Yuav luag txhua tus neeg ntawm lub cev muaj ib lossis ntau dua moles. Raws li txoj cai, lawv tsis ua rau tsis xis nyob thiab tsis cuam tshuam kev noj qab haus huv txhua txoj kev. Tab sis tsis ntev los no, ntau thiab ntau zaus, ntau tus neeg pib mob qog noj ntshav, uas yog cov kab mob txaus ntshai - mob qog noj ntshav. Hmoov tsis zoo, ob peb tus tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv ntawm ib qho mole los ntawm ib qho malignant, uas ua rau kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob. Hauv tsab xov xwm peb yuav ua tib zoo saib seb cov qog nqaij hlav cancer zoo li cas, lawv cov yam ntxwv thiab yuav ua li cas tshem tau lawv.
Ntxhais mole yog dab tsi?
Ib tug malignant mole yog mob qog noj ntshav hu ua melanoma. Nws tuaj yeem tsim nyob txhua qhov ntawm lub cev, tab sis feem ntau tshwm sim hauv thaj chaw raug, vim lawv raug ultraviolet hluav taws xob.
Melanoma yog hom mob qog noj ntshav txaus ntshai tshaj plaws. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev los saib xyuas tag nrho cov moles ntawm lub cev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias muaj ntau ntawm lawv. Yog tias kuaj pom tus kab mob malignant hauv lub sijhawm,Melanoma tuaj yeem tiv thaiv tau.
yam ntxwv
Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev mob qog noj ntshav ntawm daim tawv nqaij, nws tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum paub yuav ua li cas txheeb xyuas tus kab mob qog noj ntshav. Rau kev sib piv, xav txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov moles zoo tib yam thiab mob qog noj ntshav.
Cov moles uas tsis muaj teeb meem ib txwm muaj cov xim sib xws (xim av lossis xim dub), ciam teb ntshiab uas cais lawv ntawm lub cev. Moles yog puag ncig los yog oval nyob rau hauv cov duab thiab yog kwv yees li 6 hli nyob rau hauv loj.
Ntawm tib neeg lub cev, feem ntau tuaj yeem muaj li ntawm 10 mus rau 45 moles. Cov tshiab tuaj yeem tshwm sim ua ntej hnub nyoog 40, thiab qee qhov, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, ploj mus nrog hnub nyoog.
Tam sim no wb tham txog malignant moles. Muaj ntau ntau ntawm lawv, thiab outwardly lawv txawv heev los ntawm ib txwm sawv daws yuav nyob rau hauv cov xim, loj, contour (ntxiv rau qhov no hauv qab no). Nws tshwm sim hais tias ib tug dog dig mole yuav loj hlob mus rau hauv ib tug malignant. Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob nco lub sijhawm no thiab pib kho raws sijhawm, koj yuav tsum tau mus kuaj txhua rau lub hlis lossis ib xyoos.
Keeb kwm ntawm malignant moles
Malignant moles (cov qog nqaij hlav cancer) muaj qee cov cim qhia uas yuav pab kom paub qhov txawv ntawm cov mole. Thawj theem ntawm tus kab mob - melanocytic dysplasia - tseem kho tau. Yog li ntawd, yog tias tus kab mob qog nqaij hlav raug txheeb xyuas thiab tshem tawm lub sijhawm, kev txhim kho ntawm daim tawv nqaij tuaj yeem zam tau.
Xyoo 1985, cov kws kho mob dermatologist tau tsim cov ntawv luv ABCDE, txhua tsab ntawv uas sawv cev rau ib qho cim ntawm tus kab mob qog noj ntshav. Sij hawm dhau mus, cov ntawv luv no tau hloov mus rau hauv Lavxias, thiab nws pib suab zoo li AKORD (asymmetry, ntug,xim, loj, dynamics). Nws yog los ntawm cov cim qhia tias kev loj hlob malignant tuaj yeem kuaj pom. Cia peb saib ze dua ntawm txhua qhov tshwj xeeb.
- Asymmetry. Raws li tau hais los saum no, cov moles zoo tib yam yog symmetrical. Yog tias koj pom txawm tias me ntsis asymmetry, koj yuav tsum tau mus ntsib kws kho mob sai.
- Txoj. Cov kab mob qog noj ntshav muaj jagged, qhov muag plooj, thiab txawm tias jagged npoo.
