Alopecia areata yog ib yam kab mob uas sib npaug ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntawm lub taub hau. Pathology tshwm sim tsis tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv cov txiv neej, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv cov poj niam, thiab txawm nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam. Hom plaub hau no tseem hu ua alopecia areata. Qhov no yog ib qho ntawm feem ntau nyuaj thiab nyuaj rau kho cov ntaub ntawv ntawm baldness. Ib tug neeg tsis hnov qhov tsis xis nyob nrog cov plaub hau poob. Tsuas yog thaum combing ib puag ncig bald chaw yog pom ntawm lub taub hau. Cov cheeb tsam cuam tshuam zoo li zes, yog li lub npe ntawm tus kab mob.
Ua rau kab mob
Qhov ua rau alopecia areata tsis tau raug tsim los. Nws yog ntseeg hais tias lub pathology yog autoimmune xwm. Tib neeg lub cev pib pom cov hauv paus plaub hau ua ib yam khoom txawv teb chaws thiab tsis lees paub lawv. Ua ntej, ib qho me me puag ncig ntawm baldness tshwm rau ntawm lub taub hau, uas tom qab ntawd nce.
Cov hauv qab no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj tus kabmobyam:
- Heredity. Feem ntau, patchy alopecia tau pom nyob rau hauv cov niam txiv thiab cov txheeb ze ntawm cov neeg mob.
- mob ua pa nyuaj. Kev kho hniav tsis kho kab mob, SARS thiab mob khaub thuas ua rau nkag mus rau cov kab mob thiab cov kab mob mus rau hauv cov ntshav. Cov kab mob no nyob hauv cov hauv paus plaub hau. Thaum tus neeg lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob sib kis, tsis yog tsuas yog kev puas tsuaj ntawm microbes tshwm sim, tab sis kuj ua rau cov hauv paus hniav puas tsuaj.
- Kev ntxhov siab thiab mob neurotic. Hauv kev nyuaj siab, cov ntshav muab rau cov plaub hau zuj zus, uas ua rau cov plaub hau poob. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev ntxhov siab cuam tshuam kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, thiab lub cev pib tawm tsam nrog nws cov hauv paus plaub hau.
- kab mob endocrine. Pathology ntawm cov thyroid caj pas, qog adrenal thiab pituitary caj pas kuj cuam tshuam rau cov plaub hau.
- Hormonal imbalance. Alopecia areata nyob rau hauv cov poj niam feem ntau tshwm thaum cev xeeb tub, menopause, los yog thaum noj tshuaj hormonal contraceptives. Thaum lub sij hawm cev xeeb tub, baldness tsis kho, feem ntau cov mob ntawm cov plaub hau rov zoo li qub tom qab yug me nyuam. Lwm qhov xwm txheej, koj yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob.
- Kab mob kab mob. Alopecia areata qee zaum tshwm sim tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm helminthiases. Lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tiv thaiv kab mob thiab tib lub sijhawm cov hauv paus plaub hau raug cuam tshuam.
Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv qhov tshwm sim ntawm tus kab mob yog ua los ntawm cov kab mob sib kis, uas yog vim li cas tus kab mob nyuaj kho. Tag nrho lwm yam ua rau baldness tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm.
YKev faib tawm ntawm pathology
Alopecia areata tshwm sim hauv ntau hom. Nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj, cov nram qab no ntau yam ntawm tus kab mob no txawv:
- Local. Muaj ib los yog ob lub pob txha taub hau ntawm lub taub hau.
- Subtotal. Cov chaw ntawm alopecia sib koom ua ke thiab tsim cov cheeb tsam loj. Kwv yees li ib nrab ntawm cov plaub hau ntawm lub taub hau ploj lawm.
- Tag nrho. Cov plaub hau ntawm lub taub hau tsis tuaj. Cov plaub muag thiab plaub muag feem ntau poob tawm.
- Universal. Cov plaub hau ntog tsis tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub taub hau, tab sis tag nrho lub cev. Qee lub sij hawm cov plaub hau rov qab, tab sis qhov no yuav kav ntev heev.
