tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob diphtheria nyob qhov twg? Cia peb saib qhov teeb meem no kom ntxaws ntxiv. Qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv no ua haujlwm tiv thaiv kab mob txaus ntshai. Cov menyuam yaus tau muab rau thaum nws tseem hluas. Ib tug toxin ntawm ib tug kab mob provokes ib tug txaus ntshai kab mob. Diphtheria tshwm sim nyuaj heev, tawm tsam nws keeb kwm yav dhau, cov yeeb yaj kiab ntom ntom tsim rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntawm lub caj pas, nasopharynx thiab txoj hnyuv, nyob rau hauv cov kab mob tuaj yeem pom, nrog rau cov ntaub so ntswg necrosis. Yog tias cov ntshav tsis tau txhaj rau lub sijhawm, qhov tshwm sim tuag yuav tshwm sim.
High mortality
Tus neeg tuag rau tus kab mob no yog xya caum tus neeg ntawm ib puas. Vim li no, cov menyuam yaus tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv txij li hnub nyoog peb hlis. Qhov no yog ua nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv complex, uas nyob rau tib lub sij hawm yog ib tug txhim khu kev qha kev tiv thaiv tiv thaiv hnoos hawb pob thiab tetanus. Niaj hnub no, tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob diphtheria tsis tshua siv rau hauv daim ntawv cais. Hauv kab lus no, peb yuav kawm txog thaum twg yuav txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob diphtheria rau tus menyuam, thiabkuj paub tias dab tsi yog qhov teeb meem los ntawm nws qhov kev siv. Tom qab tag nrho, ntau tus niam txiv xav paub qhov twg lawv txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob diphtheria.
Tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob diphtheria
Raws li twb tau sau tseg lawm, cov menyuam yaus feem ntau tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob diphtheria thiab tetanus tib lub sijhawm. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no yog kev sib xyaw ntawm qee cov tshuaj toxoids. Nws hu ua ADS. Hauv tshuaj, kuj tseem muaj lwm yam tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob pertussis, nws hu ua DPT tshuaj tiv thaiv. Qhov kev xaiv txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv tom kawg tsis raug zam los ntawm txhua tus menyuam yaus. Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, tsis yog peb txhua tus paub qhov twg cov menyuam txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob diphtheria thiab tetanus.
Yog vim li cas txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv sib koom
Vim li cas lawv thiaj txhaj tshuaj rau ob leeg ib zaug? Muaj cov laj thawj tsim nyog rau qhov no:
- Ob lub ntsiab lus xav tau tib yam khoom siv, uas yog aluminium hydroxide.
- Lub sijhawm txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv, nrog rau cov sijhawm teem sijhawm thiab sijhawm txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob no, yog tib yam, uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm muab ob qho kev txhaj tshuaj tib lub sijhawm.
- Txoj kev loj hlob tam sim no hauv kev lag luam tshuaj thiab kev lag luam ua rau nws muaj peev xwm muab ob qho tib si rau hauv ib qho tshuaj. Ua tsaug rau qhov no, tag nrho cov tshuaj txhaj rau menyuam yaus yog halved.
Ua li ntawd, txawm li cas los xij, nws yooj yim rau ob tus kws kho mob thiab cov niam txiv thaum txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv tam sim ntawd muab kev tiv thaiv ob yam kab mob txaus ntshai. Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov kab mob me me rau kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv yuav tsum tau ntsib ib zaug xwb tsis yog ob.
Cia peb xav hauv qab no qhov twg txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob diphtheriathiab kab mob tetanus.
Tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab nws cov yam ntxwv
Cov kws kho mob yuav tsum tau qhia rau niam txiv ua ntej thaum lawv yuav tsum tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob diphtheria, nrog rau cov cai rau kev npaj rau nws. Nws tau ua raws li lub sijhawm tau txais kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv:
- thaum peb lub hlis;
- ntawm plaub thiab ib nrab hli;
- thaum muaj hnub nyoog rau hli;
- hauv ib xyoos thiab ib nrab;
- txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob diphtheria thiab tetanus thaum muaj hnub nyoog 7.
