Martin-Bell syndrome: cov tsos mob, cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob

Cov txheej txheem:

Martin-Bell syndrome: cov tsos mob, cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob
Martin-Bell syndrome: cov tsos mob, cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob

Video: Martin-Bell syndrome: cov tsos mob, cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob

Video: Martin-Bell syndrome: cov tsos mob, cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob
Video: Leej muam pob tw loj_phees lauj newsong full Mv 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
Anonim

Kev txhim kho sai sai ntawm cov tshuaj niaj hnub tau tso cai rau noob neej nrhiav tau ntau yam kab mob uas tsis paub yav dhau los. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua nees nkaum yog lub deciphering ntawm noob caj noob ces code, uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm txheeb xyuas qhov ua rau ntawm ntau yam noob thiab chromosomal pathologies. Ntau tshaj 3,000 kab mob cuam tshuam nrog kev hloov pauv ntau thiab zoo hauv cov khoom siv caj ces raug paub. Ib tus kab mob tshiab kuj yog Martin-Bell syndrome, uas muaj feem ntau ntawm cov me nyuam tsis taus.

Martin-Tswb kab mob - ib qho mob lossis mob hlwb?

martin bella syndrome tus me nyuam cov duab
martin bella syndrome tus me nyuam cov duab

Martin-Bell syndrome yog ib qho kev mob tshwm sim hauv lub cev cuam tshuam nrog fragility ntawm X chromosome. Lub tswv yim ntawm "fragility" txhais tau hais tias ib qho kev pom ntse nqaim ntawm qhov kawg ntawm X chromosome. Cov kev hloov pauv no tau lees paub txog Martin-Bell syndrome. Daim duab ntawm cov menyuam yaus ntawm sab laug qhia txog kev lag luam hauv psychomotor kev loj hlob, uas zoo li kev loj hlob txij thaum yau.

Yog vim li cas

Raws li koj paub, tib neeg genotypes yog 46 chromosomes, ob qho tib si yog poj niam txiv neej X thiab Y. Hauv cov poj niam, feem, chromosome teeb yuav zoo li - 46 XX, thiab hauv txiv neej - 46 XY. Cov noCov neeg nqa khoom ntawm cov ntaub ntawv genetic muaj xws li chains ntawm repetitions ntawm amino acids, uas muaj cov ntaub ntawv hais txog cov qauv thiab kev ua hauj lwm ntawm lub neej yav tom ntej.

Martin-Tswb kab mob (fragile X syndrome) txhim kho vim muaj kev hloov pauv hauv X chromosome, yog li cov poj niam thiab txiv neej tuaj yeem raug kev txom nyem los ntawm nws. Qhov thinning ntawm qhov chaw X-chromosome yog vim muaj qhov nce ntawm cov kab mob ntawm cov amino acid residues - cytosine-guanine-guanine (C-G-G). Xws li kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm kev rov ua dua yog tam sim no ob peb zaug hauv lwm cov noob, tab sis nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb, qhov tseeb, tus naj npawb ntawm cov repetitions. Feem ntau, nws nyob ntawm 29 txog 31. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm Martin-Bell syndrome, tus lej no tau nce zuj zus thiab tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm 230 mus rau 4000 zaug, uas ua rau muaj kev nce hauv chromosome thiab kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm cov noob tshwj xeeb - FMR1, uas yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev ua haujlwm zoo thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov paj hlwb. Cov txiaj ntsig tau tshwm sim tom qab lub sijhawm luv luv tom qab yug menyuam thiab tshwm sim los ntawm kev ncua sijhawm ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm psychomotor.

Kev tshwm sim

Martin bella Syndrome
Martin bella Syndrome

Tus naj npawb ntawm rov ua dua ntawm cytosine-guanine-guanine ua rau ntau yam sib txawv ntawm kev kho mob tshwm sim ntawm Martin-Bell tus kab mob. Cov syndrome yuav muaj cov ntaub ntawv zais. Yog hais tias txoj kev tshawb no nthuav tawm los ntawm 55 mus rau 200 repetitions, ib tug premutation tshwm sim - ciam teb hloov pauv uas ua rau ib tug neeg muaj tus kab mob, tab sis tsis pom kev hloov nyob rau hauv lub paj hlwb. Nyob rau hauv lub hnub nyoog laus thiab laus laus, ataxic syndrome thiab thawj lub zes qe menyuam tsis ua haujlwm hauv cov poj niam tuaj yeem tsim. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qhov tshwm simkis tau tus mob yog siab. Ib lub xeev nruab nrab kuj yog qhov txawv - qhov no yog los ntawm 40 mus rau 60 nucleotide rov ua dua, uas tsis yog kuaj pom hauv txhua txoj hauv kev thiab tuaj yeem tau txais qub txeeg qub teg tom qab ob peb tiam.

