Peb txhua tus npau suav ntawm cov hniav dawb-dawb zoo nkauj, tab sis, hmoov tsis, tsis yog txhua tus tuaj yeem khav ntawm Hollywood luag ntxhi. Niaj hnub no, cov kws kho hniav tau kuaj pom ntau yam kab mob ntawm lub qhov ncauj hauv cov neeg laus. Hom kab mob feem ntau, nrog rau lawv cov laj thawj thiab cov kev kho mob, yuav raug txiav txim siab hauv kab lus.
Yog vim li cas
Tib neeg qhov ncauj kab noj hniav ua ntau yam haujlwm tshwj xeeb. Yuav luag tag nrho cov txheej txheem pathological hauv nws yog sib cuam tshuam nrog cov kab mob ntawm ntau lub cev thiab tib neeg lub cev.
Kab mob ntawm cov hniav thiab cov kab noj hniav tuaj yeem tshwm sim vim:
- kev kho tsis tau tshuaj tua kab mob;
- noj ntau ntsim thiab kub, dej cawv, haus luam yeeb;
- kab mob sib kis;
- dej;
- vitaminosis ntau yam;
- pathologies ntawm lub cev thiab lub cev;
- hormonal fluctuations;
- genetic predisposition.
Nyobdaim duab hauv qab no qhia txog qhov piv txwv ntawm tus kab mob ntawm qhov ncauj (daim duab qhia tias tus mob stomatitis zoo li cas).
Nyob rau hauv lub xeev ib txwm, lub qhov ncauj kab noj hniav yog nyob ntawm cov kab mob, uas yog cais raws li opportunistic pathogens. Raws li kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov yam tsis zoo, qee hom microflora nce lawv cov kab mob thiab dhau los ua cov kab mob.
kab mob hauv qhov ncauj: kev faib tawm thiab kev kho mob
Kab mob uas tshwm sim hauv tib neeg lub qhov ncauj tuaj yeem muab faib ua kab mob sib kis, kab mob thiab fungal. Cia peb xav txog qhov nthuav dav txhua yam ntawm pathology thiab cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb ntawm kev kho.
Kab mob kis kab mob thiab kab mob
Cov kab mob sib kis ntawm lub qhov ncauj hauv cov neeg laus yog qhov teeb meem tshaj plaws niaj hnub no, uas ua rau tus kws kho hniav, otolaryngologist lossis kws kho mob dav dav. Cov kab mob ntsig txog cov tsiaj no yog:
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Pharyngitis yog ib qho mob ntawm cov mucous ntawm caj pas. Yeej, tus kab mob no tshwm sim los ntawm cov tsos mob xws li tsis xis nyob, ua pa thiab mob caj pas. Pharyngitis tuaj yeem tshwm sim vim qhov nqus tau ntawm huab cua txias lossis qias neeg, ntau yam tshuaj lom neeg, haus luam yeeb. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov ua rau tus kab mob no feem ntau yog kab mob (pneumococcus). Feem ntau tus kab mob no yog nrog los ntawm kev ua tsis taus pa, ua npaws. Tus kab mob no tau kuaj pom los ntawm kev kuaj xyuas dav dav thiab lub caj pas. Tshuaj tua kab mob rau kev kho mob pharyngitis yog siv nyob rau hauv tsawg zaus. Raws li txoj cai, nws yog qhov txaus los ua raws li kev noj zaub mov tshwj xeeb, ua kom sov ko taw da dej, thov sov compresses ntawm caj dab,nqus pa, yaug, haus mis nyuj sov nrog zib ntab.
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Glossitis yog cov txheej txheem inflammatory uas hloov cov qauv thiab xim ntawm tus nplaig. Qhov ua rau tus kab mob yog kis kab mob ntawm qhov ncauj. Glossitis tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm tus nplaig kub hnyiab, raug mob rau tus nplaig thiab qhov ncauj kab noj hniav, tag nrho cov no yog "dhau" rau kev kis kab mob. Kuj tseem muaj kev pheej hmoo yog cov neeg nyiam haus cawv, khoom noj ntsim, qhov ncauj fresheners. Tau kawg, qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm glossitis yog siab dua rau cov neeg uas tsis saib xyuas cov cai ntawm kev nyiam huv thiab tsis saib xyuas lub qhov ncauj kom zoo. Thaum thawj theem, tus kab mob tshwm sim los ntawm kev kub hnyiab, tsis xis nyob, tom qab tus nplaig yuav ci liab, salivation nce, saj sensations ua npub. Kho glossitis yuav tsum tau muab los ntawm kws kho hniav. Kev kho mob muaj nyob rau hauv kev noj tshuaj, cov tseem ceeb yog cov tshuaj xws li Chlorhexidine, Chlorophyllipt, Actovegin, Furacilin, Fluconazole.
