Mycosis, lossis fungus ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab rau tes, yog ib yam kab mob uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau tib neeg ntawm txhua pab pawg hnub nyoog. Nws tsis tuaj yeem tsim kev tiv thaiv kab mob rau cov kab mob fungal, yog li mycoses tseem tuav txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm txhua qhov teeb meem ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Txog niaj hnub no, ntau dua 400 hom kab mob fungi uas txaus ntshai rau tib neeg tau paub. Lawv txawv los ntawm kev sib kis ntau ntxiv thiab muaj peev xwm ua kom muaj cov kab mob pathogenic rau lub cev ntev heev. Qhov chaw zoo tshaj plaws rau cov kab mob fungal yog qhov chaw noo thiab sov, uas ua rau cov neeg uas nquag da dej, saunas thiab da dej muaj kev pheej hmoo.
Ib yam ntawm mycoses yog lawv qhov kev tiv thaiv rau ntau yam kev kho mob thiab tshuaj, uas feem ntau ua rau kev txhim kho mycoses nyuaj, uas yuav tsum tau kho tshwj xeeb. Hauv qab no yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob pheej yig.
Tshuaj kho rau cov kab mob fungal
Tshuaj siv los kho cov kab mob fungal hu ua antimycotics. Qhov no yog ntau yam tshuaj uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev tawm tsam fungus. Ib txhia ntawm lawv yog tau los ntawm tej yam ntuj tso tebchaw, lwm tus neeg los ntawm kev ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv chemical laboratories. Tag nrho cov tshuaj rau cov fungus muab faib ua ob peb pawg nyob ntawm:
- cuam tshuam rau ntau hom kab mob fungi;
- pharmacological muaj pes tsawg leeg.
Txhua yam khoom muaj ntau tus contraindications thiab cov kev mob tshwm sim, yog li lub sijhawm teem sijhawm thiab sijhawm nkag mus yog txiav txim los ntawm kws kho mob dermatologist.
Thaum sau tshuaj pheej yig rau qhov ncauj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev hwm lub sijhawm thiab zaus ntawm kev tswj hwm, kom tsis txhob hla.
tshuaj ua haujlwm li cas?
Kev ua ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob yog ua raws li lawv cov khoom siv fungicidal - kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov kab mob fungal thiab ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam rau kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob microflora. Cov tshuaj antimycotic, thaum noj qhov ncauj, sai sai nkag mus rau hauv cov hlab ntsha thiab pib tawm tsam ntawm cov kab mob. Cov tshuaj nquag muaj nyob rau hauv lub xeev nquag tau ntev heev, thiab tom qab ntawd lawv raug tshem tawm lawm. Cov pab pawg sib txawv ntawm cov tshuaj sib txawv hauv lawv cov tshuaj pharmacological, uas yog vim muaj cov khoom xyaw ntawm lawv cov khoom xyaw:
- Ketoconazole-based ntsiav tshuaj uas inhibit qhov kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob fungal thiab ua haujlwm ntawm qib cellular.
- Terbinafine thiab itraconazole antimycosis tshuaj uas txwv tsis pub tsim cov ergosterol, uas tiv thaiv kev yug menyuam.kab mob.
- tshuaj Fluconazole uas rhuav tshem cov fungi.
- Cov tshuaj muaj griseofulvin, uas tiv thaiv kev faib thiab kev tsim tawm ntawm spores.
Tshuaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob rau ko taw yooj yim nrhiav, tsuas yog mus ntsib kws kho mob.
qeb nyiaj
Nyob ntawm cov tshuaj muaj nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg, ob peb pawg ntawm cov tshuaj antimycotic muaj qhov txawv. Lawv cov npe suav nrog:
- polyenes;
- alllamamines;
- azoles;
- echinocandins;
- Ypyrimidines.
YPolyenes
Cov tshuaj tua kab mob pheej yig ntawm pab pawg no cuam tshuam rau ntau tus kab mob fungi. Pab pawg polyene suav nrog cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv qab no:
- Levorin.
- Nystatin.
- YAmphotericin B.
- "Pimafucin" lossis "Nitamycin".
Y Siv polyenes, lawv tshem tawm cov kab mob candidiasis ntawm cov mucous daim nyias nyias ntawm lub larynx, genitals, epithelium, thiab kuj tawm tsam fungal pathologies ntawm lub plab.
"Nystatin" yog cov tshuaj pheej yig tshaj plaws ntawm pawg polyene. Nws muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev kho mob ntawm Candida fungi ntawm daim tawv nqaij, mucous daim nyias nyias thiab lub plab zom mov, kev loj hlob uas tshwm sim los ntawm kev siv tshuaj tua kab mob ntev lossis kev phais.
"Levorin" yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob niaj hnub, cov nyhuv ntawm qhov ntxiv rau cov fungi, kuj txuas mus rau amoeba, Trichomonas thiab Leishmania. Cov tshuaj no yog siv rau fungi ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab mucous daim nyias nyias.
"Pimafucin" yog tshuaj polyenepab pawg nrog kev ua ntawm cov poov xab fungi Fusarium, Candida, Penicillium, Cephalosporium. Cov npe ntawm cov kab mob uas cov tshuaj no tuaj yeem raug sau tseg: candidiasis ntawm lub plab zom mov, qhov chaw mos, atrophic candidiasis thaum noj tshuaj tua kab mob thiab tshuaj hormonal. Cov tshuaj tau tso cai txawm nyob rau hauv kev kho mob ntawm cov poj niam cev xeeb tub.
Azoles
Tus nqi pheej yig tshaj tshuaj tua kab mob hauv pawg no:
Ketoconazole Ketoconazole
Azoles yog cov tshuaj zoo tshaj plaws rau cov kab mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij, ntsia thawv phaj, siv tau rau qee hom lichen.
"Ketoconazole" yog ib yam tshuaj uas nws muaj active ingredient yog imidazoledioxolane. Cov tshuaj tau sau tseg rau hauv kev sib ntaus tawm tsam dermatophytes, poov xab zoo li thiab dimorphic fungi. Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntsiav tshuaj, cov tshuaj no yog muab rau folliculitis, mob ntev ntawm candidiasis, dermatophytosis, pityriasis versicolor. recurrent mycosis ntawm qhov chaw mos.
Dab tsi pheej yig tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob rau cov rau tes muaj nyob, nws yog qhov zoo dua los nrhiav ua ntej. Itraconazole yog cov tshuaj tua kab mob hluavtaws uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tiv thaiv ntau yam kab mob fungal. Nrog kev pab los ntawm cov tshuaj no, nws muaj peev xwm kov yeej cov kab mob: ringworm, versicolor, qhov chaw mos thiab vulvocandidiasis, mycosis ntawm cov ntsia hlau daim hlau, keratomycosis, cryptococcosis, blastomycosis, sporotrichosis, histaplasmosis. Nws yog txwv tsis pub noj tshuaj thaum cev xeeb tub thiab lactation.
Y "Fluconazole" -tshuaj tua kab mob uas inhibits kev loj hlob ntawm fungi thiab tawm tsam lawv replication. Cov tshuaj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev kho mob ntawm cov kab mob no: candidiasis ntawm txoj hlab ntsws, genitourinary system, digestive kabmob, qhov muag. Nws yog tshuaj rau sepsis, meningitis (nrog Cryptococcus fungi), qhov chaw mos candidiasis, mycoses ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntawm ko taw, kev puas tsuaj rau cov ntsia hlau daim hlau, pityriasis, thiab lwm yam.
Kho rau cov mob hnyav ntawm mycosis
Cov tshuaj tseem ceeb siv rau cov ntaub ntawv nyuaj thiab cov kab mob fungal yog Griseofulvin. Cov tshuaj no yog siv los tiv thaiv dermatomycetes, uas yog vim lub hauv paus chiv keeb ntawm no antimycotic. Cov tshuaj no suav hais tias yog cov tshuaj zoo tshaj plaws rau cov kab mob fungal ntawm lub cev. Kev kho mob zoo txawm tias muaj ntau hom kab mob fungal. Cov kab mob no raug rau cov tshuaj: Trichophyton, Epydermophyton, Achorionum, Microsporum. Cov tshuaj "Griseofulvin" yog siv nyob rau hauv kev kho mob ntawm microsporia ntawm epithelium, rau tes thiab plaub hau, trichophytosis, dermatomycosis, epidermophytosis. Nws tsis yog tshuaj rau cov neeg mob hnub nyoog qis dua 2 xyoos, rau cov neeg mob uas muaj kab mob oncological, pathologies ntawm cov ntshav thiab cov plab hnyuv siab raum, thaum cev xeeb tub thiab lactation.
Cov hauv qab no yog pheej yig tab sis siv tau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob.
Npaj rau kev siv sab nraud
Nyob rau hauv kev kho mob ntawm mycosis ntawm ko taw thiab rau tes, nws yog thawj zaug uas yuav tsum tau tshem tawm cov keratinized thiab exfoliated.epithelial txheej. Keratolytic tshuaj pleev, piv txwv li, muaj kev daws teeb meem zoo. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob pheej yig rau cov ntiv taw hauv daim ntawv gel, cream thiab tshuaj pleev yog nrov:
- "Sicorten".
- Sinalar K.
- Triderm.
- "Lotriderm".
- Travocort.
Ib qho kev xaiv zoo rau kev kho mob onychomycosis yog daim ntawv thov tshwj xeeb kho cov kua roj vanish rau cov ntsia hlau phaj - "Batrafen", "Lotseril". Cov khoom zoo li no muaj peev xwm nkag mus rau hauv cov txheej sib sib zog nqus ntawm cov ntsia hlau thiab tawm tsam mycosis, tsim lub plhaub tiv thaiv ntawm cov ntsia hlau phaj.
Kev kho hauv zos rau mycosis ntawm cov plaub hau yog ua raws li ntxuav lub taub hau nrog tshuaj zawv plaub hau: Cynovit, Mikanisal, Sebiprox, Mycozoral.
Allylamins
Cov tshuaj tua kab mob twg pheej yig tab sis zoo rau daim tawv nqaij? Cov tshuaj nto moo tshaj plaws los ntawm pawg kws tshuaj no yog cov tshuaj "Terbinafine". Nws yog tsim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov ntsiav tshuaj, tshuaj pleev thiab tshuaj tsuag. Cov tshuaj siv nws txoj kev kho mob los ntawm kev tawm tsam squalene epoxidase hauv cov cell membranes ntawm fungi, uas ua rau ergosterol deficiency thiab intracellular tsub zuj zuj ntawm squalene, uas provokes kev tuag ntawm cov kab mob. Cov tshuaj kuj muaj cov kab mob fungicidal ntawm dermatophytes, qee qhov dimorphic, pwm, zoo li poov xab thiab poov xab fungi.
Cov lus qhia rau nws siv yog cov kab mob fungal - trichophytosis, microsporia, epidermophytosis, nrog rau onychomycosis, candidiasis thiab versicolor.
Echinocandins
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tawv nqaij pheej yig muaj nyob ntawm txhua lub tsev muag tshuaj. Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev kho mob ntawm echinocandins yog ua raws li kev ua haujlwm ntawm fungistatic (kev tawm tsam ntawm kev ua haujlwm thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob fungal) thiab fungicidal (kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov kab mob), uas yog pom tau vim qhov tseeb tias kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov enzymes lub luag haujlwm rau kev tsim cov beta- glucans yog inhibited.
tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob los ntawm pawg echinocandin:
- "Micafungin" yog cov tshuaj uas tsim tawm hauv daim ntawv ntau npaum rau kev tswj hwm txoj hlab ntshav. Nws raug sau tseg hauv kev kho mob ntawm cov mob hnyav ntawm candidiasis.
- Caspofungin yog ib yam tshuaj parenteral.
- Anidulafungin yog ib yam tshuaj siv rau invasive candidiasis.
Lwm tshuaj
Cia peb saib qee qhov pheej yig dua tab sis siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob rau cov rau tes thiab tawv nqaij.
Cov kws kho hniav feem ntau sau cov tshuaj hauv qab no:
"Lamisil" yog cov tshuaj Swiss, cov lus qhia rau kev siv uas qhia tias nws yog tshuaj tua kab mob. Nws cov khoom tseem ceeb, terbinafine, belongs rau qeb ntawm allylamines, uas muaj ntau qhov kev txiav txim tawm tsam fungi. Nws muaj feem cuam tshuam rau cov kab mob uas ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj rau daim tawv nqaij, rau tes thiab plaub hau. Thaum siv terbinafine hauv koob tshuaj tsawg, nws muaj cov cuab yeej fungicidal tiv thaiv qee cov pwm thiab cov kab mob dimorphic thiabdermatophytes. Cov tshuaj no muaj nyob rau hauv cov ntsiav tshuaj, tshuaj tsuag thiab cream
- "Chlornitrophenol" yog cov tshuaj raws li cov organic compound uas nquag siv los kho ntau yam kab mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Cov cuab yeej muaj antimycotic, antiparasitic thiab antimicrobial kev ua. Cov tshuaj yog siv topically kho cov tawv nqaij cuam tshuam los ntawm fungi. Yeej, nws cov khoom siv rau cov poov xab zoo li cov kab mob. Cov khoom siv hauv paus muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm fungicidal. Thaum siv cov koob tshuaj ntau, cov khoom kho mob no muaj cov kab mob tua kab mob, tiv thaiv kab mob Gram-negative thiab Gram-positive microorganisms, suav nrog Proteus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
- Cov tshuaj tua kab mob twg pheej yig tab sis siv tau? "Diflucan" yog tshuaj tua kab mob uas muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov tshuaj ntsiav. Lub active tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj no yog fluconazole, uas belongs rau qeb ntawm triazoles, muaj antifungal kev ua si raws li ib tug pronounced xaiv inhibition ntawm sterol synthesis nyob rau hauv lub pathogen cell.
Reviews
Muaj ntau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob nyob rau ntawm cov khw muag tshuaj niaj hnub no. Thiab ntawm ntau yam zoo li no, feem ntau nyuaj rau cov neeg mob xaiv qhov zoo tshaj plaws, tab sis tib lub sij hawm pheej yig tshuaj tiv thaiv fungus. Ntawm cov tshuaj, muaj cov ntsiav tshuaj, thiab tshuaj pleev, thiab tshuaj tsuag, thiab ntau hom kev tswj hwm rau hauv cov ntshav, tab sis lawv cov tshuaj pharmacological thiab nqi.txawv heev. Yog li ntawd, hauv kev tshuaj xyuas lawv sau tias ua ntej kev kho mob nws yog qhov zoo dua los sab laj tus kws kho mob uas yuav pab koj xaiv cov tshuaj zoo.
Cov tshuaj nrov tshaj plaws ntawm pawg no yog cov tshuaj xws li Fluconazole, Diflucan. Cov tshuaj kawg tsis tuaj yeem hu ua pheej yig, tab sis nws zoo heev. Fluconazole muaj tus nqi qis dua, tab sis nws cov spectrum ntawm kev ua yog me ntsis txwv piv rau Diflucan.
Tshuaj tua kab mob pheej yig rau cov rau tes "Lamisil" kuj nrov. Pab tau sai heev, haum rau ntau tus neeg mob.