- Xim. Cov moles feem ntau yog ib xim (dub los yog xim av). Mob qog noj ntshav ntawm lub cev tuaj yeem ua tau ntau yam ntxoov ntxoo, suav nrog liab.
- Size. Ordinary moles tsis pub tshaj 6 mm nyob rau hauv ntim. Yog tias mole loj dua 6 mm, ces feem ntau nws yog malignant. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov qog nqaij hlav qog nqaij hlav sai zuj zus tuaj.
- Dynamics. Yog hais tias mole yog benign, ces nws tsis hloov nws cov xim los yog loj nyob rau hauv lub xyoo. Yog tias koj pib pom cov kev hloov pauv, koj yuav tsum sab laj nrog kws kho mob kom kuaj.
Yog li peb tau saib cov yam ntxwv thiab cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob qog noj ntshav. Yog tias koj pom tsawg kawg ib qho ntawm cov ntsiab lus hauv koj tus kheej, tam sim ntawd khiav mus rau tus kws kho mob txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev txhim kho ntawm melanoma.
Risk factors
Ib tug neeg tuaj yeem nyob nrog moles tag nrho nws lub neej, thiab lawv yuav tsis thab nws yam twg. Tab sis ib txwm muaj kev pheej hmoo tias tus qauv neoplasm yuav pib tsim mus rau hauv ib qho malignant. Xav txog qhov feem ntau yuav muaj feem cuam tshuam rau mole los ua mob qog noj ntshav:
- Muaj tshav kub kub lossis raug tshav ntuj ntev ntawm cov moles.
- Cov neeg tawv nqaij dawb, plaub hau daj thiab ob lub qhov muag, thiab cov freckles feem ntau yuav tsim cov qog nqaij hlav cancer ntawm lawv lub cev.
- Yog tias muaj cov moles ntau hauv lub cev, ces muaj kev pheej hmoo siab heev uas tsis ntev los sis tom qab ntawd lawv yuav pib tsim cov kab mob phem.
- Qhov ntau thiab tsawg ntawm tus qauv moles. Yog hais tias ib tug zoo tib yam mole loj nyob rau hauv nws tus kheej, ces txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm tsim melanoma nce ho.
- Hereditary factor. Yog tias cov txheeb ze muaj mob qog noj ntshav, ces koj kuj muaj kev pheej hmoo.
Txhawm rau zam kev txhim kho ntawm melanoma, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau xav txog tag nrho cov xwm txheej no thiab ntawm qhov kev tsis txaus siab me ntsis tias mole tau ua phem, mus ntsib kws kho mob.
Kev xeem mus li cas?
Txhawm rau kuaj mob qog noj ntshav, yuav tsum ua thawj zaug dermoscopy. Siv lub iav tsom iav thiab lub dermatoscope, koj tuaj yeem pom cov cim qhia ntawm melanoma ntawm qhov loj hlob. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, cov xim ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab cov hlab ntsha yog kawm thiab soj ntsuam los ntawm kev noj ib tug qauv ntawm ib tug loj mole.
Kev kuaj mob tau lees paub tom qab kuaj pom (histological tsom xam). Siv tshuaj loog hauv zos, ib feem ntawm mole raug tshem tawm kom ua tib zoo kawm nws cov qauv hauv chav kuaj. Txoj kev no yog ib qhov tseeb tshaj plaws.
Nws tuaj yeem kuaj mob qog noj ntshav thaum ntxov siv lub tshuab computer microdermoscopy, tab sis txoj kev no tseem tsis tau siv dav.
tseem ceeb tshaj, yog tias koj tus kheej pom txawm tias qhov hloov me ntsis ntawm qhov tsos lossis qhov loj ntawm koj cov moles, koj yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob. tus kws kho mob nws tus kheejyuav xaiv txoj kev tsim nyog ntawm kev kuaj mob, thiab nrog rau kev soj ntsuam raws sijhawm, kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob qog noj ntshav ntawm daim tawv nqaij raug txo.
Qee yam yuav tsum paub txog mob qog noj ntshav
Yog ib tus neeg muaj ntau tshaj 50 moles ntawm nws lub cev, ces nws yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo saib xyuas lawv tus mob thiab tiv tauj tus kws kho mob oncologist ntawm qhov hloov me ntsis.
Ntxiv rau cov cim saum toj no, muaj ntau yam uas yuav tsum tau saib rau:
- Tub. Ib qho mole feem ntau yuav yog xim dub. Tab sis yog hais tias nws yog Ameslikas xim av thiab mam li nco dheev pib darken, ces qhov no yog ib qho kev txhawj xeeb. Coob leej neeg tsis xyuam xim rau qhov darkening ntawm moles, raws li dub yog suav hais tias yog tus qauv.
- mob plab. Yog hais tias daim tawv nqaij nyob ib ncig ntawm cov mole feem ntau yog mob los yog reddened, ces koj yuav tsum tau ceev mus rau tus kws kho mob mus kuaj. Thiab tsis muaj teeb meem koj yuav tsum kho cov tawv nqaij mob nrog cawv, qhov no tsuas yog ua rau qhov xwm txheej hnyav dua.
- Ntog. Cov ciam teb ntawm mole twb tau hais lawm. Tab sis koj yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau nws nto. Los ntawm saum toj no, nws yuav tsum tau du, tsis pom tseeb roughness. Yog hais tias muaj, ces qhov no yog ib tug kos npe rau ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm melanoma.
- Yog tias thaj chaw tsaus ntawm daim tawv nqaij tshwm nyob ib puag ncig mole, ces qhov no yog qhov ua rau muaj kev txhawj xeeb loj. Tus kws kho mob oncologist yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas sai.
Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, muaj ntau yam cim qhia ntawm melanoma kev loj hlob. Nws nyuaj heev kom nco ntsoov lawv txhua tus. Nco ntsoov tias kev hloov pauv hauv tus qauv mole yuav qhia tau tias nwsua phem.
Kev kho mob
Tam sim no, tib txoj kev kho mob rau melanoma yog tshem tawm cov qog nqaij hlav cancer. Qhov nyuaj ntawm kev ua haujlwm yog nyob ntawm qhov tsis saib xyuas ntawm qhov xwm txheej thiab qhov loj ntawm qhov tsim. Ib nrab teev txaus rau kev loj hlob me me.
Thaum tshem tawm cov kab mob qog noj ntshav, tus kws phais txiav tawm ib qho me me ntawm daim tawv nqaij (1 cm) nyob ib ncig ntawm lub mole kom tsis txhob muaj cov tshiab tshwm sim hauv tib qhov chaw. Qhov loj dua thiab loj dua qhov malignant mole, ntau daim tawv nqaij nyob ib ncig ntawm nws yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm.
Tom qab cov mole raug txiav tawm, ib qho qauv raug xa mus rau chav kuaj. Lawv tab tom kawm txog nws qib ntawm kev nthuav dav, uas yog, qhov yuav tshwm sim uas qhov kev loj hlob tshiab no yuav tshwm sim hauv lub cev.
Cov kws kho mob muab kev twv ua ntej dab tsi?
qog tuab yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov kws kho mob oncologist ua kev kwv yees. Yog tias mole me me, ces qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm nws qhov rov tsim dua me me, thiab txoj hauv kev ntawm lub neej tsis muaj melanoma nce.
Lub sijhawm kho dua tshiab tom qab tshem tawm ntawm kev loj hlob yog luv. Ib qho caws pliav ntawm qhov chaw ntawm qhov tshem tawm mole, uas kho sai sai. Qhov loj ntawm qhov caws pliav nyob ntawm txoj kev tshem tawm.
Kev tshem tawm nrog lub laser yog txoj kev nyab xeeb tshaj plaws uas yuav luag tsis muaj qhov cim thiab nti. Tab sis txoj kev no tsis tuaj yeem siv rau hauv cov xwm txheej siab heev.
Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias yog tias kev ua haujlwm tau ua raws sijhawm, qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm melanoma yav tom ntej yuav tsawg heev. Yav tom ntej, koj tsuas yog yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob tsis tu ncua -oncologist kom tsis txhob rov qab los.
Zoo kawg
Nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm, peb tau tshuaj xyuas kom meej tias cov qog nqaij hlav cancer yog dab tsi, txoj hauv kev kho lawv li cas, nrog rau cov cim qhia uas yuav pab txheeb xyuas lawv txoj kev loj hlob thaum ntxov. Saib xyuas koj lub cev thiab noj qab haus huv!
