Pathology ntawm lub genitourinary system nrog cov tsos ntawm neoplasms uas muaj cov kua dej thiab qog hlwb hu ua cyst zes qe menyuam. Tus kab mob no yog dab tsi? Cov kab mob zoo li no tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ib tug hluas nkauj feem ntau nyob rau lub sij hawm ntawm 12 mus rau 15 xyoo. Nws yuav luag ib txwm tshwm sim thaum pib ntawm kev coj khaub ncaws. Qhov tshwm sim no tsis tuaj yeem tsis quav ntsej, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los pib kho. Kev kho tus kab mob no zoo li cas, koj yuav kawm hauv kab lus no.
Yuav ua li cas cystic neoplasm tshwm sim?
Thaum ua poj niam cev xeeb tub, cov follicle uas lub qe loj hlob tuaj thiab muaj kua. Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub voj voog, degradation overcomes nws, ovum raug tso tawm thiab lub cev daj yog tsim. Thiab thaum qhov no tsis tshwm sim, ces tus ntxhais tsim tsim uas zoo li npuas, ua rau cyst.
Kev loj hlob ntawm whale lub zes qe menyuam tuaj yeem ua tau zoo linkauj xwb, thiab ib tug hluas nkauj uas muaj kev sib deev. Raws li rau lub cyst benign, nws tuaj yeem daws nws tus kheej hauv ob lub hlis xwb, tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau lub cev hlo li.
Yog vim li cas
Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov kab mob zoo li no yog puberty nrog kev hloov pauv hormonal, uas yog nrog los ntawm qhov mob. Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem tshwm sim vim yog cov hauv qab no:
- tus kheej cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub cev;
- kab mob ntawm kev ua me nyuam;
- hormonal tsis ua haujlwm;
- teeb meem hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov thyroid caj pas;
- pib ntxov ntawm lub sijhawm lossis lub voj voog tsis xwm yeem;
- xov xwm ntxhov siab;
- kev hloov pauv;
- hnyav loads.
Symptoms
Lub zes qe menyuam yog ib qho benign neoplasm uas muaj cov qog hlwb thiab cov kua dej, cov tsos mob tuaj yeem tshwm sim sab nraum zes qe menyuam los yog hauv nws. Ib lub cyst tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub hnub nyoog me nyuam, txij li thaum tus ntxhais muaj nws thawj coj khaub ncaws. Txij li thaum nws yog nyob rau lub sij hawm no uas hormonal cuam tshuam yuav tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub cev ntawm ib tug hluas vim nws restructuring, uas ua rau cov tsos ntawm ib tug neoplasm.
Raws li txoj cai, tsim cov cyst ntawm zes qe menyuam tsis hnov tsw ntawm ib tug hluas nkauj, yog li txheej txheem ntawm kev txheeb xyuas nws nyuaj heev. Nws yog vim li no tias cov kws kho mob pom zoo kom kuaj xyuas lub plab hauv plab nrog kev kuaj ultrasound ib ntus. Xws litxoj kev tshawb no yuav pab txheeb xyuas cov neoplasm uas tau tshwm sim hauv ib tug hluas.
Nyob rau hauv cov neeg mob siab ntxiv, thaum qhov loj ntawm neoplasm tau mus txog qhov loj me, cov tsos mob hauv qab no ntawm lub zes qe menyuam hauv ib tug hluas nkauj yuav tshwm sim:
- mob plab hauv plab, uas tuaj yeem tshwm sim nrog cov ntshav txhaws los ntawm qhov chaw mos sab nraud ntawm kev coj khaub ncaws;
- nagging mob plab tom qab qoj ib ce;
- tsis ua raws li kev coj khaub ncaws thiab kev mob hnyav;
- tsis xis nyob thaum tso zis;
- nce lub cev kub;
- qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev nkees nkees;
- tsis quav ntsej.
Diagnosis
Thawj yam uas yuav tsum ceeb toom rau ib tug ntxhais los yog nws niam nws txiv yog ib tug hluas muaj zog, hnyav lub sij hawm thaum koj yuav tsum tau hloov cov ntaub ntawv kwv yees li ib teev los yog ob teev. Cov tsos mob hnyav kuj tau pom nyob rau lub sijhawm no. Tab sis qhov no tsis yog ib txoj kev kuaj mob txhim khu kev qha, yog vim li cas rau qhov no yog lub hnub nyoog ntawm tus ntxhais, vim hais tias cov tub ntxhais hluas yuav tsis muaj lub sij hawm tam sim ntawd. Yog li ntawd, nws tsis yog ib txwm ua tau los taug qab yam uas tau faib rau hnub no. Tab sis yog tias koj tuaj yeem txiav txim siab txog cov kab mob pathology, koj yuav tsum hu rau tus kws kho mob gynecologist tam sim ntawd.
Pib, qhov kev kuaj mob muaj kev kuaj xyuas los ntawm kws kho mob gynecologist. Lub cev nqaij daim tawv yuav palpated rau tej pob. Yog hais tias thaum lub sij hawm kuaj mob tshwm sim, qhov no qhia tau hais tias lub cyst yog loj. Ib txoj kev kuaj mob feem ntau yog qhov tsis mobKev kuaj ultrasound ntawm lub plab hauv plab hauv ib tug hluas. Tus neeg mob yuav tsum tau mus ntsib tus txheej txheem ultrasound, thiab nrog kev pab los ntawm nws yuav yooj yim los txheeb xyuas cov neoplasm. Tsis tas li ntawd, ultrasound yuav qhia tau tias qhov zoo li cas, xwm thiab qhov ntev ntawm lub foob, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb heev.
Kev kuaj mob ultrasound hauv cov ntxhais hluas uas tsis nyob hauv kev sib deev yog nqa tawm tsuas yog hauv plab (superficially los ntawm lub plab phab ntsa), thiab tsuas yog nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej hnyav, yog tias nws nyuaj rau saib lub plab, lawv tuaj yeem saib transrectal (los ntawm qhov quav.). Thaum lub cyst raug txheeb xyuas, kev soj ntsuam thiab kev kho mob yuav raug sau tseg, thiab nws tuaj nyob rau hauv ob hom. Txhua yam yuav nyob ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm tus kab mob. Kev kho mob tuaj yeem yog kho mob lossis phais. Nrog rau qhov tshwm sim, nws tsis tuaj yeem tsis quav ntsej.
Types of cysts
Rau cov ntxhais hluas thaum muaj hnub nyoog li no, tsuas yog follicular thiab hemorrhagic cysts tuaj yeem ua tus yam ntxwv.
- Follicular ovarian cyst nyob rau hauv ib tug hluas nkauj hnub nyoog 14 xyoo. Nrog rau hom cyst no, kev coj khaub ncaws yog ib txwm mob heev, ntev, feem ntau tsis xwm yeem thiab profuse. Tsis tas li ntawd, 20% ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas uas muaj lub cyst muaj cov menyuam yaus los ntshav.
- Hemorrhagic cysts. Cov tsos mob tshwm sim los ntawm qhov mob ib txwm nyob hauv plab plab thaum kawg ntawm kev coj khaub ncaws thiab kev ua tsis taus pa.
Tseem paub qhov txawv ntawm cov qog zes qe menyuam hauv cov ntxhais hluas thaum 16:
- Cyst of the corpus luteum. Cov tsos ntawm cov dej nrog ntshav impurities nyob rau hauv lub corpus luteum, uaslined nrog luteal hlwb. Hypothermia, kev siv cov tshuaj aspirin-muaj tshuaj thiab kev ua kom lub cev ntau dhau tuaj yeem ua rau muaj tus kab mob.
- Musinous. Zoo li follicle. Twb muaj kuab kuab muaj zog.
- ob sab. Ob lub zes qe menyuam raug puas tsuaj, ua rau muaj kab mob polycystic.
Kev kho mob
Ntau zaus, cov kws kho mob tau sau tshuaj kho tsuas yog thaum kuaj pom muaj kev loj hlob ntawm neoplasm. Piv txwv li, ib tug follicular zes qe menyuam cyst nyob rau hauv ib tug hluas nkauj nyob rau hauv ib tug hluas nkauj yuav daws tau nws tus kheej tom qab ob peb lub cev ntas. Thaum kho tshuaj tseem tsim nyog, tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb yuav xaiv cov tshuaj, suav nrog cov hnub nyoog, seb puas muaj cov kab mob ntev thiab lwm yam ntxwv ntawm tus tub ntxhais hluas lub cev.
Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev kho lub zes qe menyuam hauv cov menyuam ntxhais hluas tsis yog tsuas yog tshem tawm tag nrho cov tsim, tab sis tseem khaws cov kev ua me nyuam thiab txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm zes qe menyuam. Cov kws kho mob feem ntau siv cov tshuaj hormonal, tab sis qee zaum siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev yug menyuam kom tsis txhob loj hlob ntawm cyst. Lub sijhawm kho rau cov tub ntxhais hluas yuav siv li peb lub hlis. Kev kho ntawm zes qe menyuam yuav tsum nruj me ntsis raws li kev saib xyuas ntawm tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus neeg mob yuav tsum ua raws li lub txaj so, noj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab cov vitamins.
Cyst ua haujlwm
Kev phais kom tshem tawm cov cyst yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm laparoscopy thiab laparotomy. Yog hais tias tus kab mob yuav nyuaj, ces nws yog ua tauDestination:
- cystectomy (ib lub neoplasm ze ze ntawm zes qe menyuam raug tshem tawm kom khaws cov ntaub so ntswg noj qab haus huv);
- ovariectomy (lub cyst raug tshem tawm nrog rau ntawm zes qe menyuam);
- adnexectomy (appendages raug tshem tawm tag nrho, qhov kev tshem tawm no tsuas yog sau rau hauv qhov tshwj xeeb xwb).