Nyob zoo

Txiv neej cais tus kab mob no ua ib pawg pathologies txuas nrog kev sib deev, uas yog, nrog X chromosome. Hauv cov txiv neej, tus kab mob tshwm sim nws tus kheej ntau dua thiab ntau dua, txij li lawv cov genotype muaj ib qho X chromosome. Nyob rau hauv cov poj niam, pathology tsim nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm ob "pathological" X-autosomes. Tsis tshua muaj heev, ib qho kev hloov pauv hloov pauv thiab kev thauj mus los hauv tus txiv neej tuaj yeem ua tau. Cov poj niam feem ntau yuav muaj tus kab mob, thiab dhau mus rau "pathological" chromosome nrog tib qhov tshwm sim rau ob tus ntxhais thiab cov tub. Leej txiv mob tsuas kis tau tus X chromosome rau nws cov ntxhais. Cov qub txeeg qub teg ntawm tus mob maj mam nce los ntawm ib tiam dhau ib tiam, uas yog hu ua Sherman paradox. Txoj kev kho mob ntawm tus mob no hnyav dua rau cov txiv neej.

Symptoms

Martin-Bell syndrome, uas nws cov tsos mob zoo li autism, tsis yog ib txwm lees paub nyob rau lub sijhawm txawm tias los ntawm tus kws kho menyuam yaus lossis kws kho mob hlwb.

Kev nthuav qhia kho mob yuav txawv nyob ntawm tus lej ntawm C-Y-H rov ua dua.

martin Bell Syndrome yees duab
martin Bell Syndrome yees duab

Hauv cov ntawv classic, psychomotor retardation qhia tau tias muaj peev xwm Martin-Bell syndrome. Daim duab ntawm tus menyuam tso cai rau koj pom thawj tus yam ntxwv ntawm tus kabmob. Muaj lethargy thiab discoordination ntawm kev txav, cov leeg tsis muaj zog tsim. Feem ntau cov menyuam yausraug kev txom nyem los ntawm autism. Ntawm kev ntsuam xyuas, tus kws kho mob neuropathologist qhia txog cov teeb meem hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov hlab ntsha oculomotor thiab qee qhov txawv txav hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub hlwb. Nrog hnub nyoog, qhov xwm txheej zuj zus, daim duab ntawm kev puas hlwb maj mam nce.

Kev puas siab puas ntsws ib txwm muaj: tus menyuam yaus feem ntau yws rau nws tus kheej, qhia grimaces unmotivatedly, feem ntau npuaj nws ob txhais tes, qee zaum coj nruj heev. Cov tsos mob no yog me ntsis reminiscent ntawm schizophrenia. Lwm qhov kev xaiv yog autism, uas pib loj hlob thaum yau.

Martin-Bell syndrome: cov cim

Ib qho kos npe tshwj xeeb hauv cov tub hluas yog cov noob qes loj (macroorchism), tab sis qhov no tsuas yog kuaj pom thaum puberty xwb. Tib lub sijhawm, tsis muaj cov kab mob endocrine.

Kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov pom nws tus kheej yog qhov tsis meej, tab sis tuaj yeem ua rau tus kws kho mob nrhiav qhov tseeb. Tus me nyuam feem ntau muaj lub taub hau loj, lub ntsej muag ntev, thiab lub qhov ntswg me ntsis. Muaj ntau qhov loj ntawm ob txhais tes thiab ko taw, cov ntiv tes muaj qhov ua kom muaj zog ntau ntxiv. Feem ntau cov tawv nqaij tau nce elasticity.

martin tswb syndrome cov tsos mob
martin tswb syndrome cov tsos mob

Kev tshwm sim ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm tus kab mob ua ntej muaj qee yam yam ntxwv. Tus mob ataxic yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm qhov muaj kev tshee thiab kev nco tsis zoo, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog lub sijhawm luv luv, lub siab hloov pauv thiab maj mam txhim kho ntawm dementia nrog kev txo qis hauv kev txawj ntse (tsis muaj peev xwm nyeem thiab nkag siab hais lus). Cov tsos mob feem ntau tshwm sim hauv cov txiv neejcov neeg nqa khoom thiab muaj chav kawm hnyav dua piv rau cov poj niam.

Lub zes qe menyuam tsis ua haujlwm yog qhov tshwm sim los ntawm kev ua tsis tiav ntxov ntxov thiab cuam tshuam ntawm pituitary-ovarian system. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm follicle-stimulating hormone nce, uas ua rau ploj ntawm kev coj khaub ncaws thiab cov tsos mob ntawm cov tsos mob vegetovascular. Tus kab mob no maj mam thiab yuav tsum tau kho cov tshuaj hormone hloov.