Qhov yuav tsum tau muaj kev tiv thaiv kab mob rau cov kab mob, raws li txoj cai, tsuas yog tsim tom qab kev qhia txog peb qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Lawv yuav tsum tau muab tso rau ntawm ib lub sijhawm ntawm peb caug mus rau plaub caug hnub. Tab sis txhawm rau tswj hwm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, cov menyuam yaus tau muab ob qho tshuaj tiv thaiv ntxiv tiv thaiv kab mob diphtheria, tso cai rau lawv tswj kev tiv thaiv kab mob no rau kaum xyoo. Yog li ntawd, yuav tsum tau txhaj koob tshuaj tiv thaiv tom qab qhov kev ntsuas no tsuas yog thaum muaj hnub nyoog kaum rau xyoo xwb.
lawv mus qhov twg?
Lwm nqe lus nug uas cov niam txiv txhawj txog ua ntej yuav ua txoj haujlwm no yog qhov txaus siab rau qhov uas cov menyuam tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob diphtheria thiab tetanus. Rau cov hom phiaj no, cov leeg nqaij yog xav tau, yog li cov kws tshaj lij pom zoo kom txhaj cov menyuam hauv qab lub xub pwg hniav. Lawv tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob diphtheria ntawm 14 qhov twg? Qhov no yog ib lo lus nug ntau, tab sis nrog hnub nyoog, qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj tsis hloov. Nws tseem tuaj yeem ua tiav hauv tus ncej puab, qhov chaw ntawm daim tawv nqaij nyias, txhais tau tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tuaj yeem ncav cuag nws lub hom phiaj kawg sai dua.
Cov neeg laus puas tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob diphtheria? Txhua yam tshuaj tiv thaivmuaj cov kab mob diphtheria toxoid (ADS, DTP, ADS-M, AD-M, AD), raug txhaj tshuaj intramuscularly rau hauv lub pob tw (nyob rau sab sauv sab sauv) lossis anterolateral ib feem ntawm tus ncej puab. Kev txhaj tshuaj subcutaneous tob rau hauv cheeb tsam subscapular kuj tau muab rau cov neeg laus.
Tam sim no paub meej tias qhov twg txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob diphtheria.
Kuv yuav tsum tso cai?
Txawm hais tias muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, nrog rau qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv no thiab muaj cov ntaub ntawv hais txog nws, ntau tus niam txiv tseem tsis ntseeg tias nws tsim nyog muab lawv tso cai rau cov txheej txheem no. Txawm li cas los xij, tus naj npawb ntawm kev tsis lees paub los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv no tsis yog txo qis txhua xyoo, tab sis tsuas yog nce ntxiv.
rau thiab tawm tsam
Cov niam txiv ntawm cov me nyuam ua ntej yuav txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob feem ntau xav paub seb nws puas yog feem ntau yuav tsum tau lossis yog tias nws tuaj yeem zam tau. Ntawm ib sab, tsis muaj leej twg yuav yuam leej twg ua nws, yog li koj tuaj yeem sau qhov tsis lees paub, tom qab ntawd cov tshuaj yuav tsis muab rau tus menyuam. Tab sis tib lub sijhawm, cov kws kho mob yuav tsum tau piav qhia meej rau cov niam txiv txhua qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov kev txiav txim siab no. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob diphtheria yog dab tsi. Thiab cov pros nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yog raws li nram no:
- Kev pheej hmoo kis tus kab mob txaus ntshai tau txo qis.
- Txawm tias tus me nyuam tam sim ntawd poob mob diphtheria, tab sis tib lub sij hawm txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv nws, txoj kev ntawm tus kab mob yuav sai, thiab daim ntawv yuav mob me me kom rov zoo yuav tsis ntev.
- Thaum tus menyuam loj hlob tuaj, nws tsuas yog tsis raug ntiav vim tsis muaj ntaub ntawv hais txog qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv no hauvnws cov ntaub ntawv kho mob.
Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias cov npe ntawm cov haujlwm uas yuav tsum tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob diphtheria thiab tetanus (qhov twg lawv ua rau cov neeg laus, peb qhia meej) yog qhov zoo heev:
- ua liaj ua teb;
- kev lag luam;
- Irrigation and procurement;
- geological, nuv ntses, tshawb nrhiav thiab xa mus kev lag luam;
- veterinary thiab tsiaj tu;
- kev pabcuam dej phwj;
- kev kho mob thiab kev kawm txoj haujlwm.
Yog li ntawd, yog cov niam txiv xav pom lawv tus menyuam ua tus kws kho mob lossis tus kws qhia ntawv yav tom ntej, nws yuav zoo dua kom pom zoo tam sim rau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv, txwv tsis pub ntau lub qhov rooj tsuas kaw rau ntawm nws xub ntiag.
Vim niam txiv ntshai?
