Tus pas ntsuas kub ntsuas lub cev kub yog cov cuab yeej kho mob uas txhua tsev neeg muaj niaj hnub no. Nws yog feem ntau siv los txiav txim siab txog lub xeev ntawm tus neeg mob, seb nws puas yog lub sijhawm los muab nws cov tshuaj tua kab mob, yuav ua li cas lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob. Nyob rau hauv feem ntau ntawm cov neeg mob, ib tug mercury tus pas ntsuas kub yog siv. Tsis ntev los sis tom qab, nws inevitably tawg. Thaum tus pas ntsuas kub tawg hauv chav tsev, qhov tshwm sim tuaj yeem ua rau tsis kaj siab thiab txaus ntshai. Hauv tsab xov xwm peb yuav tham txog cov cai kev nyab xeeb thaum siv lub ntsuas kub, cov teeb meem dab tsi nws tshwm sim hauv daim ntawv tawg, yuav ua li cas paub txog cov tsos mob lom, pab thawj zaug, yuav coj li cas yog tias qhov no twb tshwm sim lawm.
txoj cai nyab xeeb
Koj yuav tsum nkag siab: thaum lub ntsuas kub hauv chav tsev tawg, qhov tshwm sim tuaj yeem ua rau mob hnyav heevcuam tshuam kev noj qab haus huv ntawm txhua tus neeg hauv tsev neeg. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv qhov no, txhua yam yuav tsum ua kom tsis txhob muaj qhov tshwm sim.
Nco ntsoov nco ntsoov tias tus pas ntsuas kub mercury yuav tsum tau kho nrog kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb. Hauv nws yog cov tshuaj tua kab mob. Mercury, thaum cuam tshuam nrog tib neeg lub cev, tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj rau nws. Yog tias koj tseem muaj tus pas ntsuas kub tawg hauv chav tsev, koj yuav tsum nkag siab meej tias yuav ua li cas rau qhov xwm txheej zoo li no.
Tsis txhob txhawj ntau dhau qhov no. Thermometers yeej nrog enviable tsis tu ncua, yog tias txhua yam ua tiav, ua raws li cov lus pom zoo, nws yuav ua tau yam tsis muaj qhov tshwm sim loj. Qhov tseem ceeb yog npaj rau txhua yam teeb meem.
Ua ntej, nco ntsoov cov cai tseem ceeb rau kev tuav cov ntsuas mercury:
- Tus pas ntsuas kub tsis yog khoom ua si. Cov menyuam yaus yuav tsum tsis txhob tso cai ua si nrog nws, txawm tias tsuas yog tuav hauv lawv txhais tes, tsis nyob hauv koj tus saib xyuas.
- Khaws lub ntsuas cua mercury nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ruaj khov kom deb ntawm cov menyuam yaus.
- "Knocking down" qhov kub ntawm tus pas ntsuas kub, ceev faj. Ceev faj ntawm cov khoom tawv nyob ze, tsis txhob nqa nws nrog ob txhais tes ntub. Qhov no yuav tsis txhob khob thiab swb.
- Cia koj tus menyuam qhov kub thiab txias thaum nws nyob hauv koj qhov kev saib xyuas. Ib tug menyuam yaus tuaj yeem hnov qab txog lub ntsuas kub, ib yam li ntawd, cov menyuam yaus paub txog lawv qhov tsis xis nyob.
Kev phom sij yog dab tsi?
Thaum tus pas ntsuas kub mercury tawg hauv chav tsev, qhov tshwm sim tuaj yeem txaus ntshai heev. Kojyuav tsum nkag siab tias yuav xav li cas. Mercury muaj nyob rau hauv tus pas ntsuas kub yog suav hais tias tshwj xeeb tshaj yog txaus ntshai rau tib neeg. Qhov tseeb, nws yog tshuaj lom uas muaj cov khoom sib txuas.
Qhov no yog cov hlau tshwj xeeb hauv cov xwm txheej, raws li qhov kub thiab txias nws tseem nyob hauv lub xeev ua kua. Evaporate, tso cov tshuaj lom, nws pib twb nyob rau ntawm qhov kub ntawm +18 degrees. Qhov no yog qhov txaus ntshai tshaj plaws thaum lub ntsuas kub mercury hauv chav tsev poob.
Ntau tshaj qhov txwv txwv
Feem ntau, cov cuab yeej kho mob no muaj 2 txog 5 grams mercury. Yog hais tias tag nrho nws evaporates nyob rau hauv ib chav tsev ntawm ib tug standard cheeb tsam, qhov concentration ntawm vapors ntawm cov hlau nyob rau hauv lub chav tsev yuav ncav cuag 100 mg ib cubic meter. Qhov no yog 300,000 npaug ntawm qhov siab tshaj plaws tso cai ntawm mercury rau thaj chaw nyob.