Yuav kuaj mob li cas

martin tswb syndrome cov tsos mob
martin tswb syndrome cov tsos mob

Rau qhov kwv yees kev txiav txim siab ntawm tus kab mob nyob rau theem pib ntawm tus menyuam, txoj kev cytogenetic yog tsim nyog. Tus neeg mob cov khoom siv ntawm tes raug muab coj los siv thiab cov vitamin B₁₀ (folic acid) tau ntxiv los ua tus provocateur ntawm kev hloov pauv hauv chromosomes. Tom qab qee lub sij hawm, txoj kev tshawb no nthuav tawm ib ntu ntawm chromosome nrog cov thinning tseem ceeb, uas qhia tau hais tias tus kab mob Martin-Bell, fragile X syndrome. Qhov kev kuaj sim no tsis raug txaus nyob rau theem tom ntej, vim yog kev siv ntau cov vitamins, uas suav nrog folic acid.

Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv polymerase saw (PCR), uas tso cai rau koj los txiav txim siab cov qauv ntawm cov amino acid residues hauv X chromosome thiab qhia txog Martin-Bell syndrome. Daim duab thaij nrog lub tshuab ntsuas hluav taws xob qhia pom thaj tsam ntawm autosome thinning.

Ib qho kev xaiv tshwj xeeb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog kev sib xyaw ntawm PCR nrog kev kuaj pom ntawm capillary electrophoresis. Qhov kev ntsuam xyuas no nrog qhov tseeb siab qhia txog cov pathology ntawm chromosomes hauv cov neeg mob nrogataic syndrome thiab thawj lub zes qe menyuam tsis ua haujlwm.

Kev kho mob

Tom qab PCR ua tiav thiab kuaj pom tus mob Martin-Bell, kev kho yuav tsum pib sai li sai tau.

Vim tus kab mob no los thiab muaj chromosomal keeb kwm, kev kho yog txo kom txo tau cov tsos mob tseem ceeb ntawm tus kab mob.

Kev kho mob yog tsom rau txo qis qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev puas siab puas ntsws, kho cov kev hloov pauv hauv ataic syndrome thiab kev txhawb nqa hormonal hauv thawj zes qe menyuam tsis ua haujlwm.

martin tswb syndrome kho
martin tswb syndrome kho

Cov menyuam yaus uas muaj kev puas siab puas ntsws thiab cov txiaj ntsig PCR paub tseeb tau kuaj pom tias muaj Martin-Bell Syndrome. Russia tsis muaj cov tsev kho mob uas muaj kev kho mob zoo li no rau cov menyuam yaus, yog li tus kws kho mob thiab cov kws kho mob tshwj xeeb tau koom nrog hauv kev kho mob. Nws yog tsim nyog sau cia tam sim ntawd tias kev kho mob ntawm cov menyuam yaus muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua li cov neeg laus. Siv cov kev paub txog kev coj tus cwj pwm, kev sib tham nrog tus kws kho mob hlwb ntawm tus kheej, kev kho mob qoj ib ce, lub teeb pom kev ntawm psychostimulants. Ib cheeb tsam tshiab yog kev siv tshuaj raws li cov tshuaj folic acid, tab sis cov txiaj ntsig mus ntev tseem tab tom kawm.

Rau cov neeg laus, cov kev kho mob muaj xws li psychostimulants thiab antidepressants, kev saib xyuas tas li yog ua los ntawm kws kho hlwb thiab kws kho hlwb. Hauv cov chaw kho mob ntiag tug, kev sib tham ntawm microinjections ntawm cov tshuaj "Cerebrolysin" thiab nws cov derivatives, cytomedines (cov tshuaj "Lidase", "Solcoseryl") tau ua.

Martin bella syndrome nyob rau hauv Russia
Martin bella syndrome nyob rau hauv Russia

Nyob rau hauv ataxic syndrome, nootropics thiab ntshav thinners, angioprotectors thiab sib tov ntawm amino acids yog siv. Kev ua tsis tiav ntawm zes qe menyuam hauv cov poj niam yuav raug kho nrog tshuaj estrogens thiab tshuaj ntsuab.

Kev kho mob zoo kuj tsawg, tab sis nws tso cai rau kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob mus rau qee lub sijhawm.

Kev Tiv Thaiv

Kev kuaj cev xeeb tub yog tib txoj hauv kev los tiv thaiv. Nyob rau hauvlub teb chaws ntawm lub ntiaj teb no, cov kev ntsuam xyuas tau qhia uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm kuaj tau Martin-Bell syndrome thaum ntxov thiab txiav cev xeeb tub. Lwm txoj kev xaiv yog nyob rau hauv vitro fertilization, uas tuaj yeem pab xyuas kom meej tias tus menyuam tsis tau yug los tau txais "kev noj qab haus huv" X chromosome.

Pom zoo: