Thaum yug me nyuam, muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm tus menyuam los ntawm qhov chaw tsis muaj menyuam, uas yog niam lub plab, mus rau qhov chaw tsis muaj menyuam - lub ntiaj teb sab nraud.
Lub sijhawm no, tus menyuam raug tiv thaiv los ntawm kev ua phem ntawm lub ntiaj teb tshiab nyob ib puag ncig nws tsuas yog los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kabmob kis mus rau nws los ntawm niam lub cev. Nws lub cev tseem tsis tuaj yeem tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.. Maj mam, tsim ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob. Thiab tsuas yog thaum muaj hnub nyoog 6 xyoo peb tuaj yeem tham txog kev tiv thaiv kev laus. Lymphocytes yog lub zog tseem ceeb ntawm kev tiv thaiv zoo. Lawv tshwj xeeb hauv kev puas tsuaj ntawm kev kis kab mob. Lymphocytes muab faib ua:
- B-lymphocytes yog cov kws tshawb nrhiav, lawv tab tom nrhiav cov neeg txawv teb chaws, cov kab mob tsis zoo;
- T-lymphocytes yog cov tswj, lawv tswj lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob hauv lub cev, yog tias koj xav tau ntxiv dag zog rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no, ces T-hellers tuaj rau hauv kev ua si, thiab yog tias koj xav tau kev tawm tsam, cesT-suppressors tau qhib;
- NK-lymphocytes yog "natural killers" - lawv rhuav tshem cov hlwb txawv teb chaws.
Lymphocytes hauv cov ntshav ntawm tus neeg laus feem ntau yog 20-35%.
Hauv cov menyuam yaus, qhov ntsuas no tsis tas li thiab nws txawv nyob ntawm hnub nyoog:
- yug txog 4 hnub - 20-22%;
- 4-7 hnub - 40-45%;
- 8 hnub - 6 xyoo - 45-67%, thiab qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm lymphocytes hauv cov ntshav ntawm tus menyuam hnub nyoog 12-24 lub hlis;
- txij li hnub nyoog 6 xyoo, cov nuj nqis no pib poob qis thiab thaum muaj hnub nyoog 15 xyoo lawv ruaj khov li ntawm 20-35%.
Tus menyuam cov ntshav lymphocytes nce lossis txo qis, hemogram yuav qhia.
Lymphocytosis
Ib tug pathological nce nyob rau hauv theem ntawm lymphocytes - lymphocytosis - muab faib ua txheeb ze thiab kiag.
txheeb ze lymphocytosis yog qhov nce hauv feem pua ntawm cov lymphocytes hauv cov mis leukocyte thaum tuav lawv cov lej ib txwm.
Nrog cov lymphocytosis kiag, tag nrho cov lymphocytes hauv cov ntshav nce.
Yog tias nws tau tshwm sim tias cov lymphocytes hauv cov ntshav ntawm tus menyuam tau nce ntxiv raws li tus txheeb ze, qhov no qhia txog kev kis kab mob yav dhau los. Tus me nyuam lub cev raug cov kab mob hnyav dua, lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tshwm sim hnyav heev, yog li cov kev ntsuam xyuas tam sim ntawd qhia txog qib lymphocytes nce ntxiv. Tab sis kev rov qab los ntawm cov menyuam mos yuav siv sijhawm tsawg dua li cov neeg laus. Tsis tas li ntawd, yog tias cov lymphocytes nce siab, cov laj thawj yuav yog cov hauv qab no:
- typhoid;
- qee hom beriberi;
- kab mob endocrine;
- yoo mov;
- lub sijhawm tom qab txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob.
Kev kuaj ntshav qhia tias hom lymphocytes hauv cov ntshav ntawm tus menyuam nce siab yuav tsum yog lub hauv paus rau kev kuaj mob hnyav, vim qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau cov tsos mob ntawm cov kab mob loj xws li tuberculosis, rubella, mob siab viral kab mob siab., nqaij qaib pox, cytomegalovirus kab mob, lymphocytic angina, hyperthyroidism, leukemia ntawm hom lymphoblastic leukemia, lymphosarcoma. Hauv cov xwm txheej no, qib ntawm lymphocytes tuaj yeem ncav cuag 90-95%.
Lymphocytopenia
Txo cov qib lymphocytes hauv qab ib txwm yog hu ua lymphocytopenia. Lymphocytopenia kuj tseem tuaj yeem txheeb ze thiab meej. Cov txheeb ze lymphocytopenia yog nrog los ntawm cov txheej txheem inflammatory-purulent, mob ntsws. Tsis muaj lymphocytopenia pom nyob rau hauv pathologies ntawm cov pob txha liab, nrog rau kev tuag ntawm ntau cov lymphocytes, piv txwv li, nrog HIV.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tau pib kho raws sijhawm, vim tias qhov tshwm sim tuaj yeem txaus ntshai. Kev tiv thaiv lub cev (tshwj xeeb yog menyuam yaus) yog lub hauv paus ntawm kev noj qab haus huv, thiab koj yuav tsum xyuas kom meej tias cov lymphocytes ib txwm muaj.