Thiab yog vim li cas cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hawb pob txaus ntshai rau cov niam txiv? Dab tsi yuam kom lawv tsis kam txais kev txuag thiab thaum xub thawj siab ib muag, nws yuav zoo li, kev txhaj tshuaj muaj txiaj ntsig? Feem ntau, lawv tau ceeb toom los ntawm cov npe ntawm cov teeb meem uas tuaj yeem tshwm sim tom qab ua tiav. Muaj tseeb, lawv tsuas yog tsim nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej uas tsis muaj contraindications. Lawv feem ntau raug kuaj pom hauv menyuam yaus ua ntej lawv tau txhaj tshuaj.
YContraindications
Ib qho ntawm cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv no yog qhov muaj qhov tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm contraindications. Kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis tau ua txhua yam yog tias tus menyuam muaj kev tsis haum rau cov khoom ntawm cov tshuaj txhaj. ATHauv lwm qhov xwm txheej, kws kho mob tsuas tuaj yeem ncua sijhawm txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv. Cov xwm txheej no feem ntau yog:
- mob khaub thuas txhua yam kab mob;
- muaj qhov kub thiab txias;
- thaum noj tshuaj muaj zog;
- tus neeg mob muaj eczema;
- nrog diathesis hauv tus menyuam.
Yog tias tus neeg intolerance lossis cov xwm txheej saum toj no tsis raug kuaj pom nyob rau lub sijhawm, yog li, qhov tseeb, ib tus tuaj yeem ntshai cov tsos mob tshwm sim tom qab txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob diphtheria. Hauv txhua qhov xwm txheej, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm tus menyuam lub cev rau kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis dhau qhov kev cai.
Yuav ua li cas tus menyuam qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv?
Cov niam txiv yuav tsum paub meej tias lawv tus menyuam yuav tsum ua li cas rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob diphtheria. Qhov no yog ib qho tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv thiaj li tsis txhob txhawj nyob rau hauv vain. Txawm tias muaj tseeb tias cov tsos mob ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv tuaj yeem ua rau tsis kaj siab, lawv dhau mus sai thiab tsis muaj kab mob thiab tsis cuam tshuam rau kev noj qab haus huv ntawm tus menyuam. Cov tsos mob no feem ntau suav nrog cov cim hauv qab no:
- Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hauv zos ntawm lub cev, uas tshwm sim nws tus kheej hauv daim ntawv ntawm daim tawv nqaij reddening.
- xav sluggish nrog rau kev malaise thiab tsaug zog.
- Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob diphtheria tuaj yeem mob, tab sis tsis muaj qhov xwm txheej koj yuav tsum ntshai qhov no. Kev mob tuaj yeem piav qhia los ntawm qhov tseeb tias qhov mob tshwm sim hauv qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj, nrog rau qhov tsis xis nyob. Yog li ntawd, qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv no yog qhov ntuj tsim thiab ploj hauv ib lub lis piam tom qab txhaj tshuaj.
- me ntsis o nyob ib ncig ntawm qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj kuj tseem nyob mus txog ib lub lis piam kom txog thaum cov tshuaj txhaj nkag mus rau hauv cov ntshav.
- Qhov tshwm sim ntawm pob yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov tseeb tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis tau nkag mus rau hauv cov leeg, tab sis hauv qab ntawm daim tawv nqaij mus rau hauv cov fiber ntau. Qhov no, ib yam nkaus, yuav tsum tsis txhob ntshai, vim tias tsis muaj dab tsi tsis ncaj ncees lawm. Muaj tseeb tiag, ib tug yuav tsum npaj rau qhov tseeb tias qhov neoplasm no yuav daws tau ntev heev, tej zaum rau ib hlis.
- Koj tus menyuam tuaj yeem ua npaws hauv ob peb hnub tom qab txhaj tshuaj. Nws yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm nrog cov tshuaj antipyretic. Raws li txoj cai, nws tsis kav ntev, los yog siab dhau.
Main nuances
Yuav kom cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tom qab txhaj tshuaj kom zoo li qub, koj yuav tsum paub ob peb yam yooj yim nuances rau kev saib xyuas ntawm qhov chaw. Piv txwv li, ntau tus niam txiv xav paub ntev npaum li cas lawv yuav tsum tsis txhob ntxuav lawv tus menyuam tom qab txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tetanus thiab kab mob diphtheria. Tab sis nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias tsis muaj contraindications rau cov txheej txheem dej tom qab txhaj tshuaj no.
Qhov lus pom zoo tsuas yog tias nws tsis pom zoo kom da dej tus menyuam hauv dej kub dhau nrog ua npuas dej. Nws yog tsis yooj yim sua rau tus me nyuam da dej hauv da dej nrog ntsev, txwv tsis pub nws yuav ua rau tawv nqaij khaus ntawm qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj. Tsis tas li ntawd, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob siv ntaub ntxhua khaub ncaws rau ib lub lim tiam. Txwv tsis pub, tsis muaj lwm yam kev txwv. Yog li ntawd, cov niam txiv yuav tsum tsis txhob ntshai muab lawv tso cai rautxhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob diphtheria. Tsis tas li ntawd, qee qhov teeb meem tshwm sim tom qab nws tsis tshua muaj heev.
Muaj Teeb Meem
Txhua qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob diphtheria tsis tuaj yeem hu ua qhov teeb meem, vim tias, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, lawv tsis tshua muaj heev, thiab tsis ua rau muaj kev phom sij loj rau kev noj qab haus huv ntawm tus menyuam. Txawm li cas los xij, cov teeb meem tshwm sim muaj xws li cov tsos mob hauv qab no:
- zoo raws plab;
- pom khaus nrog rau daim tawv nqaij;
- pom hnoos thiab kua ntswg;
- tshwm sim ntawm otitis thiab pharyngitis, nrog rau bronchitis.
Vim li cas cov niam txiv tseem tsis kam txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv?
Txhua yam kab mob uas tau teev tseg tuaj yeem kho tau hauv lub sijhawm luv luv. Hauv lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov kev mob tshwm sim tom qab txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv no, cov tsos mob no tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim. Cov kws tshaj lij tsis nkag siab qhov kev xav ntawm cov niam txiv uas tsis kam ua qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv no. Rau txhua lub sijhawm, tsis muaj kev poob siab anaphylactic lossis kev tuag tom qab txhaj tshuaj ADS tseem tsis tau pom. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev ua tau zoo, nrog rau cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv no, tau raug lees paub ntau zaus hauv kev xyaum.
Txawm li cas los xij, ua ntej txiav txim siab lub luag haujlwm, cov niam txiv tau qhia meej nrog tus kws kho mob tham kom paub txhua yam txog qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob diphtheria. Tsuas yog tom qab kev sib tham zoo li no nws thiaj li tuaj yeem kos cov lus pom zoo, uas tsis yog tsuas yog kev noj qab haus huv xwb, tab sis kuj yog lub neej tom ntej ntawm tus menyuam yuav nyob ntawm. Qhov twg txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob diphtheria, koj tuaj yeem tshawb xyuas nrog koj tus kws kho mob.
txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv qhov twg?
Kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob diphtheria tam sim no muaj nyob rau hauv ib lub tsev kho mob pej xeem. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tau ua nyob rau hauv cov chaw txhaj tshuaj tshwj xeeb, nrog rau ntau lub tuam tsev hauv tsev kho mob.
Thaum tus menyuam xav tias yuav muaj kev fab tshuaj, nws yuav yog qhov zoo tshaj rau kev xa cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hauv tsev kho mob. Hauv txhua qhov xwm txheej, kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kuj tuaj yeem ua rau tus neeg mob sab nraud, piv txwv li, hauv tsev kho mob lossis chaw txhaj tshuaj. Qhov twg cov neeg laus txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob diphtheria, peb piav saum toj no.
Tshuaj txhaj tshuaj yog muab rau hauv cov tsev kawm ntawv pej xeem, uas tau yuav los ntawm pob nyiaj siv thiab pub dawb rau cov neeg mob. Raws li cov chaw txhaj tshuaj, lawv tuaj yeem xa cov tshuaj tiv thaiv zoo li no los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj tuaj, uas yuav kim dua.
Yog tias koj xav tau, koj tuaj yeem yuav cov tshuaj uas xav tau ntawm lub tsev muag tshuaj, thiab tom qab ntawd mus rau chav txhaj tshuaj ntawm koj lub tsev kho mob rau tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb los txhaj tshuaj intramuscular. Thaum tus neeg yuav tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm lub tsev muag tshuaj ntawm nws tus kheej, nws yuav tsum tau saib xyuas ua ntej ntawm cov xwm txheej tsim nyog rau nws txoj kev thauj mus los, nrog rau kev khaws cov tshuaj.
Peb saib qhov twg txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob diphtheria.
