cov khoom uas ploj lawm tsuas tuaj yeem sau nrog kev siv cov tshuaj ntxiv tshwj xeeb. Yog li ntawd, koj yuav tsum xub sim ib lub teeb yuag version ntawm kev noj haus, ua raws li cov hauv qab no:
- hloov nyuj cov kua mis nrog tshis;
- npaj ib zaug noj cov mis nyuj qab zib (piv txwv li, ib khob mis nyuj tag nrho) muab faib ua 3-4 servings ntawm ob peb sips;
- ib ntus ntxiv ib teaspoon ntawm zooqab zib, hloov tag nrho cov khoom noj siv mis tshiab;
- Kev noj kefir tsis tu ncua lossis yogurt tsis qab.
Nrog rau qib siab ntawm lactose intolerance, cov kev ntsuas saum toj no ntawm kev txwv kev noj zaub mov tsis cuam tshuam - nws yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm tag nrho thiab hauv txhua daim ntawv.
Kev Ntsuas rau lactase deficiency
Yog tias koj tsis siv cov tshuaj kho mob thiab tsis xav ua raws li kev noj haus, kev loj hlob ntawm dysbacteriosis yog qhov kev zam. Nyob rau hauv cov neeg laus, qhov teeb meem no kuj ua rau muaj teeb meem nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm kev noj qab nyob ruaj khov, tsis tu ncua belching thiab intermittent tawm tsam ntawm qhov mob.
Thaum me nyuam yaus (me nyuam mos) hnub nyoog, yog cov niam txiv tsis quav ntsej tus kab mob no, muaj qhov tshwm sim loj, piv txwv li, kev hais lus qeeb qeeb, kev loj hlob ntawm lub cev tsis ua raws li hnub nyoog, kuaj pom qhov kev xav qeeb.
Puas muaj sijhawm los hla cov kab mob thiab rov qab mus noj zaub mov li qub? Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv thib ob ntawm tus kab mob, qhov rov ua haujlwm ntawm lub neej ib txwm ua tau yuav luag tam sim tom qab kho cov kab mob hauv qab, uas muaj qhov tsis txaus lactase tshwm sim raws li cov tsos mob tshwm sim. Thaum lub cev pib teb zoo rau kev kho mob thiab muaj kev hloov pauv hloov pauv hauv qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm cov kab mob pathology, koj tuaj yeem sim ua kom paub cov khoom noj fermented mis nyuj rau hauv cov zaub mov me me. Koj yuav tsum tau nce cov lactose maj mam thiab nrog kev saib xyuas tas li ntawm koj tus kheej kev noj qab haus huv.
Txiv neejmis aversions raug yuam kom txwv lawv tus kheej rau mis nyuj qab zib tag nrho lawv lub neej. Tsis muaj cov tshuaj uas thaiv qhov cuam tshuam ntawm lactose rau lub cev, yog li kev noj zaub mov nruj tsis pub mis noj tseem yog tib txoj kev los tswj kev noj qab haus huv.
