Hais txog tus kab mob xws li mob qog noj ntshav, nws tau paub txij li lub sijhawm Neanderthals. Qhov no tau lees paub los ntawm archaeological excavations. Lub npe ntawm tus kab mob tau muab los ntawm Hippocrates. Qhov feem pua ntawm cov neeg mob tau loj hlob txhua xyoo. Hauv pab pawg muaj kev pheej hmoo, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, cov neeg muaj hnub nyoog nruab nrab thiab laus dua. Cov qog nqaij hlav qhov ncauj tsis tshua muaj. Qhov no suav nrog tsuas yog 5% ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav. Tom ntej no, xav txog thawj theem ntawm kev mob qog noj ntshav ntawm qhov ncauj. Nws tseem ceeb heev kom paub txog tus kab mob nyob rau theem no.
Dab tsi tuaj yeem ua rau muaj tus kabmob kis tau
Yog tias koj tsis kho cov kab mob ntawm qhov ncauj kom raws sijhawm, qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau mob qog noj ntshav. Tus kws kho hniav tuaj yeem kuaj qhov teeb meem. Xav txog cov kab mob uas ua rau muaj kev hem thawj rau peb txoj kev noj qab haus huv:
1. Leukoplakia. Nws muaj ob hom - verrucous thiab erosive. Nyob rau hauv lub qhov ncauj, nyob rau hauv lub mucosa, dawb, tiaj lesions tshwm. Yuav tsum muaj kev sib koom ua ke rau kev kho mob:
- Kev huv ntawm qhov ncauj.
- Vitamins yog sau.
- YGlucocorticosteroid tshuaj pleev.
2. Bowen tus kab mob. Spotted nodular formations tshwm sim ntawm lub mucosa. Lawv zoo li sib koom ua ke rau hauv cov plaques hyperemic nrog lub ntsej muag du. raug tshem tawmphais lossis ze-focus X-ray therapy.
3. papillomatosis. Qhov no yog ib qho papillary proliferation ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg dawb ntawm lub stalk. Tej zaum yuav tawv dhau sijhawm. Kho nrog txoj kev phais.
4. Erythroplakia. Cov pob liab liab tuaj yeem ua rau mob qog noj ntshav. Ntawm kev kuaj mob ntawm kws kho hniav, nrhiav pom lawv, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum pib kho sai sai.
5. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev hem thawj los ntawm daim ntawv erosive ntawm lichen planus thiab lupus erythematosus. Nws tshwm sim los ntawm kev yaig thiab tsis yog epithelialized manifestations, nrog rau compaction ntawm stratum corneum. Kev daws teeb meem yuav tsum tau ua raws li kev kho mob ntawm tus kab mob hauv qab. Tib lub sijhawm, lawv xaiv:
- YGlucocorticosteroid tshuaj.
- Antimalarials.
- Nicotinic acid.
Vitamin B.
Tag nrho cov kab mob no yog precancerous. Mob qog noj ntshav ntawm qhov ncauj mucosa tau pom meej meej hauv daim duab saum toj no. Raws li txoj cai, nws tuaj yeem tshawb pom thaum lub sijhawm tshuaj xyuas tas li. Feem ntau, qhov kev kuaj mob tau lees paub thaum mus ntsib kws kho hniav.
Leej twg txaus ntshai
Raws li txoj cai, mob qog noj ntshav hauv qhov ncauj ua rau nws tus kheej hnov hauv cov txiv neej tom qab 40 xyoo. Kuj tseem muaj kev pheej hmoo tuaj yeem raug ntaus nqi rau cov neeg uas:
- Kev haus luam yeeb thiab zom cov luam yeeb.
- Muaj hniav tsis haum.
- Nyob nquag.
Cov neeg mob uas muaj cov kab mob no tseem muaj kev pheej hmoo:
- Leukoplakia.
- Bowen's disease.
- Erythroplakia.
- Lichen liab.
- Ylupus erythematosus.
Thiab kuj yog tib neeg papillomavirus tuaj yeem ua rau mob qog noj ntshav.
Ntau yam ua rau mob qog noj ntshav
Nws yog qhov tsim nyog los qhia cov laj thawj uas tuaj yeem ua rau kev loj hlob ntawm qog nqaij hlav hauv qhov ncauj ntawm txhua tus neeg:
- Hereditary factor.
- HIV
- Kev huv qhov ncauj tsis zoo.
- Ntau kab mob fungal ntawm qhov ncauj kab noj hniav.
- Kev noj zaub mov tsis txaus ntawm cov vitamins thiab minerals.
- Ib puag ncig tsis zoo.
- Ntsuag qaub ncaug.
- Kev sib cuag ntev nrog asbestos.
- kev tiv thaiv tsis muaj zog.
Cov tsos mob thaum ntxov
Thaum thawj theem ntawm kev loj hlob, mob qog noj ntshav hauv qhov ncauj tuaj yeem txawj zais nws tus kheej li ntau yam txheej txheem pathological ntawm cov mucous membrane. Cov no tuaj yeem yog:
- Nyob rau ntawm mucosa.
- Nyob ulcers.
- Seals.
- kab mob fungal.
Cov tsos mob ntawm qhov ncauj mob cancer tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv raws li hauv qab no:
- Zoo tawm thiab xoob.
- Cov pos hniav tsis zoo. Los ntshav.
- tus nplaig loj tuaj thiab tuab.
- Yav dhau los tus nplaig.
- Poob saj.
- Mob lub puab tsaig, o tuaj yeem ua tau.
- Nqej nqos, zom.
- Tseem ua pa phem.
- Nyob ze cov qog ntshav tau nthuav dav.
- Kev poob qisluj.
Thaum muaj cov tsos mob no, mob qog noj ntshav hauv qhov ncauj tsis yog ib txwm lees paub, tab sis lawv yuav tsum tsis txhob raug ignored. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog mus ntsib kws kho mob tshwj xeeb thiab, yog tias tsim nyog, pib kho. Los ntshav ntawm qhov txhab thiab qhov nce hauv cov kev hloov pauv pathological yog ib qho kev qhia tsis zoo thaum lub sijhawm tus kab mob. Kab mob uas tsis quav ntsej tuaj yeem ua rau mob qog noj ntshav.
Cov neeg mob thaum pib ntseeg tias qhov ua rau hauv caj pas lossis cuam tshuam nrog cov hniav, yog li nws tseem ceeb heev kom mus ntsib kws kho mob.
Qhov chaw mob qog noj ntshav
Cia peb xav txog qhov twg cov txheej txheem qog tuaj yeem nyob:
- Nyob rau ntawm tawv thiab mos palate.
- Nyob hauv plhu.
- Nyob ntawm tus nplaig. Tsis tshua muaj heev, lub hauv paus los yog lub ntsis ntawm tus nplaig, nrog rau sab sauv thiab sab saum toj yog cuam tshuam.
- Ntawm cov leeg hauv pem teb ntawm lub qhov ncauj, ntawm cov qog qaub ncaug.
- Ntawm cov txheej txheem alveolar ntawm lub puab tsaig sab sauv thiab sab qis.
Kuj muab faib ua theem ntawm qhov ncauj thiab cov ntawv.
Cov ntaub ntawv ntawm oncological pathology ntawm qhov ncauj kab noj hniav
Thaum pib, mob qog noj ntshav muaj peb hom:
- mob plab. Nws loj hlob sai, tab sis kuj tuaj yeem maj mam. Hauv txhua kis ntawm tus kheej. Qhov no yog 50% ntawm cov neeg mob. Cancer ntawm qhov ncauj kab noj hniav yog pom meej nyob rau hauv daim duab. Thawj theem hauv daim ntawv ulcerative tau kho tau zoo.
- Nodal. tshwm sim tsawg zaus. Cov no yog cov pob dawb uas muaj cov ntsaws ruaj ruaj nyob ib puag ncig. Txhim kho qeeb dua li daim ntawv ulcerative.
- Papillary. Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm daim ntawv no yog ceev heev. Kev loj hlob ntom ntom ntawm mucosa.
Lub Sijhawm Kev Txhim Kho Cancer
txheej txheem mob qog noj ntshav ntawm qhov ncauj mucosa hauv nwskev loj hlob mus dhau cov theem hauv qab no:
- Beginner.
- txheej txheem txhim kho.
- Started.
Qhov tsis muaj tsos mob yog ib qho ntawm cov yam ntxwv tshwm sim ntawm thawj theem ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm qhov ncauj. Qhov txhab, tawg, nodules tshwm, uas maj mam nce.
Tsis mob. Thawj theem mob qog noj ntshav hauv qhov ncauj tau qhia meej meej hauv daim duab saum toj no. Thaum mob tshwm sim, cov neeg mob koom nrog cov kab mob hauv caj pas, cov hniav, tab sis tsis yog nrog kev tsim cov qog.
theem ntawm cov txheej txheem qog
Kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov ncauj qhov ncauj tuaj yeem muab faib ua 4 theem:
- Thawj theem. Cov qog yog tsawg dua 1 cm nyob rau hauv lub cheeb. Nws yog cov yam ntxwv uas cov txheej txheem tsis mus dhau ntawm cov mucous thiab submucosal txheej. Tsis muaj metastases.
- theem thib ob. Cov qog nyob rau hauv txoj kab uas hla tsis tshaj 2 centimeters. Nws tshwm sim los ntawm germination nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntaub so ntswg mus rau ib tug tob ntawm 1 centimeter. Metastases tsis tuaj. Tej zaum yuav muaj ib cheeb tsam metastasis.
- Thib peb. Cov qog tsis pub tshaj 3 centimeters nyob rau hauv lub cheeb. Muaj ntau lub regional metastases ntawm sab. Qhov tsis muaj metastases nyob deb yog yam ntxwv.
- theem plaub. Cov qog yog loj dua 3 cm nyob rau hauv lub cheeb. Kev loj hlob nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam sublingual, cortical txheej, pob txha, tawv nqaij, qis alveolar paj yog yam ntxwv. Metastases raug pom nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov kab mob nyob deb.
Kev kuaj mob thiab txiav txim siab txog theem ntawm mob qog noj ntshav ntawm qhov ncauj mucosa tsuas yog tom qab ua tiavkuaj mob. Xav paub ntau ntxiv tom qab.
Kev kuaj kab mob
Ua ntej tshaj plaws, tus kws kho mob yuav tsum paub cov lus nug hauv qab no:
- Ntev npaum li cas qhov tsis xis nyob hauv qhov ncauj tshwm sim.
- Yuav ua li cas yog qhov mob, yog tias muaj.
- Tus neeg mob tau noj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob lossis tshuaj tua kab mob dab tsi.
- Tus cwj pwm phem yog dab tsi.
- Puas muaj cov kab mob zoo sib xws hauv tsev neeg.
Kev kuaj lub cev ntawm qhov ncauj kab noj hniav, palpation ntawm cov qog ntshav hauv cheeb tsam. Tus kws kho mob yuav xa koj mus rau ultrasound. Yog tias muaj cov txheej txheem qog nqaij hlav, qhov zoo-koob aspiration biopsy ntawm lymph node thiab qog yog ua. Nws yog biopsy uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm paub meej lossis tsis lees paub qhov kev kuaj mob.
Qhov kev kuaj mob tsuas tuaj yeem lees paub los ntawm kev kuaj histological ntawm cov qog. Qhov no yog ua tau tom qab phais. Cov qog thiab lub cev tshem tawm raug xa mus kuaj.
Tsis tas li, cov txheej txheem kuaj mob suav nrog:
- Ultrasound ntawm lub plab hnyuv plab.
- x-ray.
- Osteoscintigraphy.
- CT taub hau thiab caj dab.
Cov kev tshawb fawb zoo li no yog xav tau los txiav txim siab metastases hauv lub cev nyob deb.
kev kho mob thaum ntxov
mob qog noj ntshav hauv qhov ncauj thaum pib ntawm nws txoj kev loj hlob cuam tshuam nrog kev phais. Siv los kho thawj theem.
Kev phais yog nyob ntawm seb qhov qog nyob qhov twg. Qee zaum koj yuav tsum ua cov haujlwm radical thiab tshem tawm ib nrablus. Ntawm lub palate, tom qab nws excision, rov qab los ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm tus nplaig yog ua tau. Raws li txoj cai, tom qab kev phais, kev tsim kho yuav tsum tau ua. Nws kuj yog ib qho kev pheej hmoo loj heev rau cov neeg mob. Cov neeg tuag coob heev. Kev ua haujlwm nyuaj thiab raug mob heev.
Nyob rau theem pib, cov txheej txheem ntawm irradiation nrog gamma rays yog siv yam tsis muaj kev phais. Nws tuaj yeem ua ke nrog ua tiav lossis ib nrab tshem tawm ntawm cov qog. Kev kho mob nrov rau kev mob qog noj ntshav hauv qhov ncauj thaum ntxov yog qhia hauv daim duab hauv qab no.
X-ray hluav taws xob muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov txheej txheem qog.
Txog ntawm theem tsuas tuaj yeem kho tau los ntawm kev siv cov txheej txheem ua ke.
Kev kho hluav taws xob
Txoj kev no yog siv ua ntej kev phais. Irradiation kuj tseem siv nyob rau theem pib ntawm kev txhim kho qog noj ntshav. Nws tso cai rau koj txo cov qog mus rau 1 centimeter. Qhov loj ntawm qhov loj ntawm malignancy, qhov ntau dua ntawm cov hluav taws xob siv hluav taws xob. Ua ntej kev kho mob nrog txoj kev nqaj, yuav tsum ua kom tiav kev huv ntawm lub qhov ncauj. Tag nrho cov hniav yuav tsum noj qab nyob zoo, thiab cov yas yas thiab cov hniav yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm. Feem ntau, kev kho hluav taws xob yog siv yog tias cov qog me me.
Gamma rays tua tsis tau tsuas yog cov qog nqaij hlav cancer xwb, tab sis kuj muaj kev noj qab haus huv. Cov kev mob tshwm sim tshwm sim yog:
- Redness ntawm daim tawv nqaij.
- Ntxhais tawv nqaij qhuav, tawg.
- Suab hloov.
- Qub qhov ncauj.
- Zoo nqos.
Txhua yam kev mob tshwm sim ploj mus tom qabkev kho mob.
Nws tseem tuaj yeem siv txoj kev kho mob brachytherapy. Ib tug pas nrig muab tso rau hauv cov qog nqaij hlav cancer, uas muab hluav taws xob.
Kev kho hluav taws xob tuaj yeem txo qhov kev loj hlob thiab kev tsim tawm ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav cancer, thiab tseem txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm rov tshwm sim dua.
Tshuaj khomob
Tshuaj khomob tuaj yeem siv ua ke nrog kev kho mob ob qho tib si ntawm thawj theem thiab hauv cov neeg mob siab. Nws yog siv ob qho tib si ua ntej thiab tom qab phais. Tej zaum yuav ua ke nrog kev kho hluav taws xob. Kev npaj hauv txhua rooj plaub raug xaiv tus kheej. Cov tshuaj yog muab los ntawm ib tug drip. Qhov twg yog nyob ntawm theem, hom thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov txheej txheem qog.
Tshuaj khomob tuaj yeem txo cov qog, tshem tawm cov metastases, txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm rov tshwm sim dua. Cov txheej txheem chemotherapy kuj pom nyob rau theem pib ntawm mob qog noj ntshav hauv qhov ncauj. Daim duab qhia txog tus txheej txheem.
Nyob rau theem pib, cov tshuaj kws khomob kuj raug sau tseg.
Cov kev mob tshwm sim hauv qab no tuaj yeem tshwm sim thaum kws khomob:
- Ntaus.
- Vim.
- Failure.
- kab mob fungal.
- Zoo.
- pab.
Thaum thawj cov tsos mob tshwm sim, koj yuav tsum sab laj nrog kws kho mob. Koj lub neej nyob ntawm nws. Dab tsi yog qhov prognosis ntawm qhov ncauj? Xav paub ntau ntxiv tom qab.
kab mob prognosis
Kev kho mob zoo nyob ntawm ntau yam:
- qog loj.
- Presence of metastases.
- Ntev npaum li castxheej txheem kav.
Nws tseem ceeb heev kom paub qhov txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov txheej txheem malignant. Nws tuaj yeem yog:
- High.
- Low.
- Moderate.
Kev pom zoo yog qhov zoo thaum cov txheej txheem tsis nruj. Hauv qhov no, cov qog ua haujlwm zoo rau kev kho mob thiab kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev kis tus kabmob metastases raug txo.
Thaum pib, mob qog noj ntshav hauv qhov ncauj yog kho tau. Qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev rov zoo tag nrho yog siab heev. Qhov thib peb thiab thib plaub theem txo qhov ua tau zoo ntawm kev ua tiav, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias cov txheej txheem metastasis tau npog tag nrho cov kabmob. Txawm li cas los xij, kev tshawb fawb tsis nyob twj ywm, thiab cov kws kho mob oncologist tau ua tiav 60% kev muaj sia nyob txawm tias theem thib peb thiab plaub.
Kev ntsuas kev kho mob nyob ntawm seb koj mus ntsib kws kho mob li cas. Nyob rau theem pib, nws yog qhov zoo, tab sis theem thib peb thiab plaub yog kho tau. Yuav tsum ua raws li tus kws kho mob cov lus pom zoo.
Kev tiv thaiv kab mob hauv qhov ncauj
Yog tias koj muaj kev pheej hmoo lossis muaj cov caj ces, ntawm no yog qee cov lus qhia yooj yim los pab txo koj txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm mob qog noj ntshav hauv qhov ncauj:
- Txhob tus cwj pwm phem. Kev haus luam yeeb, zom cov luam yeeb nce 4 zaug.
- Kua qhov ncauj kom huv si.
- Kho koj cov hniav thiab cov pos hniav kom raws sijhawm thiab zoo.
- Kuaj xyuas tias tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj thiab cov hniav hauv lub qhov ncauj.
- Khoom noj khoom haus yuav tsum sib npaug. Zaub thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo, cereals yuav tsum muaj nyob rau hauv cov zaub mov.
- Tsis txhob noj zaub mov kub thiab txias, zaub mov nrogpreservatives, kib thiab ntsim.
- txwv koj lub hnub raug. Siv tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub.
- Yog tias koj muaj kev pheej hmoo, mus ntsib koj tus kws kho mob tsis tu ncua.
- Kho cov kab mob fungal, stomatitis thiab kab mob ntev raws sijhawm.
Saib xyuas koj kev noj qab haus huv! Nco ntsoov: Nrhiav tus kws kho mob ntxov tuaj yeem cawm koj txoj sia.
