Ib tug qog nqaij hlav ntawm lub plab yog ib qho neoplasm uas tsis pom muaj kev nyiam ua phem. Thaum tsis muaj kev kho mob, qhov tshwm sim ntawm qog degeneration nce. Ib tug benign qog ntawm lub plab tshwm sim nyob rau hauv tsib feem pua ntawm cov neeg mob ntawm tag nrho cov oncological pathologies ntawm lub plab hnyuv ib ntsuj av. Cov qog tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm epithelial, paj hlwb, rog, lossis vascular hlwb. Kev loj hlob ntawm neoplasm hauv plab tuaj yeem tshwm sim sai lossis qeeb.
Nyob ntawm qhov kev taw qhia ntawm lawv txoj kev loj hlob, cov qog nqaij hlav txawv txav mus rau hauv lub plab lumen thiab plab hnyuv, nrog rau cov uas loj hlob hauv cov phab ntsa ntawm lub plab tsis dhau mus. Nrog tib zaus, neoplasms tshwm sim hauv ntau qhov chaw ntawm lub plab,suav nrog lub antrum, lub cev nqaij daim tawv nws tus kheej, lossis lwm qhov.
Nyob hauv qab no, xav txog kev faib cov qog nqaij hlav hauv plab.
Kev faib tawm thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov qog
Nyob ntawm keeb kwm, tag nrho cov qog nqaij hlav hauv plab tau muab faib ua ob pawg: tsis yog epithelial thiab epithelial. Ntau yam tom kawg tau muab faib, tig mus rau hauv polyps thiab adenomas, uas tuaj yeem ua ib leeg lossis ntau yam. Qhov sib txawv ntawm ob hom qog no yog tias polyps yog outgrowths nyob rau hauv lub plab lumen, muaj ib tug puag ncig thiab ib tug dav puag, thiab feem ntau yog nyob rau ntawm ib tug stalk. Feem ntau ua rau polyps yog kev hloov pauv ntawm hnub nyoog. Pathology feem ntau cuam tshuam rau cov txiv neej hnub nyoog tshaj 40 xyoo. Los ntawm qhov pom ntawm histology, polyp yog cov ntaub so ntswg overgrown ntawm cov qog thiab epithelium, txuas nrog lub vascular network.
Adenomas
Adenomas yog qhov tseeb neoplasms ntawm qhov xwm txheej zoo, uas feem ntau muaj cov qog nqaij hlav. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm adenoma thiab polyp yog qhov qub uas muaj feem yuav degenerate mus rau hauv cov qog nqaij hlav malignant. Txawm li cas los xij, adenomas muaj tsawg dua li polyps.
Non-epithelial benign qog ntawm lub plab kuj tsis tshua muaj. Lawv tsim tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub plab phab ntsa ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm ntau yam ntaub so ntswg.
ntau yam tseem ceeb
hom loj ntawm cov qog tsis yog epithelial yog:
- Fibroids tsimlos ntawm cov leeg nqaij.
- Neurinomas, tsim los ntawm cov hlwb uas nkag mus rau myelin sheath ntawm paj hlwb.
- Fibromas tshwm sim los ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg rog.
- Lymphangiomas, thaum cov qog hlwb tshwm sim los ntawm cov phab ntsa ntawm cov qog ntshav.
- Hemangiomas originating los ntawm cov hlwb pom nyob rau hauv lymphatic thiab cov hlab ntsha.
- sib xyaw ua ke ntawm non-epithelial neoplasms.
Yog tias cov tsos mob ntawm polyps yog tshwm sim hauv cov txiv neej, ces cov qog tsis yog epithelial yog ntau dua rau cov poj niam. Tag nrho cov neoplasms ntawm hom no muaj ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb, nrog rau meej contours, ib tug du nto thiab ib puag ncig zoo. Kev loj hlob ntawm neoplasm hauv plab tuaj yeem tshwm sim rau qhov loj me me.
Leiomyoma
Ib hom neoplasm ntawm hom tsis yog epithelial, hu ua leiomyoma, yog qhov txawv rau hauv ib hom. Hom qog no muaj ntau dua li lwm cov qog uas zoo sib xws. Leiomyoma tuaj yeem ua rau los ntshav hauv lub plab, nrog rau ua rau mob plab vim cov qog loj hlob mus rau hauv daim nyias nyias. Txhua hom qog nqaij hlav uas tsis yog epithelial feem ntau yuav hloov mus rau cov qog nqaij hlav, uas yog, lawv pom muaj kev nyiam rau malignancy.
Nyob zoo ib tsoom niam txiv kwv tij neej tsas sawv daws
Raws li txoj cai, cov tsos mob ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav hauv plab tsis tau hais. Yog hais tias tsis muaj kev loj hlob ntawm neoplasm, ces nws lub xub ntiag tsis tshwm sim nyob rau hauv txhua txoj kev rau ib tug neeg. Feem ntau, cov qog nqaij hlav benign raug kuaj pom los ntawm cov cim qhia tsis ncaj.los yog kuaj pom qhov teeb meem thaum lub sij hawm endoscopy.
Yuav ua li cas thiaj txiav txim siab seb cov qog hauv plab puas zoo lossis phem? Qhov txawv ntawm thawj thiab thib ob yog qhov kev loj hlob qeeb.
Daim duab kho mob ntawm kev loj hlob qog muaj xws li cov yam ntxwv hauv qab no:
- Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob gastritis, uas, txawm li cas los xij, tsis muaj laj thawj los ua qhov kev kuaj mob no.
- Hemorrhage hauv plab cheeb tsam.
- Nplej, tsis qab los noj mov, yuag sai sai thiab lwm yam kab mob, uas feem ntau tshwm sim los ntawm cov kab mob ntawm lub plab zom mov.
- Dyspeptic manifestations.
- Anemia vim nquag tshwm sim ntawm hemorrhagic syndrome.
Tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm kev mob siab rau ntawm cov txheej txheem pathological, qhov mob ntawm qhov ua npub lossis mob hnyav tuaj yeem tshwm sim, uas feem ntau nyob hauv thaj tsam epigastric. Feem ntau, mob tshwm sim tom qab noj mov. Cov neeg mob dhau mus koom nrog cov kev tshwm sim no nrog gastritis.
rau qhov ntau thiab tsawg
Thaum cov qog nce mus txog qhov loj, cov tsos mob yuav tshwm sim. Tus neeg mob hnov mob hnyav hauv plab, bouts ntawm xeev siab, thiab tseem nquag belching. Hauv cov quav thiab ntuav, cov ntshav impurities tuaj yeem kuaj pom. Cov kev sim kuaj pom qhov txo qis hauv hemoglobin qib. Cov neeg mobyws ntawm kiv taub hau thiab tsis muaj zog. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev poob phaus yog pom txawm tias muaj kev noj qab haus huv zoo.
Ntau tshaj li ib puas ntau yam ntawm benign neoplasms yog qhov txawv. Lawv cov chav kawm thiab cov tsos mob tshwm sim tuaj yeem sib txawv heev. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, qhov kev siv ntawm manifestation ntawm cov tsos mob nyob ntawm seb qhov luaj li cas thiab tus nqi ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lub qog, raws li zoo raws li nyob rau hauv nws localization. Los ntshav yog suav hais tias yog ib qho cim ntawm ib qho neoplasm, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias nws tau nrog kev cuam tshuam hauv plab hnyuv.
Ua rau thiab pheej hmoo
Cov tshuaj niaj hnub tsis tuaj yeem muab cov lus teb tsis meej rau cov lus nug ntawm qhov ua rau tsim cov qog nqaij hlav hauv plab. Yog li ntawd, nws yog qhov tseeb dua los xav txog qhov teeb meem no los ntawm qhov kev pom ntawm cov yam ntxwv uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj cov txheej txheem pathological thiab ua rau cov tsos ntawm neoplasm. Ntawm cov xwm txheej no, muaj cov teeb meem sib txuam nrog cov kab mob ntawm lub plab zom mov nyob hauv qhov chaw tseem ceeb.
Cov kws kho mob niaj hnub ua raws li cov qauv uas polyps tshwm sim tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm cov txheej txheem cuam tshuam ntawm kev tsim tawm ntawm lub plab mucosa. Yog li ntawd, cov tsos mob ntawm polyps feem ntau nrog gastritis. Adenomas feem ntau tshwm sim tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm atrophic type gastritis. Ntxiv mus, nyob rau hauv feem ntau, neoplasms nyob rau hauv lub qis ntawm lub plab nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam uas qhov qis tshaj concentration ntawm hydrochloric acid yog pom.
Ntxiv rau, qhov ua tau tshwm sim ntawm qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm epithelial tej zaum yuav ua txhaum txoj kev loj hlob ntawm tus menyuam hauv plab, nrog raulub xub ntiag ntawm pathologies nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntev ntawm cov chav kawm. Vim tias tsis muaj cov laj thawj tshwj xeeb ntawm cov tsos mob ntawm cov qog, nws tsis tuaj yeem ua ib qho kev tiv thaiv zoo rau cov kab mob no. Tsis txhob hnov qab txog cov caj ces. Yog hais tias neoplasms nyob rau hauv lub plab tau kuaj pom nyob rau hauv tus neeg mob cov txheeb ze, ces nws cia li poob mus rau hauv lub high-kev pheej hmoo cheeb tsam. Cov neeg mob zoo li no raug pom zoo kom kuaj xyuas endoscopic tsis tu ncua txhawm rau tshawb pom cov qog. Nws ua rau kev txiav txim siab hu rau tus kws phais mob ntawm qhov tsis txaus ntseeg me ntsis ntawm qhov pom ntawm polyp lossis lwm yam tsim hauv plab.
Nyob rau hauv cov qog nqaij hlav hauv plab, cov txheej txheem niaj hnub ntawm kev kuaj hluav taws xob pab txheeb xyuas nws thaum ntxov.
ntsuas ntsuas
Kev kuaj mob ntawm "mob plab" yog ua raws li cov txiaj ntsig ntawm peb theem ntawm kev kawm:
- Sau cov keeb kwm tus neeg mob kom ntxaws.
- kuaj lub cev.
- X-ray thiab endoscopic kuaj.
Radial kuaj mob qog nqaij hlav hauv plab tam sim no nrov heev.
Ntxiv rau, tus neeg mob yuav tsum pub ntshav rau kev kuaj hemoglobin, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias muaj cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob ntshav qab zib. Qhov no pathology yog yam ntxwv ntawm neoplasms uas provoke kev loj hlob ntawm hemorrhagic syndrome. Lub benignity ntawm cov qog yog kuaj nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm cov yam ntxwv nta nram qab no: qhov loj thiab cov duab ntawm lub tsim, muaj peristalsis. Fuzzy contours ntawm cov qog, kev loj hlob sai thiab tsis muajperistalsis qhia cov txheej txheem ntawm degeneration ntawm neoplasm rau hauv ib qho malignant.
Yuav kom paub meej qhov kev kuaj mob, nws yuav tsum tau ua esophagogastroduodenoscopy. Nws yog qhov kev tshawb fawb no uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm txheeb xyuas qhov mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab tau txais cov duab meej ntawm cov qog, muab lub tswv yim ntawm nws qhov loj thiab qhov chaw. Tsis tas li ntawd, txoj kev tshawb no tso cai rau peb txheeb xyuas qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov qog degeneration. Visually, nws yuav luag tsis yooj yim sua kom paub qhov txawv ntawm ib tug benign qog los ntawm ib tug malignant; qhov no yuav tsum tau ib tug biopsy.
Lwm txoj kev tshawb fawb tseem ceeb hauv kev kuaj mob qog noj ntshav yog hu ua fibrogastroduodenoscopy. Rau qhov no, cov khoom raug coj mus kuaj histological hauv chav kuaj. Vim muaj qhov tseeb tias neoplasms ntawm hom tsis-epithelial muaj ntau yam, qhov kev kuaj mob zaum kawg hauv qee kis yog ua tom qab kev phais. Tsis yog-epithelial formations raug kuaj pom siv tib txoj kev tshawb fawb.
Radiation semiotics ntawm benign thiab malignant qog ntawm lub plab yog tam sim no nqa tawm nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov loj diagnostic chaw.
Kev kho mob
Kev kho mob ntawm lub plab benign tsuas yog ua los ntawm kev phais xwb. Conservative therapy tsis muab qhov txiaj ntsig zoo. Yog tias cov neoplasm me me thiab qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm nws qhov degeneration tsawg, cov kws kho mob nyiam xaiv cov kev xav tau. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv feem ntau covphais tshem tawm cov qog. Cov thev naus laus zis niaj hnub ua rau cov haujlwm zoo li no muaj kev nyab xeeb rau kev noj qab haus huv thiab lub neej ntawm tus neeg mob. Kev tshem tawm thaum ntxov yog ua tiav yog tias qhov xwm txheej ntawm cov qog tsis tuaj yeem txiav txim siab los ntawm cov txheej txheem kuaj mob tau piav qhia saum toj no. Yog tias muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm malignancy ntawm neoplasm, kev ua haujlwm tau ua tam sim tom qab kuaj pom cov qog.
txoj kev phais
Cov kws tshaj lij siv ntau txoj hauv kev ntawm kev tshem tawm cov qog nqaij hlav zoo:
- Electroexcision ntawm hom endoscopic. Cov txheej txheem yog kev ua haujlwm tsawg kawg nkaus, uas yog ua los ntawm electrocoagulation los ntawm kev tsim kev nkag mus rau cov qog los ntawm endoscope. Txoj kev no tsim nyog rau kev tshem tawm polyps.
- Txoj kev tsim txom. Nws ua rau nws muaj peev xwm txo cov ntshav poob mus rau qhov tsawg kawg nkaus. Kev ua haujlwm yog ua los ntawm laparoscope lossis endoscope, nyob ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov qog.
- Kev kho lub plab los ntawm txoj kev laparoscopic. Kev khiav hauj lwm yog ua los ntawm punctures nyob rau hauv lub anterior phab ntsa ntawm lub peritoneum thiab ib tug incision. Thaum phais, ib feem ntawm lub plab raug tshem tawm, thiab lub plab zom mov, cuam tshuam los ntawm kev phais, rov qab los nrog kev phais.
- Gastrectomy. Koom nrog kev tshem tawm tag nrho ntawm lub cev. Nrog benign neoplasms, txoj kev no yog xyaum tsis siv.
YEndoscopic phais
Yog tias pom polyps thaum lub sijhawm kuaj mob thiab nyob ib leeg, kev phais endoscopic raug tshuaj. Nrog me me ntawm polypcoagulation tshwm sim. Yog hais tias lub qog loj ncav cuag ntau tshaj 5 hli, electroexcision yog siv thaum lub polyp yog nruj nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam ntawm lub qia thiab tshem tawm nrog ib tug electrocoagulator. Cov polyps loj dua raug tshem tawm los ntawm submucosal resection siv lub endoscope.
Huab cua
Kev kuaj mob rau cov kab mob plab benign yog qhov zoo. Txawm li cas los xij, kev rov ua dua ntawm cov txheej txheem pathological tsis suav nrog. Cov neeg mob tom qab ua haujlwm tau sau npe hauv oncology dispensary rau lub neej.
Kev nyuaj siab
Cov teeb meem uas yuav tshwm sim tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm neoplasm hauv plab suav nrog:
- Degeneration ntawm cov qog mus rau ib tug malignant.
- qog perforation, thaum lub qhov tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub plab phab ntsa thiab tom qab peritonitis.
- plab stenosis.
- Qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov txhab ntawm qhov chaw ntawm neoplasm.
- YHemorrhagic Syndrome.
- Kev ua txhaum ntawm cov polyp, thaum tsim poob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm duodenum thiab raug cuam tshuam rau thaj tsam ntawm pylorus.
Lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv kev kho kom zoo ntawm neoplasm yog kev kuaj mob raws sijhawm.
Peb paub tias puas tuaj yeem muaj qog nqaij hlav hauv plab thiab yuav kho li cas.