- Ophias Celsus. Nrog rau daim ntawv no ntawm tus kab mob, koj tuaj yeem pom ib qho chaw tawv nqaij ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Lub cheeb tsam ntawm qhov tawv nqaij yog nyob ntawm cov tuam tsev mus rau tom qab ntawm lub taub hau. Hom alopecia no yog ib yam rau cov menyuam yaus.
- Diffuse. Tsuas muaj qhov hlwv ntawm lub taub hau xwb.
- Alopecia areata nrog rau tus ntsia thawv dystrophy. Qhov no yog hom kab mob hnyav tshaj plaws, uas nyuaj rau kho. Nrog nws, tsis tsuas yog cov hauv paus plaub hau raug cuam tshuam, tab sis kuj rau cov rau tes. Deformation thiab delamination ntawm tus ntsia thawv phaj tshwm sim.
Ntau hom kev khaus khaus tuaj yeem dhau mus rau ib leeg. Yog hais tias lub zos alopecia tau sau tseg thaum pib ntawm tus kab mob, tom qab ntawd yav tom ntej, yog tias tsis kho, tus kab mob subtotal thiab tag nrho cov kab mob tuaj yeem tsim. Vim li ntawd, ib tug neeg poob plaub hau ntau dua.
theem kab mob
Nyob rau hauv nws txoj kev loj hlob, alopecia areata hla dhau ntau theem:
- Kev nce qib. Nyob rau theem no, ib tug neeg cov plaub hau follicles poob lawv lub zog. Cov cheeb tsam tshwm rau ntawm lub taub haualopecia nrog o ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Qee zaum muaj khaus me ntsis. Cov plaub hau zoo li nyias, thiab yooj yim tshem tawm ntawm cov hauv paus hniav thaum rub.
- Stationary stage. Baldness nres zuj zus. Daim tawv nqaij mob ploj mus. Cov plaub hau tsis poob tawm.
- Regression theem. Fluffy blond plaub hau hlob nyob rau ntawm qhov chaw cuam tshuam. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej zoo, lawv tau ntxiv dag zog, pigmented thiab tig mus rau hauv cov plaub hau li qub. Tab sis nrog rau tus kab mob hnyav zuj zus, kev khaus khaus yuav pib dua.
Symptomatics
thawj qhov cim ntawm tus kab mob yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov chaw ntawm pob ntseg. Lawv feem ntau muaj ib puag ncig zoo thiab qhov loj ntawm 1 cm mus rau 10 cm. Feem ntau muaj ib cheeb tsam ntawm alopecia, tab sis qee zaum yuav muaj ob peb. Tej thaj chaw ntawm pob ntseg tuaj yeem sib koom ua ke.
Cov tawv nqaij ntawm thaj chaw cuam tshuam tau hloov me ntsis. Qee zaum muaj xim liab me ntsis. Crusts thiab tev tsis pom. Cov plaub hau ze ntawm thaj chaw alopecia tsis tuav zoo hauv cov hauv paus hniav thiab rub tawm tau yooj yim.
Muaj cov plaub hau muaj zog ntxiv. Lawv muaj lub hauv paus ib txwm, tab sis lub hauv paus nyias nyias. Feem ntau cov plaub hau tawg ntawm qhov ntev li ntawm 3 hli.
Muaj ib yam kab mob tshwj xeeb (ophiasis), uas qhov chaw ntawm pob ntseg tsis yog puag ncig, tab sis ntev nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib daim kab xev. Cov ntsia hlau kuj tuaj yeem koom nrog hauv cov txheej txheem pathological, lawv cov mob hnyav zuj zus. Cov hom alopecia no suav hais tias yog qhov phem tshaj plaws thiab nyuaj kho.
Alopecia areata hauv cov poj niam manifests nws tus kheejfeem ntau ntawm cov hnub nyoog ntawm 15 thiab 35. Ntau zaus tus kab mob no cuam tshuam rau cov neeg mob cov plaub hau tsaus. Pathology feem ntau ua tau zoo dua li cov txiv neej. Nyob rau hauv lub cev ntawm ib tug poj niam, estrogens predominate, qhov no tiv thaiv heev plaub hau poob. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias tus neeg mob muaj kev cuam tshuam hormonal, ces baldness tuaj yeem yog qhov tseem ceeb. Vim alopecia, cov poj niam feem ntau muaj kev ntxhov siab thiab kev nyuaj siab, uas ua rau cov plaub hau poob.
Alopecia areata hauv cov txiv neej pib feem ntau los ntawm lub taub hau. Nyob rau hauv lub Upper ib feem ntawm lub taub hau, ib tug bald spot yog tsim. Yog tias koj tsis ua, ces thaj tsam ntawm cov plaub hau poob zuj zus tuaj raws sijhawm. Hauv cov xwm txheej zoo, tus neeg mob poob nws cov plaub hau tag.
Txoj kev khaus khaus hauv menyuam yaus
Alopecia areata hauv cov menyuam yaus yog qhov tsawg heev. Feem ntau cov kab mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij koom nrog tus kab mob: atopic dermatitis, ua xua pob, vitiligo. Nrog alopecia, tus me nyuam feem ntau poob tsis yog cov plaub hau ntawm lub taub hau xwb, tab sis kuj pob muag nrog cov plaub muag.
Feem ntau tus kab mob no cuam tshuam rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 3 xyoos. Cov cim qhia tsis zoo yog qhov sib ntxiv ntawm atopic dermatitis, ntsia hlau puas thiab qhov pib ntawm tus kab mob thaum muaj hnub nyoog ntxov. Hauv cov xwm txheej no, cov kab mob pathology tau kho nrog nyuaj heev. Txawm li cas los xij, cov kab mob malignant tsis tshua pom hauv cov menyuam yaus. Feem ntau, cov plaub hau tuaj yeem rov qab ua tiav.
Diagnosis
Thaum thawj cov tsos mob ntawm alopecia tshwm sim, koj yuav tsum sab laj nrog tus kws kho mob trichologist. Feem ntau rauKev kuaj mob feem ntau txaus los kuaj xyuas tus neeg mob. Qee qhov xwm txheej, yuav tsum kuaj kuaj ntxiv:
- Trichogramma. Ob peb cov plaub hau raug rub tawm los ntawm tus neeg mob nyob ze ntawm thaj chaw muaj kev cuam tshuam thiab lawv cov qauv tau kawm nyob rau hauv lub tshuab tsom iav.
- Biopsies. Los ntawm thaj chaw cuam tshuam, cov khoom ntawm daim tawv nqaij raug coj mus kuaj. Qhov no tso cai rau koj cais alopecia areata los ntawm tawv taub hau kev koom tes hauv lupus thiab lichen lesions.
- Tshawb nrhiav nrog dermatoscope. Cov qauv ntawm cov hauv paus plaub hau thiab cov xwm txheej ntawm daim tawv nqaij raug kawm.
- Smear los ntawm thaj chaw cuam tshuam rau kab mob fungal. Txoj kev tshawb no yuav pab kom paub qhov txawv ntawm alopecia areata ntawm ringworm.
Qee zaum alopecia yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm beriberi, nrog rau cov kab mob endocrine thiab kis kab mob. Txhawm rau txheeb xyuas cov kab mob zoo li no, kuaj serological, kuaj ntshav rau biochemistry thiab tshuaj hormones.
Kev kho mob
Yog tias muaj qhov me me (tsis ntau tshaj 3 cm) balm ntawm lub taub hau, ces kev soj ntsuam dynamic yog tsim nyog rau 3 lub hlis. Yog tias lub sijhawm no thaj chaw tsis tau npog nrog cov plaub hau vellus, ces yuav tsum muaj kev kho mob rau alopecia areata.
Cov tshuaj pleev tshuaj corticosteroid hauv zos thiab tshuaj pleev: Celestoderm, Dermovate, Clobetasol, Fluorocort. Lawv raug siv rau thaj tsam ntawm baldness. Kuj tseem siv tshuaj corticosteroid "Diprospan" hauv daim ntawv ntawm kev daws. Nws yog txhaj subcutaneously rau hauv cov cheeb tsam cuam tshuam. Txoj kev kho no pab kom cov plaub hau tsis ntau tshaj 50%.
Hauv kev kho mob alopecia areata hauv cov poj niam, cov tshuaj "Cimetidine" muab cov txiaj ntsig zoo. Nws muaj cov nyhuv antiandrogenic thiab normalizes hormonal keeb kwm yav dhau hauv tus neeg mob lub cev. Nws muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov ntsiav tshuaj, tshuaj ntsiav thiab txhaj tshuaj. Cov txiv neej yuav tsum tsis txhob noj cov tshuaj no vim nws yuav cuam tshuam rau androgen ntau lawm.
Hauv kev kho mob ntawm alopecia areata hauv cov txiv neej, cov tshuaj "Finasteride" yog siv. Nws tiv thaiv cov tsub zuj zuj ntawm cov tshuaj hormone dihydrotestosterone hauv thaj tsam ntawm qhov muag teev thiab tiv thaiv cov plaub hau poob. Txoj kev kho no tsis pom zoo rau cov menyuam yaus thiab cov poj niam cev xeeb tub. Cov tshuaj tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm caj ces hauv tus menyuam hauv plab.
Ditranol ointment yog siv los kho cov txiv neej thiab poj niam cov neeg mob. Nws muaj cov nyhuv irritant hauv zos. Ib me ntsis reddening ntawm daim tawv nqaij tshwm sim ntawm qhov chaw ntawm raug rau cov tshuaj. Lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tau qhib kom tawm tsam qhov mob thiab raug hloov los ntawm cov hauv paus plaub hau. Anthralin, tincture ntawm kua txob liab, lemongrass, thiab burdock roj kuj muaj cov khoom ua kom khaus. Cov nyiaj no tuaj yeem siv tau rau theem ntawm tus kab mob, thaum cov plaub hau poob lawm.
Cov txiaj ntsig zoo muab cov tshuaj "Minoxidil". Qhov no yog ib qho kev daws teeb meem uas rubbed rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam ntawm baldness. Nws txhawb cov plaub hau kev loj hlob.
Ntxiv rau cov tshuaj hauv zos, cov tshuaj noj hauv qhov ncauj tau muab:
- vitamin complexes "Perfectil", "Pantovigar", "Nutrikap"
- sedatives: Persen, Novopassit.
- tshuaj uas txhim kho cov ntshav: Nootropil, Actovegin.
Hauv cov xwm txheej hnyav, siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob: "Cyclosporin A", "Timopentin", "Groprinosin". Lawv muaj peev xwm cuam tshuam rau autoimmune xwm ntawm tus kab mob. Koj tuaj yeem noj cov tshuaj muaj zog li no tsuas yog nrog kws kho mob sau ntawv. Cov tshuaj no muaj ntau yam phiv.
Physiotherapy
Physiotherapy complements kev kho mob rau cov plaub hau poob. Txhawm rau txhim kho cov plaub hau, cov txheej txheem hauv qab no tau sau tseg:
- Electrophoresis nrog nicotinic acid. Cov tshuaj yog txhaj rau hauv daim tawv nqaij siv lub galvanic tam sim no. Nws pab txhim kho cov ntshav microcirculation thiab metabolism hauv dermis. Cov tshuaj nkag mus rau qhov muag teev thiab txhawb cov plaub hau kev loj hlob.
- Microcurrents. Hluav taws xob nthwv dej yog siv rau thaj chaw cuam tshuam. Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov kev kho no, kev noj haus ntawm cov hauv paus plaub hau txhim kho.
- laser kho. Cov rays nkag mus rau qhov muag thiab txhawb cov plaub hau kev loj hlob.
- Darsonvalization. Nrog kev pab los ntawm ib tug tshwj xeeb apparatus, tam sim no ntawm me me impulses yog siv rau cov cheeb tsam cuam tshuam. Yog li ntawd, cov ntshav muab rau cov hauv paus hniav thiab cov plaub hau kev loj hlob zoo dua.
Yuav kom ua tiav qhov tshwm sim, xav tau 10 mus rau 15 cov txheej txheem kho lub cev.
kho mob phais
Nyob rau hauv cov mob hnyav heev, kev kho mob tsis pab. Koj yuav tsum tau mus rau kev hloov cov plaub hau. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis yog txhua tus kws tshaj lij xav txog txoj kev kho no zoo. Hloov cov plaub hau yuav tsis rho tawm yog tias muaj kab mob hauv lub cev uas ua rau khaus khaus.
Ua ntej hloov cov plaub hau, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los txheeb xyuas thiab tshem tawm qhov ua rau alopecia. Tsuas yog nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, cov plaub hau tshiab tuaj yeem ua hauv paus.
Huab cua
Kev kuaj mob ntawm tus kab mob feem ntau nyob ntawm qhov ua rau alopecia. Yog hais tias nws muaj peev xwm txheeb xyuas thiab tshem tawm qhov tseem ceeb uas provoked baldness, ces koj muaj peev xwm tshem tawm tag nrho cov plaub hau. Nrog rau daim ntawv caj ces ntawm alopecia, qhov kev tshwm sim yuav hnyav dua. Nws tsis yog ib txwm ua tau kom ua tiav cov plaub hau rov ua kom tiav.
Kev tshuaj xyuas
Koj tuaj yeem pom ntau cov lus pom zoo ntawm kev kho alopecia areata los ntawm darsonvalization. Cov neeg mob nres cov plaub hau poob tom qab 7-10 kev kho mob. Tom qab qee lub sijhawm, cov plaub hau tshiab tau tshwm sim hauv thaj chaw ntawm kev ua plaub hau. Txoj kev no tau pab ntau tus poj niam tom qab yug me nyuam baldness txuam nrog hormonal imbalance.
Tseem muaj cov lus ceeb toom ntawm kev ua tau zoo ntawm Minoxidil. Nws pab txawm tias muaj mob hnyav ntawm alopecia areata. Cov kev tshuaj xyuas qhia tias tom qab kev kho mob, cov neeg mob pib maj mam overgrow thaj chaw ntawm baldness, ob qho tib si ntawm lub taub hau thiab lub cev. Txoj kev kho no tau zoo txawm tias cov plaub hau poob ntau dua 60%.
Qee zaum, cov tshuaj pleev ib ce tau pab tiv thaiv cov plaub hau. Yog hais tias zoo xyuas txog kev siv cov roj burdock thiab iab kua txob tincture. Txawm li cas los xij, cov nyiaj nopab thaum lub sij hawm stabilization ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm cov plaub hau poob. Nrog rau kev ua kom pom tseeb nrog cov plaub hau xoob, cov khau hauv zos tuaj yeem ua rau khaus khaus.
Kev Tiv Thaiv
Yog ib tug neeg muaj kev xav rau cov plaub hau poob, ces nws yuav tsum tau ntsuas kom ntxiv dag zog rau lawv. Ua li no, koj yuav tsum tsis tu ncua ntxuav koj cov plaub hau nrog tshuaj zawv plaub hau tshwj xeeb nrog cov tshuaj vitamin, nrog rau siv tshuaj ntsuab decoctions rau yaug thiab kho qhov ncauj qhov ntswg. Koj yuav tsum tsis txhob hnav cov plaub hau nruj thiab rub koj cov plaub hau kom nruj. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum ua kom staining tsawg li sai tau.
Nws tseem ceeb heev kom noj kom raug thiab zam kev ntxhov siab ntau li ntau tau. Thaum thawj cov cim qhia ntawm cov plaub hau poob, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau mus ntsib tus kws kho mob trichologist. Qhov no yuav pab tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm alopecia.
