Vim li cas ib tug neeg laus thiab tuag

Cov txheej txheem:

Vim li cas ib tug neeg laus thiab tuag
Vim li cas ib tug neeg laus thiab tuag

Video: Vim li cas ib tug neeg laus thiab tuag

Video: Vim li cas ib tug neeg laus thiab tuag
Video: Tiv Thaiv Koj Tsev Neeg thiab Zej Zog Ntawm 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
Anonim

Tsawg tus neeg paub, tab sis nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua XVIII lub neej expectancy ntawm ib tug neeg tsuas yog 24 xyoo. Tom qab 100 xyoo, tus lej no tau nce ob npaug - txog 48 xyoo. Tam sim no tus menyuam mos tuaj yeem nyob nruab nrab ntawm 76 xyoo. Muab qhov kev tshawb pom tshiab kawg hauv biology, cov kws tshawb fawb ntseeg tias daim duab no yuav nyob twj ywm tsis hloov mus ntev.

vim li cas neeg thiaj laus
vim li cas neeg thiaj laus

Introduction

Hnub no, kev tshawb nrhiav "rov ua dua txiv apples" thiab cov lus teb rau cov lus nug ntawm yog vim li cas ib tug neeg muaj hnub nyoog muaj zog nyob rau hauv kev kawm txog cov qauv ntawm cov hlwb, thaum tsawg dua thiab tsis tshua mloog yog them rau lub luag haujlwm ntawm kev ntxhov siab. thiab noj zaub mov hauv tib neeg lub neej. Cov neeg uas xav ua kom tsis txawj tuag tig mus rau cov chaw kho mob tiv thaiv kev laus, them $ 20,000 txhua xyoo rau kev kho tshuaj hormone, kev tshuaj xyuas DNA thiab qhov chaw phais. Txawm li cas los xij, cov kev sim no tsis muab kev lees paub ntawm kev tsis txawj tuag - lawv tsuas yog cog lus tias yuav ua rau lub neej ntev.

Cia peb saib ua ke thaum twg thiab yog vim li cas ib tug neeg muaj hnub nyoog, dab tsi yog cov cim qhia thiab ua rau kev laus thiab yuav ua li cas kom tsis txhob aging.

Lub tswvyim ntawm "kev laus"

Lo lus"laus laus" tam sim no cuam tshuam nrog cov tshuaj pleev ib ce tiv thaiv kev laus thiab kev phais mob. Qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb tias niaj hnub kev tshawb fawb tau tsom mus rau kev kawm ntawm qhov chaw sab nrauv thiab kev tsim cov thev naus laus zis tshiab. Lawv tsuas tsis nco qab txog kev tsis txawj tuag.

Tab sis Dr. John Langmore, tus xibfwb ntawm University of Michigan, thiab nws pab pawg tau "saib" rau hauv cov hlwb, mus rau qhov tseem ceeb ntawm tib neeg lub neej. Tshwj xeeb, nws tau kawm DNA molecule thiab pom nyob rau ntawm nws qhov kawg ib txoj hlua ntawm cov enzymes rov ua dua, uas tom qab hu ua "telomeres". Lawv ua haujlwm raws li kev tiv thaiv "caps" thaum kawg ntawm chromosomes, uas dhau sijhawm tiv thaiv cov molecules los ntawm kev sib cais hauv ib nrab, uas ua rau kev laus thiab kev tuag ntawm ib tug neeg.

vim li cas tib neeg thiaj li muaj hnub nyoog sai
vim li cas tib neeg thiaj li muaj hnub nyoog sai

Dab tsi yog "telomeres"

Cov kws tshawb fawb tau sau tseg tias thaum ib tus neeg laus zuj zus, qhov ntev ntawm telomeric chains txo qis. Thaum kawg lawv dhau los ua luv luv uas cell replication ua rau tuag taus los yog ploj lawm daim nyob rau hauv DNA ib ntus, cuam tshuam lub cell lub peev xwm los hloov nws tus kheej. Qhov kev txwv no, thaum lub xov tooj ntawm tes tau poob nws txoj cai DNA lub neej thiab tsis tuaj yeem tsim nws tus kheej, hu ua Hayflick txwv. Qhov no yog ib qho kev ntsuas ntawm pes tsawg zaus ib lub xov tooj tuaj yeem luam nws tus kheej ua ntej nws tuag.

Qee lub hlwb hauv peb lub cev muaj qhov txwv Hayflick siab heev. Piv txwv li, cov hlwb uas nyob hauv peb lub qhov ncauj thiab hauv peb cov hnyuv tau raug tshem tawm tas li thiab hloov pauv. Tseeb tiag, lawv zoo li tuaj yeem loj hlob telomeres txawm tias mus rau neeg laus. Tom qab ntawd cov kws tshawb fawb tau xav txog vim li cas qee lub hlwb tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm telomeres nrog lub hnub nyoog, thiab qee qhov tsis ua.

"Programmed" Cells

Dr. Langmore, siv lub cev, biochemical thiab noob caj noob ces txoj hauv kev los kawm txog cov qauv thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm telomeres, tau tsim lub xovtooj ntawm tes kom rov tsim kho cov qauv ua haujlwm ntawm telomeres siv cov khoom siv DNA. Nws kuj tau txheeb xyuas cov txheej txheem uas telomeres tuaj yeem "stabilize" thiab cov xwm txheej uas ua rau lawv tsis ruaj khov.

Protein yam "lub luag haujlwm" rau stabilizing chromosome kawg tau raug cloned thiab kawm. Electron microscopy ua rau nws ua tau ncaj qha pom cov qauv ntawm telomere qauv. Qhov kev tshawb fawb nthuav dav no ua rau muaj ntau qhov kev pom zoo.

Cov kws tshawb fawb tau tshawb pom ib qho tseem ceeb enzyme uas tuaj yeem "tawm" telomeres kom cov DNA molecule tuaj yeem ua rau tsis muaj sijhawm. Nws hu ua telomerase. Tab sis raws li peb laus zuj zus, tus naj npawb ntawm telomerase hauv hlwb txo qis. Qhov no yog lo lus teb rau lo lus nug ntawm yog vim li cas tib neeg lub cev yog aging.

tsib lub ntsiab theories

Yog li, cov kws tshawb fawb tau ua pov thawj tias kev tuag tshwm sim vim kev poob ntawm cov hlwb ntau. Muaj ntau txoj kev xav uas piav qhia txog qhov kev txwv Hayflick li cas hauv cov hlwb ntawm peb lub cev. Xav txog lawv kom ntxaws ntxiv:

1. yuam kev hypothesis. Qhov kev tshawb xav no txhais cov kev ua yuam kev uas tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hauv kev tsim cov DNA thiab RNA, vim tias cov txheej txheem metabolic tsis yog 100%. Cell tuag yuav ua tauqhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov tsis raug daws teeb meem no.

vim li cas ib tug neeg yog aging ua rau thiab cov cim
vim li cas ib tug neeg yog aging ua rau thiab cov cim

2. Txoj kev xav ntawm dawb radicals. Teb cov lus nug ntawm yog vim li cas ib tug neeg muaj hnub nyoog, nyob rau hauv nws tus kheej txoj kev. Tsis muaj kev tswj hwm dawb radicals tuaj yeem ua rau cov membranes uas nyob ib puag ncig cov hlwb thiab cellular DNA thiab RNA molecules. Qhov kev puas tsuaj no thaum kawg ua rau kev tuag ntawm tes.

Txoj kev xav no tam sim no tau tshawb fawb kub heev. Kev sim ntawm cov nas tau pom tias 40% txo qis hauv calorie kom tsawg ua rau muaj ob npaug ntawm lawv txoj sia nyob thiab txo qis ntawm cov dawb radicals. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kws tshawb fawb tau pom tias cov vitamins E thiab C nqus tau zoo.

3. Crosslinking txoj kev xav hais tias kev laus ntawm cov kab mob muaj sia yog vim muaj kev sib txuam (los ntawm crosslinking) ntawm "bridges" ntawm cov protein molecules, uas tom qab ntawd cuam tshuam rau kev tsim cov RNA thiab DNA. Qhov kev sib txuas no tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm ntau cov tshuaj uas nquag pom hauv cov hlwb vim yog cov metabolism, nrog rau cov pa phem (xws li txhuas thiab cov pa luam yeeb).

4. Lub hlwb hypothesis teb cov lus nug ntawm yog vim li cas tib neeg muaj hnub nyoog sai nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev sib txawv. Qhov no yog vim "kev puas tsuaj" hauv homeostasis ntawm lub cev ua haujlwm, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv kev tswj hwm ntawm hypothalamus hla lub caj pas pituitary, uas ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev tswj cov qog endocrine.

5. autoimmune txoj kev xav. Nws tau thov los ntawm Dr. Roy Walford hauv Los Angeles, uas qhia tias ob hom kev tiv thaiv kab mob ntshav protein (B thiab T) poob lawv lub zog vim yog "kev tawm tsam" ntawm cov kab mob,cov kab mob thiab cov qog nqaij hlav cancer. Thiab thaum B thiab T hlwb ua tsis tiav, lawv kis tau cov cell noj qab nyob zoo hauv lub cev.

Vim li cas ib tug neeg laus: ua rau thiab cov cim

Thaum qee lub sijhawm hauv lub neej, feem ntau thaum muaj hnub nyoog 30 xyoo, cov lus qhia txog kev laus pib tshwm sim. Lawv tuaj yeem pom nyob txhua qhov chaw: wrinkles tshwm rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij, lub zog thiab yoog raws ntawm cov pob txha thiab pob qij txha txo qis, cov hlab plawv, plab hnyuv thiab lub paj hlwb tau hloov pauv.

