Nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm, peb yuav xav txog qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov tshuaj statins.
Lawv koom nrog pab pawg tshuaj, cov txiaj ntsig uas yog tsom txo qis cov roj cholesterol. Lawv yog siv rau kev kho mob, thiab, ntxiv rau, rau kev tiv thaiv ntawm atherosclerosis, uas yog ib tug txaus ntshai vascular kab mob thiab yog lub ntsiab culprit nyob rau hauv kev ua txhaum ntawm cov ntshav muab rau cov ntaub so ntswg thiab lub cev.
Dab tsi yog qhov cuam tshuam ntawm statins ntawm cov quav hniav? Lawv inhibit zus tau tej cov mevalonate - qhov no yog ib yam khoom uas koom nyob rau hauv zus tau tej cov cholesterol. Ua tsaug rau cov tshuaj, qhov xwm txheej ntawm cov phab ntsa vascular sab hauv thaum pib ntawm kev txhim kho atherosclerosis zoo dua, cov ntshav thins, thiab, ntxiv rau, qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov ntshav txhaws hauv cov hlab ntsha yog txo qis.
Ua ntej koj pib noj, koj yuav tsum xav txog cov kev mob tshwm sim ntawm statins ntawm tib neeg lub cev.
Qhov no yog dab tsi?
Statins tuaj yeem thaiv kev ua haujlwmIb qho enzyme tshwj xeeb hauv daim siab uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tsim cov roj cholesterol.
Txawm tias muaj cov roj (cholesterol) xav tau rau kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov hlwb thiab lub cev, nws cov qib siab heev tuaj yeem ua rau atherosclerosis, ib qho mob uas cov quav hniav tsim hauv cov hlab ntsha, thaiv cov ntshav ntws. Los ntawm kev txo qis cov roj cholesterol, statins txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm mob hauv siab, mob plawv, thiab mob stroke.
Muaj ntau yam statins, xws li Atorvastatin nrog rau Cerivastatin, Fluvastatin, Lovastatin, Mevastatin, Pitavastatin, Pravastatin, Rosuvastatin thiab Simvastatin. Kev npaj "Atorvastatin" nrog "Rozuvastatin" yog qhov muaj zog tshaj plaws. Tab sis "Fluvastatin", ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, suav tias tsis zoo tshaj plaws.
New Generation Statins
Tam sim no statins, uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev tawm tsam cov roj (cholesterol) phem, suav nrog Atorvastatin nrog rau Rosuvastatin, Simvastatin, Lovastatin thiab lwm yam. Kuj tseem muaj cov tshuaj statin, uas tau muab rho tawm los ntawm cov nplej liab - qhov no yog monacolin. Statins muaj kev xaiv zoo hauv kev tswj hwm kev tsim cov mevalonate. Raws li txoj cai, cov roj cholesterol tau muab faib ua ob hom:
- Zoo, i.e. high density lipoproteins.
- phem, yam ntxwv los ntawm cov lipoproteins tsawg ntom ntom.
Yuav ua li cas yog lub tswv yim ntawm kev ua ntawm statins?
Lawv txo cov qib ntawm cov roj (cholesterol) phem tiag tiag, thaum nce qib ntawm cov roj (cholesterol) phem, yam tsis muaj qhov yooj yim ua tsis tau raws li cov txiaj ntsig zoo.ua haujlwm hauv tib neeg lub cev.
Hauv ntiaj teb niaj hnub no, statins yog cov tshuaj tseem ceeb uas txo cov roj cholesterol. Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev kho mob, raws li txoj cai, tau pom nyob rau hauv lub hlis thib ob ntawm kev siv cov ntsiav tshuaj thiab tau tshwm sim hauv kev nthuav dav ntawm cov hlab ntsha, thiab, ntxiv rau, nce ntshav ntws mus rau lub plawv cov leeg, txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov ntshav. clots, restores lub plawv dhia thiab tswj atherosclerotic plaques nyob rau hauv ib tug ruaj khov lub xeev. Muaj tseeb, cov kev mob tshwm sim ntawm statins ntawm tib neeg lub cev tsis suav nrog.
Kev sib sau thiab hom kev tso tawm
Statins yog tsim thiab tso tawm hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov ntsiav tshuaj coated. Lawv yog npaj rau kev siv qhov ncauj. Cov khoom xyaw nquag yog statin. Nyob rau hauv lub luag hauj lwm ntawm auxiliary cov khoom xyaw, raws li txoj cai, lactose yog siv nrog starch, microcrystalline cellulose, magnesium hydrosilicate, stearic acid, thiab hais txog. Tom ntej no, cia peb tham txog cov lus qhia thiab nrhiav seb thaum twg statins tsim nyog rau kev siv.
Cov lus qhia rau kev siv
statins raug tshuaj rau cov neeg mob yog tias lawv muaj cov kab mob hauv qab no:
- Nyob rau hauv atherosclerosis.
- Vim mob ntshav qab zib. Qhov no suav hais tias yog qhov ua rau mob plawv thiab vascular.
- Yog koj muaj mob plawv.
- Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm cov txheej txheem los tsim cov ntshav txhaws, thaum muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm lub plawv nres siab.
- Thaum cov neeg mob muaj ACS, uas yog, mob hlab ntsha tawg.
- Thaum muaj myocardial infarction (tsis hais seb nws yog thawj lossis theem nrab).
- Ntawm keeb kwm ntawm lub plawv ischemia (uas yog, thaum muaj kev pheej hmoo siab mob plawv lossis mob stroke).
- Rau cov roj cholesterol siab hauv cov tub ntxhais hluas thiab cov neeg laus.
- Kev phais plawv thiab rog.
Siv cov tshuaj no nrog ceev faj rau cov poj niam uas muaj hnub nyoog yug me nyuam.
Contraindications thiab phiv ntawm statins yuav tsum raug coj mus rau hauv tus account thaum muab tshuaj.
YContraindications
Lub ntsiab contraindications rau kev siv statin suav nrog:
- mob siab rau cov neeg mob.
- Tshuaj mob hauv lub raum.
- Thaum muaj kev tsis haum tshuaj tom qab cov kev kawm dhau los ntawm cov tshuaj.
- Nyob rau me nyuam thiab lactation.
- Thaum muaj hnub nyoog me nyuam hauv cov poj niam yog tias tsis siv tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob.
- Yog tias muaj qhov tsis txaus siab rau cov tshuaj thiab nws cov khoom xyaw.
Tam sim ua ntej siv cov tshuaj, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tsis txhob siv cov tshuaj tua kab mob, thiab, ntxiv rau, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, nrog rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab cov ntshav thinners, vim tias nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, kev txhim kho ntawm qhov tsis zoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm. ntawm ob lub raum thiab lub siab yog qhov zoo heev. Nws yog ib nqi sau cia hais tias statins yog nruj me ntsis contraindicated thaum cev xeeb tub thiab lactation.
Yuav siv li cas
Statins feem ntau yog noj hauv qhov ncauj thiab tsuas yog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv tshuaj. Cov tshuaj no, los ntawm lawv qhov kev ua, yuav tsum txo qis cov roj cholesterol los ntawm rau caum feem pua. Tus nqi ntawm cov roj cholesterol uas tsis muaj teeb meem yog txo los ntawm peb caug feem pua.
Cov koob tshuaj rau statins feem ntau yog 10, 40, lossis 80 milligrams ib hnub. Tab sis tib lub sijhawm, qhov ntau npaum li cas ntawm 80 milligrams yog qhov siab tshaj plaws. Tsuas yog tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem txiav txim siab txog qhov yuav tsum tau noj npaum li cas raws li qhov xwm txheej thiab kev noj qab haus huv ntawm tus neeg mob. Qhov pom zoo pib koob tshuaj yog 10 lossis 20 milligrams ib hnub ib zaug. Nws raug nquahu kom noj nws thaum yav tsaus ntuj, uas yog, thaum lub synthesis ntawm cov roj cholesterol hauv lub cev tau qhib kom ntau li ntau tau.
Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kev mob tshwm sim ntawm statins yuav raug txo qis.
Ntau tshaj
Nrog rau qhov kev tso cai ntawm cov tshuaj zoo li no, ib tus neeg tuaj yeem tsim qhov mob hnyav heev hu ua rhabdomyolism, uas yog, kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov leeg nqaij. Ntawm lwm yam, kev ua txhaum loj hauv daim siab tsis raug txiav tawm. Nyob rau hauv cov kev tshwm sim ntawm ib tug overdose nyob rau hauv tus neeg mob, nws raug nquahu kom siv cov kev ntsuas rau tam sim ntawd gastric lavage, thiab, ntxiv rau, noj absorbents thiab ua cov tsos mob yog tias tsim nyog.
statins thiab phiv
Thaum siv cov tshuaj statins, cov neeg mob tuaj yeem tsim ntau yam teeb meem tshwm sim hauv daim ntawv xeev siab, asthenia, pw tsaug zog cuam tshuam, quav quav, mob plab, kiv taub hau, nco tsis zoo, loog, tawm hws ntau dhau thiab hnov lus tsis zoo. Ntawm lwm yam, qhov kev lees txais ntawm xws liCov tshuaj tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kab mob siab, mob pancreatitis, qaug dab peg, mob caj dab, khaus, tawv nqaij ua pob thiab Lyell's syndrome. Nws kuj tseem ua tau rau kev txhim kho ntshav qab zib, impotence, o thiab rog.
Txawm hais tias tib neeg feem ntau tsuas muaj kev phiv me me ntawm statins ntawm lub cev, qee zaum qee zaum mob taub hau hnyav, nrog rau tingling, plab tsis xis nyob, raws plab, flatulence, xeev siab, nrog rau cov pob liab liab. Tsis tshua muaj heev, cov neeg mob tuaj yeem tsim cov leeg mob hnyav.
Tab sis muaj ob qhov kev mob tshwm sim loj tshaj plaws ntawm statins uas tsis tshua muaj. Peb tab tom tham txog daim siab tsis ua haujlwm thiab kev puas tsuaj rau cov leeg pob txha. Xws li cov leeg nqaij puas yog ib yam mob hnyav heev ntawm myopathy, nws yog hu ua, raws li tau hais ua ntej, rhabdomyolysis. Cov kab mob no hauv tib neeg feem ntau pib nrog mob nqaij thiab yuav hnyav zuj zus mus txog thaum tus neeg mob tsim lub raum tsis ua haujlwm, tom qab ntawd kev tuag tshwm sim. Qhov mob no feem ntau tshwm sim thaum siv statins nrog rau lwm cov tshuaj uas muaj kev pheej hmoo siab ntawm rhabdomyolysis lossis lwm yam tshuaj uas ua rau cov ntshav statin nce ntxiv.
Nyob rau lub siab
Cov neeg mob lub siab ua haujlwm yuav tsum tsis txhob siv statins. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv uas tus kab mob siab tseem tab tom tsim, ces noj cov tshuaj no yuav tsum tau nres yam tsis poob. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov poj niam uas pub niam mis thiab nqa me nyuam los yog cov poj niam uasleej twg tab tom cev xeeb tub yuav tsum tsis txhob siv rau kev kho mob. Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm statins ntawm daim siab yog kev puas tsuaj.
Feem ntau, cov neeg mob noj tshuaj ntawm pab pawg no tsis pom zoo kom muab lawv nrog ntau yam tshuaj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv protease (cov no tau muab tshuaj ua ib feem ntawm kev kho mob AIDS), Erythromycin, Itraconazole, Clarithromycin, Diltiazem, " Verapamil" lossis fibrates, uas txo qis cov roj cholesterol zoo. Cov kev sib xyaw ua ke no ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj rau daim siab mob siab heev.
Cov neeg noj cov tshuaj statins kuj tseem yuav tsum zam cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab txiv kab ntxwv qaub vim tias muaj kev phom sij txaus ntshai ntawm qhov kev cuam tshuam no.
Storage condition
Txhua statins yuav tsum xub muab khaws cia deb ntawm cov menyuam yaus, ntawm qhov kub ntawm nees nkaum mus rau peb caug degrees. Raws li kev cia khoom kom raug, cov tshuaj no muaj lub neej txee ntawm ob xyoos txij li hnub tsim khoom.
Cov tshuaj statin twg muaj kev phiv tsawg dua?
Xa mus rau ntau yam kev tshawb fawb, cov kws tshawb fawb tau pom cov lus teb rau lo lus nug ntawm qhov twg statins muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab siv tau zoo tshaj plaws. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, cov kws tshaj lij qhia txog cov tshuaj kho mob hu ua Atorvastatin. Qhov no yog tej zaum cov tshuaj siv ntau tshaj plaws, thiab tib lub sijhawm uas qhia cov txiaj ntsig kev tshawb fawb zoo tshaj plaws.
Rozuvastatin yog siv me ntsis tsawg dua, uas tseem suav tias yog ib qho ntawm cov statins zoo tshaj plaws. Hauv qhov thib peb ntawm kev nyab xeeb, cov kws tshaj lij tau muab cov tshuaj "Simvastatin", uas kuj tseem txhim khu kev qha.ib qho tshuaj uas ua rau cov kev mob tshwm sim me me hauv cov neeg mob, tab sis muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo rau cov hlab ntsha. Statins yuav tsum tau muab los ntawm kws kho mob.
Atorvastatin
Yog li, cov tshuaj "Atorvastatin" yog nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm daim ntawv teev npe tshuaj nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm cov teeb meem nyob rau hauv lub plawv thiab vascular system, raws li zoo raws li tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm cov cholesterol nyob rau hauv cov ntshav. Nws txoj kev ua tau zoo, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, tau lees paub los ntawm cov txiaj ntsig siab ntawm ntau cov kev tshawb fawb soj ntsuam uas tau ua rau cov ncauj lus ntawm ntau pawg hnub nyoog, thiab, ntxiv rau, rau cov neeg mob uas muaj ntau yam pathologies ntawm lub plawv thiab vascular system.
Variability nyob rau hauv ntau npaum li cas ntawm cov tshuaj no, raws li txoj cai, los ntawm 40 mus rau 80 milligrams, uas ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb siv thiab hloov kho, nyob ntawm seb qhov hnyav ntawm pathology. Cov nyhuv ntawm statins ntawm lub cev yog qhov tshwj xeeb.
Raws li kev sim uas tau ua, Atorvastatin tuaj yeem txo txoj hauv kev mob stroke txog li tsib caug feem pua.
Rozuvastatin
Cov tshuaj Rosuvastatin yog cov tshuaj tsim los ntawm cov tshuaj statins. Nws muaj cov lus tshaj tawm hydrophilicity, vim tias nws cov txiaj ntsig tsis zoo ntawm daim siab txo qis, thiab, ntxiv rau, qhov ua tau zoo ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev tsim cov lipoproteins tsawg ntom ntom, uas yog qhov txuas tseem ceeb hauv kev sib txuas ntawm cov cholesterol, nce. Cov tshuaj "Rosuvastatin", raws li txoj cai, tsis ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam rau cov leeg nqaij, uas yog, nws tuaj yeem siv yam tsis muaj kev txhawj xeeb txog qhov tshwm sim ntawm myopathy thiabmob leeg.
Kev siv ntau npaum li cas ntawm 40 milligrams txo qis cov roj (cholesterol) phem mus txog plaub caug feem pua, uas txo qis kev pheej hmoo ntawm atherosclerosis. Nws yog tsim nyog sau cia tias cov tshuaj "Rozuvastatin" yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws piv rau lwm yam tshuaj. Piv txwv li, kev siv tshuaj ntawm 40 milligrams ua rau muaj zog dua li kev noj 80 milligrams ntawm Atorvastatin. Thiab ib koob tshuaj 20 milligrams txo cov roj (cholesterol) phem, xws li thaum siv 80 milligrams ntawm tib Atorvastatin.
Cov txiaj ntsig zoo, raws li txoj cai, tshwm sim nyob rau thawj lub lim tiam ntawm kev thov. Txog rau thaum pib ntawm lub lim tiam thib ob, nws tuaj yeem yog cuaj caum-tsib feem pua, thiab nyob rau thib plaub nws tuaj yeem ncav cuag qhov siab tshaj plaws thiab khaws cia nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm kev kho tsis tu ncua.
Tshuaj "Simvastatin"
Raws li kev tshawb fawb, kev noj cov tshuaj no rau tsib xyoos txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov kab mob plawv thiab cov hlab ntsha hauv lub sijhawm tom qab mob plab los ntawm kaum feem pua. Thiab, ntxiv rau, qhov feem pua zoo sib xws tau sau tseg rau cov neeg mob plawv thiab vascular pathologies, ntshav qab zib thiab cov neeg mob stroke.
Nws tau rov ua pov thawj tias nyob rau hauv ob xyoos ntawm kev noj, qhov sib piv ntawm lipoproteins, uas yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev sib txuas thiab siv cov roj cholesterol, yog qhov ua tau zoo dua, thiab kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov ntshav txhaws hauv cov hlab ntsha yog. txo.
Txhua tus xav khaws statins yam tsis muaj kev phiv rau cov neeg laus.
BFeem ntau, nws yuav tsum tau hais tias statins muaj kev nyab xeeb heev hauv lawv txoj kev siv. Tau kawg, muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev phiv, tab sis lawv tsawg heev. Txhua yam ncaj qha nyob ntawm kev ceev faj, thiab, ntxiv rau, ntawm kev nco qab ntawm tus neeg mob. Raws li ib feem ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm tus kheej tus yam ntxwv ntawm cov neeg mob, lawv cov ntaub ntawv hnub nyoog thiab keeb kwm, nws yeej ib txwm muaj peev xwm los txiav txim siab qhov twg statin yuav tsum tau muab cov txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws.
Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm statins yog dab tsi rau cov neeg laus?
Statins yog cov tshuaj uas txo cov kev pheej hmoo ntawm lub plawv nres thiab mob stroke, vim lawv inhibit qhov kev loj hlob ntawm atherosclerosis hauv cov neeg mob. Lawv kuj nce kev ruaj ntseg ntawm atherosclerotic plaques. Qhov tseeb yog tias cov plaques ruaj khov dua, qhov tsawg dua yuav muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm lawv qhov tawg. Nyob rau hauv cov kev tshwm sim ntawm ib tug rupture ntawm atherosclerotic plaques, cov ntshav txhaws, uas tag nrho clog cov hlab ntsha. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau lub plawv nres lossis ischemic stroke. Statins txo cov kev pheej hmoo ntawm xws li kev txhim kho ntawm cov xwm txheej. Qhov no muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov neeg laus, vim tias lawv cov hlab ntsha feem ntau raug puas tsuaj los ntawm atherosclerosis.
Rau qhov nquag siv, thiab tib lub sijhawm nrov statins niaj hnub no suav nrog Rosuvastatin, nrog rau Crestor, Mertenil, Roxer thiab Rosucard. Ntau cov kev tshawb fawb tau tshawb fawb txog kev ua tau zoo ntawm statins rau cov neeg laus cov neeg mob uas raug kev txom nyem los ntawm ischemic plawv los yog muaj lub plawv nres. Kev noj cov tshuaj no txo qis kev pheej hmoo ntawm plawv nres thiab mob stroke hauv cov neeg laus, thiabtshem tawm qhov xav tau rau kev phais mob hlab ntsha tawg bypass phais thiab stenting.
Cov nyhuv ntawm statins rau tib neeg lub cev yog qhov zoo dua.
Cov neeg uas raug mob los ntawm ischemic yog, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, cov neeg mob uas muaj feem yuav mob plawv thiab vascular kab mob. Cov neeg uas tau mob plawv tuaj yeem rov qab los. Hauv qhov no, pawg neeg mob no yuav tsum noj cov tshuaj no, txawm tias muaj kev phiv los ntawm statins. Hauv cov neeg laus, kev pheej hmoo ntawm kab mob plawv thiab vascular nce, yog li cov tshuaj no yog cov tshuaj tseem ceeb dua. Tsis muaj lwm yam tshuaj tuaj yeem txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob plawv thawj zaug lossis mob stroke ib yam nkaus.
Yog li, peb tau txiav txim siab contraindications thiab kev phiv ntawm statins.
Statin tshuaj xyuas
Nyob hauv lub ntiaj teb niaj hnub no, statins tau ruaj khov rau lawv tus kheej ntawm cov khw muag tshuaj. Qhov kev thov siab rau cov tshuaj no yog vim muaj kev pheej hmoo siab ntawm cov neeg niaj hnub no rau cov kab mob xws li atherosclerosis. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov roj (cholesterol) siab tau pom hauv cov neeg tsis yog hauv cov hnub nyoog so haujlwm nkaus xwb, tab sis kuj tseem nyob hauv cov neeg mob hluas.
Hauv kev tshuaj xyuas, tib neeg hais tias vim muaj cov roj (cholesterol) siab, lawv raug yuam kom tsis tu ncua noj statins los tswj cov hlab ntsha thiab tiv thaiv atherosclerosis. Txawm hais tias muaj ntau yam kev mob tshwm sim uas statins tuaj yeem ua rau, cov kws kho mob txawm li cas los xij hais txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev noj lawv.
Raws li cov neeg mob hais hauv lawv cov kev tshuaj xyuas, feem ntau cov kws kho mob sim sau ntawv ntau npaum li sai tauKev nyab xeeb statins hauv daim ntawv ntawm Atorvastatin thiab Rosuvastatin. Nws tau tshaj tawm tias thaum noj cov tshuaj no, cov roj cholesterol tau khaws cia rau hauv qhov qub, thiab, ntxiv rau, cov neeg mob tsis muaj kev phiv loj heev. Kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm statins yuav tsum tau nyeem ua ntej.
Simvastatin qee zaum nyiam thiab cov neeg siv khoom lees tias nws muaj kev nyab xeeb tshaj plaws.
Kab lus piav qhia cov kev mob tshwm sim ntawm statins ntawm lub cev.