Tau kawg, cov no tsuas yog kev suav cov theoretical xwb, txij li qhov cua yuav tsis tso cai rau cov hlau kom ncav cuag qhov siab, tab sis nws tseem yuav siab heev. Tsis tas li ntawd, tag nrho cov mercury los ntawm tus pas ntsuas kub tsuas tuaj yeem evaporate ntawm qhov kub siab heev.
Vim li ntawd, yog tias tsis muaj kev nqis tes ua thaum lub ntsuas ntsuas kub tawg hauv chav tsev, qhov concentration ntawm cov khoom no yog 50-100 npaug ntau dua li qub. Qhov no tseem mob heev.
Yog tias tus pas ntsuas kub tawg hauv chav tsev, qhov tshwm sim, uas suav tias yog ib qho txaus ntshai tshaj plaws, yog tias cov hlau no muaj peev xwm ua kom pom tseeb hauv tib neeg lub cev. Ntxiv mus, cov tsos mob tuaj yeem ua rau lawv tus kheej hnov tom qab ntev, uas ua rau kev kuaj mob nyuaj heev. Txog thaum ntawdQhov xwm txheej kub kub tawg tuaj yeem hnov qab.
Signs
Thaum tus pas ntsuas kub tawg hauv chav tsev, qhov tshwm sim los ntawm mercury lom ua rau muaj qee yam tsos mob. Koj yuav tsum paub txog lawv txhawm rau kuaj xyuas lub sijhawm, muab kev pabcuam zoo thiab sijhawm.
Los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv kho mob, koj tuaj yeem pom tias vim muaj cov tshuaj mercury lom, tuag tes tuag taw, kev hloov pauv hauv cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev, thiab kev tuag. Tab sis yog tias ib tug neeg tsuas nqus tau cov vapors ntawm cov hlau no, cov teeb meem loj no yuav tsum tsis txhob xav txog.
Hauv qhov no, cov paib yuav ua raws li hauv qab no:
- kev qaug zog ntawm lub cev;
- hlau saj hauv qhov ncauj;
- ntuav thiab xeev siab;
- tsis xis nyob thaum nqos;
- mob taub hau;
- poob qab los.
Yog tias qhov kev kho mob tsim nyog tsis tau muab rau lub sijhawm, cov tsos mob yuav hnyav dua. Hauv qhov no, koj tuaj yeem pom:
- quav quav nrog ntshav los yog mucous secretions;
- ntshav ntawm cov pos hniav;
- plab tsis xis nyob;
- kub, mus txog 40 degrees.
Nyob rau qhov xwm txheej zoo li no, yuav tsum tau hu lub tsheb thauj neeg mob tam sim ntawd kom tus neeg mob mus pw hauv tsev kho mob. Yog cov kws kho mob tsis pab nws, qhov tshwm sim tuaj yeem tu siab, mus txog rau tus neeg tuag.
Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov poj niam cev xeeb tub thiab cov menyuam yaus yuav tsum ceev faj txog kev ua pa mercury lom. Hauv kev sib deev ncaj ncees, kev cia siab rau menyuam yaus, qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj rau tus menyuam hauv plab. Ntawmcov menyuam yaus, txawm tias qhov nqus tau ntev ntawm cov mercury tuaj yeem ua rau mob raum tuag.
Yog li ob tus menyuam yaus thiab cov poj niam cev xeeb tub uas nyob hauv chav uas muaj tus pas ntsuas kub tawg yuav tsum tau mus ntsib kws kho mob kom paub tseeb tias txhua yam mus tsis muaj qhov tshwm sim loj.
Kev pab ib zaug
Yog muaj tshuaj lom mercury tshwm sim, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau muab kev pab thawj zaug kom txo tau qhov tsis zoo ntawm lub cev.
Hu lub tsheb thauj neeg mob ua ntej. Txog thaum kws kho mob tuaj txog, tus neeg raug tsim txom yuav tsum haus dej kom ntau li ntau tau. Qhov no yuav tshem tawm lub cev. Zoo, yog tias cov tshuaj "Polysorb" nyob ntawm tes. Qhov no yog ib qho enterosorbent uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev lom. Nws pib ua sai sai, lus hauv ob peb feeb, tsis muaj contraindications, nws tuaj yeem noj txhua hnub. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog txiav txim siab txog qhov ntau npaum li cas, nyob ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm tus neeg mob.
Action algorithm
Thaum tus ntsuas kub kub hauv chav tsev, kuv yuav ua li cas? Qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov xwm txheej no yuav tsum to taub zoo los ntawm txhua tus. Qhov tseem ceeb yog tsis txhob txhawj. Yog tias koj ua raws nraim li cov lus qhia, koj yuav tuaj yeem daws qhov teeb meem no yam tsis muaj kev phom sij.
Yog li, yog tus ntsuas ntsuas kub hauv chav tsev poob, yuav ua li cas, peb yuav qhia koj los ntawm taw tes:
- Nco ntsoov tias mercury pib evaporate ntawm +18 degrees xwb. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv qhov no, txo qhov kub hauv chav kom ntau li ntau tau. Yog tias nws qis dua qhov cim no, cov hlau yuav tsisnoj nyob rau hauv lub xeev gaseous. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, nws yog xyaum nyab xeeb. Tig lub cua sov, qhib lub qhov rais, lossis qhib lub tshuab cua txias feem ntau txaus.
- Tam sim no cia peb nqis los ntxuav. Yog tias koj tsis muaj sijhawm los ntsib cov mercury, hloov khaub ncaws thiab hloov mus rau cov khaub ncaws thiab khau uas koj yuav tsis xav muab pov tseg. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws, cov khaub ncaws yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm cov ntaub uas tsis nqus dej, thiab khau yuav tsum yog roj hmab. Piv txwv li, lub tsho tiv no los ntawm cellophane yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws. Muab cov hnab looj tes roj hmab tso rau ntawm koj txhais tes, thiab npog koj lub qhov ncauj thiab qhov ntswg nrog ib daim ntaub ntub dej. Yog hais tias tus pas ntsuas kub hauv chav tsev sib tsoo, yuav ua li cas, koj yuav tsum nco ntsoov tam sim ntawd kom pib tshem tawm qhov tshwm sim.
- Npaj ib qho kev daws ntawm poov tshuaj permanganate. Qhov loj dua, qhov zoo dua. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, dilute 20 g ntawm poov tshuaj permanganate hauv 10 liv dej. Ib feem ntawm cov tshuaj yog nchuav rau hauv ib lub thawv cais nrog lub hau nruj. Hauv ib lub thawv cais, npaj cov tshuaj xab npum thiab dej qab zib.
- Cov mercury tawg sab nraud yog cov pob hlau me me. Yog tias lawv tau tawg rau hauv pem teb, nws yuav tsis yooj yim rau koj los sau lawv. Sau cov loj loj nrog ib daim ntawv, nchuav rau hauv ib lub thawv. Me me - nrog daim kab xev.
- Ua tib zoo tshuaj xyuas nrog lub teeb nyem qhov chaw uas cov hlau tuaj yeem ua tau. Nws tuaj yeem yog cov ces kaum, tawg, plinths. Yog hais tias lub pob no nyob rau hauv ib qho nyuaj mus cuag, nws yuav ua tau kom tau nws nrog kev pab los ntawm ib tug douching pear los yog ib tug knitting koob. Yog tias cov mercury tau dov hauv qab lub hauv paus, rub nws tawm thiab ntim rau hauv ib lub hnab nruj kom koj thiaj li muab pov tseg tom qab.
- Thaum khaws cov mercury, nco ntsoov siv lub teeb nyem - yog lipob yuav pom ntau dua.
- Tom qab sau tag nrho cov mercury yam tsis muaj qhov seem, ntxuav hauv pem teb kom huv si siv xab npum thiab dej qab zib. Muab hnab looj tes, khaub ncaws thiab khau rau hauv ib lub hnab thiab khi kom nruj.
- Thaum tus pas ntsuas kub tawg hauv chav tsev, koj kuj yuav tsum paub meej tias hu mus rau qhov twg. Koj tuaj yeem sau tau yooj yim mercury koj tus kheej, tab sis Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Kub Ntxhov yuav qhia koj qhov chaw pov tseg.
- Tam sim no koj yuav tsum ntxuav koj tus kheej kom huv si. Yaug koj lub qhov ncauj nrog saline ob peb zaug. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv, haus ib pob ntawm activated charcoal.
Yog tus ntsuas kub hauv chav tsev poob, tam sim no koj paub tseeb tias yuav ua li cas. Txhawm rau kom paub tseeb tias cov mercury tsis ua mob rau leej twg, nws yog ib lub tswv yim zoo los kaw chav tsev uas nws tshwm sim tsawg kawg ib lub lim tiam. Hauv qhov no, koj yuav tsum tau tawm ntawm qhov rais qhib. Tsis tu ncua tua kab mob hauv chav. Ua li no, ntxuav cov plag tsev nrog xab npum thiab dej qab zib.
Mercury on carpet
Qhov xwm txheej tuaj yeem nyuaj dua yog tias koj muaj ntaub pua plag hauv koj chav. Yog hais tias tus pas ntsuas kub poob rau hauv xws li ib chav tsev, koj yuav tsum paub tshwj xeeb tshaj yog yuav ua li cas sau mercury. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, tej yam nyuaj yuav tshwm sim. Raws li nyob rau hauv qhov xwm txheej thaum cov khoom txaus ntshai tsoo cov ntaub nto, nws nyuaj heev los ua ib yam dab tsi ntawm koj tus kheej. Nws yog qhov zoo dua los nrhiav kev pab los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij.
Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, pib los ntawm kev coj txhua tus neeg thiab tsiaj tawm ntawm chav. Qhib lub qhov rais, tab sis tsis suav nrog kev tsim cov qauv. Hu rau ib tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb, cov tsev kawm ntawv no ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv cov chaw haujlwm ntawm Ministry of Emergency Situations los yog chaw kho mob thiab kis kab mob.
Cov neeg ua haujlwm siv cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeblawv yuav txiav txim siab seb qhov concentration ntawm cov pa phem hlau nyob hauv koj lub tsev yog li cas, yam khoom twg tuaj yeem cawm tau thiab qhov twg yuav tsum tau muab pov tseg. Feem ntau, peb yuav tau hais lus zoo rau txhua yam uas tau ua tiav nrog mercury.
Yog tias tus ntsuas ntsuas kub poob hauv chav tsev ntawm cov ntaub pua plag, koj tuaj yeem muab pov tseg lossis sim ziab nws. Muaj tseeb, tsis muaj kev lees paub tias qhov khoom yuav raug ntxuav kom zoo. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, nws yuav tsum tau ua kom paub tseeb tias tsis muaj ib qho kev phom sij ntawm cov hlau phom sij nyob rau hauv cov ntaub pua plag. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua tau tsuas yog nrog kev pab ntawm cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb. Yog li koj yuav tsum nrhiav kev pab los ntawm Ministry of Emergency Situations.
Thov nco ntsoov: yog tias koj txiav txim siab muab cov ntaub pua plag lossis lwm yam khoom pov tseg, koj tsis tuaj yeem nqa mus rau qhov chaw ntim khoom ib txwm. Koj yuav tsum siv cov kev pabcuam ntawm lub koomhaum tshwj xeeb rau kev sau cov khoom pov tseg uas muaj mercury.
mercury siv sijhawm ntev npaum li cas kom evaporate?
Thaum tus ntsuas kub hauv chav tsev poob, ntau npaum li cas mercury ploj tsis tuaj yeem tsim kom meej. Cov txheej txheem evaporation nyob ntawm ntau yam, thiab tuaj yeem siv sijhawm li ob peb lub lis piam mus rau ntau xyoo.
Ua ntej, los ntawm tus nqi mercury uas tswj kom ntws tawm ntawm tus pas ntsuas kub. Qhov tseeb yog tias cov khoom tsawg dua nyob rau saum npoo, qhov evaporation sai dua yuav tshwm sim.
Thib ob, huab cua kub hauv chav tsev uas tus pas ntsuas kub tawg cuam tshuam. Yog tias chav sov sov, ces evaporation yuav tshwm sim sai dua. Qhib qhov rais kom sai li sai tau txhawm rau tiv thaiv huab cua.
Thib peb, nws tseem ceebqhov chaw uas tus pas ntsuas kub tau tawg. Yog tias tsis muaj qhov khoob ntawm nws, nws yuav yooj yim dua los sau cov pob hlau txaus ntshai. Tab sis yog tias mercury nyob rau ntawm cov ntaub pua plag lossis rooj tog, qhov no yuav ntxiv cov teeb meem ntxiv. Hauv qhov no, evaporation yuav siv sijhawm ntev li ntev tau.
Yuav ua li cas ua tsis tau kiag li
Muaj ib daim ntawv teev npe uas yuav tsum tsis txhob ua txhawm rau kom tsis txhob ua rau qhov xwm txheej hnyav dua nrog lub ntsuas kub tawg.
Nco ntsoov tias cov pob mercury tsis tuaj yeem sau nrog lub tshuab nqus tsev lossis tus pas txhuam hniav. Vim yog tus pas txhuam hniav, cov kua hlau yuav pib crushed, thiab nyob rau hauv lub tshuab nqus tsev vacuum, cua sov los ntawm lub cav yuav ua rau nws evaporation sai. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev ntxuav tu tsuas yog ua rau txhua yam hnyav dua.
Mercury sau rau hauv ib lub hub ntawm poov tshuaj permanganate, tsis txhob muab pov rau hauv ib lub thoob khib nyiab. Tom qab qee lub sijhawm, nws yuav tawg, ces cov neeg koj tsis paub yuav nyob rau hauv qhov xwm txheej. Muaj pes tsawg tus yuav tsis paub. Thov nco ntsoov tias mercury, uas ntws los ntawm ib tus pas ntsuas kub, tuaj yeem ua pa phem txog 6 txhiab cubic meters ntawm huab cua. Cov seem ntawm tus pas ntsuas kub, nrog rau tej yam uas tau chwv nrog mercury, yuav tsum muab pov tseg rau hauv qhov chaw qhia los ntawm Ministry of Emergency Situations.
Koj tsis tuaj yeem xa cov khoom mus rau lub tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws uas tau muaj kev sib cuag nrog mercury tsawg. Txawm hais tias koj yuav siv tshuaj tua kab mob. Nws tsis zoo li yuav ua tau zoo, koj tsuas yog ua rau koj tus kheej muaj kev phom sij ntxiv. Tom qab tag nrho, kev pov tseg ntawm mercury yog ib qho kev phom sij thiab nyuaj. Xws li kev ua yuav tsis tsuas yog tsis txuag koj cov khoom, tab sis kuj yuav ua rau lub tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws puas, uas yuavnws txoj kev siv tom ntej yog ua tsis tau.
Tsis txhob xav txog kev tso dej mercury rau hauv qhov dej. Nws yuav tsis muaj sij hawm mus txog qhov chaw nres tsheb khib nyiab, nyob hauv "hauv caug" ntawm koj tus kheej cov kav dej. Tom qab ntawd, nws yuav ua paug thiab ua pa rau koj cov huab cua mus ntev.
Kev paub tiag tiag
Thaum kawg, koj yuav tsum nco ntsoov qhov tseem ceeb: tsis txhob ntshai yog tias koj muaj tus pas ntsuas kub tawg hauv koj lub tsev. Cov niam txiv ntawm cov menyuam yaus uas mob tsis tu ncua lees paub tias muaj kev ntxhov siab ntau zaus. Qhov nruab nrab ib zaug txhua ob peb xyoos. Kev ntshai hauv qhov xwm txheej no yog koj tus yeeb ncuab tseem ceeb.
Yog tias qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov tshwm sim koj tseem txhawj xeeb, tsuas yog thov cov neeg cawm siav kom pab los ntawm kev hu rau Ministry of Emergency. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lawv yeej ib txwm muaj peev xwm muab tswv yim tsim nyog rau koj, lawv yuav qhia rau koj nyob rau hauv nthuav dav lub algorithm ntawm kev txiav txim yuav ua li cas ua nyob rau hauv xws li ib tug teeb meem.
Thaum tus ntsuas ntsuas kub tawg hauv chav tsev, hauv kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm qhov tshwm sim, cov tib neeg uas nyob rau hauv kev xyaum tau ntsib qhov xwm txheej zoo sib xws lees tias cov tsos mob tsis zoo ntawm kev lom yuav luag tsis tshwm sim. Yog tias koj ua raws li cov algorithm, koj yuav zam kev teeb meem. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog kom muab pov tseg txhua yam kom raug thiab ceev faj tshwj xeeb ntawm theem tu.
Yog tias koj muaj teeb meem nyuaj, piv txwv li, mercury tau dov mus rau hauv qhov chaw nyuaj mus txog thiab tsis muaj txoj hauv kev los rho tawm ntawm qhov ntawd, hu rau cov kev pabcuam tshwj xeeb kom tau txais kev pab. Lawv txoj haujlwm tshaj lij suav nrog kev tshem tawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov xwm txheej zoo li no. Yog li lawv yeej yuav pab koj.
Hnub no ntautso tseg kev siv mercury thermometers los ntsuas qhov kub thiab txias, tab sis lawv tseem nyob hauv kev thov. Qee tus ntseeg tias cov ntaub ntawv lawv qhia yog qhov tseeb dua, lwm tus nyiam los ntawm lawv cov nqi qis dua piv rau lawv cov neeg sib tw. Yog li siv cov ntsuas mercury uas tsis muaj kev ntshai ntau dhau, tab sis ua tib zoo thiab ceev faj.