Txawm tsis muaj leej twg tuaj yeem hais meej yog vim li cas tus neeg laus. Tab sis cov noob caj noob ces, kev noj haus, kev tawm dag zog, kab mob thiab lwm yam tau pom tseeb tias yuav cuam tshuam cov txheej txheem no.

Cia peb saib kom ze rau cov cim qhia thiab ua rau kev laus ntawm lub cev lub cev:

1. Cells, kabmob thiab cov ntaub so ntswg:

- telomeres, uas nyob ntawm qhov kawg ntawm chromosomes hauv txhua lub cell, dhau sijhawm tiv thaiv kev tawg ntawm DNA molecule;

- pov tseg hauv hlwb;

- cov ntaub so ntswg ua kom nruj dua;

- Lub peev xwm ua haujlwm siab tshaj plaws ntawm ntau lub cev raug txo qis.

2. Lub plawv thiab cov hlab ntsha:

- phab ntsa ntawm lub siab ua tuab dua;

- cov leeg plawv pib ua haujlwm tsawg dua, nqus cov ntshav tib yam;

- aortas ua tuab, tawv thiab tsis yooj yim;

- cov hlab ntsha muab cov ntshav mus rau lub plawv thiab lub hlwb qeeb dua, uas yog vim li cas tus neeg muaj hnub nyoog, cov tsos mob pom tseeb.

3. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb:

- lub cev nyuaj rau tswj qhov kub;

- zausLub plawv dhia yuav siv sij hawm ntev dua kom rov zoo li qub tom qab kev tawm dag zog.

4. Pob txha, leeg, pob qij txha:

- pob txha nyias nyias thiab tsis muaj zog;

- pob qij txha yog nruj dua thiab tsis yooj yim;

- pob txha mos hauv pob txha thiab pob qij txha pib qaug zog;

- cov leeg nqaij kuj poob nws lub zog, qhov no piav qhia vim li cas tus neeg muaj hnub nyoog, yog vim li cas rau txoj haujlwm no.

5. Digestive system:

- plab, siab, pancreas thiab cov hnyuv me ua rau cov kua txiv digestive tsawg;

- kev txav ntawm cov zaub mov los ntawm kev zom zaub mov qeeb.

6. Lub paj hlwb thiab lub paj hlwb:

- tus naj npawb ntawm cov paj hlwb hauv lub hlwb thiab tus txha caj qaum txo qis;

- Cov qauv txawv txav xws li "plaques" thiab "tangles" tuaj yeem tsim nyob rau hauv lub hlwb, uas ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj rau nws qhov kev ua tau zoo;

- tus naj npawb ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm cov paj hlwb txo qis.

vim li cas tus neeg muaj hnub nyoog kos npe
vim li cas tus neeg muaj hnub nyoog kos npe

7. Qhov muag thiab pob ntseg:

- retina ua thinner thiab cov menyuam kawm ntawv nyuaj;

- lo ntsiab muag tsis meej;

- phab ntsa ntawm pob ntseg ua nyias thiab pob ntseg tuab dua.

8. Daim tawv nqaij, rau tes thiab plaub hau:

- daim tawv nqaij yuav thinner thiab elastic nrog lub hnub nyoog, uas yog vim li cas vim li cas tib neeg muaj hnub nyoog outwardly;

- hws qog ua hws tsawg;

- rau tes loj hlob qeeb;

- plaub hau tig grey thiab qee qhov txawm tias tsis loj hlob.

Symptom of Aging

muajCov tsos mob feem ntau ntawm kev laus uas suav nrog:

- nce kev kis tus kab mob;

- poob qis me ntsis hauv kev loj hlob;

- nce kev pheej hmoo ntawm kub stroke lossis hypothermia;

- pob txha tawg yooj yim dua;

- stoop;

- qeeb suab;

- txo tag nrho lub zog;

- cem quav thiab urinary incontinence;

- qeeb me ntsis hauv cov txheej txheem kev xav thiab kev nco;

- txo kev sib koom tes;

- deterioration nyob rau hauv qhov muag acuity thiab txo nyob rau hauv peripheral tsis pom kev;

- hnov tsis hnov lus;

- sagging thiab wrinkling ntawm daim tawv nqaij;

- plaub hau grey;

- poob phaus.

Tom ntej no, cia saib dab tsi ua rau tib neeg muaj hnub nyoog thiab yam twg ua rau peb laus dua.