Kev tshem tawm kev phais tsis yog ntau, tab sis laparoscopy feem ntau siv, thiab nws tso cai rau koj kom txuag tau kev ua me nyuam.
Muaj Teeb Meem
Yog tias qhov tshwm sim no tsis kho, ces nws yog fraught nrog ntau tus kab mob, thiab lawv tuaj yeem ua rau tuag taus. Yog vim li cas qhov tshwm sim no tsuas yog yuav tsum tau kho. Tsawg kawg yog ob zaug hauv ib xyoos nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau mus ntsib kws kho mob gynecologist. Tseem muaj cov teeb meem xws li:
- Lub cyst yog suppurating. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, cov qauv hloov pauv, qhov ntim ntawm cov kua ntim tau nce ntxiv.
- Malignancy, vim qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov neoplasm nce qhov loj, thiab qhov no ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab rau cov kabmob nyob ze.
- Qhov tshwm sim ntawm adhesions, uas yav tom ntej yog fraught nrog infertility.
- Torsion ntawm ob txhais ceg ntawm neoplasm. Tag nrho cov no tshwm sim ua ke nrog cov tsos mob ntawm xeev siab, ntuav, mob hauv plab plab, uas tsis ploj mus txawm tias tom qab noj tshuaj kho mob.
- Rupture of the cyst. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm ejection ntawm cov kua nyob rau hauv lub cyst, peritonitis yuav tshwm sim.
Cov tsos mob tau hais: mob taub hauKev hnov qab ntawm zes qe menyuam, nce lub cev kub, ntuav, qaug zog.
Kev Tiv Thaiv
Yuav tiv thaiv tus kab mob no, tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv. Txhawm rau kom tus ntxhais tsis txhob muaj lub zes qe menyuam, nws niam nws txiv yuav tsum saib xyuas kev coj khaub ncaws, tus ntxhais yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj kev ntxhov siab, nws tus mob yuav tsum nyob twj ywm, thiab yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj kev tawm dag zog ntau. Ib tug gynecologist yuav tsum tau mus ntsib ob zaug ib xyoos, tsis tsawg. Tus niam yuav tsum tau tham nrog tus ntxhais txog kev sib deev lub neej, tus ntxhais yuav tsum paub tias yog thaum lub sijhawm sib deev nws muaj cov tsos mob tshwm sim, qhov no tsis zoo. Koj kuj yuav tsum txwv tus ntxhais los ntawm solarium lossis tus cwj pwm phem. Yog tias koj ua raws li tag nrho cov saum toj no, ces qhov tshwm sim uas tus ntxhais yuav muaj lub zes qe menyuam yuav pom qhov txo qis. Vim li no cov niam txiv yuav tsum ceev faj thiab saib xyuas lawv tus menyuam txoj kev noj qab haus huv.
Kev tshwm sim ntawm cysts
Nyob rau hauv cov ntxhais hluas, ib qho cyst ntawm zes qe menyuam tshwm sim ntau npaum li cov poj niam, thiab cov kws kho mob hais tias cov kab mob no tsis xaiv tus neeg raug tsim txom los ntawm hnub nyoog. Feem ntau, cov neeg mob hnub nyoog 12 txog 15 xyoos tuaj ntsib kws kho mob gynecologist nrog qhov teeb meem no, thiab lub cyst tau nyob hauv cov neeg mob zoo li no hauv lub zes qe menyuam.
Qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov zes qe menyuam hauv ib tug ntxhais hauv nws cov hluas yog dab tsi?
Thaum tsis muaj kev kho mob kom raug, cov kab mob no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj ntau yam teeb meem, feem ntautig mus rau malfunctions ntawm zes qe menyuam. Koj yuav tsum tsis txhob cia siab tias lub cyst uas tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ib qho ntawm zes qe menyuam yuav dhau los ntawm nws tus kheej, koj yuav tsum sab laj nrog kws kho mob kom raws sijhawm, txwv tsis pub cov neoplasm yuav maj mam loj hlob thiab yuav ua rau cov kab mob hauv nruab nrog cev uas nyob ze. Yog li, thaum lub cyst loj hlob, nws yuav ua rau muaj zog ntawm cov hnyuv, ureters, thiab ntawm lub zais zis. Tsis tas li ntawd, adhesions yuav tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub plab kab noj hniav, uas thaum kawg yuav ua rau infertility, tab sis tsis yog tag nrho, vim cov kua paug tuaj yeem tsim hauv cov txhuam hniav. Qhov no yuav ua rau tus kab mob thib ob thiab qog necrosis.