Kab mob ntawm qhov ncauj hauv cov neeg laus -
Gingivitis yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev mob ntawm cov pos hniav mucosa. Tus kab mob no feem ntau tshwm sim ntawm cov hluas thiab cov poj niam cev xeeb tub. Gingivitis muab faib ua catarrhal, atrophic, hypertrophic, ulcerative necrotic. Catarrhal gingivitis yog tshwm sim los ntawm liab thiab o ntawm cov pos hniav, lawv khaus thiab los ntshav. Nrog atrophic gingivitis, ib tug neeg reacts sharply rau cov khoom noj txias thiab kub, theem ntawm cov pos hniav txo, cov hniav yuav raug. Hypertrophic gingivitis yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev nce hauv gingival papillae, uas pib npog ib feem ntawm cov hniav, ntxiv rau cov pos hniav.mob thiab los ntshav me ntsis. Ib qho cim qhia ntawm ulcerative necrotic gingivitis yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov txhab thiab qhov chaw necrotic, thiab tus kab mob no kuj tshwm sim los ntawm kev ua pa phem, mob hnyav, tsis muaj zog, ua npaws, o ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav hauv lub sijhawm luv. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb yuav muab cov lus pom zoo txog kev tu lub qhov ncauj, tom qab ntawd koj tuaj yeem zam qhov tshwm sim ntawm tus kab mob no yav tom ntej. Rau kev kho mob ntawm catarrhal gingivitis, decoctions ntawm cov nroj tsuag tshuaj yog siv (oak paus, sage, chamomile paj, marshmallow paus). Nrog atrophic gingivitis, kev kho mob tsis yog tsuas yog siv cov tshuaj (vitamin C, B vitamins, hydrogen peroxide), tab sis kuj muaj cov txheej txheem kho mob xws li electrophoresis, darsonvalization, vibration massage. Kev kho mob ntawm hypertrophic gingivitis muaj nyob rau hauv kev siv cov tshuaj uas tsis yog-steroidal anti-inflammatory (Salvin, Galascorbin) thiab tshuaj tua kab mob ntawm lub hauv paus chiv keeb (Tanin, Heparin, Novoimanin). Nyob rau hauv kev kho mob ntawm necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis, antihistamines thiab tshuaj xws li Pangeksavit, Trypsin, Terrilitin, Iruxol thiab lwm yam yog siv.
kho cov kab mob ntawm qhov ncauj mucosa -
Stomatitis yog kab mob kis ntau tshaj plaws ntawm lub qhov ncauj. Qhov ua rau muaj kab mob hauv lub cev tuaj yeem sib txawv,xws li kev raug mob txhua yam. Nkag mus, tus kab mob tsim cov yam ntxwv rwj. Lawv cuam tshuam rau sab hauv ntawm daim di ncauj thiab lub puab tsaig, lub hauv paus ntawm tus nplaig. Cov kab mob yog ib leeg, ntiav, puag ncig, nrog cov npoo du, qhov chaw yog npog nrog zaj duab xis, cov qhov txhab feem ntau mob heev.
Stomatitis feem ntau tshwm sim hauv caj pas. Tus kab mob manifests nws tus kheej nrog mob heev thaum nqos, khaus, o, hws. Tus kab mob tuaj yeem tshwm sim vim muaj ntau yam laj thawj: kub hnyiab ntawm cov mucous membrane, ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm kev txhaws, noj qee yam tshuaj (hypnotics, anticonvulsants, qee hom tshuaj tua kab mob). Stomatitis hauv caj pas tuaj yeem tsis meej pem nrog kev tshwm sim ntawm tus mob khaub thuas. Tab sis ntawm kev ntsuam xyuas, cov kab mob dawb-daj tsim ntawm tus nplaig lossis tonsils tau pom. Kev kho tus kab mob no suav nrog kev siv tshuaj txhuam hniav tshwj xeeb thiab qhov ncauj yaug uas tsis muaj sodium lauryl sulfate. Cov tshuaj loog yog siv los txo qhov mob ntawm qhov txhab. Txhawm rau gargle, siv cov tshuaj hydrogen peroxide, infusion ntawm calendula lossis chamomile siv tshuaj xws li Tantum Verde, Stomatidine, Givalex.
Tshuaj kho cov kab mob ntawm qhov ncauj mucosa yuav tsum tau ua ke nrog kev noj zaub mov tshwj xeeb raws li cov khoom noj ib nrab ua kua, ntxiv rau, nws raug nquahu kom tsis txhob noj ntsim, qab ntsev thiab zaub mov kub.
kab mob kis
kab mob kis ntawm qhov ncauj kab noj hniav hauv cov neeg laus yog tshwm sim los ntawm papillomavirustib neeg thiab tus kab mob herpes.
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Herpes yog ib yam mob uas tshwm sim ntau tshaj plaws. Raws li cov kws tshawb fawb, 90% ntawm tag nrho cov neeg nyob hauv peb lub ntiaj teb tau kis tus kab mob herpes. Feem ntau, tus kab mob hauv lub cev yog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv latent. Nyob rau hauv ib tug neeg uas muaj zog tiv thaiv, nws muaj peev xwm tshwm sim nws tus kheej raws li ib tug me me pob ntawm daim di ncauj, uas tuag tawm nyob rau hauv 1-2 lub lis piam yam tsis muaj kev pab sab nraud. Yog hais tias ib tug neeg tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv lub cev, herpes manifests nws tus kheej ntau ho. Kev ntxhov siab, kev phais, mob khaub thuas, pw tsis tsaug zog, txias, cua, kev coj khaub ncaws tuaj yeem ua rau tus kab mob no.
Herpes zuj zus. Thaum pib, muaj khaus thiab tingling ntawm daim di ncauj thiab cov ntaub so ntswg uas nyob ib sab, tom qab daim di ncauj o, ua liab, muaj mob uas cuam tshuam nrog kev hais lus lossis noj mov. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov npuas ib leeg lossis lawv pawg tag nrho tshwm sim. Tom qab qee lub sijhawm, cov npuas no pib tawg thiab tig mus rau hauv cov kab mob me me, lawv tau npog nrog cov tawv tawv tawv uas tawg. Maj mam, cov kab mob ploj mus, qhov mob thiab qhov liab liab ploj mus. Thaum thawj qhov tshwm sim ntawm herpes, nws raug nquahu kom moisten daim di ncauj nrog cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb thiab siv dej khov rau lawv. Cov npuas uas tshwm sim yuav tsum tau lubricated nrog cov tshuaj pleev tshwj xeeb uas tuaj yeem yuav ntawm lub tsev muag tshuaj, piv txwv li Penciclovir.
- Papillomas tuaj yeem tshwm sim ntawm ntau qhov chaw ntawm lub cev. Qee hom kab mob ua rau kev loj hlob ntawm papilloma nyob rau hauv lub qhov ncauj kab noj hniav. Dawb plaques tshwm nyob rau hauv lub qhov ncauj, zoo li zaub paj. Tus kab mob no tuaj yeem nyob hauv lub caj pas thiab uaua rau hoarseness thiab ua tsis taus pa nyuaj. Hmoov tsis zoo, nws tsis tuaj yeem tshem tawm tag nrho ntawm tib neeg papillomavirus, kev kho mob tsuas yog txhawm rau tshem tawm cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob.
kab mob fungal
kab mob fungal ntawm qhov ncauj kab noj hniav muaj ntau heev. Ib nrab ntawm lub ntiaj teb cov pej xeem yog inactive Candida cab kuj. Nws yog qhib thaum lub cev tiv thaiv tsis muaj zog. Muaj ntau hom kab mob candidiasis (ib kab mob los ntawm Candida).
Tus kab mob tshwm sim nws tus kheej nrog qhov qhuav thiab xim dawb ntawm sab hauv ntawm lub puab tsaig thiab daim di ncauj, ntawm tus nplaig thiab palate. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus neeg mob hnov qhov kub hnyiab thiab tsis xis nyob heev. Cov menyuam yaus ua rau mob candidiasis hauv qhov ncauj yooj yim dua li cov neeg laus. Hom mob candidiasis feem ntau yog atrophic. Nrog rau qhov mob no, lub qhov ncauj mucosa yuav ci liab thiab qhuav heev. Hyperplastic candidiasis yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm cov tsos ntawm ib txheej tuab ntawm cov quav hniav, thaum koj sim tshem nws, qhov chaw pib los ntshav. Atrophic candidiasis nyob rau hauv lub qhov ncauj tshwm sim los ntawm lub sij hawm ntev hnav ntawm lamellar prostheses. Lub mucous daim nyias nyias ntawm palate, tus nplaig, ces kaum ntawm lub qhov ncauj dries thiab ua o. Kev kho mob ntawm qhov ncauj candidiasis suav nrog kev siv tshuaj tua kab mob xws li Nystatin, Levorin, Decamine, Amphoglucomin, Diflucan.
kab mob hniav thiab cov pos hniav
Kab mob hniav ntawm qhov ncauj muaj ntau haiv neeg. Xav txog cov kev kho hniav uas muaj ntau tshaj plaws.
Caries
Tus kab mob no, ntawm ib txoj kev lossis lwm qhovib tug txawv degree ntawm kev loj hlob, tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ntau tshaj 75% ntawm tag nrho cov pejxeem. Tsuas yog ib tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb tuaj yeem txiav txim siab qhov ua rau caries, vim tias muaj ntau yam sib txawv cuam tshuam rau kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob: tus neeg mob lub hnub nyoog, txoj kev ua neej, kev noj haus, tus cwj pwm, muaj kev sib txuam ntawm cov hniav thiab lwm yam kab mob.
Caries txhim kho vim:
- Qhov ncauj tsis huv. Cov neeg uas tsis ua raws li cov txheej txheem tu cev ntawm lub qhov ncauj tom qab noj mov, hauv 90% ntawm cov neeg mob, ntsib teeb meem ntawm caries. Nrog kev txhuam hniav tsis txaus lossis tsis tu ncua, cov quav hniav tsis tu ncua ntawm lawv qhov chaw, uas thaum kawg hloov mus rau hauv pob zeb thiab ua rau poob ntawm cov kab mob los ntawm cov enamel.
- Kev noj haus tsis zoo. Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev ua raws li kev noj zaub mov nruj nrog cov ntsiab lus tsawg ntawm microelements thiab cov protein, qhov tsis muaj cov khoom noj uas muaj calcium nyob rau hauv cov khoom noj txhua hnub, cov kua qaub zoo hloov pauv, qhov sib npaug ntawm microflora ntawm lub qhov ncauj kab noj hniav yog cuam tshuam thiab, raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm kev ua raws li kev noj zaub mov nruj nrog cov ntsiab lus tsawg ntawm microelements thiab cov proteins. tshwm sim, kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov nqaij tawv tawv ntawm cov hniav yuav pib.
- Enamel pathologies. Nrog kev txhim kho ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg tsis txaus, qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov kua qaub los ntawm cov qaub ncaug nkag mus rau hauv cov enamel, vim li ntawd, cov hniav tsis tuaj yeem tsim, tsim thiab ua haujlwm ib txwm.
Thaum kuaj lub qhov ncauj, tus kws kho hniav yuav xaiv txoj kev kho mob uas tsim nyog tshaj plaws. Yog hais tias cov caries nyob rau hauv lub stain theem, remineralization (rov qab los ntawm cov mineral) yuav txaus. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm tsim cariouskab noj hniav xav tau filling.
Periodontitis
Periodontitis yog ib qho kab mob inflammatory ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg nyob ib ncig ntawm cov hniav. Tus kab mob no yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev puas tsuaj zuj zus ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm cov hauv paus hniav thiab cov pob txha, kev nce hauv cov hniav thiab nws qhov poob tom qab. Periodontitis yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev kis kab mob uas nkag mus rau ntawm cov pos hniav thiab cov hniav, maj mam rhuav tshem kev sib txuas ntawm cov pob txha thiab cov hauv paus hniav. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, kev txav ntawm cov hniav hauv qhov chaw nce ntxiv, dhau sijhawm, kev sib txuas ntawm cov pob txha thiab cov hauv paus hniav tsis muaj zog.
Thaum pom tus kab mob no, nws yuav tsis yooj yim tshem tawm. Tab sis nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, qhov txaus ntshai yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm periodontitis. Tom qab tshem tawm cov kab mob, kev kho kom zoo ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg tshwm sim sai dua, thiab tsis yog ligaments uas tuav cov hniav hauv cov pob txha, uas tuaj yeem ua rau nws poob. Yog li ntawd, kev kho mob ntawm periodontitis tsis tsuas yog nyob rau hauv kev puas tsuaj ntawm tus kab mob, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv lub restoration ntawm cov pob txha cov ntaub so ntswg thiab ligaments uas tuav cov hniav nyob rau hauv cov pob txha.
Periodontosis
Tus kab mob no muaj tsawg heev thiab feem ntau yog cov neeg laus. Yuav ua li cas yog periodontal kab mob, yuav ua li cas kho xws li ib tug pathology? Kab mob Periodontal yog kab mob ntawm cov pos hniav uas tshwm sim los ntawm:
- los ntshav thiab o ntawm cov pos hniav, mob ntawm cov pos hniav;
- ntuav ntawm cov pos hniav;
- pas dej ntws los ntawm lub hnab ntim khoom;
- nthuav tawm ntawm cov hauv paus hniav thiab caj dab ntawm cov hniav;
- fan-shaped divergence of hniav;
- mobilityhniav.
Yog kab mob periodontal tau tsim, yuav kho li cas thiab siv txoj kev twg, tus kws kho hniav yuav qhia rau koj tom qab kuaj xyuas qhov ncauj. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tshem tawm cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub thiab cov quav hniav, uas yog qhov ua rau o ntawm cov pos hniav thiab kev puas tsuaj ntawm dentogingival txuas. Kev kho tshuaj muaj nyob rau hauv kev yaug qhov ncauj nrog kev npaj Chlorhexidine, thiab daim ntawv thov ntawm cov pos hniav nrog Cholisal-gel kuj tau ua.
Kev tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm qhov ncauj
- Kev huv yog lub hauv paus rau kev tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm qhov ncauj. Cov hniav yuav tsum txhuam tsis tsuas yog thaum sawv ntxov, tab sis kuj nyob rau yav tsaus ntuj, ua ntej yuav mus pw, siv cov tshuaj txhuam hniav zoo thiab cov txhuam hniav zoo, nws tseem pom zoo kom siv cov tshuaj txhuam hniav ib hnub ib zaug.
- Kev noj zaub mov kom zoo thiab ua neej nyob zoo. Txhawm rau kom cov hniav noj qab nyob zoo, tsis txhob noj zaub mov kub lossis txias heev. Nws raug nquahu kom suav nrog cov khoom noj uas muaj calcium thiab phosphorus hauv cov khoom noj txhua hnub: ntses, khoom noj siv mis, tshuaj yej ntsuab. Cov plaque daj-xim av ntawm cov hniav yog qhov tsis pom kev, yog li ntawd, tus cwj pwm phem xws li kev haus luam yeeb yuav tsum tau tso tseg tag nrho.
- mus ntsib kws kho hniav tsis tu ncua. Cov kev ntsuas saum toj no tseem ceeb heev rau kev saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov hniav. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tsis txaus. Nws yog ib qho nyuaj heev rau nws tus kheej kom paub txog kev txhim kho cov txheej txheem pathological, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau theem pib. Yog li ntawd, yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas nrog kws kho hniav tsis tu ncua - ib zaug txhua rau lub hlis.
Txhua yam kab mob ntawm qhov ncauj hauv cov neeg laus yeej ib txwm tsis zoo siab, tab sis, hmoov tsis, lawv tshwm sim ntau zaus. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob, ua raws li cov cai tiv thaiv saum toj no, thiab yog tias muaj kab mob tshwm sim, siv cov kev ntsuas tsim nyog.