Qhov cuam tshuam ntawm qab zib

Cov neeg uas nyiam khoom qab zib yuav ntxub kev paub tias qab zib "ua kom nrawm" peb cov laus. Yog tias koj haus nws hauv qhov ntau, koj yuav sai sai nce qhov hnyav, thiab koj lub cev yuav ua rau muaj kab mob ntev. Lawv, ntawm chav kawm, yuav maj mam "qhia" rau hauv ib tug neeg lub neej ntev. Txawm li cas los xij, txhua yam kab mob tsis zoo cuam tshuam rau txhua lub hlwb hauv lub cev. Uas yog vim li cas ib tug neeg maj mam.

vim li cas ib tug neeg muaj hnub nyoog
vim li cas ib tug neeg muaj hnub nyoog

Smoking

Txawm yog menyuam yaus paub tias kev haus luam yeeb tsis zoo rau kev noj qab haus huv. Hauv New Zealand, piv txwv li, 5,000 tus neeg tuag txhua xyoo vim muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo ntawm kev haus luam yeeb (xws li kev haus luam yeeb tsis txaus). Qhov no yog13 tus neeg ib hnub!

Txhua tus luam yeeb uas koj haus luam yeeb yuav ntxiv cov tawv nqaij rau koj lub ntsej muag. Thiab nyob rau hauv ua ke nrog ntau lub hnub ci, nws kuj ua rau cov tsos ntawm cov cell tuag ntawm daim tawv nqaij.

Kev sib nrauj

Yog, koj nyeem yog lawm! Kev sib nrauj nrog ib tug neeg koj hlub heev yeej muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau koj lub siab lub ntsws, tab sis kuj rau koj qhov tsos thiab kev noj qab haus huv.

Xyoo 2009, cov kws tshawb fawb tau tshawb fawb nrog cov menyuam ntxaib zoo ib yam, uas qhia tias cov khub niam txiv sib cais zoo li qub dua cov uas ib txwm nyob ua ke.

vim li cas tib neeg lub cev muaj hnub nyoog?
vim li cas tib neeg lub cev muaj hnub nyoog?

tshav ntuj nrig

Lub hnub rays muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau tib neeg lub cev, tab sis rau qee yam. Lawv tuaj yeem ua rau wrinkles ntawm daim tawv nqaij, tom qab ntawd nws paub meej tias vim li cas qee tus neeg muaj hnub nyoog sai dua lwm tus.

hnub ci ntau dhau tuaj yeem ua rau elastosis (txo ntawm daim tawv nqaij elasticity) thiab pom cov hnub nyoog ntau ntawm lub ntsej muag.

Phobias thiab kev ntxhov siab

Kev tshawb fawb tsis ntev los no tau pom tias tus kheej phobias thiab kev paub dhau los ua rau kev laus thiab ntxiv xyoo rau koj qhov tsos. Kev ntxhov siab ntev ua rau qhov tso tawm tsis tu ncua ntawm cov tshuaj hormones ntshai, uas muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau hauv nruab nrog cev thiab cov ntaub so ntswg. Lawv kuj pab tsim cov dawb radicals, uas yog vim li cas tib neeg muaj hnub nyoog sai.

Yuav ua li cas qeeb lub moos lom

Muaj ntau cov lus pom zoo uas yuav pab koj ntawm koj tus kheej thiab tsis muaj peev txheejntau npaum li cas kom qeeb cov txheej txheem kev laus hauv lub cev:

1. Kawm tswj koj qhov kev ntshai thiab daws koj qhov kev txhawj xeeb.

2. Kev txwv koj cov calories kom tsawg ua rau koj lub hnub nyoog laus zuj zus. Cov txiaj ntsig ua ntej los ntawm cov kev tshawb fawb hauv cov liab qhia tau hais tias kev noj zaub mov muaj txiaj ntsig tuaj yeem "tso qis" kev hloov pauv lub cev muaj hnub nyoog.

3. Tau txais kev tawm dag zog tsis tu ncua. Tom qab tag nrho, lawv pab txhawb kev tso tawm cov tshuaj hormones loj hlob.

vim li cas tib neeg muaj hnub nyoog nyob sab nraud
vim li cas tib neeg muaj hnub nyoog nyob sab nraud

4. Sim kom pw txaus txhua hnub. Tsuas yog thaum pw tsaug zog peb tuaj yeem rov qab tag nrho peb lub zog.

5. So kom txaus. Xaiv txoj kev so uas haum rau koj. Tej zaum nws yuav seev cev, nyeem phau ntawv, mloog nkauj, lossis tsuas yog da dej kub xwb.

Zoo, peb txhua tus tuaj yeem hais tias peb txhua tus yuav loj hlob, txawm peb nyiam lossis tsis nyiam. Tab sis tam sim no peb paub yuav ua li cas qeeb cov txheej txheem no, txawm tias nyob rau theem cellular. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog tsis yog ua kom muaj kev noj qab nyob zoo, tab sis kuj txo qis txhua yam uas cuam tshuam rau peb lub cev.

Pom zoo: