Venous insufficiency yog ua txhaum ntawm cov ntshav ncig hauv cov leeg, uas yog nrog cov tsos mob tshwm sim. Tus kab mob no cuam tshuam nrog cov noob caj noob ces thiab kev ua neej tsis muaj zog, thiab ntawm qee theem yog nrog los ntawm varicose leeg. Hauv tsab xov xwm, peb yuav txiav txim siab txog tus kab mob no kom ntxaws ntxiv thiab kawm txog kev faib cov venous insufficiency.
Pathology yog thawj zaug hauv cov kab mob vascular, feem ntau cov poj niam raug cuam tshuam los ntawm nws. Tsis tas li ntawd, raws li kev txheeb cais, ib feem peb ntawm tag nrho cov neeg laus raug cuam tshuam los ntawm tus kab mob no. Kev hnov mob hnyav hauv ob txhais ceg yog thawj cov tsos mob uas tshwm sim vim muaj kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm cov hlab ntsha li qub uas tswj cov txheej txheem ntshav. Lub sijhawm no, cov ntshav pib ntws mus rau sab saud es tsis txhob nce mus rau lub plawv.
Nrog rau kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob, lub siab nce rau ntawm phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha, uas ua rau lawv thinning. Qhov no ua rau muaj kev thaivcov leeg. Thiab yog tias lawv tsis kho, trophic ulcers tshwm rau ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg ib puag ncig. Raws li CVI kev faib tawm, thawj cov cim qhia ntawm varicose leeg yog o ntawm ob txhais ceg, cramps thaum yav tsaus ntuj, ib qho qauv meej ntawm cov leeg ntawm daim tawv nqaij.
Shapes
Hauv cov tshuaj, muaj ob hom venous insufficiency: mob thiab ntev. CVI cuam tshuam rau cov hlab ntsha uas nyob ze rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij, thiab yog li ntawd cov pigment me ntsis los yog ulcers yuav tshwm sim. OVN, ntawm qhov tod tes, yog tsim los ntawm kev thaiv cov hlab ntsha sib sib zog nqus ntawm cov leeg qis thaum muaj kev raug mob ntawm txhais ceg los yog thaum lub sij hawm thrombosis, thaum cov hlab ntsha uas nyob ze rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij tsis cuam tshuam. Cov tsos mob tseem ceeb ntawm ALS yog qhov mob hnyav uas ploj mus yog tias siv qhov txias txias.
Yog vim li cas
Lub ntsiab tseem ceeb hauv kev txhim kho CVI yog:
- repeated cev xeeb tub thiab yug me nyuam;
- zog lub cev;
- female;
- kev ua neej tsis muaj zog;
- ncua sij hawm sawv lossis zaum zaum;
- overweight.
Nws tau tshwm sim tias cov kab mob tshwm sim thaum ua haujlwm ntawm lub musculo-venous twj tso kua mis cuam tshuam. Feem ntau, cov ntshav nyob rau hauv qis extremities txav mus rau hauv lub system ntawm cov hlab ntsha sib sib zog nqus thiab superficial veins. Cov leeg muaj li qub kom cov ntshav ntws mus rau lub plawv cov leeg, lawv tiv thaiv cov ntshav los ntawm qis qis.
Cov xwm txheej phem tshaj plaws rau cov ntshav khiav ib txwm yog: txoj haujlwm ntsug ntawm lub cev thiab tsis muaj cov leeg nqaij. Hauv qhov no, cov ntshavstagnates, lub siab nce, thiab cov hlab ntsha dilate. Yog li, lub pathology ntawm lub valvular apparatus yog tsim, nws tsis kiag li kaw nws li qub, yog li ua rau ib tug txawv txav downward ntws ntawm cov ntshav.
Nws ua kom lub siab nyob hauv cov leeg. Tom qab ntawd, permeability ntawm phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha nce, cov hlab ntsha swells, compresses cov ntaub so ntswg nyob sib ze, yog li cuam tshuam lawv cov khoom noj. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, ib qho trophic rwj tshwm hauv qhov chaw no.
Signs
Raws li kev faib tawm ntawm CVI, cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob nyob ntawm daim ntawv, qhov hnyav thiab theem. Cov tsos mob tseem ceeb yog:
- hnyav hauv ob txhais ceg;
- mob plab thaum so thiab hmo ntuj;
- o ntawm ob txhais ceg;
- nce daim tawv nqaij pigmentation;
- dry;
- redness;
- kiv taub hau;
- trophic ulcers;
- venous dermatitis;
- pre-fainting.
CVI kev faib tawm los ntawm CEAR
CEAP kev faib tawm yog plaub pawg, txhua tus raug xaiv los ntawm tsab ntawv Latin: C, E, A thiab P. Cov txiaj ntsig no tau txiav txim siab:
- C – kho mob. Daim duab kho mob ntawm tus kab mob.
- E – etiological. Etiology, tso cai rau koj paub tus kab mob thawj lossis theem nrab.
- A - anatomical. Qhia qhov chaw ntawm tus kab mob thiab theem ntawm kev puas tsuaj.
- YP - pathophysiological. Pathophysiology, qhia txog qib ntawm kev nce qib.
Kev kho mob tshwm sim yog cais los ntawm qib CVI:
- 0 - tsis pom cov tsos mob.
- 1 - kab laug sab veins tshwm, cov leeg pom ntawm daim tawv nqaij.
- 2 - varicose leeg pib tsim, tsis yog me me xwb, tab sis kuj pom cov hlab ntsha loj ntawm qhov chaw. Cov tawv nqaij pob tuaj yeem tshwm sim.
- 3 - Mob thiab o yog ntxiv rau txhua yam tsos mob.
- 4 - daim tawv nqaij hloov pauv, pigmentation, ulcers.
- 5 - txhua yam hauv kab lus dhau los, tab sis lub qhov txhab kho.
- 6 - qhov txhab qhib thiab tsis kho.
Etiology (CEAP CVI kev faib tawm):
- Ec. Tus kab mob no tshwm sim, thawj cov tsos mob tshwm sim thaum yau.
- Ep. Tus kab mob tseem ceeb, ua rau tsis paub.
- Es. Secondary CVI vim ntshav txhaws, raug mob, thiab lwm yam.
- En. Tsis paub yog vim li cas.
Anatomical group:
- AS - veins ntawm daim tawv nqaij;
- AD - tob leeg;
- AP - perforating veins ntawm tus ncej puab thiab / lossis ceg qis;
- An - tsis hloov.
Zoo nyob ntawm qhov chaw muaj tus kab mob, tus kws tshaj lij xaiv txoj kev kho mob.
Pathophysiology:
- Pr - reflux.
- Po - vascular occlusion.
- Pr, oh - ua ke ntawm occlusion thiab reflux.
- Pn - tsis muaj kev txhaum.
Cia peb xav txog qhov piv txwv ntawm kev txiav txim siab kev faib tawm ntawm CVI raws li CEAR. C2, S, Ep, As, p, Pr, 2, 18 txhais tau tias: cov tsos mob ntawm varicose leeg, thawj kab mob. Reflux nyob rau hauv qhov zoo saphenous leeg ntawm tus ncej puab thiab perforator leeg ntawm ceg.
Kev faib tawm ntawm CVIRaws li Savelyev
Lwm hom kev faib tawm tsim los ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb Lavxias: Savelyev, Yablokov thiab Kiriyenko. Raws li nws, muaj peb qib:
- 0 degree - tsis muaj kab mob.
- 1 degree - thawj cov tsos mob tshwm sim: o thiab hnyav ntawm ob txhais ceg.
- 2 degree - puffiness, nce pigmentation, eczema.
- 3 degree - trophic ulcers.
Teebmeem: los ntshav, thrombophlebitis, trophic ulcer (qhia qhov chaw thiab theem ntawm cov txheej txheem).
Kev kho mob
Raws li kev faib tawm ntawm CVI ntawm qis qis, kev kho mob nyuaj, uas yuav suav nrog cov kev kho mob hauv qab no:
- kho lub cev;
- siv tshuaj;
- kho mob gymnastics;
- phais;
- kev kho mob compression.
Thawj pib, tus kws tshaj lij pom qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev kis tus kabmob, xws li rog dhau, ua haujlwm tsis zoo, noj tshuaj tiv thaiv kabmob, thiab muab cov lus pom zoo rau lawv hloov kho.
Tsis hais txog qib kev pom zoo:
- kom koj txhais ko taw nce siab ntau zaus, tso lub hauv ncoo hauv qab koj ko taw hmo ntuj;
- xaiv nkawm khau;
- taug ntau;
- kev ua luam dej pom zoo;
- rau qhov mob venous insufficiency ntawm 0 mus rau 2 theem - khiav yooj yim, caij tsheb kauj vab;
- thaum ua kis las uas tsis yog ua luam dej, siv elastic compression;
- ua kho mobgymnastics;
- tshem tawm cov kis las xws li ncaws pob, ntaus pob, ntaus pob, ntaus pob, ntaus pob tesniv, ntaus pob tesniv, ntaus pob tesniv.
Elastic compression - siv cov ntaub qhwv elastic thiab cov hnab ntim kho mob. Los ntawm squeezing cov leeg ntawm ob txhais ceg, cov ntshav ncig txhim kho, uas ua rau nws nyuaj rau kev txhim kho ntxiv ntawm varicose leeg. Hom kev kho no siv tau rau txhua theem ntawm tus kab mob.
Physiotherapy yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv kev kho mob ntawm CVI. Nws yog siv rau txhua theem ntawm tus kab mob. Electrophoresis, laser, diadynamic tam sim no, magnetic teb tau ua pov thawj lawv tus kheej zoo.
Nrog cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm txoj kev kho kom zoo, tus neeg mob tau pom zoo kom kho ntxiv ntawm txoj kev ua neej, kev ua lub cev tsis tu ncua thiab elastic compression. Ib chav kawm thib ob yog ua thaum muaj tus kab mob rov muaj dua, muaj teeb meem lossis tiv thaiv.
Yog tias kev kho mob tsis tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo, qhov teeb meem ntawm kev cuam tshuam kev phais raug txiav txim siab. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev phais yog tsim nyog rau cov teeb meem xws li thrombosis, thrombophlebitis, los ntshav, ulcers, nrog rau cov lus hais kom zoo nkauj tsis xws luag.
Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, cov leeg hloov kho raug tshem tawm. Qhov ntim ntawm kev ua haujlwm yog nyob ntawm qhov teeb meem thiab qhov hnyav ntawm CVI. Tom qab kev phais, sutures yog tsim nyob rau hauv rau lub hlis, yog li ntawd nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los tshem tawm kev siv ntawm coarse washcloths thiab tawv khaub ncaws rau lub sij hawm no, qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev sib txawv ntawm cov sutures thiab kev kho kom zoo nkauj. Koj tuaj yeem da dej tsuas yog sov lossis txiasdej, thiab hnav cov ntaub qhwv elastic lossis cov hnab looj tes.
Kev Tiv Thaiv
Kev Tiv Thaiv CVI yog ib qho kev ua haujlwm yooj yim uas pab txo qis kev pheej hmoo ntawm tus kab mob:
- tuav lub neej nquag;
- taug kev, khiav lossis ua luam dej;
- tswj qhov hnyav;
- nkawm khau xis, yog tias tsim nyog, koj tuaj yeem siv orthopedic insoles;
- thaum cev xeeb tub, pom zoo ultrasound ntawm cov leeg ntawm cov leeg qis.
Thaum cov tsos mob ntxhov siab tshwm sim, qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj yog mus ntsib kws kho mob. Nws, raws li kev faib tawm ntawm CVI, yuav tuaj yeem txiav txim siab txog qib ntawm tus kab mob thiab sau npe rau kev kho mob.
